1
|
Teng XY, Hu P, Zhang CM, Zhang QX, Yang G, Zang YY, Liu ZX, Chen G, Shi YS. OPALIN is an LGI1 receptor promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403652121. [PMID: 39083419 PMCID: PMC11317624 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403652121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1), a secretory protein in the brain, plays a critical role in myelination; dysfunction of this protein leads to hypomyelination and white matter abnormalities (WMAs). Here, we hypothesized that LGI1 may regulate myelination through binding to an unidentified receptor on the membrane of oligodendrocytes (OLs). To search for this hypothetic receptor, we analyzed LGI1 binding proteins through LGI1-3 × FLAG affinity chromatography with mouse brain lysates followed by mass spectrometry. An OL-specific membrane protein, the oligodendrocytic myelin paranodal and inner loop protein (OPALIN), was identified. Conditional knockout (cKO) of OPALIN in the OL lineage caused hypomyelination and WMAs, phenocopying LGI1 deficiency in mice. Biochemical analysis revealed the downregulation of Sox10 and Olig2, transcription factors critical for OL differentiation, further confirming the impaired OL maturation in Opalin cKO mice. Moreover, virus-mediated re-expression of OPALIN successfully restored myelination in Opalin cKO mice. In contrast, re-expression of LGI1-unbound OPALIN_K23A/D26A failed to reverse the hypomyelination phenotype. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that OPALIN on the OL membrane serves as an LGI1 receptor, highlighting the importance of the LGI1/OPALIN complex in orchestrating OL differentiation and myelination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Teng
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, 519031Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children’s Healthcare Hospital, 210004Nanjing, China
| | - Cai-Ming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Xin Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children’s Healthcare Hospital, 210004Nanjing, China
| | - Guolin Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Yu Zang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, 519031Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guiquan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, 519031Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Green N, Gao H, Chu X, Yuan Q, McGuire P, Lai D, Jiang G, Xuei X, Reiter J, Stevens J, Sutherland G, Goate A, Pang Z, Slesinger P, Hart RP, Tischfield JA, Agrawal A, Wang Y, Duren Z, Edenberg HJ, Liu Y. Integrated Single-Cell Multiomic Profiling of Caudate Nucleus Suggests Key Mechanisms in Alcohol Use Disorder. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.02.606355. [PMID: 39149227 PMCID: PMC11326171 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.02.606355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is likely associated with complex transcriptional alterations in addiction-relevant brain regions. We characterize AUD-associated differences in cell type-specific gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the caudate nucleus by conducting a single-nucleus RNA-seq assay and a single-nucleus RNA-seq + ATAC-seq (multiome) assay on caudate tissue from 143 human postmortem brains (74 with AUD). We identified 17 cell types. AUD was associated with a higher proportion of microglia in an activated state and more astrocytes in a reactive state. There was widespread evidence for differentially expressed genes across cell types with the most identified in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, including genes involved in immune response and synaptic regulation, many of which appeared to be regulated in part by JUND and OLIG2 . Microglia-astrocyte communication via interleukin-1 beta, and microglia-astrocyte-oligodendrocyte interaction via transforming growth factor beta 1 were increased in individuals with AUD. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis revealed potential driver genes of AUD, including ADAL, that may protect against AUD in medium spiny neurons and interneurons. This work provides a thorough profile of the effects of AUD in the human brain and identifies several promising genes for further study.
Collapse
|
3
|
Song SS, Druschel LN, Kasthuri NM, Wang JJ, Conard JH, Chan ER, Acharya AP, Capadona JR. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of the differential expression of 62 proteins following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17596. [PMID: 39080300 PMCID: PMC11289480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) are devices designed to be implanted into the cerebral cortex for various neuroscience and neuro-engineering applications. A critical feature of IMEs is their ability to detect neural activity from individual neurons. Currently, IMEs are limited by chronic failure, largely considered to be caused by the prolonged neuroinflammatory response to the implanted devices. Over the past few years, the characterization of the neuroinflammatory response has grown in sophistication, with the most recent advances focusing on mRNA expression following IME implantation. While gene expression studies increase our broad understanding of the relationship between IMEs and cortical tissue, advanced proteomic techniques have not been reported. Proteomic evaluation is necessary to describe the diverse changes in protein expression specific to neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, or tissue and cellular viability, which could lead to the further development of targeted intervention strategies designed to improve IME functionality. In this study, we have characterized the expression of 62 proteins within 180 μm of the IME implant site at 4-, 8-, and 16-weeks post-implantation. We identified potential targets for immunotherapies, as well as key pathways that contribute to neuronal dieback around the IME implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney S Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lindsey N Druschel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Niveda M Kasthuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jaime J Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jacob H Conard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - E Ricky Chan
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Abhinav P Acharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Filippini A, Cannone E, Mazziotti V, Carini G, Mutti V, Ravelli C, Gennarelli M, Schiavone M, Russo I. Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase-2 Controls the Differentiation and Maturation of Oligodendrocytes in Mice and Zebrafish. Biomolecules 2024; 14:870. [PMID: 39062584 PMCID: PMC11274935 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2), a gene mutated in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), controls multiple cellular processes important for GLIA physiology. Interestingly, emerging studies report that LRRK2 is highly expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) compared to the pathophysiology of other brain cells and oligodendrocytes (OLs) in PD. Altogether, these observations suggest crucial function(s) of LRRK2 in OPCs/Ols, which would be interesting to explore. In this study, we investigated the role of LRRK2 in OLs. We showed that LRRK2 knock-out (KO) OPC cultures displayed defects in the transition of OPCs into OLs, suggesting a role of LRRK2 in OL differentiation. Consistently, we found an alteration of myelin basic protein (MBP) striosomes in LRRK2 KO mouse brains and reduced levels of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2) and Mbp in olig2:EGFP and mbp:RFP transgenic zebrafish embryos injected with lrrk2 morpholino (MO). Moreover, lrrk2 knock-down zebrafish exhibited a lower amount of nerve growth factor (Ngf) compared to control embryos, which represents a potent regulator of oligodendrogenesis and myelination. Overall, our findings indicate that LRRK2 controls OL differentiation, affecting the number of mature OLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Filippini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Elena Cannone
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Mazziotti
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Giulia Carini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Veronica Mutti
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cosetta Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Isabella Russo
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.F.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (V.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Awad M, Sayed RKA, Mohammadin D, Hussein MM, Mokhtar DM. Structural characteristics and regenerative potential: Insights from the molly fish spinal cord. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38923674 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Unlike mammals, species such as fish and amphibians can regenerate damaged spinal cords, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets. This study investigates the structural features of the molly fish spinal cord through light and electron microscopy. The most notable characteristic was the presence of Mauthner cells (M-cells), which exhibited large cell bodies and processes, as well as synaptic connections with astrocytes. These astrocytic connections contained synaptic vesicles, suggesting electrical transmission at the M-cell endings. Astrocytes, which were labeled with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), contained cytoplasmic glycogen granules, potentially serving as an emergency fuel source. Two types of oligodendrocytes were identified: a small, dark cell and a larger, lighter cell, both of which reacted strongly with oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2). The dark oligodendrocyte resembled human oligodendrocyte precursors, while the light oligodendrocyte was similar to mature human oligodendrocytes. Additionally, proliferative neurons in the substantia grisea centralis expressed myostatin, Nrf2, and Sox9. Collectively, these findings suggest that the molly fish spinal cord has advanced structural features conducive to spinal cord regeneration and could serve as an excellent model for studying central nervous system regeneration. Further studies on the functional aspects of the molly fish spinal cord are recommended. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Mauthner cells (M-cell), with their typical large cell body and processes, were the most characteristic feature in Molly fish spinal cord, where it presented synaptic connections with astrocytes and their ends contained synaptic vesicles indicating an electrical transmission in the M-cells endings. Two types of oligodendrocytes could be recognized; both reacted intensely with Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2). The proliferative neurons of the substantia grisea centralis expressed myostatin, Nrf2, and Sox9. The findings of this study suggest that molly fish possess highly developed structural features conducive to spinal cord regeneration. Consequently, they could be deemed an exemplary model for investigating central nervous system regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Awad
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ramy K A Sayed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Dalia Mohammadin
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Hussein
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Mokhtar
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Assiut, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bao MY, Feng CY, Li XQ, He Y, Han B, Yang YN, Zhang Y, Li X. Targeting of KOR by famotidine promotes OPC maturation differentiation and CNS remyelination via STAT3 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131964. [PMID: 38692525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to identify FDA-approved drugs that can target the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) for the treatment of demyelinating diseases. Demyelinating diseases are characterized by myelin sheath destruction or formation that results in severe neurological dysfunction. Remission of this disease is largely dependent on the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes (OLGs) in demyelinating lesions. KOR is an important regulatory protein and drug target for the treatment of demyelinating diseases. However, no drug targeting KOR has been developed due to the long clinical trials for drug discovery. Here, a structure-based virtual screening was applied to identify drugs targeting KOR among 1843 drugs of FDA-approved drug libraries, and famotidine was screen out by its high affinity cooperation with KOR as well as the clinical safety. We discovered that famotidine directly promoted OPC maturation and remyelination using the complementary in vitro and in vivo models. Administration of famotidine was not only effectively enhanced CNS myelinogenesis, but also promoted remyelination. Mechanically speaking, famotidine promoted myelinogenesis or remyelination through KOR/STAT3 signaling pathway. In general, our study provided evidence of new clinical applicability of famotidine for the treatment of demyelinating diseases for which there is currently no effective therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Chen-Yu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Ya-Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheng YJ, Wang F, Feng J, Yu B, Wang B, Gao Q, Wang TY, Hu B, Gao X, Chen JF, Chen YJ, Lv SQ, Feng H, Xiao L, Mei F. Prolonged myelin deficits contribute to neuron loss and functional impairments after ischaemic stroke. Brain 2024; 147:1294-1311. [PMID: 38289861 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic stroke causes neuron loss and long-term functional deficits. Unfortunately, effective approaches to preserving neurons and promoting functional recovery remain unavailable. Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells in the CNS, are susceptible to oxygen and nutrition deprivation and undergo degeneration after ischaemic stroke. Technically, new oligodendrocytes and myelin can be generated by the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). However, myelin dynamics and their functional significance after ischaemic stroke remain poorly understood. Here, we report numerous denuded axons accompanied by decreased neuron density in sections from ischaemic stroke lesions in human brain, suggesting that neuron loss correlates with myelin deficits in these lesions. To investigate the longitudinal changes in myelin dynamics after stroke, we labelled and traced pre-existing and newly-formed myelin, respectively, using cell-specific genetic approaches. Our results indicated massive oligodendrocyte death and myelin loss 2 weeks after stroke in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model. In contrast, myelin regeneration remained insufficient 4 and 8 weeks post-stroke. Notably, neuronal loss and functional impairments worsened in aged brains, and new myelin generation was diminished. To analyse the causal relationship between remyelination and neuron survival, we manipulated myelinogenesis by conditional deletion of Olig2 (a positive regulator) or muscarinic receptor 1 (M1R, a negative regulator) in OPCs. Deleting Olig2 inhibited remyelination, reducing neuron survival and functional recovery after tMCAO. Conversely, enhancing remyelination by M1R conditional knockout or treatment with the pro-myelination drug clemastine after tMCAO preserved white matter integrity and neuronal survival, accelerating functional recovery. Together, our findings demonstrate that enhancing myelinogenesis is a promising strategy to preserve neurons and promote functional recovery after ischaemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, 1st affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qing Gao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Teng-Yue Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing-Fei Chen
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yu-Jie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, 1st affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sheng-Qing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, 1st affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Mei
- Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang M, Nirwane A, Ruan J, Adithan A, Gray M, Xu L, Yao Y. A dispensable role of oligodendrocyte-derived laminin-α5 in brain homeostasis and intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:611-623. [PMID: 38241459 PMCID: PMC10981398 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241228058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Laminin, a major component of the basal lamina in the CNS, is also expressed in oligodendrocytes (OLs). However, the function of OL-derived laminin remains largely unknown. Here, we performed loss-of-function studies using two OL-specific laminin-α5 conditional knockout mouse lines. Both mutants were grossly normal and displayed intact blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), control mice and both mutants exhibited comparable hematoma size and neurological dysfunction. In addition, similar levels of hemoglobin and IgG leakage were detected in the mutant brains compared to the controls, indicating comparable BBB damage. Consistent with this finding, subsequent studies revealed no differences in tight junction protein (TJP) and caveolin-1 expression among control and knockout mice, suggesting that neither paracellular nor transcellular mechanism was affected in the mutants. Furthermore, compared to the controls, both mutant lines showed comparable oligodendrocyte number, oligodendrocyte proliferation rate, MBP/MAG levels, and SMI-32 expression, highlighting a minimal role of OL-derived laminin-α5 in OL biology. Together, these findings highlight a dispensable role of OL-derived laminin-α5 in both brain homeostasis and ICH pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Kang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Abhijit Nirwane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jingsong Ruan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Aravinthan Adithan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marsilla Gray
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Current Address: Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Song Z, Wu R, Kong X, Zhang H, Li S, Gong X, Gong S, Cheng J, Yuan F, Wu H, Wang S, Yuan Z. PRRC2B modulates oligodendrocyte progenitor cell development and myelination by stabilizing Sox2 mRNA. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113930. [PMID: 38507412 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) differentiate into myelin-producing cells and modulate neuronal activity. Defects in OPC development are associated with neurological diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) contributes to neural development; however, the mechanism by which m6A regulates OPC development remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PRRC2B is an m6A reader that regulates OPC development and myelination. Nestin-Cre-mediated Prrc2b deletion affects neural stem cell self-renewal and glial differentiation. Moreover, the oligodendroglia lineage-specific deletion of Prrc2b reduces the numbers of OPCs and oligodendrocytes, causing hypomyelination and impaired motor coordination. Integrative methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses identify Sox2 as the target of PRRC2B. Notably, PRRC2B, displaying separate and cooperative functions with PRRC2A, stabilizes mRNA by binding to m6A motifs in the coding sequence and 3' UTR of Sox2. In summary, we identify the posttranscriptional regulation of PRRC2B in OPC development, extending the understanding of PRRC2 family proteins and providing a therapeutic target for myelin-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhihong Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xiangxi Kong
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Hongye Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuoshuo Li
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China; School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuanwei Gong
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shenghui Gong
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shukun Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song S, Druschel L, Kasthuri N, Wang J, Conard J, Chan E, Acharya A, Capadona J. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of the Differential Expression of 83 Proteins Following Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4039586. [PMID: 38559066 PMCID: PMC10980140 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4039586/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes (IMEs) are devices designed to be implanted into the cerebral cortex for various neuroscience and neuro-engineering applications. A critical feature of these devices is their ability to detect neural activity from individual neurons. Currently, IMEs are limited by chronic failure, largely considered to be caused by the prolonged neuroinflammatory response to the implanted devices. Over the decades, characterization of the neuroinflammatory response has grown in sophistication, with the most recent advances including advanced genomics and spatially resolved transcriptomics. While gene expression studies increase our broad understanding of the relationship between IMEs and cortical tissue, advanced proteomic techniques have not been reported. Proteomic evaluation is necessary to describe the diverse changes in protein expression specific to neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, or tissue and cellular viability, which could lead to the development of more targeted intervention strategies designed to improve IME function. In this study, we have characterized the expression of 83 proteins within 180 μm of the IME implant site at 4-, 8-, and 16-weeks post-implantation. We identified potential targets for immunotherapies, as well as key pathways and functions that contribute to neuronal dieback around the IME implant.
Collapse
|
11
|
Capadona J, Hoeferlin G, Grabinski S, Druschel L, Duncan J, Burkhart G, Weagraff G, Lee A, Hong C, Bambroo M, Olivares H, Bajwa T, Memberg W, Sweet J, Hamedani HA, Acharya A, Hernandez-Reynoso A, Donskey C, Jaskiw G, Chan R, Ajiboye A, von Recum H, Zhang L. Bacteria Invade the Brain Following Sterile Intracortical Microelectrode Implantation. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3980065. [PMID: 38496527 PMCID: PMC10942555 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980065/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Brain-machine interface performance is largely affected by the neuroinflammatory responses resulting in large part from blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage following intracortical microelectrode implantation. Recent findings strongly suggest that certain gut bacterial constituents penetrate the BBB and are resident in various brain regions of rodents and humans, both in health and disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that damage to the BBB caused by microelectrode implantation could amplify dysregulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Here, we report that bacteria, including those commonly found in the gut, enter the brain following intracortical microelectrode implantation in mice implanted with single-shank silicon microelectrodes. Systemic antibiotic treatment of mice implanted with microelectrodes to suppress bacteria resulted in differential expression of bacteria in the brain tissue and a reduced acute inflammatory response compared to untreated controls, correlating with temporary improvements in microelectrode recording performance. Long-term antibiotic treatment resulted in worsening microelectrode recording performance and dysregulation of neurodegenerative pathways. Fecal microbiome composition was similar between implanted mice and an implanted human, suggesting translational findings. However, a significant portion of invading bacteria was not resident in the brain or gut. Together, the current study established a paradigm-shifting mechanism that may contribute to chronic intracortical microelectrode recording performance and affect overall brain health following intracortical microelectrode implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricky Chan
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lim B, Domsch K, Mall M, Lohmann I. Canalizing cell fate by transcriptional repression. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:144-161. [PMID: 38302581 PMCID: PMC10912439 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision in the establishment and maintenance of cellular identities is crucial for the development of multicellular organisms and requires tight regulation of gene expression. While extensive research has focused on understanding cell type-specific gene activation, the complex mechanisms underlying the transcriptional repression of alternative fates are not fully understood. Here, we provide an overview of the repressive mechanisms involved in cell fate regulation. We discuss the molecular machinery responsible for suppressing alternative fates and highlight the crucial role of sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) in this process. Depletion of these TFs can result in unwanted gene expression and increased cellular plasticity. We suggest that these TFs recruit cell type-specific repressive complexes to their cis-regulatory elements, enabling them to modulate chromatin accessibility in a context-dependent manner. This modulation effectively suppresses master regulators of alternative fate programs and their downstream targets. The modularity and dynamic behavior of these repressive complexes enables a limited number of repressors to canalize and maintain major and minor cell fate decisions at different stages of development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Lim
- Cell Fate Engineering and Disease Modeling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- HITBR Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research gGmbH, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katrin Domsch
- Heidelberg University, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Department of Developmental Biology and Cell Networks - Cluster of Excellence, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Mall
- Cell Fate Engineering and Disease Modeling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- HITBR Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research gGmbH, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Ingrid Lohmann
- Heidelberg University, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, Department of Developmental Biology and Cell Networks - Cluster of Excellence, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu J, Wang R, Luo W, Mao X, Gao H, Feng X, Chen G, Yang Z, Deng W, Nie Y. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell-specific delivery of lipid nanoparticles loaded with Olig2 synthetically modified messenger RNA for ischemic stroke therapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:297-313. [PMID: 38096960 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Olig2 is highly expressed throughout oligodendroglial development and is needed for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes and remyelination. Although Olig2 overexpression in OPCs is a possible therapeutic target for enhancing myelin repair in ischemic stroke, achieving Olig2 overexpression in vivo remains a formidable technological challenge. To address this challenge, we employed lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated delivery of Olig2 synthetically modified messenger RNA (mRNA) as a viable method for in vivo Olih2 protein overexpression. Specifically, we developed CD140a-targeted LNPs loaded with Olig2 mRNA (C-Olig2) to achieve targeted Olig2 protein expression within PDGFRα+ OPCs, with the goal of promoting remyelination for ischemic stroke therapy. We show that C-Olig2 promotes the differentiation of PDGFRα+ OPCs derived from mouse neural stem cells into mature oligodendrocytes in vitro, suggesting that mRNA-mediated Olig2 overexpression is a rational approach to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. Furthermore, when C-Olig2 was administered to a murine model of ischemic stroke, it led to improvements in blood‒brain barrier (BBB) integrity, enhanced remyelination, and rescued learning and cognitive deficits. Our comprehensive analysis, which included bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq), revealed upregulated biological processes related to learning and memory in the brains of mice treated with C-Olig2 compared to those receiving empty LNPs (Mock). Collectively, our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of multifunctional nanomedicine targeting mRNA expression for ischemic stroke and suggest that this approach holds promise for addressing various brain diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: While Olig2 overexpression in OPCs represents a promising therapeutic avenue for enhancing remyelination in ischemic stroke, in vivo strategies for achieving Olig2 expression pose considerable technological challenges. The delivery of mRNA via lipid nanoparticles is considered aa viable approach for in vivo protein expression. In this study, we engineered CD140a-targeted LNPs loaded with Olig2 mRNA (C-Olig2) with the aim of achieving specific Olig2 overexpression in mouse OPCs. Our findings demonstrate that C-Olig2 promotes the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes in vitro, providing evidence that mRNA-mediated Olig2 overexpression is a rational strategy to foster remyelination. Furthermore, the intravenous administration of C-Olig2 into a murine model of ischemic stroke not only improved blood-brain barrier integrity but also enhanced remyelination and mitigated learning and cognitive deficits. These results underscore the promising therapeutic potential of multifunctional nanomedicine targeting mRNA expression in the context of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Stroke center, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Stroke center, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China; Clinical Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Clinical Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaofan Mao
- Clinical Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xinwei Feng
- Stroke center, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Department of General Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Stroke center, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China.
| | - Wenbin Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Yichu Nie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Clinical Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schildhauer P, Selke P, Staege MS, Harder A, Scheller C, Strauss C, Horstkorte R, Scheer M, Leisz S. Glycation Interferes with the Expression of Sialyltransferases and Leads to Increased Polysialylation in Glioblastoma Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2758. [PMID: 38067186 PMCID: PMC10706364 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor that often utilizes aerobic glycolysis for energy production (Warburg effect), resulting in increased methylglyoxal (MGO) production. MGO, a reactive dicarbonyl compound, causes protein alterations and cellular dysfunction via glycation. In this study, we investigated the effect of glycation on sialylation, a common post-translational modification implicated in cancer. Our experiments using glioma cell lines, human astrocytes (hA), and primary glioma samples revealed different gene expressions of sialyltransferases among cells, highlighting the complexity of the system. Glycation has a differential effect on sialyltransferase expression, upregulating ST8SIA4 in the LN229 and U251 cell lines and decreasing the expression in normal hA. Subsequently, polysialylation increased in the LN229 and U251 cell lines and decreased in hA. This increase in polysialylation could lead to a more aggressive phenotype due to its involvement in cancer hallmark processes such as immune evasion, resistance to apoptosis, and enhancing invasion. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying GBM aggressiveness and suggest that targeting glycation and sialylation could be a potential therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Schildhauer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Philipp Selke
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin S. Staege
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja Harder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- CURE-NF Research Group, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Scheller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Christian Strauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maximilian Scheer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Sandra Leisz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (P.S.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fang LP, Bai X. Implications of Olig2 silencing in oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2649-2650. [PMID: 37449605 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Myers BL, Brayer KJ, Paez-Beltran LE, Keith MS, Suzuki H, Newville J, Anderson RH, Lo Y, Mertz CM, Kollipara R, Borromeo MD, Bachoo RM, Johnson JE, Vue TY. Glioblastoma initiation, migration, and cell types are regulated by core bHLH transcription factors ASCL1 and OLIG2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.30.560206. [PMID: 37873200 PMCID: PMC10592871 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.30.560206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are highly aggressive, infiltrative, and heterogeneous brain tumors driven by complex driver mutations and glioma stem cells (GSCs). The neurodevelopmental transcription factors ASCL1 and OLIG2 are co-expressed in GBMs, but their role in regulating the heterogeneity and hierarchy of GBM tumor cells is unclear. Here, we show that oncogenic driver mutations lead to dysregulation of ASCL1 and OLIG2, which function redundantly to initiate brain tumor formation in a mouse model of GBM. Subsequently, the dynamic levels and reciprocal binding of ASCL1 and OLIG2 to each other and to downstream target genes then determine the cell types and degree of migration of tumor cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reveals that a high level of ASCL1 is key in defining GSCs by upregulating a collection of ribosomal protein, mitochondrial, neural stem cell (NSC), and cancer metastasis genes - all essential for sustaining the high proliferation, migration, and therapeutic resistance of GSCs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lu Z, Zhang M, Lee J, Sziraki A, Anderson S, Zhang Z, Xu Z, Jiang W, Ge S, Nelson PT, Zhou W, Cao J. Tracking cell-type-specific temporal dynamics in human and mouse brains. Cell 2023; 186:4345-4364.e24. [PMID: 37774676 PMCID: PMC10545416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Progenitor cells are critical in preserving organismal homeostasis, yet their diversity and dynamics in the aged brain remain underexplored. We introduced TrackerSci, a single-cell genomic method that combines newborn cell labeling and combinatorial indexing to characterize the transcriptome and chromatin landscape of proliferating progenitor cells in vivo. Using TrackerSci, we investigated the dynamics of newborn cells in mouse brains across various ages and in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Our dataset revealed diverse progenitor cell types in the brain and their epigenetic signatures. We further quantified aging-associated shifts in cell-type-specific proliferation and differentiation and deciphered the associated molecular programs. Extending our study to the progenitor cells in the aged human brain, we identified conserved genetic signatures across species and pinpointed region-specific cellular dynamics, such as the reduced oligodendrogenesis in the cerebellum. We anticipate that TrackerSci will be broadly applicable to unveil cell-type-specific temporal dynamics in diverse systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Lu
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; The David Rockefeller Graduate Program in Bioscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Zhang
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jasper Lee
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andras Sziraki
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; The David Rockefeller Graduate Program in Bioscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonya Anderson
- Department of Pathology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; The David Rockefeller Graduate Program in Bioscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zihan Xu
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; The David Rockefeller Graduate Program in Bioscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weirong Jiang
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaoyu Ge
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Junyue Cao
- Laboratory of Single Cell Genomics and Population Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fang LP, Bai X. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1035-1044. [PMID: 37401986 PMCID: PMC10409806 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recognized as the progenitors responsible for the generation of oligodendrocytes, which play a critical role in myelination. Extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms underlying OPC proliferation and differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that OPCs have multiple functions beyond their role as progenitors, exerting control over neural circuits and brain function through distinct pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of OPCs by first introducing their well-established features. Subsequently, we delve into the emerging roles of OPCs in modulating brain function in both healthy and diseased states. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which OPCs influence brain function holds great promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rusu B, Kukreja B, Wu T, Dan SJ, Feng MY, Kalish BT. Single-Nucleus Profiling Identifies Accelerated Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Senescence in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0147-23.2023. [PMID: 37491366 PMCID: PMC10449487 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0147-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability, is associated with lifelong cognitive deficits. However, the mechanisms by which triplication of chromosome 21 genes drive neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction are poorly understood. Here, using the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS, we performed an integrated single-nucleus ATAC and RNA-sequencing (snATAC-seq and snRNA-seq) analysis of the adult cortex. We identified cell type-specific transcriptional and chromatin-associated changes in the Ts65Dn cortex, including regulators of neuroinflammation, transcription and translation, myelination, and mitochondrial function. We discovered enrichment of a senescence-associated transcriptional signature in Ts65Dn oligodendrocyte (OL) precursor cells (OPCs) and epigenetic changes consistent with a loss of heterochromatin. We found that senescence is restricted to a subset of OPCs concentrated in deep cortical layers. Treatment of Ts65Dn mice with a senescence-reducing flavonoid rescued cortical OPC proliferation, restored microglial homeostasis, and improved contextual fear memory. Together, these findings suggest that cortical OPC senescence may be an important driver of neuropathology in DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Rusu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Bharti Kukreja
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Taiyi Wu
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Sophie J Dan
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1A8, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1A8, Canada
| | - Min Yi Feng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Brian T Kalish
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lotun A, Li D, Xu H, Su Q, Tuncer S, Sanmiguel J, Mooney M, Baer CE, Ulbrich R, Eyles SJ, Strittmatter L, Hayward LJ, Gessler DJ, Gao G. Renewal of oligodendrocyte lineage reverses dysmyelination and CNS neurodegeneration through corrected N-acetylaspartate metabolism. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 226:102460. [PMID: 37149081 PMCID: PMC10330635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Myelinating oligodendrocytes are essential for neuronal communication and homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). One of the most abundant molecules in the mammalian CNS is N-acetylaspartate (NAA), which is catabolized into L-aspartate and acetate by the enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA) in oligodendrocytes. The resulting acetate moiety is thought to contribute to myelin lipid synthesis. In addition, affected NAA metabolism has been implicated in several neurological disorders, including leukodystrophies and demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Genetic disruption of ASPA function causes Canavan disease, which is hallmarked by increased NAA levels, myelin and neuronal loss, large vacuole formation in the CNS, and early death in childhood. Although NAA's direct role in the CNS is inconclusive, in peripheral adipose tissue, NAA-derived acetate has been found to modify histones, a mechanism known to be involved in epigenetic regulation of cell differentiation. We hypothesize that a lack of cellular differentiation in the brain contributes to the disruption of myelination and neurodegeneration in diseases with altered NAA metabolism, such as Canavan disease. Our study demonstrates that loss of functional Aspa in mice disrupts myelination and shifts the transcriptional expression of neuronal and oligodendrocyte markers towards less differentiated stages in a spatiotemporal manner. Upon re-expression of ASPA, these oligodendrocyte and neuronal lineage markers are either improved or normalized, suggesting that NAA breakdown by Aspa plays an essential role in the maturation of neurons and oligodendrocytes. Also, this effect of ASPA re-expression is blunted in old mice, potentially due to limited ability of neuronal, rather than oligodendrocyte, recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anoushka Lotun
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Danning Li
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; University of Science and Technology of Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Su
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Julio Sanmiguel
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Morgan Mooney
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christina E Baer
- Sanderson Center for Optical Experimentation, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Russell Ulbrich
- ScientiaLux LLC, Tissue-Gnostics USA-East, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Eyles
- Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lara Strittmatter
- Electron Microscopy Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence J Hayward
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Dominic J Gessler
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Microbiology & Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fahim I, Ishaque A, Ramzan F, Shamsuddin SABA, Ali A, Salim A, Khan I. Overexpression of OLIG2 and MYT1L Transcription Factors Enhance the Differentiation Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Oligodendrocytes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4100-4123. [PMID: 37232730 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demyelinating diseases represent a broad spectrum of disorders and are characterized by the loss of specialized glial cells (oligodendrocytes), which eventually leads to neuronal degeneration. Stem cell-based regenerative approaches provide therapeutic options to regenerate demyelination-induced neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVES The current study aims to explore the role of oligodendrocyte-specific transcription factors (OLIG2 and MYT1L) under suitable media composition to facilitate human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) differentiation toward oligodendrocyte for their potential use to treat demyelinating disorders. METHODOLOGY hUC-MSCs were isolated, cultured, and characterized based on their morphological and phenotypic characteristics. hUC-MSCs were transfected with OLIG2 and MYT1L transcription factors individually and in synergistic (OLIG2 + MYT1L) groups using a lipofectamine-based transfection method and incubated under two different media compositions (normal and oligo induction media). Transfected hUC-MSCs were assessed for lineage specification and differentiation using qPCR. Differentiation was also analyzed via immunocytochemistry by determining the expression of oligodendrocyte-specific proteins. RESULTS All the transfected groups showed significant upregulation of GFAP and OLIG2 with downregulation of NES, demonstrating the MSC commitment toward the glial lineage. Transfected groups also presented significant overexpression of oligodendrocyte-specific markers (SOX10, NKX2.2, GALC, CNP, CSPG4, MBP, and PLP1). Immunocytochemical analysis showed intense expression of OLIG2, MYT1L, and NG2 proteins in both normal and oligo induction media after 3 and 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that OLIG2 and MYT1L have the potential to differentiate hUC-MSCs into oligodendrocyte-like cells, which is greatly facilitated by the oligo induction medium. The study may serve as a promising cell-based therapeutic strategy against demyelination-induced neuronal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah Fahim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Ishaque
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Ramzan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee H, An G, Park J, Lim W, Song G. Molinate induces organ defects by promoting apoptosis, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress during the developmental stage of zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 885:163768. [PMID: 37146827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Molinate is classified as a thiocarbamate herbicide and is mainly used in paddy fields to culture rice. However, the toxic effects of molinate and the associated mechanisms in the process of development have not been completely elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we demonstrated that molinate reduced the viability of zebrafish larvae and the probability of successful hatching using zebrafish (Danio rerio), one of the remarkable in vivo models for testing the toxicity of chemicals. In addition, molinate treatment triggered the occurrence of apoptosis, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, we identified that an abnormal cardiovascular phenotype through wild type zebrafish, neuronal defects through transgenic olig2:dsRed zebrafish, and developmental toxicity in the liver through transgenic lfabp:dsRed zebrafish. Collectively, these results provide evidence of the hazardous effects of molinate on the developmental stage of non-target organisms by elucidating the toxic mechanisms of molinate in developing zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nugent M, St Pierre M, Brown A, Nassar S, Parmar P, Kitase Y, Duck SA, Pinto C, Jantzie L, Fung C, Chavez-Valdez R. Sexual Dimorphism in the Closure of the Hippocampal Postnatal Critical Period of Synaptic Plasticity after Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Link to Oligodendrocyte and Glial Dysregulation. Dev Neurosci 2023; 45:234-254. [PMID: 37019088 DOI: 10.1159/000530451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) resulting from hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HDP) leads to sexually dimorphic hippocampal-dependent cognitive and memory impairment in humans. In our translationally relevant mouse model of IUGR incited by HDP, we have previously shown that the synaptic development in the dorsal hippocampus including GABAergic development, NPTX2+ excitatory synaptic formation, axonal myelination, and perineural net (PNN) formation were perturbed by IUGR at adolescent equivalence in humans (P40). The persistence of these disturbances through early adulthood and the potential upstream mechanisms are currently unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that NPTX2+ expression, PNN formation, axonal myelination, all events closing synaptic development in the hippocampus, will be persistently perturbed, particularly affecting IUGR female mice through P60 given the fact that they had worse short-term recognition memory in this model. We additionally hypothesized that such sexual dimorphism is linked to persistent glial dysregulation. We induced IUGR by a micro-osmotic pump infusion of a potent vasoconstrictor U-46619, a thromboxane A2-analog, in the last week of the C57BL/6 mouse gestation to precipitate HDP. Sham-operated mice were used as controls. At P60, we assessed hippocampal and hemispheric volumes, NPTX2 expression, PNN formation, as well as myelin basic protein (MBP), Olig2, APC/CC1, and M-NF expression. We also evaluated P60 astrocytic (GFAP) reactivity and microglial (Iba1 and TMEM119) activation using immunofluorescent-immunohistochemistry and Imaris morphological analysis plus cytokine profiling using Meso Scale Discovery platform. IUGR offspring continued to have smaller hippocampal volumes at P60 not related to changes in hemisphere volume. NPTX2+ puncta counts and volumes were decreased in IUGR hippocampal CA subregions of female mice compared to sex-matched shams. Intriguingly, NPTX2+ counts and volumes were concurrently increased in the dentate gyrus (DG) subregion. PNN volumes were smaller in CA1 and CA3 of IUGR female mice along with PNN intensity in CA3 but they had larger volumes in the CA3 of IUGR male mice. The myelinated axon (MBP+) areas, volumes, and lengths were all decreased in the CA1 of IUGR female mice compared to sex-matched shams, which correlated with a decrease in Olig2 nuclear expression. No decrease in the number of APC/CC1+ mature oligodendrocytes was identified. We noted an increase in M-NF expression in the mossy fibers connecting DG to CA3 only in IUGR female mice. Reactive astrocytes denoted by GFAP areas, volumes, lengths, and numbers of branching were increased in IUGR female CA1 but not in IUGR male CA3 compared to sex-matched shams. Lastly, activated microglia were only detected in IUGR female CA1 and CA3 subregions. We detected no difference in the cytokine profile between sham and IUGR adult mice of either sex. Collectively, our data support a sexually dimorphic impaired closure of postnatal critical period of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of young adult IUGR mice with greater effects on females. A potential mechanism supporting such dimorphism may include oligodendrocyte dysfunction in IUGR females limiting myelination, allowing axonal overgrowth followed by a reactive glial-mediated synaptic pruning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nugent
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark St Pierre
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashley Brown
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Salma Nassar
- Department of Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pritika Parmar
- Department of Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Ann Duck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles Pinto
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Jantzie
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Camille Fung
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Raul Chavez-Valdez
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fan C, Kim D, An H, Park Y. Identifying an oligodendrocyte enhancer that regulates Olig2 expression. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:835-846. [PMID: 36193754 PMCID: PMC9941837 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Olig2 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays a critical role in the central nervous system. It directs the specification of motor neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) from neural progenitors and the subsequent maturation of OPCs into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OLs). It is also required for the development of astrocytes. Despite a decade-long search, enhancers that regulate the expression of Olig2 remain elusive. We have recently developed an innovative method that maps promoter-distal enhancers to genes in a principled manner. Here, we applied it to Olig2 in the context of OL lineage cells, uncovering an OL enhancer for it (termed Olig2-E1). Silencing Olig2-E1 by CRISPRi epigenome editing significantly downregulated Olig2 expression. Luciferase assay and ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq data show that Olig2-E1 is an OL-specific enhancer that is conserved across human, mouse and rat. Hi-C data reveal that Olig2-E1 physically interacts with OLIG2 and suggest that this interaction is specific to OL lineage cells. In sum, Olig2-E1 is an evolutionarily conserved OL-specific enhancer that drives the expression of Olig2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Fan
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Dongkyeong Kim
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Yungki Park
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fang LP, Liu Q, Meyer E, Welle A, Huang W, Scheller A, Kirchhoff F, Bai X. A subset of OPCs do not express Olig2 during development which can be increased in the adult by brain injuries and complex motor learning. Glia 2023; 71:415-430. [PMID: 36308278 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are uniformly distributed in the mammalian brain; however, their function is rather heterogeneous in respect to their origin, location, receptor/channel expression and age. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Olig2 is expressed in all OPCs as a pivotal determinant of their differentiation. Here, we identified a subset (2%-26%) of OPCs lacking Olig2 in various brain regions including cortex, corpus callosum, CA1 and dentate gyrus. These Olig2 negative (Olig2neg ) OPCs were enriched in the juvenile brain and decreased subsequently with age, being rarely detectable in the adult brain. However, the loss of this population was not due to apoptosis or microglia-dependent phagocytosis. Unlike Olig2pos OPCs, these subset cells were rarely labeled for the mitotic marker Ki67. And, accordingly, BrdU was incorporated only by a three-day long-term labeling but not by a 2-hour short pulse, suggesting these cells do not proliferate any more but were derived from proliferating OPCs. The Olig2neg OPCs exhibited a less complex morphology than Olig2pos ones. Olig2neg OPCs preferentially remain in a precursor stage rather than differentiating into highly branched oligodendrocytes. Changing the adjacent brain environment, for example, by acute injuries or by complex motor learning tasks, stimulated the transition of Olig2pos OPCs to Olig2neg cells in the adult. Taken together, our results demonstrate that OPCs transiently suppress Olig2 upon changes of the brain activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Erika Meyer
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Brain Ischemia and Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Anna Welle
- Department of Genetics and EpiGenetics, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.,Experimental Research Center for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sharif FA, Abuwarda HN. Autoimmunity and re-expression of cancer/testis antigens: Numerous disorders one mechanism hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
27
|
Dermitzakis I, Manthou ME, Meditskou S, Miliaras D, Kesidou E, Boziki M, Petratos S, Grigoriadis N, Theotokis P. Developmental Cues and Molecular Drivers in Myelinogenesis: Revisiting Early Life to Re-Evaluate the Integrity of CNS Myelin. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3208-3237. [PMID: 35877446 PMCID: PMC9324160 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) coordinates its communication through saltatory conduction, facilitated by myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OLs). Despite the fact that neurogenesis from stem cell niches has caught the majority of attention in recent years, oligodendrogenesis and, more specifically, the molecular underpinnings behind OL-dependent myelinogenesis, remain largely unknown. In this comprehensive review, we determine the developmental cues and molecular drivers which regulate normal myelination both at the prenatal and postnatal periods. We have indexed the individual stages of myelinogenesis sequentially; from the initiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, including migration and proliferation, to first contact with the axon that enlists positive and negative regulators for myelination, until the ultimate maintenance of the axon ensheathment and myelin growth. Here, we highlight multiple developmental pathways that are key to successful myelin formation and define the molecular pathways that can potentially be targets for pharmacological interventions in a variety of neurological disorders that exhibit demyelination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iasonas Dermitzakis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Maria Eleni Manthou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Soultana Meditskou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Dimosthenis Miliaras
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (M.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Marina Boziki
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (M.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Steven Petratos
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (M.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.); (D.M.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (M.B.); (N.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|