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Ehring K, Ehlers SF, Froese J, Gude F, Puschmann J, Grobe K. Two-way Dispatched function in Sonic hedgehog shedding and transfer to high-density lipoproteins. eLife 2024; 12:RP86920. [PMID: 39297609 PMCID: PMC11412720 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway controls embryonic development and tissue homeostasis after birth. This requires regulated solubilization of dual-lipidated, firmly plasma membrane-associated Shh precursors from producing cells. Although it is firmly established that the resistance-nodulation-division transporter Dispatched (Disp) drives this process, it is less clear how lipidated Shh solubilization from the plasma membrane is achieved. We have previously shown that Disp promotes proteolytic solubilization of Shh from its lipidated terminal peptide anchors. This process, termed shedding, converts tightly membrane-associated hydrophobic Shh precursors into delipidated soluble proteins. We show here that Disp-mediated Shh shedding is modulated by a serum factor that we identify as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In addition to serving as a soluble sink for free membrane cholesterol, HDLs also accept the cholesterol-modified Shh peptide from Disp. The cholesteroylated Shh peptide is necessary and sufficient for Disp-mediated transfer because artificially cholesteroylated mCherry associates with HDL in a Disp-dependent manner, whereas an N-palmitoylated Shh variant lacking C-cholesterol does not. Disp-mediated Shh transfer to HDL is completed by proteolytic processing of the palmitoylated N-terminal membrane anchor. In contrast to dual-processed soluble Shh with moderate bioactivity, HDL-associated N-processed Shh is highly bioactive. We propose that the purpose of generating different soluble forms of Shh from the dual-lipidated precursor is to tune cellular responses in a tissue-type and time-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ehring
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | | | - Jurij Froese
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Fabian Gude
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Janna Puschmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Kay Grobe
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
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Lavillaureix A, Rollier P, Kim A, Panasenkava V, De Tayrac M, Carré W, Guyodo H, Faoucher M, Poirel E, Akloul L, Quélin C, Whalen S, Bos J, Broekema M, van Hagen JM, Grand K, Allen-Sharpley M, Magness E, McLean SD, Kayserili H, Altunoglu U, En Qi Chong A, Xue S, Jeanne M, Almontashiri N, Habhab W, Vanlerberghe C, Faivre L, Viora-Dupont E, Philippe C, Safraou H, Laffargue F, Mittendorf L, Abou Jamra R, Patil SJ, Dalal A, Sarma AS, Keren B, Reversade B, Dubourg C, Odent S, Dupé V. DISP1 deficiency: Monoallelic and biallelic variants cause a spectrum of midline craniofacial malformations. Genet Med 2024; 26:101126. [PMID: 38529886 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE DISP1 encodes a transmembrane protein that regulates the secretion of the morphogen, Sonic hedgehog, a deficiency of which is a major cause of holoprosencephaly (HPE). This disorder covers a spectrum of brain and midline craniofacial malformations. The objective of the present study was to better delineate the clinical phenotypes associated with division transporter dispatched-1 (DISP1) variants. METHODS This study was based on the identification of at least 1 pathogenic variant of the DISP1 gene in individuals for whom detailed clinical data were available. RESULTS A total of 23 DISP1 variants were identified in heterozygous, compound heterozygous or homozygous states in 25 individuals with midline craniofacial defects. Most cases were minor forms of HPE, with craniofacial features such as orofacial cleft, solitary median maxillary central incisor, and congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis. These individuals had either monoallelic loss-of-function variants or biallelic missense variants in DISP1. In individuals with severe HPE, the DISP1 variants were commonly found associated with a variant in another HPE-linked gene (ie, oligogenic inheritance). CONCLUSION The genetic findings we have acquired demonstrate a significant involvement of DISP1 variants in the phenotypic spectrum of midline defects. This underlines its importance as a crucial element in the efficient secretion of Sonic hedgehog. We also demonstrated that the very rare solitary median maxillary central incisor and congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis combination is part of the DISP1-related phenotype. The present study highlights the clinical risks to be flagged up during genetic counseling after the discovery of a pathogenic DISP1 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alinoë Lavillaureix
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Paul Rollier
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Artem Kim
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France; Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Veranika Panasenkava
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marie De Tayrac
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France; Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Wilfrid Carré
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France; Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Hélène Guyodo
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Faoucher
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France; Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Elisabeth Poirel
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Linda Akloul
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Chloé Quélin
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sandra Whalen
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital Trousseau & Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Bos
- Department of Human Genetics, Section Clinical Genetic, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjoleine Broekema
- Department of Human Genetics, Section Clinical Genetic, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M van Hagen
- Department of Human Genetics, Section Clinical Genetic, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katheryn Grand
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Emily Magness
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Scott D McLean
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Division of Clinical Genetics, Christus Children's, San Antonio, TX
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Angie En Qi Chong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shifeng Xue
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Médéric Jeanne
- Service de Génétique, FHU GenOMedS, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France; UMR1253, iBrain, Inserm, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Naif Almontashiri
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wisam Habhab
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France; Genetics of Developmental Disorders, INSERM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Eléonore Viora-Dupont
- Genetics of Developmental Disorders, INSERM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Hana Safraou
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France; Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Fanny Laffargue
- CHU Clermont Ferrand, Service de Génétique Clinique, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Luisa Mittendorf
- Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Ashwin Dalal
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Asodu Sandeep Sarma
- Diagnostics Division, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique Médicale, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Therapeutics, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A∗STAR, Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Disease, Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Laboratory of Human Genetics and Therapeutics Smart-Health Initiative, BESE, KAUST, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France; Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN-ITHACA, FHU GenOMedS, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Dupé
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)-UMR 6290, Rennes, France.
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Ehlers SF, Manikowski D, Steffes G, Ehring K, Gude F, Grobe K. A Residual N-Terminal Peptide Enhances Signaling of Depalmitoylated Hedgehog to the Patched Receptor. J Dev Biol 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38651456 PMCID: PMC11036296 DOI: 10.3390/jdb12020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During their biosynthesis, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) morphogens are covalently modified by cholesterol at the C-terminus and palmitate at the N-terminus. Although both lipids initially anchor Shh to the plasma membrane of producing cells, it later translocates to the extracellular compartment to direct developmental fates in cells expressing the Patched (Ptch) receptor. Possible release mechanisms for dually lipidated Hh/Shh into the extracellular compartment are currently under intense debate. In this paper, we describe the serum-dependent conversion of the dually lipidated cellular precursor into a soluble cholesteroylated variant (ShhC) during its release. Although ShhC is formed in a Dispatched- and Scube2-dependent manner, suggesting the physiological relevance of the protein, the depalmitoylation of ShhC during release is inconsistent with the previously postulated function of N-palmitate in Ptch receptor binding and signaling. Therefore, we analyzed the potency of ShhC to induce Ptch-controlled target cell transcription and differentiation in Hh-sensitive reporter cells and in the Drosophila eye. In both experimental systems, we found that ShhC was highly bioactive despite the absence of the N-palmitate. We also found that the artificial removal of N-terminal peptides longer than eight amino acids inactivated the depalmitoylated soluble proteins in vitro and in the developing Drosophila eye. These results demonstrate that N-depalmitoylated ShhC requires an N-peptide of a defined minimum length for its signaling function to Ptch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia F. Ehlers
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.F.E.); (D.M.); (K.E.); (F.G.)
| | - Dominique Manikowski
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.F.E.); (D.M.); (K.E.); (F.G.)
| | - Georg Steffes
- Institute for Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Münster, Röntgenstrasse 16, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Kristina Ehring
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.F.E.); (D.M.); (K.E.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabian Gude
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.F.E.); (D.M.); (K.E.); (F.G.)
| | - Kay Grobe
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.F.E.); (D.M.); (K.E.); (F.G.)
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Hall ET, Dillard ME, Cleverdon ER, Zhang Y, Daly CA, Ansari SS, Wakefield R, Stewart DP, Pruett-Miller SM, Lavado A, Carisey AF, Johnson A, Wang YD, Selner E, Tanes M, Ryu YS, Robinson CG, Steinberg J, Ogden SK. Cytoneme signaling provides essential contributions to mammalian tissue patterning. Cell 2024; 187:276-293.e23. [PMID: 38171360 PMCID: PMC10842732 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
During development, morphogens pattern tissues by instructing cell fate across long distances. Directly visualizing morphogen transport in situ has been inaccessible, so the molecular mechanisms ensuring successful morphogen delivery remain unclear. To tackle this longstanding problem, we developed a mouse model for compromised sonic hedgehog (SHH) morphogen delivery and discovered that endocytic recycling promotes SHH loading into signaling filopodia called cytonemes. We optimized methods to preserve in vivo cytonemes for advanced microscopy and show endogenous SHH localized to cytonemes in developing mouse neural tubes. Depletion of SHH from neural tube cytonemes alters neuronal cell fates and compromises neurodevelopment. Mutation of the filopodial motor myosin 10 (MYO10) reduces cytoneme length and density, which corrupts neuronal signaling activity of both SHH and WNT. Combined, these results demonstrate that cytoneme-based signal transport provides essential contributions to morphogen dispersion during mammalian tissue development and suggest MYO10 is a key regulator of cytoneme function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Hall
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Miriam E Dillard
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Cleverdon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Christina A Daly
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shariq S Ansari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Randall Wakefield
- Cellular Imaging Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Daniel P Stewart
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alfonso Lavado
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alex F Carisey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Amanda Johnson
- Cellular Imaging Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Emma Selner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michael Tanes
- Center for In Vivo Imaging and Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Young Sang Ryu
- Center for In Vivo Imaging and Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Camenzind G Robinson
- Cellular Imaging Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jeffrey Steinberg
- Center for In Vivo Imaging and Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stacey K Ogden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Tippetts TS, Sieber MH, Solmonson A. Beyond energy and growth: the role of metabolism in developmental signaling, cell behavior and diapause. Development 2023; 150:dev201610. [PMID: 37883062 PMCID: PMC10652041 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism is crucial for development through supporting cell growth, energy production, establishing cell identity, developmental signaling and pattern formation. In many model systems, development occurs alongside metabolic transitions as cells differentiate and specialize in metabolism that supports new functions. Some cells exhibit metabolic flexibility to circumvent mutations or aberrant signaling, whereas other cell types require specific nutrients for developmental progress. Metabolic gradients and protein modifications enable pattern formation and cell communication. On an organism level, inadequate nutrients or stress can limit germ cell maturation, implantation and maturity through diapause, which slows metabolic activities until embryonic activation under improved environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S. Tippetts
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matthew H. Sieber
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Laboratory of Developmental Metabolism and Placental Biology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Zhang Y, Beachy PA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Hedgehog signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:668-687. [PMID: 36932157 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00591-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The Hedgehog signalling pathway has crucial roles in embryonic tissue patterning, postembryonic tissue regeneration, and cancer, yet aspects of Hedgehog signal transmission and reception have until recently remained unclear. Biochemical and structural studies surprisingly reveal a central role for lipids in Hedgehog signalling. The signal - Hedgehog protein - is modified by cholesterol and palmitate during its biogenesis, thereby necessitating specialized proteins such as the transporter Dispatched and several lipid-binding carriers for cellular export and receptor engagement. Additional lipid transactions mediate response to the Hedgehog signal, including sterol activation of the transducer Smoothened. Access of sterols to Smoothened is regulated by the apparent sterol transporter and Hedgehog receptor Patched, whose activity is blocked by Hedgehog binding. Alongside these lipid-centric mechanisms and their relevance to pharmacological pathway modulation, we discuss emerging roles of Hedgehog pathway activity in stem cells or their cellular niches, with translational implications for regeneration and restoration of injured or diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip A Beachy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Ligands of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway are paracrine signaling molecules that coordinate tissue development in metazoans. A remarkable feature of HH signaling is the repeated use of cholesterol in steps spanning ligand biogenesis, secretion, dispersal, and reception on target cells. A cholesterol molecule covalently attached to HH ligands is used as a molecular baton by transfer proteins to guide their secretion, spread, and reception. On target cells, a signaling circuit composed of a cholesterol transporter and sensor regulates transmission of HH signals across the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm. The repeated use of cholesterol in signaling supports the view that the HH pathway likely evolved by coopting ancient systems to regulate the abundance or organization of sterol-like lipids in membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Siebold
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
| | - Rajat Rohatgi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
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Sandoval L, Labarca M, Retamal C, Sánchez P, Larraín J, González A. Sonic hedgehog is basolaterally sorted from the TGN and transcytosed to the apical domain involving Dispatched-1 at Rab11-ARE. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833175. [PMID: 36568977 PMCID: PMC9768590 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog proteins (Hhs) secretion from apical and/or basolateral domains occurs in different epithelial cells impacting development and tissue homeostasis. Palmitoylation and cholesteroylation attach Hhs to membranes, and Dispatched-1 (Disp-1) promotes their release. How these lipidated proteins are handled by the complex secretory and endocytic pathways of polarized epithelial cells remains unknown. We show that polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells address newly synthesized sonic hedgehog (Shh) from the TGN to the basolateral cell surface and then to the apical domain through a transcytosis pathway that includes Rab11-apical recycling endosomes (Rab11-ARE). Both palmitoylation and cholesteroylation contribute to this sorting behavior, otherwise Shh lacking these lipid modifications is secreted unpolarized. Disp-1 mediates first basolateral secretion from the TGN and then transcytosis from Rab11-ARE. At the steady state, Shh predominates apically and can be basolaterally transcytosed. This Shh trafficking provides several steps for regulation and variation in different epithelia, subordinating the apical to the basolateral secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Sandoval
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Labarca
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Sánchez
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Larraín
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Alfonso González,
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Feng Z, Zhu S, Li W, Yao M, Song H, Wang RB. Current approaches and strategies to identify Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Huang P, Wierbowski BM, Lian T, Chan C, García-Linares S, Jiang J, Salic A. Structural basis for catalyzed assembly of the Sonic hedgehog-Patched1 signaling complex. Dev Cell 2022; 57:670-685.e8. [PMID: 35231446 PMCID: PMC8932645 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The dually lipidated Sonic hedgehog (SHH) morphogen signals through the tumor suppressor membrane protein Patched1 (PTCH1) to activate the Hedgehog pathway, which is fundamental in development and cancer. SHH engagement with PTCH1 requires the GAS1 coreceptor, but the mechanism is unknown. We demonstrate a unique role for GAS1, catalyzing SHH-PTCH1 complex assembly in vertebrate cells by direct SHH transfer from the extracellular SCUBE2 carrier to PTCH1. Structure of the GAS1-SHH-PTCH1 transition state identifies how GAS1 recognizes the SHH palmitate and cholesterol modifications in modular fashion and how it facilitates lipid-dependent SHH handoff to PTCH1. Structure-guided experiments elucidate SHH movement from SCUBE2 to PTCH1, explain disease mutations, and demonstrate that SHH-induced PTCH1 dimerization causes its internalization from the cell surface. These results define how the signaling-competent SHH-PTCH1 complex assembles, the key step triggering the Hedgehog pathway, and provide a paradigm for understanding morphogen reception and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Tengfei Lian
- Laboratory of Membrane Proteins and Structural Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Charlene Chan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jiansen Jiang
- Laboratory of Membrane Proteins and Structural Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Adrian Salic
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Wu X, Yan R, Cao P, Qian H, Yan N. Structural advances in sterol-sensing domain-containing proteins. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:289-300. [PMID: 35012873 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The sterol-sensing domain (SSD) is present in several membrane proteins that function in cholesterol metabolism, transport, and signaling. Recent progress in structural studies of SSD-containing proteins, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-cleavage activating protein (Scap), Patched, Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1), and related proteins, reveals a conserved core that is essential for their sterol-dependent functions. This domain, by its name, 'senses' the presence of sterol substrates through interactions and may modulate protein behaviors with changing sterol levels. We summarize recent advances in structural and mechanistic investigations of these proteins and propose to divide them to two classes: M for 'moderator' proteins that regulate sterol metabolism in response to membrane sterol levels, and T for 'transporter' proteins that harbor inner tunnels for cargo trafficking across cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Renhong Yan
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pingping Cao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Hongwu Qian
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Nieng Yan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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