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Wang L, Shao Z, Wang N, Liu W, Zhang L, Wang Y, Tan J, Jiao X, Liu L, Yan L, Chen S, Cao H, Shao F. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 confers autophagic promotion of gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis in aristolochic acid-induced acute kidney injury. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116944. [PMID: 39208575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) exposure is a severe public health concern worldwide. AAs damage the kidney with an inevitable acute phase that is similar to acute kidney injury (AKI). Gasdermin E (GSDME) is abundant in the kidney; thus; it-mediated pyroptosis might be essential in connecting cell death and inflammation and promoting AAs-AKI. However, the role and exact mechanism of pyroptosis in AAs-AKI have not been investigated. In this study, aristolochic acid I (AAI) was used to establish AKI models. The expression and translocation results showed GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in AAI-AKI. Knocking down GSDME attenuated AAI-induced cell death and transcription of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistic research inhibiting caspase (casp) 3, casp 8, and casp 9 with specific chemical antagonists demonstrated that GSDME was activated by cleaved casp 3. Furthermore, the kinase activity of upstream receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) was significantly elevated, and inhibiting RIPK1 with specific inhibitors markedly improved AAI-induced cell damage. In addition, the level of autophagy was obviously increased. Pretreatment with a specific autophagic inhibitor (3-methyladenine) or knockdown of autophagic genes (Atg5 or Atg7) evidently reduced the activity of RIPK1 and downstream apoptosis and pyroptosis, thus attenuating AA-induced cell injury, which suggested that RIPK1 was a novel link conferring autophagic promotion of pyroptosis. These findings reveal GSDME-mediated pyroptosis for the first time in AAI-induced AKI, propose its novel role in the transcription of cytokines, and demonstrate that autophagy promotes pyroptosis via the RIPK1-dependent apoptotic pathway. This study promotes the understanding of the toxic effects and exact mechanisms of AAs. This will contribute to evaluating the environmental risk of AA exposure and might provide potential therapeutic targets for AA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Zehua Shao
- Children's Heart Center, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Wenna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China; Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 451464, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Yanliang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Medical College, Longhu Town, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
| | - Xiaojing Jiao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China
| | - Song Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China.
| | - Huixia Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China.
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450053, China.
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Pan J, Qu J, Fang W, Zhao L, Zheng W, Zhai L, Tan M, Xu Q, Du Q, Lv W, Sun Y. SHP2-Triggered Endothelial Cell Activation Fuels Estradiol-Independent Endometrial Sterile Inflammation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403038. [PMID: 39234819 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Sterile inflammation occurs in various chronic diseases due to many nonmicrobe factors. Examples include endometrial hyperplasia (EH), endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and breast cancer, which are all sterile inflammation diseases induced by estrogen imbalances. However, how estrogen-induced sterile inflammation regulates EH remains unclear. Here, a single-cell RNA-Seq is used to show that SHP2 upregulation in endometrial endothelial cells promotes their inflammatory activation and subsequent transendothelial macrophage migration. Independent of the initial estrogen stimulation, IL1β and TNFα from macrophages then create a feedforward loop that enhances endothelial cell activation and IGF1 secretion. This endothelial cell-macrophage interaction sustains sterile endometrial inflammation and facilitates epithelial cell proliferation, even after estradiol withdrawal. The bulk RNA-Seq results and phosphoproteomic analysis show that endothelial SHP2 mechanistically enhances RIPK1 activity by dephosphorylating RIPK1Tyr380. This event activates downstream activator protein 1 (AP-1) and instigates the inflammation response. Furthermore, targeting SHP2 using SHP099 (an allosteric inhibitor) or endothelial-specific SHP2 deletion alleviates endothelial cell activation, macrophage infiltration, and EH progression in mice. Collectively, the findings demonstrate that SHP2 mediates the transition of endothelial activation from estradiol-driven acute inflammation to macrophage-amplified chronic inflammation. Targeting sterile inflammation mediated by endothelial cell activation is a promising strategy for nonhormonal intervention in estrogen-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Linhui Zhai
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qianming Du
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wen Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
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Bayat M, Nahand JS. Let's make it personal: CRISPR tools in manipulating cell death pathways for cancer treatment. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:61. [PMID: 39075259 PMCID: PMC11286699 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in the CRISPR technology, a game-changer in experimental research, have revolutionized various fields of life sciences and more profoundly, cancer research. Cell death pathways are among the most deregulated in cancer cells and are considered as critical aspects in cancer development. Through decades, our knowledge of the mechanisms orchestrating programmed cellular death has increased substantially, attributed to the revolution of cutting-edge technologies. The heroic appearance of CRISPR systems have expanded the available screening platform and genome engineering toolbox to detect mutations and create precise genome edits. In that context, the precise ability of this system for identification and targeting of mutations in cell death signaling pathways that result in cancer development and therapy resistance is an auspicious choice to transform and accelerate the individualized cancer therapy. The concept of personalized cancer therapy stands on the identification of molecular characterization of the individual tumor and its microenvironment in order to provide a precise treatment with the highest possible outcome and minimum toxicity. This study explored the potential of CRISPR technology in precision cancer treatment by identifying and targeting specific cell death pathways. It showed the promise of CRISPR in finding key components and mutations involved in programmed cell death, making it a potential tool for targeted cancer therapy. However, this study also highlighted the challenges and limitations that need to be addressed in future research to fully realize the potential of CRISPR in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 15731, Iran.
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Du J, Wang Z. Regulation of RIPK1 Phosphorylation: Implications for Inflammation, Cell Death, and Therapeutic Interventions. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1525. [PMID: 39062098 PMCID: PMC11275223 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays a crucial role in controlling inflammation and cell death. Its function is tightly controlled through post-translational modifications, enabling its dynamic switch between promoting cell survival and triggering cell death. Phosphorylation of RIPK1 at various sites serves as a critical mechanism for regulating its activity, exerting either activating or inhibitory effects. Perturbations in RIPK1 phosphorylation status have profound implications for the development of severe inflammatory diseases in humans. This review explores the intricate regulation of RIPK1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation and highlights the potential of targeting RIPK1 phosphorylation as a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Du
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Kingmed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
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5
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Bynigeri RR, Malireddi RKS, Mall R, Connelly JP, Pruett-Miller SM, Kanneganti TD. The protein phosphatase PP6 promotes RIPK1-dependent PANoptosis. BMC Biol 2024; 22:122. [PMID: 38807188 PMCID: PMC11134900 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate immune system serves as the first line of host defense. Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key regulator of innate immunity, cell survival, and cellular homeostasis. Because of its importance in immunity, several pathogens have evolved to carry TAK1 inhibitors. In response, hosts have evolved to sense TAK1 inhibition and induce robust lytic cell death, PANoptosis, mediated by the RIPK1-PANoptosome. PANoptosis is a unique innate immune inflammatory lytic cell death pathway initiated by an innate immune sensor and driven by caspases and RIPKs. While PANoptosis can be beneficial to clear pathogens, excess activation is linked to pathology. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating TAK1 inhibitor (TAK1i)-induced PANoptosis is central to our understanding of RIPK1 in health and disease. RESULTS In this study, by analyzing results from a cell death-based CRISPR screen, we identified protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) holoenzyme components as regulators of TAK1i-induced PANoptosis. Loss of the PP6 enzymatic component, PPP6C, significantly reduced TAK1i-induced PANoptosis. Additionally, the PP6 regulatory subunits PPP6R1, PPP6R2, and PPP6R3 had redundant roles in regulating TAK1i-induced PANoptosis, and their combined depletion was required to block TAK1i-induced cell death. Mechanistically, PPP6C and its regulatory subunits promoted the pro-death S166 auto-phosphorylation of RIPK1 and led to a reduction in the pro-survival S321 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings demonstrate a key requirement for the phosphatase PP6 complex in the activation of TAK1i-induced, RIPK1-dependent PANoptosis, suggesting this complex could be therapeutically targeted in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnakar R Bynigeri
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - R K Subbarao Malireddi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- Current affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jon P Connelly
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering (CAGE), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering (CAGE), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
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Shi Y, Wu C, Shi J, Gao T, Ma H, Li L, Zhao Y. Protein phosphorylation and kinases: Potential therapeutic targets in necroptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176508. [PMID: 38493913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a pivotal contributor to the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including those affecting the nervous system, cardiovascular system, pulmonary system, and kidneys. Extensive investigations have elucidated the mechanisms and physiological ramifications of necroptosis. Among these, protein phosphorylation emerges as a paramount regulatory process, facilitating the activation or inhibition of specific proteins through the addition of phosphate groups to their corresponding amino acid residues. Currently, the targeting of kinases has gained recognition as a firmly established and efficacious therapeutic approach for diverse diseases, notably cancer. In this comprehensive review, we elucidate the intricate role of phosphorylation in governing key molecular players in the necroptotic pathway. Moreover, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in the development of kinase inhibitors aimed at modulating necroptosis. Lastly, we deliberate on the prospects and challenges associated with the utilization of kinase inhibitors to modulate necroptotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Shi
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Chengkun Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiayi Shi
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Taotao Gao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Huabin Ma
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Long Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
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7
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Zhang X, Rao M, Gao P. 5-HT-treated mouse B cells alleviate ulcerative colitis via RIPK1: Insights from proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses. J Proteomics 2024; 295:105085. [PMID: 38246418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) exerts various physiological effects on the intestine through different signaling pathways and molecular transmission mechanisms, including pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Adoptive transfer of regulatory B cells (Bregs) into colitis mice has exhibited significant therapeutic benefits. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism through which 5-HT-treated B cells alleviate ulcerative colitis. To this end, we analyzed the proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiles of 5-HT-stimulated B cells from naïve mice. We identified 3124 phosphorylation sites in proteins via tandem mass tagging and found 110 differential peptides after protein phosphorylation. Furthermore, we obtained three differential proteins, RIPK1, ATXN2l, and Q8C5K5 through integration of both proteomic datasets. We discovered and validated that 5-HT binds to 5-HT7R and increases the expression of RIPK1 in B cells. We propose a theoretical and experimental basis for further research on the RIPK1 signaling pathway, kinase prediction, and phosphorylation sites in ulcerative colitis. SIGNIFICANCE: Some researchers demonstrated that 5-HT can effectively suppress colitis through a variety of molecular mechanisms. Our study discovered and consistently validated the 5-HT/5-HT7R/RIPK1 pathway, further clarifying the molecular mechanism through which 5-HT stimulates B cells to alleviate intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Min Rao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
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Hoermann B, Dürr EM, Ludwig C, Ercan M, Köhn M. A strategy to disentangle direct and indirect effects on (de)phosphorylation by chemical modulators of the phosphatase PP1 in complex cellular contexts. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2792-2804. [PMID: 38404380 PMCID: PMC10882499 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04746f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical activators and inhibitors are useful probes to identify substrates and downstream effects of enzymes; however, due to the complex signaling environment within cells, it is challenging to distinguish between direct and indirect effects. This is particularly the case for phosphorylation, where a single (de)phosphorylation event can trigger rapid changes in many other phosphorylation sites. An additional complication arises when a single catalytic entity, which acts in the form of many different holoenzymes with different substrates, is activated or inhibited, as it is unclear which holoenzymes are affected, and in turn which of their substrates are (de)phosphorylated. Direct target engaging MS-based technologies to study targets of drugs do not address these challenges. Here, we tackle this by studying the modulation of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) activity by PP1-disrupting peptides (PDPs), as well as their selectivity toward PP1, by using a combination of mass spectrometry-based experiments. By combining cellular treatment with the PDP with in vitro dephosphorylation by the enzyme, we identify high confidence substrate candidates and begin to separate direct and indirect effects. Together with experiments analyzing which holoenzymes are particularly susceptible to this treatment, we obtain insights into the effect of the modulator on the complex network of protein (de)phosphorylation. This strategy holds promise for enhancing our understanding of PP1 in particular and, due to the broad applicability of the workflow and the MS-based read-out, of chemical modulators with complex mode of action in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Hoermann
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Dürr
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich (TUM) Freising Germany
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich (TUM) Freising Germany
| | - Melda Ercan
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Maja Köhn
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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Liu S, Perez P, Sun X, Chen K, Fatirkhorani R, Mammadova J, Wang Z. MLKL polymerization-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization promotes necroptosis. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:40-52. [PMID: 37996483 PMCID: PMC10782024 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL) forms amyloid-like polymers to promote necroptosis; however, the mechanism through which these polymers trigger cell death is not clear. We have determined that activated MLKL translocates to the lysosomal membrane during necroptosis induction. The subsequent polymerization of MLKL induces lysosome clustering and fusion and eventual lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). This LMP leads to the rapid release of lysosomal contents into the cytosol, resulting in a massive surge in cathepsin levels, with Cathepsin B (CTSB) as a significant contributor to the ensuing cell death as it cleaves many proteins essential for cell survival. Importantly, chemical inhibition or knockdown of CTSB protects cells from necroptosis. Furthermore, induced polymerization of the MLKL N-terminal domain (NTD) also triggers LMP, leading to CTSB release and subsequent cell death. These findings clearly establish the critical role of MLKL polymerization induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (MPI-LMP) in the process of necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Preston Perez
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, MDD714, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 21500, China
| | - Ken Chen
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, MDD714, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Rojin Fatirkhorani
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, MDD714, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Jamila Mammadova
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, MDD714, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Zhigao Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Heart Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Drive, MDD714, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
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10
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Shi H, Kong R, Miao X, Gou L, Yin X, Ding Y, Cao X, Meng Q, Gu M, Suo F. Decreased PPP1R3G in pre-eclampsia impairs human trophoblast invasion and migration via Akt/MMP-9 signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1373-1382. [PMID: 37642261 PMCID: PMC10657594 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231182214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy complication characterized by impaired trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling and can have serious consequences for both mother and child. Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3G (PPP1R3G) is involved in numerous tumor-related biological processes. However, the biological action and underlying mechanisms of PPP1R3G in PE progression remain unclear. We used western blotting and immunohistochemistry to investigate PPP1R3G expression in gestational age-matched pre-eclamptic and normal placental tissues. After lentivirus transfection, wound-healing, Transwell, cell-counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and TdT mediateddUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assays were used to assess trophoblast migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis, respectively. The relative expression levels of PPP1R3G and the proteins involved in the Akt signaling pathway were determined using western blotting. The results showed that PPP1R3G levels were significantly lower in the placental tissues and GSE74341 microarray of the PE group than those of the healthy control group. We also found that neonatal weight and Apgar score were lower at birth, and peak systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the PE group than in the non-PE group. In addition, PPP1R3G knockdown decreased p-Akt/Akt expression and inhibited migration, invasion, and proliferation in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblasts but had no discernible effect on cell apoptosis. Furthermore, PPP1R3G positively regulated matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), which was downregulated in placental tissues of pregnant women with PE. These results provided the first evidence that the reduced levels of PPP1R3G might contribute to PE by suppressing the invasion and migration of trophoblasts and targeting the Akt/MMP-9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou 221005, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Renyu Kong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xu Miao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lingshan Gou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuning Ding
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiliang Cao
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou No. 1 People’s Hospital, the Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Maosheng Gu
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Suo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Chauhan C, Kraemer A, Knapp S, Windheim M, Kotlyarov A, Menon MB, Gaestel M. 5-Iodotubercidin sensitizes cells to RIPK1-dependent necroptosis by interfering with NFκB signaling. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:262. [PMID: 37495567 PMCID: PMC10372004 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPK)-1 and -3 play crucial roles in cell fate decisions and are regulated by multiple checkpoint controls. Previous studies have identified IKK1/2- and p38/MK2-dependent checkpoints that phosphorylate RIPK1 at different residues to inhibit its activation. In this study, we investigated TNF-induced death in MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2)-deficient cells and found that MK2 deficiency or inactivation predominantly leads to necroptotic cell death, even without caspase inhibition. While RIPK1 inhibitors can rescue MK2-deficient cells from necroptosis, inhibiting RIPK3 seems to switch the process to apoptosis. To understand the underlying mechanism of this switch, we screened a library of 149 kinase inhibitors and identified the adenosine analog 5-Iodotubercidin (5-ITu) as the most potent compound that sensitizes MK2-deficient MEFs to TNF-induced cell death. 5-ITu also enhances LPS-induced necroptosis when combined with MK2 inhibition in RAW264.7 macrophages. Further mechanistic studies revealed that 5-ITu induces RIPK1-dependent necroptosis by suppressing IKK signaling in the absence of MK2 activity. These findings highlight the role for the multitarget kinase inhibitor 5-ITu in TNF-, LPS- and chemotherapeutics-induced necroptosis and its potential implications in RIPK1-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Chauhan
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Andreas Kraemer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI) and German Translational Cancer Network (DKTK) site Frankfurt-Mainz, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI) and German Translational Cancer Network (DKTK) site Frankfurt-Mainz, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark Windheim
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Alexey Kotlyarov
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
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12
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Huyghe J, Priem D, Bertrand MJM. Cell death checkpoints in the TNF pathway. Trends Immunol 2023:S1471-4906(23)00105-9. [PMID: 37357102 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays a central role in orchestrating mammalian inflammatory responses. It promotes inflammation either directly by inducing inflammatory gene expression or indirectly by triggering cell death. TNF-mediated cell death-driven inflammation can be beneficial during infection by providing cell-extrinsic signals that help to mount proper immune responses. Uncontrolled cell death caused by TNF is instead highly detrimental and is believed to cause several human autoimmune diseases. Death is not the default response to TNF sensing. Molecular brakes, or cell death checkpoints, actively repress TNF cytotoxicity to protect the organism from its detrimental consequences. These checkpoints therefore constitute essential safeguards against inflammatory diseases. Recent advances in the field have revealed the existence of several new and unexpected brakes against TNF cytotoxicity and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Huyghe
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dario Priem
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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13
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Yanagisawa M, Han H, Pradhan S, Khatlani T, Subramanyam D, Vijayan KV. Protein Phosphatase 1 γ Modulates Steady-State BAD Phosphorylation and Murine Platelet Survival. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:645-648. [PMID: 36764308 PMCID: PMC10591518 DOI: 10.1055/a-2031-9709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yanagisawa
- Cardiovascular Research section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Hyojeong Han
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Subhashree Pradhan
- Cardiovascular Research section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Tanvir Khatlani
- Cardiovascular Research section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Current address: Department of Blood and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University of Health Sciences (KSAU), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, KSA
| | - Deepika Subramanyam
- Cardiovascular Research section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - K. Vinod Vijayan
- Cardiovascular Research section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (MEDVAMC), Houston, TX, 77030
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030
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14
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Liu X, Tang AL, Chen J, Gao N, Zhang G, Xiao C. RIPK1 in the inflammatory response and sepsis: Recent advances, drug discovery and beyond. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1114103. [PMID: 37090690 PMCID: PMC10113447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storms are an important mechanism of sepsis. TNF-α is an important cytokine. As a regulator of TNF superfamily receptors, RIPK1 not only serves as the basis of the scaffold structure in complex I to promote the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways but also represents an important protein in complex II to promote programmed cell death. Ubiquitination of RIPK1 is an important regulatory function that determines the activation of cellular inflammatory pathways or the activation of death pathways. In this paper, we introduce the regulation of RIPK1, RIPK1 PANoptosome's role in Inflammatory and sepsis, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - A-Ling Tang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Rong R, Zhou X, Liang G, Li H, You M, Liang Z, Zeng Z, Xiao H, Ji D, Xia X. Targeting Cell Membranes, Depleting ROS by Dithiane and Thioketal-Containing Polymers with Pendant Cholesterols Delivering Necrostatin-1 for Glaucoma Treatment. ACS NANO 2022; 16:21225-21239. [PMID: 36487191 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, characterized by progressive vision loss due to the selective damage to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Oxidative stress is generally believed as one key factor of RGCs death. Recently, necroptosis was identified to play a key role in glaucomatous injury. Therefore, depletion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of necroptosis in RGCs has become one of treatment strategies for glaucoma. However, existing drugs without efficient drug enter into the retina and have controlled release due to a short drug retention. Herein, we designed a glaucomatous microenvironment-responsive drug carrier polymer, which is characterized by the presence of thioketal bonds and 1,4-dithiane unit in the main chain for depleting ROS as well as the pendant cholesterols for targeting cell membranes. This polymer was adopted to encapsulate an inhibitor of necroptosis, necrostatin-1, into nanoparticles (designated as NP1). NP1 with superior biosafety could scavenge ROS in RGCs both in vitro and in vivo of an acute pathological glaucomatous injury model. Further, NP1 was found to effectively inhibit the upregulation of the necroptosis pathway, reducing the death of RGCs. The findings in this study exemplified the use of nanomaterials as potential strategies to treat glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Xuezhi Zhou
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Ganghao Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Mengling You
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Zhuotao Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Zeng
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, P. R. China
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16
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RIP1 post-translational modifications. Biochem J 2022; 479:929-951. [PMID: 35522161 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) kinase is a critical regulator of inflammation and cell death signaling, and plays a crucial role in maintaining immune responses and proper tissue homeostasis. Mounting evidence argues for the importance of RIP1 post-translational modifications in control of its function. Ubiquitination by E3 ligases, such as inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) proteins and LUBAC, as well as the reversal of these modifications by deubiquitinating enzymes, such as A20 and CYLD, can greatly influence RIP1 mediated signaling. In addition, cleavage by caspase-8, RIP1 autophosphorylation, and phosphorylation by a number of signaling kinases can greatly impact cellular fate. Disruption of the tightly regulated RIP1 modifications can lead to signaling disbalance in TNF and/or TLR controlled and other inflammatory pathways, and result in severe human pathologies. This review will focus on RIP1 and its many modifications with an emphasis on ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and cleavage, and their functional impact on the RIP1's role in signaling pathways.
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