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Yang H, Wu K, Guo H, Wei J, Guo J, Liu R, Wang X, Bai Y, Xu Y, Li T, Zhu C, Hou F. Crystallinity Control and Strain Release in Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Film via Seed-Induced Growth for Efficient Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39088734 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
The seed method stands out as a straightforward and efficient approach for fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we propose the utilization of an antisolvent as an additive to induce crystal seeding, thereby facilitating the growth of wide-bandgap perovskite grains. Specifically, we introduce three commonly used antisolvents─ethyl acetate (EA), isopropanol (IPA), and chlorobenzene (CB)─directly into the perovskite precursor solution to generate perovskite seeds, which serve to promote subsequent nucleation. This antisolvent-crystal seeding method (ACSM) results in increased grain sizes, reduced film defects, and overall improved film quality. Consequently, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 1.647 eV PSCs with EA, IPA, and CB additives are recorded at 19.86%, 20.61%, and 20.45%, respectively, surpassing that of the reference device with a PCE of 18.83%. Furthermore, the stability of the PSCs prepared through ACSM is notably enhanced. Notably, PSCs optimized with IPA retain 75% of the original PCE after being stored in ambient air conditions (25 °C, RH ∼ 15%) for 30 days, better than the CB-added (64%) and the EA-added devices (53%), while the reference devices only retain 31% of the initial PCE. Moreover, even after continuous thermal annealing at 50 °C for 200 h, IPA-assisted devices demonstrate the best stability, followed by those with CB and EA, with the reference exhibiting the poorest stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Kai Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Haikuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jiali Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jingwei Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yali Bai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Fuhua Hou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology and Energy Materials at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
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2
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Ma S, Xu K, Zhu X, Liu M, Xu Y, Luo K. Hierarchical mesoporous TiO 2/starch-based microparticles used as an efficient and reusable adsorbent for removal of water-soluble dye. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133380. [PMID: 38925192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of organic dyes in various industrial applications, driven by rapid industrialization, has become a significant environmental concern. Thus, highly efficient and reusable adsorbent for removal of pollutant dyes have gained increasing attention in water treatment. In this study, we present TiO2 nanoparticle-embedded mesoporous starch-based microparticle (TiO2@MSMP) with hierarchical rose-like structure were synthesis by using acetone precipitation of short-chain glucan (SCG) obtained from waxy maize starch. The resulting TiO2@MSMP exhibits an A-type crystalline polymorph and mean particle size of approximately 2 μm, displaying a type IV adsorption isotherm with a mean pore diameter of 19 nm and an average surface area of 12.34 m2/g. The adsorption ability of TiO2@MSMP towards methyl orange (MO) and crystal violet (CV) were 85.8 mg/g and 103.8 mg/g, respectively. The reusability of TiO2@MSMP was achieved by UV irradiation, which resulted in photodegradation of the adsorbed dye over 80 % while maintaining good absorption ability and structural stability during the recycling process. Given its cost-effectiveness, high adsorption capacity, and excellent reusability, TiO2@MSMP holds promise as an effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent with significant potential for removing dyes from aqueous solutions and purifying water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Kaiyan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Ke Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
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3
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Schramm T, Deconinck M, Ji R, Siliavka E, Hofstetter YJ, Löffler M, Shilovskikh VV, Brunner J, Li Y, Bitton S, Tessler N, Vaynzof Y. Electrical Doping of Metal Halide Perovskites by Co-Evaporation and Application in PN Junctions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314289. [PMID: 38483029 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Electrical doping of semiconductors is a revolutionary development that enabled many electronic and optoelectronic technologies. While doping of many inorganic and organic semiconductors is well-established, controlled electrical doping of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is yet to be demonstrated. In this work, efficient n- and p-type electrical doping of MHPs by co-evaporating the perovskite precursors alongside organic dopant molecules is achieved. It is demonstrated that the Fermi level can be shifted by up to 500 meV toward the conduction band and by up to 400 meV toward the valence band by n- and p-doping, respectively, which increases the conductivity of the films. The doped layers are employed in PN and NP diodes, showing opposing trends in rectification. Demonstrating controlled electrical doping by a scalable, industrially relevant deposition method opens the route to developing perovskite devices beyond solar cells, such as thermoelectrics or complementary logic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schramm
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marielle Deconinck
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ran Ji
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elena Siliavka
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yvonne J Hofstetter
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis (DCN), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir V Shilovskikh
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julius Brunner
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sapir Bitton
- Sara and Moshe Zisapel Nanoelectronic Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000003, Israel
| | - Nir Tessler
- Sara and Moshe Zisapel Nanoelectronic Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000003, Israel
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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4
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Zhu B, Li B, Ding G, Jin Z, Xu Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Rui Y. Eliminating Voids and Residual PbI 2 beneath a Perovskite Film via Buried Interface Modification for Efficient Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28560-28569. [PMID: 38768309 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The commercialization process of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is markedly restricted by the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability. During fabrication and operation, the bottom interface of the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite layer frequently exhibits voids and residual PbI2, while these defects inevitably act as recombination centers and degradation sites, affecting the efficiency and stability of the devices. Therefore, the degradation and nonradiative recombination originating from the buried interface should be thoroughly resolved. Here, we report a multifunctional passivator by introducing malonic dihydrazide as an interfacial chemical bridge between the electron transport layer and the perovskite (PVK) layer. MADH with hydrazine groups improves the surface affinity of SnO2 and provides nucleation sites for the growth of PVK, leading to the reduced residual PbI2 and the voids resulting from the inhomogeneous solvent volatilization at the bottom interface. Meanwhile, the hydrazine group and carbonyl group synergistically coordinate with Pb2+ to improve the crystal growth environment, reducing the number of Pb-related defects. Eventually, the PCE of the PSCs is significantly enhanced benefiting from the reduced interfacial defects and the increased carrier transport. Moreover, the reductive nature of hydrazide further inhibits I2 generation during long-term operation, and the device retains 90% of the initial PCE under a 1 sun continuous illumination exposure of 700 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Gaiqin Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zuoming Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yutian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yichuan Rui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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5
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Jiang X, Liu B, Wu X, Zhang S, Zhang D, Wang X, Gao S, Huang Z, Wang H, Li B, Xiao Z, Chen T, Jen AKY, Xiao S, Yang S, Zhu Z. Top-Down Induced Crystallization Orientation toward Highly Efficient p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313524. [PMID: 38453665 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Crystallization orientation plays a crucial role in determining the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), whereas effective strategies for realizing oriented perovskite crystallization is still lacking. Herein, a facile and efficient top-down strategy is reported to manipulate the crystallization orientation via treating perovskite wet film with propylamine chloride (PACl) before annealing. The PA+ ions tend to be adsorbed on the (001) facet of the perovskite surface, resulting in the reduced cleavage energy to induce (001) orientation-dominated growth of perovskite film and then reduce the temperature of phase transition, meanwhile, the penetrating Cl ions further regulate the crystallization process. As-prepared (001)-dominant perovskite films exhibit the ameliorative film homogeneity in terms of vertical and horizontal scale, leading to alleviated lattice mismatch and lowered defect density. The resultant PVSC devices deliver a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.07% with enhanced stability, and the unencapsulated PVSC device maintains 95% of its initial PCE after 1000 h of operation at the maximum power point under simulated AM 1.5G illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Baoze Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shoufeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shuang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zongming Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Haolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shuang Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultraintense Laser and Advanced Material Technology, Center for Intense Laser Application Technology (iLaT) and College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
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6
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Kodalle T, Byranvand MM, Goudreau M, Das C, Roy R, Kot M, Briesenick S, Zohdi M, Rai M, Tamura N, Flege JI, Hempel W, Sutter-Fella CM, Saliba M. An Integrated Deposition and Passivation Strategy for Controlled Crystallization of 2D/3D Halide Perovskite Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309154. [PMID: 38415385 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces a simplified deposition procedure for multidimensional (2D/3D) perovskite thin films, integrating a phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl)-treatment into the antisolvent step when forming the 3D perovskite. This simultaneous deposition and passivation strategy reduces the number of synthesis steps while simultaneously stabilizing the halide perovskite film and improving the photovoltaic performance of resulting solar cell devices to 20.8%. Using a combination of multimodal in situ and additional ex situ characterizations, it is demonstrated that the introduction of PEACl during the perovskite film formation slows down the crystal growth process, which leads to a larger average grain size and narrower grain size distribution, thus reducing carrier recombination at grain boundaries and improving the device's performance and stability. The data suggests that during annealing of the wet film, the PEACl diffuses to the surface of the film, forming hydrophobic (quasi-)2D structures that protect the bulk of the perovskite film from humidity-induced degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kodalle
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Meredith Goudreau
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Chittaranjan Das
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rajarshi Roy
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Kot
- Chair of Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Simon Briesenick
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, Ernest Rutherford Physics Building, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montrèal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Mohammadreza Zohdi
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monika Rai
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nobumichi Tamura
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Jan Ingo Flege
- Chair of Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Wolfram Hempel
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), 70563, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carolin M Sutter-Fella
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Michael Saliba
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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7
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Xu Y, Wang S, Liu H, Li X. Microencapsulated Perovskite Crystals via In Situ Permeation Growth from Polymer Microencapsulation-Expansion-Contraction Strategy: Advancing a Record Long-Term Stability beyond 10 000 h for Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313080. [PMID: 38242543 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Organic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) bearing both high efficiency and durability are predominantly challenged by inadequate crystallinity of perovskite. Herein, a polymer microencapsulation-expansion-contraction strategy is proposed for the first time to optimize the crystallization behavior of perovskite, typically by adeptly harnessing the swelling and deswelling characteristics of poly(4-acryloylmorpholine) (poly(4-AcM)) network on PbI2 surface. It can effectively retard the crystallization rate of perovskite, permitting meliorative crystallinity featured by increased grain size from 0.74 to 1.32 µm and reduced trap density from 1.12 × 1016 to 2.56 × 1015 cm-3. Moreover, profiting from the protection of poly(4-AcM) microencapsulation layer, the degradation of the perovskite is markedly suppressed. Resultant PSCs gain a robust power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.04%. Typically, they maintain 91% of their initial PCE for 13 008 h in a desiccated ambient environment and retain 92% PCE after storage for 4000 h with a relative humidity of 50 ± 10%, which is the state-of-the-art long-term stability among the reported contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Xu
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shirong Wang
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xianggao Li
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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8
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Yang Z, Wei J, Zheng J, Zhong Z, Du H, He Z, Liu L, Ma Q, Yu X, Wang Y, Zhu H, Wan M, Mai Y. Crystallization Kinetics of Perovskite Films by a Green Mixture Antisolvent for Efficient NiO x-Based Inverted Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19838-19848. [PMID: 38569046 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Environment-friendly antisolvents are critical for obtaining highly efficient, reproducible, and sustainable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we introduced a green mixture antisolvent of ethyl acetate-isopropanol (EA/IPA) to finely regulate the crystal grain growth and related film properties, including the morphology, crystal structure, and chemical composition of the perovskite thin film. The IPA with suitable content in EA plays a key role in achieving a smooth and compact high-quality perovskite thin film, leading to the suppression of film defect-induced nonradiative recombination. As a result, the PSCs based on the EA/IPA (5:1) antisolvent showed a power conversion efficiency of 22.9% with an open-circuit voltage of 1.17 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigan Yang
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiahui Wei
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianzha Zheng
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ziying Zhong
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huabin Du
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiling He
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiaoyan Ma
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Guangzhou Beihuan Intelligent Transportation Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510030, China
| | - Yousheng Wang
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of New Semiconductors and Devices of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongbing Zhu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of New Semiconductors and Devices of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meixiu Wan
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of New Semiconductors and Devices of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of New Semiconductors and Devices of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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9
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Hu S, Thiesbrummel J, Pascual J, Stolterfoht M, Wakamiya A, Snaith HJ. Narrow Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites for All-Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4079-4123. [PMID: 38527274 PMCID: PMC11009966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells are attracting considerable interest in photovoltaics research, owing to their potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction cells, in a cost-effective sustainable manner. Thanks to the bandgap-bowing effect, mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites possess a close to ideal narrow bandgap for constructing tandem cells, matched with wide-bandgap neat lead-based counterparts. The performance of all-perovskite tandems, however, has yet to reach its efficiency potential. One of the main obstacles that need to be overcome is the─oftentimes─low quality of the mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films, largely caused by the facile oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV), as well as the difficult-to-control film crystallization dynamics. Additional detrimental imperfections are introduced in the perovskite thin film, particularly at its vulnerable surfaces, including the top and bottom interfaces as well as the grain boundaries. Due to these issues, the resultant device performance is distinctly far lower than their theoretically achievable maximum efficiency. Robust modifications and improvements to the surfaces of mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films are therefore critical for the advancement of the field. This Review describes the origins of imperfections in thin films and covers efforts made so far toward reaching a better understanding of mixed Sn-Pb perovskites, in particular with respect to surface modifications that improved the efficiency and stability of the narrow bandgap solar cells. In addition, we also outline the important issues of integrating the narrow bandgap subcells for achieving reliable and efficient all-perovskite double- and multi-junction tandems. Future work should focus on the characterization and visualization of the specific surface defects, as well as tracking their evolution under different external stimuli, guiding in turn the processing for efficient and stable single-junction and tandem solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Jarla Thiesbrummel
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jorge Pascual
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Polymat, University of the
Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Electronic
Engineering Department, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, SAR China
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
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10
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Ge J, Chen R, Ma Y, Wang Y, Hu Y, Zhang L, Li F, Ma X, Tsang SW, You J, Jen AKY, Liu SF. Kinetics Controlled Perovskite Crystallization for High Performance Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319282. [PMID: 38272832 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells have recently developed rapidly compared to crystalline silicon solar cells. To have an effective way to control the crystallization of perovskite thin films is the key for achieving good device performance. However, a paradox in perovskite crystallization is from the mismatch between nucleation and Oswald ripening. Usually, the large numbers of nucleation sites tend to weak Oswald ripening. Here, we proposed a new mechanism to promote the formation of nucleation sites by reducing surface energy from 44.9 mN/m to 36.1 mN/m, to spontaneously accelerate the later Oswald ripening process by improving the grain solubility through the elastic modulus regulation. The ripening rate is increased from 2.37 Åm ⋅ s-1 to 4.61 Åm ⋅ s-1 during annealing. Finally, the solar cells derived from the optimized films showed significantly improved PCE from 23.14 % to 25.32 %. The long-term stability tests show excellent thermal stability (the optimized device without encapsulation maintaining 82 % of its initial PCE after 800 h aging at 85 °C) and an improved light stability under illumination. This work provides a new method, the elastic modulus regulation, to enhance the ripening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, No. 67, Xiaozhai East Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
| | - Yabin Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingjie Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Fengzhu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 127, Laodong West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiaxue You
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex K Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.457 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing, 100039, China
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11
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Reus MA, Baier T, Lindenmeir CG, Weinzierl AF, Buyan-Arivjikh A, Wegener SA, Kosbahn DP, Reb LK, Rubeck J, Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV, Müller-Buschbaum P. Modular slot-die coater for in situ grazing-incidence x-ray scattering experiments on thin films. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:043907. [PMID: 38656556 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal in situ experiments during slot-die coating of thin films pioneer the way to kinetic studies on thin-film formation. They establish a powerful tool to understand and optimize the formation and properties of thin-film devices, e.g., solar cells, sensors, or LED films. Thin-film research benefits from time-resolved grazing-incidence wide- and small-angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS) with a sub-second resolution to reveal the evolution of crystal structure, texture, and morphology during the deposition process. Simultaneously investigating optical properties by in situ photoluminescence measurements complements in-depth kinetic studies focusing on a comprehensive understanding of the triangular interdependency of processing, structure, and function for a roll-to-roll compatible, scalable thin-film deposition process. Here, we introduce a modular slot-die coater specially designed for in situ GIWAXS/GISAXS measurements and applicable to various ink systems. With a design for quick assembly, the slot-die coater permits the reproducible and comparable fabrication of thin films in the lab and at the synchrotron using the very same hardware components, as demonstrated in this work by experiments performed at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). Simultaneous to GIWAXS/GISAXS, photoluminescence measurements probe optoelectronic properties in situ during thin-film formation. An environmental chamber allows to control the atmosphere inside the coater. Modular construction and lightweight design make the coater mobile, easy to transport, quickly extendable, and adaptable to new beamline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Reus
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Baier
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph G Lindenmeir
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander F Weinzierl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Altantulga Buyan-Arivjikh
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Simon A Wegener
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - David P Kosbahn
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lennart K Reb
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jan Rubeck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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12
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Reus MA, Reb LK, Kosbahn DP, Roth SV, Müller-Buschbaum P. INSIGHT: in situ heuristic tool for the efficient reduction of grazing-incidence X-ray scattering data. J Appl Crystallogr 2024; 57:509-528. [PMID: 38596722 PMCID: PMC11001412 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576723011159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INSIGHT is a Python-based software tool for processing and reducing 2D grazing-incidence wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS) data. It offers the geometric transformation of the 2D GIWAXS/GISAXS detector image to reciprocal space, including vectorized and parallelized pixel-wise intensity correction calculations. An explicit focus on efficient data management and batch processing enables full control of large time-resolved synchrotron and laboratory data sets for a detailed analysis of kinetic GIWAXS/GISAXS studies of thin films. It processes data acquired with arbitrarily rotated detectors and performs vertical, horizontal, azimuthal and radial cuts in reciprocal space. It further allows crystallographic indexing and GIWAXS pattern simulation, and provides various plotting and export functionalities. Customized scripting offers a one-step solution to reduce, process, analyze and export findings of large in situ and operando data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Reus
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lennart K. Reb
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - David P. Kosbahn
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan V. Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 56–58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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13
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Wang Y, Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Bi L, He A, Cheng Y, Jen AKY, Ho JC, Tsang SW. Unlocking the Ambient Temperature Effect on FA-Based Perovskites Crystallization by In Situ Optical Method. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307635. [PMID: 37714163 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple cation-composited perovskites are demonstrated as a promising approach to improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, recipes developed for fabricating high-performance perovskites in laboratories are always not transferable in large-scale production, as perovskite crystallization is highly sensitive to processing conditions. Here, using an in situ optical method, the ambient temperature effect on the crystallization process in multiple cation-composited perovskites is investigated. It is found that the typical solvent-coordinated intermediate phase in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) is absent in formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3), and nucleation is almost completed in FAPbI3 right after spin-coating. Interestingly, it is found that there is noticeable nuclei aggregation in Formamidinium (FA)-based perovskites even during the spin-coating process, which is usually only observed during the annealing in MAPbI3. Such aggregation is further promoted at a higher ambient temperature or in higher FA content. Instead of the general belief of stress release-induced crack formation, it is proposed that the origin of the cracks in FA-based perovskites is due to the aggregation-induced solute depletion effect. This work reveals the limiting factors for achieving high-quality FA-based perovskite films and helps to unlock the existing narrow processing window for future large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhuoqiong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Leyu Bi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Aoxi He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of New Energy and Low-carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhang Cheng
- School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, 21443, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Johnny C Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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14
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Zhang T, Qian F, Zhai Y, Li J, Wang L, Diao Z, Yuan S, Zheng H, Wang Y, Gong Y, Chen ZD, Li S. Ammonium Additive Engineering in Antisolvents for Improving Perovskite/Charge-Transport-Layer Interfaces toward Efficient Lead-Tin Alloyed Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:13763-13772. [PMID: 38379180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Although significant advancements have been achieved in lead-tin (Pb-Sn) alloyed perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their power conversion efficiency (PCE) remains inferior to that of their Pb-based counterparts, primarily due to higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) losses and lower fill factors (FFs). Herein, we report both perovskite top and bottom interfacial improvements by incorporating a facile fluorophenylethylammonium iodide (p-FPEAI)/ethyl acetate (EA) solution during the film crystal growth. Based on the analysis of perovskite crystallization, film growth, and strain relaxation, the mechanisms behind these interfacial improvements have been well understood. Furthermore, p-FPEAI could reduce the defect density and nonradiative recombination losses, thus attributing to the improved Voc and FF. Finally, the treated device achieved a PCE of 20.14% with a Voc of up to 0.84 V, which is among the highest reported values so far for Pb-Sn alloyed PSCs without additional precursor additives. In addition, the unencapsulated p-FPEAI-treated device maintained its initial efficiency of approximately 92% after being kept in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 month, in contrast to the control device which retained only 30% of its initial value. Our findings provide a comprehension for understanding the effect of bulky cations as antisolvents on fabricating highly efficient Pb-Sn alloyed perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yahui Zhai
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zecheng Diao
- College of Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shihao Yuan
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hualin Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- College of Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanli Gong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhi David Chen
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Shibin Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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15
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Jiang N, Ma G, Song D, Qiao B, Liang Z, Xu Z, Wageh S, Al-Ghamdi A, Zhao S. Defects in lead halide perovskite light-emitting diodes under electric field: from behavior to passivation strategies. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3838-3880. [PMID: 38329288 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are emerging semiconductor materials for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) owing to their unique structure and superior optoelectronic properties. However, defects that initiate degradation of LHPs through external stimuli and prompt internal ion migration at the interfaces remain a significant challenge. The electric field (EF), which is a fundamental driving force in LED operation, complicates the role of these defects in the physical and chemical properties of LHPs. A deeper understanding of EF-induced defect behavior is crucial for optimizing the LED performance. In this review, the origins and characterization of defects are explored, indicating the influence of EF-induced defect dynamics on LED performance and stability. A comprehensive overview of recent defect passivation approaches for LHP bulk films and nanocrystals (NCs) is also provided. Given the ubiquity of EF, a summary of the EF-induced defect behavior can enhance the performance of perovskite LEDs and related optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Guoquan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Bo Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhiqin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Swelm Wageh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
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16
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Zhang J, Li Z, Wang P, Wang M, Qi Z, Yin Y, Ma H, Liu J, Wang R, Tian W, Cai R, Jin S, Jiang X, Shi Y. Diffusion-Controlled Crystal Engineering with Diverse Antisolvent Intervention for the Preparation of High-Quality Hybrid Perovskite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:476-484. [PMID: 38155099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Antisolvent engineering is routinely used to modulate the crystallization of perovskite films as they can offer an additional driving force for nucleation. Actually, the intervention of antisolvent into nucleation is thought to involve some relatively fast and complex processes, which, however, are not fully understood so far. Here, the diffusion of the organic amine cation FA+ (one dominated precursor) and its distribution in a spin-coating process in different antisolvents is simulated by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. It is suggested that a moderate diffusion rate (like that in the case of toluene as an antisolvent) not only enables to form a very uniform distribution of FA+ ions on the substrate, beneficial to the uniform nucleation of the intermediate phase, but also can balance the nucleation and growth rates of the intermediate phase, thereby suppressing undesired heterogeneous nucleation and growth. Results show that the perovskite film fabricated using toluene as an antisolvent has a high quality, based on which higher power conversion efficiencies of up to 24.32% are achieved for perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhengtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Minhuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhibo Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanfeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hongru Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ruiting Wang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shengye Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaobin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yantao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
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17
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Zou Y, Bai X, Kahmann S, Dai L, Yuan S, Yin S, Heger JE, Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV, Chen CC, Zhang J, Stranks SD, Friend RH, Müller-Buschbaum P. A Practical Approach Toward Highly Reproducible and High-Quality Perovskite Films Based on an Aging Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307024. [PMID: 37739404 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Solution processing of hybrid perovskite semiconductors is a highly promising approach for the fabrication of cost-effective electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, challenges with this approach lie in overcoming the controllability of the perovskite film morphology and the reproducibility of device efficiencies. Here, a facile and practical aging treatment (AT) strategy is reported to modulate the perovskite crystal growth to produce sufficiently high-quality perovskite thin films with improved homogeneity and full-coverage morphology. The resulting AT-films exhibit fewer defects, faster charge carrier transfer/extraction, and suppressed non-radiative recombination compared with reference. The AT-devices achieve a noticeable improvement in the reproducibility, operational stability, and photovoltaic performance of devices, with the average efficiency increased by 16%. It also demonstrates the feasibility and scalability of AT strategy in optimizing the film morphology and device performance for other perovskite components including MAPbI3 , (MAPbBr3 )15 (FAPbI3 )85 , and Cs0.05 (MAPbBr3 )0.17 (FAPbI3 )0.83 . This method opens an effective avenue to improve the quality of perovskite films and photovoltaic devices in a scalable and reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zou
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Xinyu Bai
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Simon Kahmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Linjie Dai
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Julian E Heger
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Chun-Chao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Samuel D Stranks
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Richard H Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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18
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Liang X, Singh M, Wang F, Fong PWK, Ren Z, Zhou X, Wan X, Sutter‐Fella CM, Shi Y, Lin H, Zhu Q, Li G, Hu H. Thiol-Functionalized Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Photovoltaics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305572. [PMID: 37943024 PMCID: PMC10811498 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated recently in perovskite photovoltaics owing to their potential to boost optoelectronic performance and device stability. However, the impact of variations in the MOF side chain on perovskite characteristics and the mechanism of MOF/perovskite film formation remains unclear. In this study, three nanoscale thiol-functionalized UiO-66-type Zr-based MOFs (UiO-66-(SH)2 , UiO-66-MSA, and UiO-66-DMSA) are systematically employed and examined in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among these MOFs, UiO-66-(SH)2 , with its rigid organic ligands, exhibited a strong interaction with perovskite materials with more efficient suppression of perovskite vacancy defects. More importantly, A detailed and in-depth discussion is provided on the formation mechanism of UiO-66-(SH)2 -assisted perovskite film upon in situ GIWAXS performed during the annealing process. The incorporation of UiO-66-(SH)2 additives substantially facilitates the conversion of PbI2 into the perovskite phase, prolongs the duration of stage I, and induces a delayed phase transformation pathway. Consequently, the UiO-66-(SH)2 -assisted device demonstrates reduced defect density and superior optoelectronic properties with optimized power conversion efficiency of 24.09% and enhanced long-term stability under ambient environment and continuous light illumination conditions. This study acts as a helpful design guide for desired MOF/perovskite structures, enabling further advancements in MOF/perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen518055China
| | - Mriganka Singh
- Molecular Foundry DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen518055China
| | - Patrick W. K Fong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research InstituteGuangdongShenzhen518057China
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research InstituteGuangdongShenzhen518057China
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Xianfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen518055China
| | - Xuejuan Wan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
| | | | - Yumeng Shi
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen518055China
| | - Quanyao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
| | - Gang Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research InstituteGuangdongShenzhen518057China
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Hanlin Hu
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced MaterialsShenzhen Polytechnic7098 Liuxian BoulevardShenzhen518055China
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19
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Yin L, Huang W, Fang J, Ding Z, Jin C, Du Y, Lang L, Yang T, Wang S, Cai W, Liu C, Zhao G, Yang Y, Liu SF, Bu T, Zhao K. Crystallization Control for Ambient Printed FA-Based Lead Triiodide Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303384. [PMID: 37572021 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Upscalable printing of high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is highly desired for commercialization. However, the efficiencies of printed PSCs lag behind those of their lab-scale spin-coated counterparts owing to the lack of systematic understanding and control over perovskite crystallization dynamics. Here, the controlled crystallization dynamics achieved using an additive 1-butylpyridine tetrafluoroborate (BPyBF4 ) for high-quality ambient printed α-formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3 ) perovskite films are reported. Using in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and optical diagnostics, the spontaneous formation of α-FAPbI3 from precursors during printing without the involvement of δ-FAPbI3 is demonstrated. The addition of BPyBF4 delays the crystallization onset of α-FAPbI3 , enhances the conversion from sol-gel to perovskite, and reduces stacking defects during printing. Therefore, the altered crystallization results in fewer voids, larger grains, and less trap-induced recombination loss within printed films. The printed PSCs yield high power conversion efficiencies of 23.50% and 21.60% for a 0.09 cm-2 area device and a 5 cm × 5 cm-area module, respectively. Improved device stability is further demonstrated, i.e., approximately 94% of the initial efficiency is retained for over 2400 h under ambient conditions without encapsulation. This study provides an effective crystallization control method for the ambient printing manufacture of large-area high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Junjie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chengkai Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yachao Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lei Lang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Tinghuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Weilun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Guangtao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Tongle Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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20
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Niu X, Li N, Cui Z, Li L, Pei F, Lan Y, Song Q, Du Y, Dou J, Bao Z, Wang L, Liu H, Li K, Zhang X, Huang Z, Wang L, Zhou W, Yuan G, Chen Y, Zhou H, Zhu C, Liu G, Bai Y, Chen Q. Anion Confinement for Homogeneous Mixed Halide Perovskite Film Growth by Electrospray. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305822. [PMID: 37565713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Wide-bandgap perovskites are promising absorbers for state-of-the-art tandem solar cells to feasibly surpass Shockley-Queisser limit with low cost. However, the commonly used mixed halide perovskites suffer from poor stability; particularly, photoinduced phase segregation. Electrospray deposition is developed to bridge the gap of growth rate between iodide and bromide components during film growth by spatially confining the anion diffusion and eliminating the kinetic difference, which universally improves the initial homogeneity of perovskite films regardless of device architectures. It thus promotes the efficiency and stability of corresponding solar cells based on wide-bandgap (1.68 eV) absorbers. Remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 21.44% and 20.77% are achieved in 0.08 cm2 and 1.0 cm2 devices, respectively. In addition, these devices maintain 90% of their initial PCE after 1550 h of stabilized power output (SPO) tracking upon one sun irradiation (LED) at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Niu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Nengxu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fengtao Pei
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yisha Lan
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qizhen Song
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yujiang Du
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing Dou
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoboxun Bao
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huifen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yuan
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Liu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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21
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Wang S, Yang T, Yang Y, Du Y, Huang W, Cheng L, Li H, Wang P, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ma C, Liu P, Zhao G, Ding Z, Liu SF, Zhao K. In Situ Self-Elimination of Defects via Controlled Perovskite Crystallization Dynamics for High-Performance Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305314. [PMID: 37652150 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling crystallization is crucial for high-quality perovskite films and efficient solar cells. Herein, the issue of defects in formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3 ) formation is addressed, focusing on the role of intermediates. A comprehensive picture of structural and carrier evolution during crystallization is demonstrated using in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Three crystallization stages are identified: precursors to the δ-FAPbI3 intermediate, then to α-FAPbI3 , where defects spontaneously emerge. A hydrogen-sulfate-based ionic liquid additive is found to enable the phase-conversion pathway of precursors → solvated intermediates → α-FAPbI3 , during which the spontaneous generation of δ-FAPbI3 can be effectively circumvented. This additive extends the initial growth kinetics and facilitates solvent-FA+ ion exchange, which results in the self-elimination of defects during crystallization. Therefore, the improved crystallization dynamics lead to larger grain sizes and fewer defects within thin films. Ultimately, the improved perovskite crystallization dynamics enable high-performance solar cells, achieving impressive efficiencies of 25.14% at 300 K and 26.12% at 240 K. This breakthrough might open up a new era of application for the emerging perovskite photovoltaic technology to low-temperature environments such as near-space and polar regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Tinghuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201204, Shanghai, China
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yachao Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Liwei Cheng
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201204, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojin Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengchi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangtao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy; iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices;, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China
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22
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Zeng Z, Wang Y, Xie YM, Zhu Z, Yang Y, Ma Y, Hao X, Lee CS, Cheng Y, Tsang SW. On the Ion Coordination and Crystallization of Metal Halide Perovskites by In Situ Dynamic Optical Probing. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2300899. [PMID: 37749953 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the crystallization to achieve high-quality homogeneous perovskite film is the key strategy in developing perovskite electronic devices. Here, an in situ dynamic optical probing technique is demonstrated that can monitor the fast crystallization of perovskites and effectively minimize the influence of laser excitation during the measurement. This study finds that the typical static probing technique would damage and induce phase segregation in the perovskite films during the excitation. These issues can be effectively resolved with the dynamic probing approach. It also found that the crystallization between MAPbI3 and MAPbI2 Br is strikingly different. In particular, MAPbI2 Br suffers from inefficient nucleation during the spin-coating that strongly affects the uniform crystal growth in the annealing process. The commonly used pre-heating process is found at a lower temperature not only can further promote the nucleation but also to complete the crystallization of MAPbI2 Br. The role of further annealing at a higher temperature is to facilitate ion-dissociation on the crystal surface to form a passivation layer to stabilize the MAPbI2 Br lattices. The device performance is strongly correlated with the film formation mechanism derived from the in situ results. This work demonstrates that the in situ technique can provide deep insight into the crystallization mechanism, and help to understand the growth mechanism of perovskites with different compositions and dimensionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Super-Diamond and Advance Films (COSDAF), Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Super-Diamond and Advance Films (COSDAF), Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yue-Min Xie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advance Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yajie Yang
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yuhui Ma
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xia Hao
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advance Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanhang Cheng
- School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, 21443, China
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Super-Diamond and Advance Films (COSDAF), Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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23
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Coffey AH, Slack J, Cornell E, Yang LL, Anderson K, Wang K, Dou L, Zhu C. In situ spin coater for multimodal grazing incidence x-ray scattering studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:093906. [PMID: 37756552 DOI: 10.1063/5.0159297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We present herein a custom-made, in situ, multimodal spin coater system with an integrated heating stage that can be programmed with spinning and heating recipes and that is coupled with synchrotron-based, grazing-incidence wide- and small-angle x-ray scattering. The spin coating system features an adaptable experimental chamber, with the ability to house multiple ancillary probes such as photoluminescence and visible optical cameras, to allow for true multimodal characterization and correlated data analysis. This system enables monitoring of structural evolutions such as perovskite crystallization and polymer self-assembly across a broad length scale (2 Å-150 nm) with millisecond temporal resolution throughout a complete thin film fabrication process. The use of this spin coating system allows scientists to gain a deeper understanding of temporal processes of a material system, to develop ideal conditions for thin film manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan H Coffey
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Jonathan Slack
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Earl Cornell
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Lee L Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kevan Anderson
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kang Wang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Letian Dou
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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24
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Zuo W, Byranvand MM, Kodalle T, Zohdi M, Lim J, Carlsen B, Magorian Friedlmeier T, Kot M, Das C, Flege JI, Zong W, Abate A, Sutter-Fella CM, Li M, Saliba M. Coordination Chemistry as a Universal Strategy for a Controlled Perovskite Crystallization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302889. [PMID: 37312254 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The most efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are made from a complex mixture of precursors. Typically, to then form a thin film, an extreme oversaturation of the perovskite precursor is initiated to trigger nucleation sites, e.g., by vacuum, an airstream, or a so-called antisolvent. Unfortunately, most oversaturation triggers do not expel the lingering (and highly coordinating) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is used as a precursor solvent, from the thin films; this detrimentally affects long-term stability. In this work, (the green) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is introduced as a novel nucleation trigger for perovskite films combining, uniquely, high coordination and high vapor pressure. This gives DMS a universal scope: DMS replaces other solvents by coordinating more strongly and removes itself once the film formation is finished. To demonstrate this novel coordination chemistry approach, MAPbI3 PSCs are processed, typically dissolved in hard-to-remove (and green) DMSO achieving 21.6% efficiency, among the highest reported efficiencies for this system. To confirm the universality of the strategy, DMS is tested for FAPbI3 as another composition, which shows higher efficiency of 23.5% compared to 20.9% for a device fabricated with chlorobenzene. This work provides a universal strategy to control perovskite crystallization using coordination chemistry, heralding the revival of perovskite compositions with pure DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zuo
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tim Kodalle
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Mohammadreza Zohdi
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jaekeun Lim
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brian Carlsen
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Magorian Friedlmeier
- Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Meitnerstrasse 1, 70563, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Kot
- Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Zuse-Strasse 1, 03046, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Chittaranjan Das
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jan Ingo Flege
- Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Zuse-Strasse 1, 03046, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Wansheng Zong
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonio Abate
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, pzz.le Vincenzo Tecchio 80, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Carolin M Sutter-Fella
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Meng Li
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Michael Saliba
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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25
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Shin S, Seo S, Jeong S, Sharbirin AS, Kim J, Ahn H, Park NG, Shin H. Kinetic-Controlled Crystallization of α-FAPbI 3 Inducing Preferred Crystallographic Orientation Enhances Photovoltaic Performance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300798. [PMID: 36994651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization kinetic controls the crystallographic orientation, inducing anisotropic properties of the materials. As a result, preferential orientation with advanced optoelectronic properties can enhance the photovoltaic devices' performance. Although incorporation of additives is one of the most studied methods to stabilize the photoactive α-phase of formamidinium lead tri-iodide (α-FAPbI3 ), no studies focus on how the additives affect the crystallization kinetics. Along with the role of methylammonium chloride (MACl) as a "stabilizer" in the formation of α-FAPbI3 , herein, the additional role as a "controller" in the crystallization kinetics is pointed out. With microscopic observations, for example, electron backscatter diffraction and selected area electron diffraction, it is examined that higher concentration of MACl induces slower crystallization kinetics, resulting in larger grain size and [100] preferred orientation. Optoelectronic properties of [100] preferentially oriented grains with less non-radiative recombination, a longer lifetime of charge carriers, and lower photocurrent deviations in between each grain induce higher short-circuit current density (Jsc ) and fill factor. Resulting MACl40 mol% attains the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.1%. The results provide observations of a direct correlation between the crystallographic orientation and device performance as it highlights the importance of crystallization kinetics resulting in desirable microstructures for device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooeun Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongrok Seo
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Seonghwa Jeong
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Anir S Sharbirin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Republic of Korea
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26
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Li Y, Li Y, Heger JE, Zhou J, Guan T, Everett CR, Wei W, Hong Z, Wu Y, Jiang X, Yin S, Yang X, Li D, Jiang C, Sun B, Müller-Buschbaum P. Revealing Surface and Interface Evolution of Molybdenum Nitride as Carrier-Selective Contacts for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:13753-13760. [PMID: 36877864 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum nitride (MoNx) was perceived as carrier-selective contacts (CSCs) for crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells due to having proper work functions and excellent conductivities. However, the poor passivation and non-Ohmic contact at the c-Si/MoNx interface endow an inferior hole selectivity. Here, the surface, interface, and bulk structures of MoNx films are systematically investigated by X-ray scattering, surface spectroscopy, and electron microscope analysis to reveal the carrier-selective features. Surface layers with the composition of MoO2.51N0.21 form upon air exposure, which induces the overestimated work function and explains the origin of inferior hole selectivities. The c-Si/MoNx interface is confirmed to adopt long-term stability, providing guidance for designing stable CSCs. A detailed evolution of the scattering length density, domain sizes, and crystallinity in the bulk phase is presented to elucidate its superior conductivity. These multiscale structural investigations offer a clear structure-function correlation of MoNx films, providing key inspiration for developing excellent CSCs for c-Si solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Yuxiong Li
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Julian E Heger
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jungui Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tianfu Guan
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christopher R Everett
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Wei Wei
- Nano-X, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Hong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanfei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Shanshan Yin
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Xinbo Yang
- College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Key Lab of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), 99 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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27
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Li N, Pratap S, Körstgens V, Vema S, Song L, Liang S, Davydok A, Krywka C, Müller-Buschbaum P. Mapping structure heterogeneities and visualizing moisture degradation of perovskite films with nano-focus WAXS. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6701. [PMID: 36335119 PMCID: PMC9637205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive attention has focused on the structure optimization of perovskites, whereas rare research has mapped the structure heterogeneity within mixed hybrid perovskite films. Overlooked aspects include material and structure variations as a function of depth. These depth-dependent local structure heterogeneities dictate their long-term stabilities and efficiencies. Here, we use a nano-focused wide-angle X-ray scattering method for the mapping of film heterogeneities over several micrometers across lateral and vertical directions. The relative variations of characteristic perovskite peak positions show that the top film region bears the tensile strain. Through a texture orientation map of the perovskite (100) peak, we find that the perovskite grains deposited by sequential spray-coating grow along the vertical direction. Moreover, we investigate the moisture-induced degradation products in the perovskite film, and the underlying mechanism for its structure-dependent degradation. The moisture degradation along the lateral direction primarily initiates at the perovskite-air interface and grain boundaries. The tensile strain on the top surface has a profound influence on the moisture degradation. Understanding the correlation between moisture degradation and structural features of perovskite films is essential to improve their stability. Here, the authors apply nano-focused wide-angle X-ray scattering to map the heterogeneities over several micrometers across lateral and vertical directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Li
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Shambhavi Pratap
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Volker Körstgens
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sundeep Vema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Lin Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) and Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Youyixilu 127, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Suzhe Liang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Anton Davydok
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Christina Krywka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Zentrum, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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28
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Control of perovskite film crystallization and growth direction to target homogeneous monolithic structures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6655. [PMCID: PMC9636165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGetting performant organo-metal halide perovskite films for various application remains challenging. Here, we show the behavior of solvent and perovskite elements for four different perovskites families and nine different initial precursor solution systems in the case of the most popular preparation process which includes an anti-solvent dripping-assisted spin coating of a precursor solution and a subsequent thermal annealing. We show how the initial solution composition affects, first, the film formed by spin coating and anti-solvent dripping and, second, the processes occurring upon thermal annealing, including crystal domain evolution and the grain growth mechanism. We propose a universal typology which distinguishes three types for the growth direction of perovskite crystals: downward (Type I), upward (Type II) and lateral (Type III). The latter results in large, monolithic grains and we show that this mode must be targeted for the preparation of efficient perovskite light absorber thin films of solar cells.
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29
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Özeren MD, Pekker Á, Kamarás K, Botka B. Evaluation of surface passivating solvents for single and mixed halide perovskites. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28853-28861. [PMID: 36320540 PMCID: PMC9552863 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04278a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface passivation is one of the commonly used approaches to reduce the density of defects on the surfaces and interfaces hindering the performance and stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices. Although surface passivation leads to performance improvement for the targeted devices, details of the complex intermolecular interactions occurring between the molecules and perovskites are not entirely known. Here, we investigated a variety of commonly used solvents in the post-processing of perovskites by using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy on single and mixed halide perovskites (MAPbI3, MAPbBr3 and MAPb(Br0.5I0.5)3). Our results show that solvents with medium and low Gutmann donor and acceptor numbers provide PL intensity increase for both single halide perovskites by passivating the surface defect sites. Among the single halide perovskites, MAPbBr3 is more attracted to hydrogen bonding solvents, in contrast to MAPbI3 that is preferred by Lewis bases. This halide selective attraction also has an influence on the mixed-halide composition. Identifying these interaction mechanisms provides new insights into passivating the surface of perovskites for future device design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Derya Özeren
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for PhysicsKonkoly Thege u. 29-33H-1121 BudapestHungary,Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp. 3H-1111 BudapestHungary
| | - Áron Pekker
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for PhysicsKonkoly Thege u. 29-33H-1121 BudapestHungary
| | - Katalin Kamarás
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for PhysicsKonkoly Thege u. 29-33H-1121 BudapestHungary
| | - Bea Botka
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for PhysicsKonkoly Thege u. 29-33H-1121 BudapestHungary
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30
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Wu L, Hua X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xue X, Deng H, Luo Z, Zhang Y. Aggregation-based phase transition tailored heterophase junctions of AgInS 2 for boosting photocatalytic H 2 evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:721-730. [PMID: 36027782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to high defect tolerance and multiphase allowance, AgInS2 (AIS) quantum dots (QDs) provide chances for designing new type junctions via tailoring defects, size, or phase structure. These new type junctions potentially enhance photoelectric performance, such as photocatalytic H2 evolution (PHE). Here, ultra-small AIS QDs (∼1 nm) with well-defined exciton absorption were prepared aqueously via a reverse hot-injection procedure for the first time. A coalescence or fast aggregation-based growth was observed for coarsening at 95 or 135 ℃, respectively. XRD and TEM investigations revealed that the tetragonal-orthorhombic (t-o) phase transition occurred via aggregation-based growth. The studies on phase transition kinetics resulted in fine-tailoring on AIS polymorphs, favoring t-o AIS junctions. UV-vis absorption spectra confirm the double absorption edge of the t-o heterophase junction with enhanced visible absorption. Steady and transient PL spectra suggest improvements in carriers' separation/transfer in this t-o junction. As a result, the optimized t-o AIS shows superior photocatalytic H2 evolution rates of 1022 μmol. g-1. h-1, 51.1 times that of t-AIS or 3.8 times that of o-AIS. This work is expected to provide new insight for designing ternary alloyed QDs with strongly coupled interfaces for effective H2 generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhao Hua
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China; School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Honggao Deng
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Barrit D, Tang MC, Munir R, Li R, Zhao K, Smilgies DM. Processing of Lead Halide Perovskite Thin Films Studied with In-Situ Real-Time X-ray Scattering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:26315-26326. [PMID: 35639827 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have been of paramount interest for solution-processable solar cells, reaching power conversion efficiencies larger than 25%. In this spotlight, we will provide a systematic overview of the influence of different solution-based processing routes of lead halide perovskites on their phase transformation and conversion as revealed through in-situ X-ray-scattering experiments. These experiments were performed in conditions closely mimicking thin film processing methods and conditions used for thin film solar cell device fabrication and therefore provide critical information about the mechanism of the phase transformation, its onset, the kinetics, as well as the emergence and disappearance of various (meso)phases along the way. The measurements capture the overall solidification and conversion process of lead halide perovskite inks into solid films via so-called one-step and two-step spin-coating processes as well as blade coating and hot casting. Processing routes are applied to films based on basic components as well as mixtures of different anions and cations, solvents, and antisolvents, all of which deeply affect the thin film microstructure and morphology of the light-absorbing semiconductor and associated solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Barrit
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Perovskite and Novel Photovoltaic Technologies Group, Green Energy Park (IRESEN/UM6P), Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Ming-Chun Tang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahim Munir
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ruipeng Li
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Detlef-M Smilgies
- Center for Advanced Microelectronics Manufacturing and Materials Science and Engineering Program, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
- R. F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Liang Q, Liu K, Sun M, Ren Z, Fong PWK, Huang J, Qin M, Wu Z, Shen D, Lee CS, Hao J, Lu X, Huang B, Li G. Manipulating Crystallization Kinetics in High-Performance Blade-Coated Perovskite Solar Cells via Cosolvent-Assisted Phase Transition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200276. [PMID: 35285101 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the perovskite solidification process, including nucleation and crystal growth, plays a critical role in controlling film morphology and thus affects the resultant device performance. In this work, a facile and effective ethyl alcohol (EtOH) cosolvent strategy is demonstrated with the incorporation of EtOH into perovskite ink for high-performance room-temperature blade-coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules. Systematic real-time perovskite crystallization studies uncover the delicate perovskite structural evolutions and phase-transition pathway. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations both demonstrate that EtOH in the mixed-solvent system significantly promotes the formation of an FA-based precursor solvate (FA2 PbBr4 ·DMSO) during the trace-solvent-assisted transition process, which finely regulates the balance between nucleation and crystal growth to guarantee high-quality perovskite films. This strategy efficiently suppresses nonradiative recombination and improves efficiencies in both 1.54 (23.19%) and 1.60 eV (22.51%) perovskite systems, which represents one of the highest records for blade-coated PSCs in both small-area devices and minimodules. An excellent VOC deficit as low as 335 mV in the 1.54 eV perovskite system, coincident with the measured nonradiative recombination loss of only 77 mV, is achieved. More importantly, significantly enhanced device stability is another signature of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Mingzi Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick W K Fong
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zehan Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
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Kang DH, Ma C, Park NG. Antiseptic Povidone-Iodine Heals the Grain Boundary of Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:8984-8991. [PMID: 35138794 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Povidone, also know as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), is used as a reservoir for iodine, and the povidone-iodine (PVP-I) complex has antiseptic properties for wound healing by releasing iodine. In this report, we utilized this unique characteristic of PVP-I to heal the photovoltaic parameters of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). PVP-I was added in the perovskite precursor solution, where the effect of the PVP-I concentration on the photovoltaic performance was investigated. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSC was enhanced from 20.73% to 22.59% by addition of 0.1 mg/mL PVP-I, mainly due to an improved fill factor from 0.76 to 0.80 together with a slight increase in current density. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the grain boundaries were passivated by PVP-I. Conductive atomic force microscopy combined with time-resolved photoluminesence and space charge-limited current studies showed that the addition of PVP-I decreased the defect density of the perovskite film together and enhanced the film conductivity. Furthermore, better stability was observed from the PVP-I-treated PSCs than the control device without the additive, which is probably owing to the grain boundary healing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Chunqing Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Zheng H, Dong X, Wu W, Liu G, Pan X. Multifunctional Heterocyclic-Based Spacer Cation for Efficient and Stable 2D/3D Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9183-9191. [PMID: 35147021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite materials have shown the enormous potential to achieve both efficient and stable photovoltaic devices for commercial applications. Unfortunately, the single function of spacer cations limits their further improvements in efficiency to reach values as high as those of 3D perovskites. Herein, we developed a new-type multifunctional heterocyclic-based spacer cation of 2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (MTIm+) to achieve a synchronous improvement of efficiency and stability for 2D/3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Owing to the presence of special chemical groups (imidazole and methylthio), strong interactions have been found between MTIm+ and the 3D perovskite component, leading to an excellent passivation effect. More important, at the initial stage of crystallization, uniform nucleation distribution would be generated around the spacer cation, which is helpful for improved crystallinity and reduced growth defects. The smaller layer space compared to that of cations based on aromatic hydrocarbons caused effective carrier transfer between inorganic layers in 2D/3D perovskites. As a result, the 2D/3D (n = 30) PSCs based on MTIm exhibit a champion PCE up to 21.25% with a high Voc of 1.14 V. Besides, the 2D/3D perovskite devices have realized dramatically enhanced humidity and thermal stability, maintaining 94% of the starting PCE enduring aging at about 50% RH for 2880 h and at 85 °C for 360 h, respectively. We believe that it would provide a significant strategy to further promote the photovoltaic performances and the long-term stability of 2D/3D perovskite devices toward future practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zheng
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xinhe Dong
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
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