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Fan Y, Shen Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Li H, Peng Y, Weng J, Xie R, Zhang W, Han Y, Xiao Y, Zhang S, Zheng B, Zhang HL, Li S, Huang W, Huo F, Zhang W. Wedging crystals to fabricate crystalline framework nanosheets via mechanochemistry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6973. [PMID: 39143058 PMCID: PMC11324900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemistry studies the effect of mechanical force on chemical bonds, bringing opportunities for synthesizing alloys, ceramics, organics, polymers, and biomaterials. A vital issue of applying macro-scale mechanical force to manipulate crystal structures is finding ways to precisely adjust the force directions to break micro-scale target chemical bonds. Inspired by a common technique of driving a wedge into the wood to make wood chopping much easier, a wedging strategy of splitting three-dimensional structured crystalline frameworks and then converting them to nanosheets was proposed, where specific molecules were wedged into crystalline frameworks to drive the directional transmission of mechanical force to break chemical bonds. As a result, various crystalline framework nanosheets including metal-organic framework nanosheets, covalent organic framework nanosheets, and coordination polymer nanosheets were fabricated. This wedging crystal strategy exhibits advantages of operability, flexibility and designability, and furthermore, it is expected to expand mechanochemistry applications in material preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zeqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yong Peng
- School of Materials and Energy and Electron Microscopy Centre of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiena Weng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ruijie Xie
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yawen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Suoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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2
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Lyons RJ, Sprick RS. Processing polymer photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3764-3791. [PMID: 38895815 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated materials have emerged as competitive photocatalysts for the production of sustainable hydrogen from water over the last decade. Interest in these polymer photocatalysts stems from the relative ease to tune their electronic properties through molecular engineering, and their potentially low cost. However, most polymer photocatalysts have only been utilised in rudimentary suspension-based photocatalytic reactors, which are not scalable as these systems can suffer from significant optical losses and often require constant agitation to maintain the suspension. Here, we will explore research performed to utilise polymeric photocatalysts in more sophisticated systems, such as films or as nanoparticulate suspensions, which can enhance photocatalytic performance or act as a demonstration of how the polymer can be scaled for real-world applications. We will also discuss how the systems were prepared and consider both the benefits and drawbacks of each system before concluding with an outlook on the field of processable polymer photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Jack Lyons
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK
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3
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Liu D, Zhang C, Shi J, Shi Y, Nga TTT, Liu M, Shen S, Dong CL. Defect Engineering Simultaneously Regulating Exciton Dissociation in Carbon Nitride and Local Electron Density in Pt Single Atoms Toward Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310289. [PMID: 38597769 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The high exciton binding energy (Eb) and sluggish surface reaction kinetics have severely limited the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of carbon nitride (CN). Herein, a hybrid system consisting of nitrogen defects and Pt single atoms is constructed through a facile self-assembly and photodeposition strategy. Due to the acceleration of exciton dissociation and regulation of local electron density of Pt single atoms along with the introduction of nitrogen defects, the optimized Pt-MCT-3 exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 172.0 µmol h-1 (λ ≥ 420 nm), ≈41 times higher than pristine CN. The apparent quantum yield for the hydrogen production is determined to be 27.1% at 420 nm. The experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the nitrogen defects act as the electron traps for the exciton dissociation, resulting in a decrease of Eb from 86.92 to 43.20 meV. Simultaneously, the stronger interaction between neighboring nitrogen defects and Pt single atoms directionally drives free electrons to aggregate around Pt single atoms, and tailors the d-band electrons of Pt, forming a moderate binding strength between Pt atoms and H* intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jinwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Integrated Energy Institute, Sichuan Digital Economy Industry Development Research Institute, 88 Jiefang Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Yuchuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ta Thi Thuy Nga
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Maochang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shaohua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chun-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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Zhao W, Luo L, Cong M, Liu X, Zhang Z, Bahri M, Li B, Yang J, Yu M, Liu L, Xia Y, Browning ND, Zhu WH, Zhang W, Cooper AI. Nanoscale covalent organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6482. [PMID: 39090140 PMCID: PMC11294449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanosizing confers unique functions in materials such as graphene and quantum dots. Here, we present two nanoscale-covalent organic frameworks (nano-COFs) that exhibit exceptionally high activity for photocatalytic hydrogen production that results from their size and morphology. Compared to bulk analogues, the downsizing of COFs crystals using surfactants provides greatly improved water dispersibility and light-harvesting properties. One of these nano-COFs shows a hydrogen evolution rate of 392.0 mmol g-1 h-1 (33.3 μmol h-1), which is one of the highest mass-normalized rates reported for a COF or any other organic photocatalysts. A reverse concentration-dependent photocatalytic phenomenon is observed, whereby a higher photocatalytic activity is found at a lower catalyst concentration. These materials also show a molecule-like excitonic nature, as studied by photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy, which is again a function of their nanoscale dimensions. This charts a new path to highly efficient organic photocatalysts for solar fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Liang Luo
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Muyu Cong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mounib Bahri
- Albert Crewe Centre for Electron Microscopy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Boyu Li
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jing Yang
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Miaojie Yu
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunjie Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nigel D Browning
- Albert Crewe Centre for Electron Microscopy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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5
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Xu T, Wang Z, Zhang W, An S, Wei L, Guo S, Huang Y, Jiang S, Zhu M, Zhang YB, Zhu WH. Constructing Photocatalytic Covalent Organic Frameworks with Aliphatic Linkers. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20107-20115. [PMID: 38842422 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are typically constructed with rigid aromatic linkers for crystallinity and extended π-conjugation. However, the essential hydrophobicity of the aromatic backbone can limit their performances in water-based photocatalytic reactions. Here, we for the first time report the synthesis of hydrophilic COFs with aliphatic linkers [tartaric acid dihydrazide (TAH) and butanedioic acid dihydrazide] that can function as efficient photocatalysts for H2O2 and H2 evolution. In these hydrophilic aliphatic linkers, the specific multiple hydrogen bonding networks not only enhance crystallization but also ensure an ideal compatibility of crystallinity, hydrophilicity, and light harvesting. The resulting aliphatic linker COFs adopt an unusual ABC stacking, giving rise to approximately 0.6 nm nanopores with an improved interaction with water guests. Remarkably, both aliphatic linker-based COFs show strong visible light absorption, along with a narrow optical band gap of ∼1.9 eV. The H2O2 evolution rate for TAH-COF reaches up to 6003 μmol h-1 g-1, in the absence of sacrificial agents, surpassing the performance of all previously reported COF-based photocatalysts. Theoretical calculations reveal that the TAH linker can enhance the indirect two-electron oxygen reduction reaction for H2O2 production by improving the O2 adsorption and stabilizing the *OOH intermediate. This study opens a new avenue for constructing semiconducting COFs using nonaromatic linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuhao An
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shaomeng Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanlin Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wang S, Wu T, Guo J, Zhao R, Hua Y, Zhao Y. Engineering the Hole Transport Layer with a Conductive Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1383-1395. [PMID: 39071056 PMCID: PMC11273455 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Spiro-OMeTAD doped with lithium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide (Li-TFSI) and tertbutyl-pyridine (t-BP) is widely used as a hole transport layer (HTL) in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Spiro-OMeTAD based PSCs typically show poor stability owing to the agglomeration of Li-TFSI, the migration of lithium ions (Li+), and the existence of potential mobile defects originating from the perovskite layer. Thus, it is necessary to search for a strategy that suppresses the degradation of PSCs and overcomes the Shockley Queisser efficiency limit via harvesting excess energy from hot charge carrier. Herein, two covalent organic frameworks (COFs) including BPTA-TAPD-COF and a well-defined donor-acceptor COF (BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ) were developed and incorporated into Spiro-OMeTAD HTL. BPTA-TAPD-COF and BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ could act as multifunctional additives of Spiro-OMeTAD HTL, which improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of the PSC device by accelerating charge-carrier extraction, suppressing the Li+ migration and Li-TFSI agglomeration, and capturing mobile defects. Benefiting from the increased conductivity, the addition of BPTA-TAPD-COF@TCNQ in the device led to the highest power conversion efficiency of 24.68% with long-term stability in harsh conditions. This work provides an example of using COFs as additives of HTL to enable improvements of both efficiency and stability for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuai Wang
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Tai Wu
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rongjun Zhao
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hua
- Yunnan
Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of
Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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7
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Xu H, Xia S, Li C, Li Y, Xing W, Jiang Y, Chen X. Programming Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Promoted Photoinduced Molecular Oxygen Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405476. [PMID: 38706228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite the pivotal role of molecular oxygen (O2) activation in artificial photosynthesis, the activation efficiency is often restricted by sluggish exciton dissociation and charge transfer kinetics within polymer photocatalysts. Herein, we propose two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with tailored donor-acceptor (D-A) structures, TTF-PDI-COF and TTF-TFPP-COF, to promote O2 activation. Because of enhanced electron push-pull interactions that facilitated charge separation and transfer behavior, TTF-PDI-COF exhibited superior photocatalytic activity in electron-induced O2 activation reactions over TTF-TFPP-COF under visible light irradiation, including the photosynthesis of (E)-3-amino-2-thiocyano-α,β-unsaturated compounds and H2O2. These findings highlight the significant potential of the rational design of COFs with D-A configurations as suitable candidates for advanced photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Shuling Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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8
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Yan Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Lu Z, Peng Y, Chen Z, Xu Q. Linkage-Mediated Electronic Structure Modulation in Multicomponent Covalent Organic Frameworks for Dramatically Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401122. [PMID: 38749913 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Linkage chemistry is an essential aspect to covalent organic framework (COF) applications; it is highly desirable to precisely modulate electronic structure mediated directly by linkage for efficient COF-based photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, which however, remains substantially challenging. Herein, as a proof of concept, a collection of robust multicomponent pyrene-based COFs with abundant donor-acceptor (D-A) interactions has been judiciously designed and synthesized through molecularly engineering linkage for photogeneration of hydrogen. Controlled locking and conversion of linkage critically contribute to continuously regulating COFs' electronic structures further to optimize photocatalytic activities. Remarkably, the well-modulated optoelectronic properties turn on the average hydrogen evolution rate from zero to 15.67 mmol g-1 h-1 by the protonated quinoline-linked COF decorated with the trifluoromethyl group (TT-PQCOF-CF3). Using diversified spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we show that multiple modifications toward linkage synergistically lead to the redistribution of charge on COFs with extended π-conjugation and reinforced D-A effect, making TT-PQCOF-CF3 a promising material with significantly boosted carrier separation and migration. This study provides important guidance for the design of high-performance COF photocatalysts based on the strategy of linkage-mediated electronic structure modulation in COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yanming Zhao
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xikai Chen
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14621, United States
| | - Yunlei Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China, University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Zongwei Chen
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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9
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Zhang Z, Hao Z, Yang R, Shan R, Li X, Zhang H. Covalent organic framework with donor-acceptor structure for rapid and sensitive photothermal sensing detection. Food Chem 2024; 445:138724. [PMID: 38350202 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Given the serious harm caused by dietary intake of diethylstilbestrol (DES), it is urgent to explore rapid and sensitive DES sensing methods. In this work, a photothermal DES immunochromatography sensor based on covalent organic framework (COF) was constructed. The performance of COF in the field of photothermal sensing was systematically investigated for the first time. A donor-acceptor type of COF with a photothermal conversion rate of 51.17 % was synthesized. The logarithm of the DES concentrations-temperature change value standard curve was plotted. The intensity of the photothermal sensing signal was inversely proportional to the sample concentration. The detection limit of the proposed photothermal method (0.24 μg·L-1) was 10 times higher than that of visual detection (3 μg·L-1). This work not only constructed a novel detection method for DES sensing, but also provided a feasible demonstration for the application of COF in photothermal sensing and expanded the application of their photothermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Zhenkai Hao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Ruohan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Ruiping Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Shandong Province Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Jinan 250131, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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10
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Jia H, Yao N, Jin Y, Wu L, Zhu J, Luo W. Stabilizing atomic Ru species in conjugated sp 2 carbon-linked covalent organic framework for acidic water oxidation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5419. [PMID: 38926414 PMCID: PMC11208516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Suppressing the kinetically favorable lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism pathway and triggering the adsorbate evolution mechanism pathway at the expense of activity are the state-of-the-art strategies for Ru-based electrocatalysts toward acidic water oxidation. Herein, atomically dispersed Ru species are anchored into an acidic stable vinyl-linked 2D covalent organic framework with unique crossed π-conjugation, termed as COF-205-Ru. The crossed π-conjugated structure of COF-205-Ru not only suppresses the dissolution of Ru through strong Ru-N motifs, but also reduces the oxidation state of Ru by multiple π-conjugations, thereby activating the oxygen coordinated to Ru and stabilizing the oxygen vacancies during oxygen evolution process. Experimental results including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ powder X-ray diffraction patterns, and theoretical calculations unveil the activated oxygen with elevated energy level of O 2p band, decreased oxygen vacancy formation energy, promoted electrochemical stability, and significantly reduced energy barrier of potential determining step for acidic water oxidation. Consequently, the obtained COF-205-Ru displays a high mass activity with 2659.3 A g-1, which is 32-fold higher than the commercial RuO2, and retains long-term durability of over 280 h. This work provides a strategy to simultaneously promote the stability and activity of Ru-based catalysts for acidic water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Jia
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Na Yao
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, PR China
| | - Yiming Jin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Liqing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Juan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
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11
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Wang Y, Qiao Z, Li H, Zhang R, Xiang Z, Cao D, Wang S. Molecular Engineering for Modulating Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Fully Conjugated 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404726. [PMID: 38622997 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently shown great potential for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Currently almost all reports are focused on two-dimensional (2D) COFs, while the 3D counterparts are rarely explored due to their non-conjugated frameworks derived from the sp3 carbon based tetrahedral building blocks. Here, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of fully conjugated 3D COFs by using the saddle-shaped cyclooctatetrathiophene derivative as the building block. Through molecular engineering strategies, we thoroughly discussed the influences of key factors including the donor-acceptor structure, hydrophilicity, specific surface areas, as well as the conjugated/non-conjugated structures on their photocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties. The as-synthesized fully conjugated 3D COFs could generate the hydrogen up to 40.36 mmol h-1 g-1. This is the first report on intrinsic metal-free 3D COFs in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution application. Our work provides insight on the structure design of 3D COFs for highly-efficient photocatalysis, and also reveals that the semiconducting fully conjugated 3D COFs could be a useful platform in clear energy-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zelong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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12
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Li S, Mao Y, Yang J, Li Y, Dong J, Wang Z, Jiang L, He S. Efficient integration of covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) for augmented photocatalytic efficacy: A review of synthesis, strategies, and applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32202. [PMID: 38947430 PMCID: PMC11214378 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis emerges as an exceptionally appealing technological avenue for the direct capture, conversion, and storage of renewable solar energy, facilitating the generation of sustainable and ecologically benign solar fuels and a spectrum of other pertinent applications. Heterogeneous nanocomposites, incorporating Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs), exhibit a wide-ranging spectrum of light absorption, well-suited electronic band structures, rapid charge carrier mobility, ample resource availability, commendable chemical robustness, and straightforward synthetic routes. These attributes collectively position them as highly promising photocatalysts with applicability in diverse fields, including but not limited to the production of photocatalytic solar fuels and the decomposition of environmental contaminants. As the field of photocatalysis through the hybridization of CTFs undergoes rapid expansion, there is a pressing and substantive need for a systematic retrospective analysis and forward-looking evaluation to elucidate pathways for enhancing performance. This comprehensive review commences by directing attention to diverse synthetic methodologies for the creation of composite materials. And then it delves into a thorough exploration of strategies geared towards augmenting performance, encompassing the introduction of electron donor-acceptor (D-A) units, heteroatom doping, defect Engineering, architecture of Heterojunction and optimization of morphology. Following this, it systematically elucidates applications primarily centered around the efficient generation of photocatalytic hydrogen, reduction of carbon dioxide through photocatalysis, and the degradation of organic pollutants. Ultimately, the discourse turns towards unresolved challenges and the prospects for further advancement, offering valuable guidance for the potent harnessing of CTFs in high-efficiency photocatalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Li
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yintian Mao
- Hangzhou Environmental Group Company, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Li
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lixian Jiang
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shilong He
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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13
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Ma S, Hou Y, Yang L, Yue H, Xia H, Liu X. Fully Conjugated Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets for Visible-Light-Driven Organic Synthesis in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202400315. [PMID: 38538541 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic framework (COF) nanosheets have recently garnered great attention as a new class of functional materials. As one of the sustainable processes, however, the photocatalytic organic synthesis in water has not been investigated using COF nanosheets as a photocatalyst to date. Herein, we reported the synthesis of a fully conjugated COF nanosheets with carboxyl functional group through a cooperative strategy of chemical exfoliation and group transformation. The new COF nanosheets was found to be an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for a wide range of organic synthesis including selective oxidation of sulfides and oxidative coupling of benzylamines in water under visible-light illumination. This work contributes a new roadmap for the design and synthesis of functional COF-based nanosheets, but also further extends the application boundary of the ultrathin COF nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, R.P., China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, R.P., China
| | - Liuliu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, R.P., China
| | - Huijuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, R.P., China
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14
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Shu C, Yang X, Liu L, Hu X, Sun R, Yang X, Cooper AI, Tan B, Wang X. Mixed-Linker Strategy for the Construction of Sulfone-Containing D-A-A Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403926. [PMID: 38414401 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The solar-driven photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from water and oxygen using semiconductor catalysts offers a promising approach for converting solar energy into storable chemical energy. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic H2O2 production is often restricted by the low photo-generated charge separation, slow surface reactions and inadequate stability. Here, we developed a mixed-linker strategy to build a donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A) type covalent organic framework (COF) photocatalyst, FS-OHOMe-COF. The FS-OHOMe-COF structure features extended π-π conjugation that improves charge mobility, while the introduction of sulfone units not only as active sites facilitates surface reactions with water but also bolsters stability through increased interlayer forces. The resulting FS-OHOMe-COF has a low exciton binding energy, long excited-state lifetime and high photo-stability that leads to high performance for photocatalytic H2O2 production (up to 1.0 mM h-1) with an H2O2 output of 19 mM after 72 hours of irradiation. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates high stability, which sustained activity over 192 hours of photocatalytic experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoju Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Lunjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool, L7 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Xunliang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool, L7 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road No. 1037, 430074, Wuhan, China
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15
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Lee S, Kim J, Kim H, Kim C, Kim S, Kim C, Lee H, Choi B, Muthu C, Kim T, Lee J, Lee S, Ihee H, Lee JY. Brightening deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes: A path to Rec. 2020. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn8465. [PMID: 38758786 PMCID: PMC11100563 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn8465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) of high purity are highly sought after for next-generation displays complying with the Rec. 2020 standard. However, mixed-halide perovskite materials designed for deep-blue emitters are prone to halide vacancies, which readily occur because of the low formation energy of chloride vacancies. This degrades bandgap instability and performance. Here, we propose a chloride vacancy-targeting passivation strategy using sulfonate ligands with different chain lengths. The sulfonate groups have a strong affinity for lead(II) ions, effectively neutralizing vacancies. Our strategy successfully suppressed phase segregation, yielding color-stable deep-blue PeLEDs with an emission peak at 461 nanometers and a maximum luminance (Lmax) of 2707 candela per square meter with external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.05%, one of the highest for Rec. 2020 standard-compliant deep-blue PeLEDs. We also observed a notable increase in EQE up to 5.68% at Lmax of 1978 candela per square meter with an emission peak at 461 nanometers by changing the carbon chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjae Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Siin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjo Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjun Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chinnadurai Muthu
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbok Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics (CARD), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering (EE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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16
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Zhang JA, Chao Y, Xiao X, Luo S, Chen W, Tian W. Self-Adaptive Aromatic Cation-π Driven Dimensional Polymorphism in Supramolecular Polymers for the Photocatalytic Oxidation and Separation of Aromatic/Cyclic Aliphatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402760. [PMID: 38483296 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of polymorphism is ubiquitous in nature, the controlled manipulation of which not only increases our ontological understanding of nature but also facilitates the conceptualization and realization of novel functional materials. However, achieving targeted polymorphism in supramolecular assemblies (SAs) remains a formidable challenge, largely because of the constraints inherent in controlling the specific binding motifs of noncovalent interactions. Herein, we propose self-adaptive aromatic cation-π binding motifs to construct polymorphic SAs in both the solid and solution states. Using distinct discrete cation-π-cation and long-range cation-π binding motifs enables control of the self-assembly directionality of a C2h-symmetric bifunctional monomer, resulting in the successful formation of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional crystalline SAs (2D-CSA and 3D-CSA). The differences in the molecular packing of 3D-CSA compared with that of 2D-CSA significantly improve the charge separation and carrier mobility, leading to enhanced photocatalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of thioanisole to methyl phenyl sulfoxide (yield of 99 % vs 57 %). 2D-CSA, which has a vertical extended structure with favorable stronger interaction with toluene though face-to-face cation-π interactions than methylcyclohexane, shows higher toluene/methylcyclohexane separation efficiency than 3D-CSA (96.9 % for 2D-CSA vs 56.3 % for 3D-CSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-An Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yi Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xuedong Xiao
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wenzhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian-yang, 712046, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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17
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Zhou E, Wang F, Zhang X, Hui Y, Wang Y. Cyanide-based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Overall Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400999. [PMID: 38489230 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxygen reduction to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a promising route to providing oxidants for various industrial applications. However, the lack of well-designed photocatalysts for efficient overall H2O2 production in pure water has impeded ongoing research and practical thrusts. Here we present a cyanide-based covalent organic framework (TBTN-COFs) combining 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3,5-tricarbonitrile (TBTN) and benzotrithiophene-2,5,8-tricarbaldehyde (BTT) building blocks with water-affinity and charge-separation. The ultrafast intramolecular electron transfer (<500 fs) and prolonged excited state lifetime (748 ps) can be realized by TBTN-COF, resulting in a hole accumulated BTT and electron-rich TBTN building block. Under one sun, the 11013 μmol h-1 g-1 yield rate of H2O2 can be achieved without any sacrificial agent, outperforming most previous reports. Furthermore, the DFT calculation and in situ DRIFTS spectrums suggesting a Yeager-type absorption of *O2⋅- intermediate in the cyanide active site, which prohibits the formation of superoxide radical and revealing a favored H2O2 production pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Futong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yangdan Hui
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yaobing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
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18
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Aitchison CM, Gonzalez-Carrero S, Yao S, Benkert M, Ding Z, Young NP, Willner B, Moruzzi F, Lin Y, Tian J, Nellist PD, Durrant JR, McCulloch I. Templated 2D Polymer Heterojunctions for Improved Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300037. [PMID: 37165538 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
2D polymers have emerged as one of the most promising classes of organic photocatalysts for solar fuel production due to their tunability, charge-transport properties, and robustness. They are however difficult to process and so there are limited studies into the formation of heterojunction materials incorporating these components. In this work, a novel templating approach is used to combine an imine-based donor polymer and an acceptor polymer formed through Knoevenagel condensation. Heterojunction formation is shown to be highly dependent on the topological match of the donor and acceptor polymers with the most active templated material found to be between three and nine times more active for photocatalysis than its constituent components. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that this improvement is due to faster charge separation and more efficient charge extraction in the templated heterojunction. The templated material shows a very high hydrogen evolution rate of >20 mmol h-1 m-2 with an ascorbic acid hole scavenger but also produces hydrogen in the presence of only water and a cobalt-based redox mediator. This suggests the improved charge-separation interface and reduced trapping accessed through this approach could be suitable for Z-scheme formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Soranyel Gonzalez-Carrero
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shilin Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Max Benkert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Zhiyuan Ding
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Neil P Young
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Benjamin Willner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Floriana Moruzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yuanbao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Junfu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Peter D Nellist
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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19
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Su Y, Li K, Li Z, Tian Y, Liu B, Yue G, Tian Y. Visible light to the second near-infrared light-harvesting donor-acceptor 1-donor-acceptor 2-type terpolymers for boosted photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via dual-sulfone-acceptor engineering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:333-344. [PMID: 38301470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Developing visible to near-infrared light-absorbing conjugated polymer photocatalysts is crucial for enhancing solar energy utilization efficiency, as most conjugated organic polymers only absorb light in the visible range. In this work, we firstly developed a novel thiophene S,S-dioxide (TDO) monomer with the stronger electron-withdrawing character, and then prepared a series of donor-acceptor1-donor-acceptor2-type (D-A1-D-A2-type) conjugated terpolymers (THTDB-1-THTDB-5) by statistically adjusting the molar ratio of two sulfone-based acceptor monomers, dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide (BTDO, A1) and TDO (A2). These terpolymers demonstrate a gradually expanding absorption range from visible light to the second near-infrared (Vis-to-NIR-II) region with the gradual increase of the TDO contents in the polymer skeleton, showcasing excellent absorption properties and efficient light-capturing capabilities. The optimized D-A1-D-A2 polymer photocatalyst THTDB-4 exhibits a high hydrogen evolution rate of 21.27 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light without any co-catalyst. The dual-sulfone-acceptor engineering offers a viable approach for developing efficient the longer Vis-to-NIR-II light-harvesting polymer photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanle Su
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Keming Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Zhanfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
| | - Yanting Tian
- College of Physics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Screen Display Organic Materials Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia Sinostar Display Material Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 750003, PR China
| | - Gang Yue
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Screen Display Organic Materials Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia Sinostar Display Material Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 750003, PR China
| | - Yue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
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20
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Qin Y, She P, Wang Y, Wong WY. An All-In-One Integrating Strategy for Designing Platinum(II)-Based Supramolecular Polymers for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400259. [PMID: 38624171 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Organic polymer photocatalysts have achieved significant progress in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, while developing the integrated organic polymers possessing the functions of photosensitizer, electron transfer mediator, and catalyst simultaneously is urgently needed and presents a great challenge. Considering that chalcogenoviologens are able to act as photosensitizers and electron-transfer mediators, a series of chalcogenoviologen-containing platinum(II)-based supramolecular polymers is designed, which exhibited strong visible light-absorbing ability and suitable bandgap for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution without the use of a cocatalyst. The hydrogen evolution rate (HER) increases steadily with the decrease in an optical gap of the polymer. Among these "all-in-one" polymers, Se-containing 2D porous polymer exhibited the best photocatalytic performance with a HER of 3.09 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light (>420 nm) irradiation. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the distinct intramolecular charge transfer characteristics and heteroatom N in terpyridine unit promote charge separation and transfer within the molecules. This work could provide new insights into the design of metallo-supramolecular polymers with finely tuned components for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Qin
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei She
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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21
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Zhang Y, Li S, Hu X, Fang Y, Duan R, Chen Q. W-N heteroatom-interface in melon carbon nitride/N-doped tungsten oxide Z-Scheme photocatalyst toward improved photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:94-104. [PMID: 38159493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The construction of heterointerface in photocatalyst is an efficient approach to boost the separation and utilization efficiency of charge carriers, which is challenging and crucial in photocatalysis. Here, the construction of melon-structured carbon nitride/N-doped WO3 (MCN/NWx) heterojunction photocatalyst was achieved by a method of prealcoholysis combined with thermal polymerization, where N-doping of WO3 was achieved in-situ in the formation of heterojunction. The promoted charge separation efficiency was realized through the charge transfer from the conduction band of N-doped WO3 to the valence band of the MCN. Density functional theory calculation results showed that the formation of the W-N heteroatom-interface led to the increase of density of states at the heterointerface and decrease of the band gap. The MCN/NWx nanocomposite featured a metallic band structure of the nanocomposite photocatalysts, resulting in the enhanced photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of the MCN/NW2 was enhanced about 2.5 times than that of MCN. This research provides a novel insight into the construction of a novel heteroatom-junction that boosts the separation efficiency of charge carriers, and thereby improves the photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrong Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Shuaitao Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xun Hu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanfen Fang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Ran Duan
- Ms Ran Duan, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qifeng Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.
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22
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Ma F, Wen Y, Fu P, Zhang J, Tang Q, Chen T, Luo W, Zhou Y, Wang J. Engineering 0D/2D Architecture of Ni(OH) 2 Nanoparticles on Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets for Selective Visible-Light-Driven CO 2 Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305767. [PMID: 37919097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional materials serving as photocatalysts favor providing abundant unsaturated active sites and shortening the charge transport distance, but the high surface energy readily causes the aggregation that limits their application. Herein, it is demonstrated that 2D covalent organic framework (COF) TpBD nanosheets are effective in the dispersion and stabilization of 0D Ni(OH)2 . The COF precursor TpBD is synthesized from the Schiff base condensation of 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and benzidine (BD) and exfoliated into 2D nanosheets named BDNs via ultrasonication. The formation of highly dispersive 0D Ni(OH)2 on BDNs is reached under a mild weak basic condition, enabling robust active sites for CO2 adsorption/activation and rapid interface cascaded electron transport channels for the accumulation of long-lived photo-generated charges. The champion catalyst 30%Ni-BDNs effectively catalyze the CO2 to CO conversion under visible-light irradiation, offering a high CO evolution rate of 158.4 mmol g-1 h-1 and turnover frequency of 51 h-1 . By contrast, the counterpart photocatalyst, the bulk TpBD stabilized Ni(OH)2 , affords a much lower CO evolution rate and selectivity. This work demonstrates a new avenue to simultaneously construct efficient active sites and electron transport channels by coupling 0D metal hydroxides and 2D COF nanosheets for CO2 photoreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangpei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Hangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wen Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Hangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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23
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Aitchison CM, McCulloch I. Organic Photovoltaic Materials for Solar Fuel Applications: A Perfect Match? CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:1781-1792. [PMID: 38435046 PMCID: PMC10902810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This work discusses the use of donor and acceptor materials from organic photovoltaics in solar fuel applications. These two routes to solar energy conversion have many shared materials design parameters, and in recent years there has been increasing overlap of the molecules and polymers used in each. Here, we examine whether this is a good approach, where knowledge can be translated, and where further consideration to molecular design is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United
Kingdom
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United
Kingdom
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24
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Hou Y, Zhou P, Liu F, Lu Y, Tan H, Li Z, Tong M, Ni J. Efficient Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide by Cyano-Containing Covalent Organic Frameworks from Water, Air and Sunlight. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318562. [PMID: 38151472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The insufficient exciton (e- -h+ pair) separation/transfer and sluggish two-electron water oxidation are two main factors limiting the H2 O2 photosynthetic efficiency of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) photocatalysts. Herein, we present an alternative strategy to simultaneously facilitate exciton separation/transfer and reduce the energy barrier of two-electron water oxidation in COFs via a dicyano functionalization. The in situ characterization and theoretical calculations reveal that the dicyano functionalization improves the amount of charge transfer channels between donor and acceptor units from two in COF-0CN without cyano functionalization to three in COF-1CN with mono-cyano functionalization and four in COF-2CN with dicyano functionalization, leading to the highest separation/transfer efficiency in COF-2CN. More importantly, the dicyano group activates the neighbouring C atom to produce the key *OH intermediate for effectively reducing the energy barrier of rate-determining two-electron water oxidation in H2 O2 photosynthesis. The simultaneously enhanced exciton separation/transfer and two-electron water oxidation in COF-2CN result in high H2 O2 yield (1601 μmol g-1 h-1 ) from water and oxygen without using sacrificial reagent under visible-light irradiation. COF-2CN can effectively yield H2 O2 in water with wide pH range, in different real water samples, in scaled-up reactor under natural sunlight irradiation, and in continuous-flow reactor for consecutively producing H2 O2 solution for water decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Hou
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Fuyang Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yanyu Lu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meiping Tong
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jinren Ni
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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25
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Samajdar S, Golda A S, Lakhera SK, Ghosh S. Recent progress in chromium removal from wastewater using covalent organic frameworks - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141028. [PMID: 38142883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer a pivotal solution to urgently address heavy metal removal from wastewater due to their exceptional attributes such as high adsorption capacity, tunable porosity, controllable energy band structures, superior photocatalytic performance, and high stability-reusability. Despite these advantages, COFs encounter certain challenges, including inefficient utilization of visible light, rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers, and limited access to active sites due to close stacking. To enhance the photocatalytic and adsorptive performance of COF-based catalysts, various modification strategies have been reported, with a particular focus on molecular design, structural regulation, and heterostructure engineering. This review comprehensively explores recent advancements in COF-based photocatalytic and adsorptive materials for chromium removal from wastewater, addressing kinetics, mechanisms, and key influencing factors. Additionally, it sheds light on the influence of chemical composition and functional groups of COFs on the efficiency of hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumita Samajdar
- CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Raja S. C, Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shiny Golda A
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Lakhera
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Srabanti Ghosh
- CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Raja S. C, Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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26
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Fu G, Yang D, Xu S, Li S, Zhao Y, Yang H, Wu D, Petkov PS, Lan ZA, Wang X, Zhang T. Construction of Thiadiazole-Bridged sp 2-Carbon-Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks with Diminished Excitation Binding Energy Toward Superior Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1318-1325. [PMID: 38181378 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Sp2-carbon-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (sp2c-COFs) have emerged as promising platforms for phototo-chemical energy conversion due to their tailorable optoelectronic properties, in-plane π-conjugations, and robust structures. However, the development of sp2c-COFs in photocatalysis is still highly hindered by their limited linkage chemistry. Herein, we report a novel thiadiazole-bridged sp2c-COF (sp2c-COF-ST) synthesized by thiadiazole-mediated aldol-type polycondensation. The resultant sp2c-COF-ST demonstrates high chemical stability under strong acids and bases (12 M HCl or 12 M NaOH). The electro-deficient thiadiazole together with fully conjugated and planar skeleton endows sp2c-COF-ST with superior photoelectrochemical performance and charge-carrier separation and migration ability. As a result, when employed as a photocathode, sp2c-COF-ST exhibits a significant photocurrent up to ∼14.5 μA cm-2 at 0.3 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) under visible-light irradiation (>420 nm), which is much higher than those analogous COFs with partial imine linkages (mix-COF-SNT ∼ 9.5 μA cm-2) and full imine linkages (imi-COF-SNNT ∼ 4.9 μA cm-2), emphasizing the importance of the structure-property relationships. Further temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the sp2c-COF-ST has smaller exciton binding energy as well as effective mass in comparison to mix-COF-SNT and imi-COF-SNNT, which suggests that the sp2c-conjugated skeleton enhances the exciton dissociation and carrier migration under light irradiation. This work highlights the design and preparation of thiadiazole-bridged sp2c-COFs with promising photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Denghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shunqi Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Shengxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Daheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Petko Stoev Petkov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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27
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Xing F, Liu S, Li J, Wang C, Jin S, Jin H, Li J. Modulate the Strong Exciton Effect by Na + Coordination-Induced Trap States: Efficient Photocatalytic H 2O 2 Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:860-868. [PMID: 38151338 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to the strong Coulomb interaction, in most polymer photocatalysts, electron-hole pairs exist in the form of excitons rather than free charge carriers. The giant excitonic effect is a key obstacle to generating free charge carriers. Therefore, effectively regulating the exciton effect is the first step to achieving optimized carrier separation. Here, we used C-ring/g-C3N4 as the prototypical model system to design a photocatalyst with a Na-coordination-induced trap state. We demonstrate that the excitons can be effectively dissociated into charge carriers by combining with the trap state formed by Na doping sites. Encouragingly, signals from the dissociation of excitons into carriers were observed by ultrafast transient spectroscopy. Benefiting from the enhanced exciton dissociation, Na-C/CN displayed a H2O2 production rate of 17.4 mmol·L-1·h-1 with an apparent quantum efficiency up to 26.9% at 380 nm, which is much higher than many other g-C3N4-based photocatalysts. This work explains the effect of cation doping on the exciton-carrier behavior in polymers. Also, it provides a new way to regulate the exciton effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shiqiao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaohua Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haibo Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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28
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Xu J, Liu W, Jiang L, Jing X, Liu LL, Li Z. Calix[4]arene-Derived 2D Covalent Organic Framework with an Electron Donor-Acceptor Structure: A Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalyst. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304989. [PMID: 37626453 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The calixarenes are ideal building blocks for constructing photocatalytic covalent organic frameworks (COFs), owing to their electron-rich and bowl-shaped π cavities that endow them with electron-donating and adsorption properties. However, the synthesis and structural confirmation of COFs based on calixarenes are still challenging due to their structural flexibility and conformational diversity. In this study, a calix[4]arene-derived 2D COF is synthesized using 5,11,17,23-tetrakis(p-formyl)-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (CHO-C4A) as the electron donor and 4,7-bis(4-aminophenyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) as the acceptor. The powder X-ray diffraction data and theoretical simulation of crystal structure indicate that COF-C4A-BTD exhibits high crystallinity and features a non-interpenetrating undulating 2D layered structure with AA-stacking. The density functional theory theoretical calculation, transient-state photocurrent tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirm the intramolecular charge transfer behavior of COF-C4A-BTD with a donor-acceptor structure, leading to its superior visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity. COF-C4A-BTD exhibits a narrow band gap of 1.99 eV and a conduction band energy of -0.37 V versus normal hydrogen electrode. The appropriate energy band structure can facilitate the participation of ·O2- and h+ . COF-C4A-BTD demonstrates high efficacy in removing organic pollutants, such as bisphenol A, rhodamine B, and methylene blue, with removal rates of 66%, 85%, and 99% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Xu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, No.30 Qiangquan Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, No.100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lisha Jiang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, No.30 Qiangquan Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Xiaofei Jing
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, No.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Lei-Lei Liu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, No.30 Qiangquan Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Zhongyue Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, No.30 Qiangquan Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
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29
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Zhang Z, Xu Y. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Highly Crystalline Zwitterionic Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks with Exceptional Photocatalytic Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25222-25232. [PMID: 37856866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ionic covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring both crystallinity and ionic characteristics have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Compared with single anion- or cation-containing ionic COFs, zwitterionic COFs possess unique functionalities beyond single ionic COFs such as tunable charge density and superhydrophilic and highly ion-conductive characteristics, endowing them with huge potential in various applications. However, it remains a considerable challenge to directly synthesize robust, highly crystalline zwitterionic COFs from the original building blocks. Herein, we report a green hydrothermal synthesis strategy to prepare highly crystalline zwitterionic vinylene-linked COFs (ZVCOFs) from the predesigned zwitterionic building block by utilizing 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as the high-efficiency catalyst for the first time. Detailed theoretical calculations and experiments revealed that both the high catalytic activity of DMAP and the unique role of water contributed to the formation of highly crystalline ZVCOFs. It was found that the participation of water could not only remarkably reduce the activation energy barrier and thus enhance the reaction reversibility but also enable the hydration of zwitterionic sites and facilitate ordered layered arrangement, which are favorable for the ZVCOF crystallization. Benefiting from the highly π-conjugated structure and hydrophilic characteristic, the obtained ZVCOFs achieved an ultrahigh sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 2052 μmol h-1 under visible light irradiation with an apparent quantum yield up to 47.1% at 420 nm, superior to nearly all COF-based photocatalysts ever reported. Moreover, the ZVCOFs could be deposited on a support as a photocatalytic film device, which demonstrated a remarkable photocatalytic performance of 402.1 mmol h-1 m-2 for hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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30
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Xia Y, Zhang W, Yang S, Wang L, Yu G. Research Progress in Donor-Acceptor Type Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301190. [PMID: 37094607 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are new organic porous materials constructed by covalent bonds, with the advantages of pre-designable topology, adjustable pore size, and abundant active sites. Many research studies have shown that COFs exhibit great potential in gas adsorption, molecular separation, catalysis, drug delivery, energy storage, etc. However, the electrons and holes of intrinsic COF are prone to compounding in transport, and the carrier lifetime is short. The donor-acceptor (D-A) type COFs, which are synthesized by introducing D and A units into the COFs backbone, combine separated electron and hole migration pathway, tunable band gap and optoelectronic properties of D-A type polymers with the unique advantages of COFs and have made great progress in related research in recent years. Here, the synthetic strategies of D-A type COFs are first outlined, including the rational design of linkages and D-A units as well as functionalization approaches. Then the applications of D-A type COFs in catalytic reactions, photothermal therapy, and electronic materials are systematically summarized. In the final section, the current challenges, and new directions for the development of D-A type COFs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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31
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Wang S, Wu T, Wu S, Guo J, He T, Wu Y, Yuan W, Zhang Z, Hua Y, Zhao Y. Cobaloxime-Integrated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Coupled with Alcohol Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311082. [PMID: 37698088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
We report an azide-functionalized cobaloxime proton-reduction catalyst covalently tethered into the Wurster-type covalent organic frameworks (COFs). The cobaloxime-modified COF photocatalysts exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alcohol-containing solution with no presence of a typical sacrificial agent. The best performing cobaloxime-modified COF hybrid catalyzes hydrogen production with an average HER rate up to 38 μmol h-1 in ethanol/phosphate buffer solution under 4 h illumination. Ultrafast transient optical spectroscopy characterizations and charge carrier analysis reveal that the alcohol contents functioning as hole scavengers could be oxidized by the photogenerated holes of COFs to form aldehydes and protons. The consumption of the photogenerated holes thus suppresses exciton recombination of COFs and improves the ratio of free electrons that were effectively utilized to drive catalytic reaction for HER. This work demonstrates a great potential of COF-catalyzed HER using alcohol solvents as hole scavengers and provides an example toward realizing the accessibility to the scope of reaction conditions and a greener route for energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuai Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Tai Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuyang Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jingjing Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ting He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yinglong Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhengyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yong Hua
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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32
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Qin N, Mao A, Li L, Lin C, Zhai L, Liu J, Zou J, Cui CX, Mi L. Rational Design of Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Modulating Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300872. [PMID: 37466030 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Vinylene-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted enormous attention for photocatalytic H2 evolution from water because of their fully conjugated structures, high chemical stabilities, and enhanced charge-carrier mobilities. In this work, two novel vinylene-linked COFs with tuned cyano contents were successfully synthesized and then employed as photocatalysts for H2 generation. Notably, the photocatalytic H2 production rate of the COF with the higher cyano content reached 73 μmol h-1 under visible light irradiation, which is 2.4 times higher than that with the lower content (30 μmol h-1 ). Both the experimental and computational results demonstrated that the rational design incorporating cyano groups into COF skeletons could precisely tune the corresponding energy levels, expand the visible-light absorption, and improve the photoinduced charge separation. This work not only provides a simple method for modulating the photocatalytic activities of COFs at the molecular level, but also affords interesting insights into the relationship between their structures and photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Aojie Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Linqiang Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Zhai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Zou
- Institute of Energy Research, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Xing Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, P. R. China
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33
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Cheng J, Wan S, Cao S. Promoting Solar-driven Hydrogen Peroxide Production over Thiazole-based Conjugated Polymers via Generating and Converting Singlet Oxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310476. [PMID: 37581316 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Solar-driven synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) from water and air provides a low-cost and eco-friendly alternative route to the traditional anthraquinone method. Herein, four thiazole-based conjugated polymers (Tz-CPs: TTz, BTz, TBTz and BBTz) are synthesized via aldimine condensation. BBTz exhibits the highest H2 O2 production rate of 7274 μmol g-1 h-1 in pure water. Further, the reaction path is analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) and theoretical calculation, highlighting the prominent role of singlet oxygen (1 O2 ). The generation of 1 O2 occurs through the oxidation of superoxide radical (⋅O2 - ) and subsequent conversion into endoperoxides via [4+2] cycloaddition over BBTz, which promotes charge separation and reduces the barrier for H2 O2 production. This work provides new insight into the mechanism of photocatalytic O2 reduction and the molecular design of superior single-polymer photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shaowen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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34
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Lin WC, Chang CL, Shih CH, Lin WC, Yu Lai Z, Chang JW, Ting LY, Huang TF, Sun YE, Huang HY, Lin YT, Liu JJ, Wu YH, Tseng YT, Zhuang YR, Li BH, Su AC, Yu CH, Chen CW, Lin KH, Jeng US, Chou HH. Sulfide Oxidation on Ladder-Type Heteroarenes to Construct All-Acceptor Copolymers for Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302682. [PMID: 37322304 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) have recently gained increasing attention as photocatalysts for sunlight-driven hydrogen evolution. However, they suffer from insufficient electron output sites and poor solubility in organic solvents, severely limiting their photocatalytic performance and applicability. Herein, solution-processable all-acceptor (A1 -A2 )-type CPs based on sulfide-oxidized ladder-type heteroarene are synthesized. A1 -A2 -type CPs showed upsurging efficiency improvements by two to three orders of magnitude, compared to their donor-acceptor -type CP counterparts. Furthermore, by seawater splitting, PBDTTTSOS exhibited an apparent quantum yield of 18.9% to 14.8% at 500 to 550 nm. More importantly, PBDTTTSOS achieved an excellent hydrogen evolution rate of 35.7 mmol h-1 g-1 and 150.7 mmol h-1 m-2 in the thin-film state, which is among the highest efficiencies in thin film polymer photocatalysts to date. This work provides a novel strategy for designing polymer photocatalysts with high efficiency and broad applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Li Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsuan Shih
- Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Lin
- Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Ze- Yu Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Je-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Ting
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Fu Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yu-En Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tung Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Jen Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Rang Zhuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Heng Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - An-Chung Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Yu
- Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wen Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Han Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Hsiu Chou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- College of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
- Photonics Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
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35
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Gao C, Guan X, Zhang M, Hu H, Chen L, Sun C, Zhang C, Du Y, Hu B. Enhancing the Iodine Adsorption Capacity of Pyrene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks by Regulating the Pore Environment. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300311. [PMID: 37469031 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Regulating of pore environment is an efficient way to improve the performance of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for specific application requirements. Herein, the design and synthesis of two pyrene-based 2D COFs with -H or -Me substituents, TFFPy-PPD-COF and TFFPy-TMPD-COF are reported. Both of them show long order structure and high porosity, in which TFFPy-PPD-COF displays a larger pore volume and bigger BET surface area (2587 m2 g-1 , 1.17 cm3 g-1 ). Interestingly, TFPPy-TMPD-COF exhibits a much higher vapor iodine capacity (4.8 g g-1 ) than TFPPy-PPD-COF (2.9 g g-1 ), in contrast to their pore volume size. By using multiple techniques, the better performance of TFPPy-TMPD-COF in iodine capture is ascribed to the altered pore environment by introducing methyl groups, which contributes to the formation of polyiodide anions and enhances the interactions between the frameworks and iodine. These results will be helpful for understanding the effect of pore environment in COFs for iodine uptake and constructing novel structure with high iodine capture performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Menghui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yang Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
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36
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Liu Z, Xu B, Jiang YJ, Zhou Y, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhu W. Photocatalytic Conversion of Methane: Current State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2023; 3:252-276. [PMID: 37743954 PMCID: PMC10515711 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.3c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
With 28-34 times the greenhouse effect of CO2 over a 100-year period, methane is regarded as the second largest contributor to global warming. Reducing methane emissions is a necessary measure to limit global warming to below 1.5 °C. Photocatalytic conversion of methane is a promising approach to alleviate the atmospheric methane concentrations due to its low energy consumption and environmentally friendly characteristics. Meanwhile, this conversion process can produce valuable chemicals and liquid fuels such as CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, C2H6, and C2H4, cutting down the dependence of chemical production on crude oil. However, the development of photocatalysts with a high methane conversion efficiency and product selectivity remains challenging. In this review, we overview recent advances in semiconductor-based photocatalysts for methane conversion and present catalyst design strategies, including morphology control, heteroatom doping, facet engineering, and cocatalysts modification. To gain a comprehensive understanding of photocatalytic methane conversion, the conversion pathways and mechanisms in these systems are analyzed in detail. Moreover, the role of electron scavengers in methane conversion performance is briefly discussed. Subsequently, we summarize the anthropogenic methane emission scenarios on earth and discuss the application potential of photocatalytic methane conversion. Finally, challenges and future directions for photocatalytic methane conversion are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Frontiers
Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the
Environment and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Biyang Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Frontiers
Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the
Environment and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Jing Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Frontiers
Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the
Environment and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key
Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID),
Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing
University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xiaolian Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality
Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Frontiers
Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the
Environment and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenlei Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Frontiers
Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the
Environment and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
University, Nanjing 210023, China
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37
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Wan Y, Zhang J, Wang D, Sun P, Shi L, Li S, Zhang J, Yan X, Wu X. A Data-Driven Search of Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Visible-Light-Driven Overall Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7421-7432. [PMID: 37578905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with versatile structural and optoelectronic properties that can be tuned with building blocks and topological structures have received widespread attention for photocatalytic water splitting in recent years. However, few of these have been reported for overall water splitting under visible light. Here, we present a data-driven search of 2D COFs capable of visible-light-driven overall water splitting by combining high-throughput first-principles computations and experimental validations. Seven 2D COFs were identified to be capable of overall water splitting from the CoRE COF database, and their photocatalytic activities were further verified and optimized by our preliminary experiments. The production rates of H2 and O2 reached 80 and 32 μmol g-1 h-1, respectively, without using sacrificial agents. This work represents an attempt to explore 2D COFs for visible-light-driven overall water splitting with a data-driven approach that could accelerate the discovery and design of COFs toward photocatalytic overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information and Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Pengting Sun
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lebin Shi
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Shun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Yan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information and Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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38
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He T, Zhao Y. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Energy Conversion in Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303086. [PMID: 37093128 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Intensifying energy crises and severe environmental issues have led to the discovery of renewable energy sources, sustainable energy conversion, and storage technologies. Photocatalysis is a green technology that converts eco-friendly solar energy into high-energy chemicals. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous materials constructed by covalent bonds that show promising potential for converting solar energy into chemicals owing to their pre-designable structures, high crystallinity, and porosity. Herein, we highlight recent progress in the synthesis of COF-based photocatalysts and their applications in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and H2 O2 production. The challenges and future opportunities for the rational design of COFs for advanced photocatalysts are discussed. This Review is expected to promote further development of COFs toward photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Hou Y, Liu F, Nie C, Li Z, Tong M. Boosting Exciton Dissociation and Charge Transfer in Triazole-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks by Increasing the Donor Unit from One to Two for the Efficient Photocatalytic Elimination of Emerging Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11675-11686. [PMID: 37486062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
As novel photocatalysts, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have potential for water purification. Insufficient exciton dissociation and low charge mobility in COFs yet restricted their photocatalytic activity. Excitonic dissociation and charge transfer in COFs could be optimized via regulating the donor-acceptor (D-A) interactions through adjusting the number of donor units within COFs, yet relevant research is lacking. By integrating the 1,2,4-triazole or bis-1,2,4-triazole unit with quinone, we fabricated COF-DT (with a single donor unit) and COF-DBT (with double donor units) via a facile sonochemical method and used to decontaminate emerging contaminants. Due to the stronger D-A interactions than COF-DT, the exciton binding energy was lower for COF-DBT, facilitating the intermolecular charge transfer process. The degradation kinetics of tetracycline (model contaminant) by COF-DBT (k = (12.21 ± 1.29) × 10-2 min-1) was higher than that by COF-DT (k = (5.11 ± 0.59) × 10-2 min-1) under visible-light irradiation. COF-DBT could efficiently photodegrade tetracycline under complex water chemistry conditions and four real water samples. Moreover, six other emerging contaminants, both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, could also be effectively eliminated by COF-DBT. High tetracycline degradation performance achieved in a continuous-flow system and in five reused cycles in both laboratory and outdoor experiments with sunlight irradiation showed the stability and the potential for the practical application of COF-DBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fuyang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chenyi Nie
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhengmao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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Zhou C, Gao J, Deng Y, Wang M, Li D, Xia C. Electric double layer-mediated polarization field for optimizing photogenerated carrier dynamics and thermodynamics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3592. [PMID: 37328488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency is limited due to unfavorable carrier dynamics and thermodynamic performance. Here, we propose to introduce electronegative molecules to build an electric double layer (EDL) to generate a polarization field instead of the traditional built-in electric field to improve carrier dynamics, and optimize the thermodynamics by regulating the chemical coordination of surface atoms. Based on theoretical simulation, we designed CuNi@EDL and applied it as the cocatalyst of semiconductor photocatalysts, finally achieved a hydrogen evolution rate of 249.6 mmol h-1 g-1 and remained stable after storing under environmental conditions for more than 300 days. The high H2 yield is mainly due to the perfect work function, Fermi level and Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption, improved light absorption ability, enhanced electron transfer dynamics, decreased HER overpotential and effective carrier transfer channel arose by EDL. Here, our work opens up new perspectives for the design and optimization of photosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Zhou
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electronic (Group) Co.; Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jian Gao
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electronic (Group) Co.; Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China.
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Yunlong Deng
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electronic (Group) Co.; Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ming Wang
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electronic (Group) Co.; Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Li
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electronic (Group) Co.; Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Wang FD, Yang LJ, Wang XX, Rong Y, Yang LB, Zhang CX, Yan FY, Wang QL. Pyrazine-Functionalized Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution with High Proton Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207421. [PMID: 36890778 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The well-defined 2D or 3D structure of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) makes it have great potential in photoelectric conversion and ions conduction fields. Herein, a new donor-accepter (D-A) COF material, named PyPz-COF, constructed from electron donor 4,4',4″,4'″-(pyrene-1,3,6,8-tetrayl)tetraaniline and electron accepter 4,4'-(pyrazine-2,5-diyl)dibenzaldehyde with an ordered and stable π-conjugated structure is reported. Interestingly, the introduction of pyrazine ring endows the PyPz-COF a distinct optical, electrochemical, charge-transfer properties, and also brings plentiful CN groups that enrich the proton by hydrogen bonds to enhance the photocatalysis performance. Thus, PyPz-COF exhibits a significantly improved photocatalytic hydrogen generation performance up to 7542 µmol g-1 h-1 with Pt as cocatalyst, also in clear contrast to that of PyTp-COF without pyrazine introduction (1714 µmol g-1 h-1 ). Moreover, the abundant nitrogen sites of the pyrazine ring and the well-defined 1D nanochannels enable the as-prepared COFs to immobilize H3 PO4 proton carriers in COFs through hydrogen bond confinement. The resulting material has an impressive proton conduction up to 8.10 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 353 K, 98% RH. This work will inspire the design and synthesis of COF-based materials with both efficient photocatalysis and proton conduction performance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Dong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Yi Rong
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Li-Bin Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Xi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Fang-You Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Lun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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Qian Y, Han Y, Zhang X, Yang G, Zhang G, Jiang HL. Computation-based regulation of excitonic effects in donor-acceptor covalent organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3083. [PMID: 37248231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The strong excitonic effects widely exist in polymer-semiconductors and the large exciton binding energy (Eb) seriously limits their photocatalysis. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to assess band alignment and charge transfer feature of potential donor-acceptor (D-A) covalent organic frameworks (COFs), using 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT) or 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) as acceptors and tereph-thaldehydes functionalized diverse groups as donors. Given the discernable D-A interaction strengths in the D-A pairs, their Eb can be systematically regulated with minimum Eb in TAPT-OMe. Guided by these results, the corresponding D-A COFs are synthesized, where TAPT-OMe-COF possesses the best activity in photocatalytic H2 production and the activity trend of other COFs is associated with that of calculated Eb for the D-A pairs. In addition, further alkyne cycloaddition for the imine linkage in the COFs greatly improves the stability and the resulting TAPT-OMe-alkyne-COF with a substantially smaller Eb exhibits ~20 times higher activity than the parent COF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Han
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.
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Yang H, Hao M, Xie Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang X, Waterhouse GIN, Ma S. Tuning Local Charge Distribution in Multicomponent Covalent Organic Frameworks for Dramatically Enhanced Photocatalytic Uranium Extraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: doi.org/10.1002/ange.202303129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Hao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Zhongshan Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | - Xiangke Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China
| | | | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas Denton TX-76201 USA
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Leone L, Sgueglia G, La Gatta S, Chino M, Nastri F, Lombardi A. Enzymatic and Bioinspired Systems for Hydrogen Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108605. [PMID: 37239950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The extraordinary potential of hydrogen as a clean and sustainable fuel has sparked the interest of the scientific community to find environmentally friendly methods for its production. Biological catalysts are the most attractive solution, as they usually operate under mild conditions and do not produce carbon-containing byproducts. Hydrogenases promote reversible proton reduction to hydrogen in a variety of anoxic bacteria and algae, displaying unparallel catalytic performances. Attempts to use these sophisticated enzymes in scalable hydrogen production have been hampered by limitations associated with their production and stability. Inspired by nature, significant efforts have been made in the development of artificial systems able to promote the hydrogen evolution reaction, via either electrochemical or light-driven catalysis. Starting from small-molecule coordination compounds, peptide- and protein-based architectures have been constructed around the catalytic center with the aim of reproducing hydrogenase function into robust, efficient, and cost-effective catalysts. In this review, we first provide an overview of the structural and functional properties of hydrogenases, along with their integration in devices for hydrogen and energy production. Then, we describe the most recent advances in the development of homogeneous hydrogen evolution catalysts envisioned to mimic hydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Leone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianmattia Sgueglia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore La Gatta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Nastri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Chung WT, Mekhemer IM, Mohamed MG, Elewa AM, EL-Mahdy AF, Chou HH, Kuo SW, Wu KCW. Recent advances in metal/covalent organic frameworks based materials: Their synthesis, structure design and potential applications for hydrogen production. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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46
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Ghosh S, Bera S, Sardar S, Pal S, Camargo FVA, D'Andrea C, Cerullo G. Role of Efficient Charge Transfer at the Interface between Mixed-Phase Copper-Cuprous Oxide and Conducting Polymer Nanostructures for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18867-18877. [PMID: 37023322 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water splitting is regarded as a sustainable technology capable of producing green solar fuels. However, the low charge separation efficiencies and the requirement of lowering redox potentials are unresolved challenges. Herein, a multiphase copper-cuprous oxide/polypyrrole (PPy) heterostructure has been designed to identify the role of multiple oxidation states of metal oxides in water reduction and oxidation. The presence of a mixed phase in PPy heterostructures enabled an exceptionally high photocatalytic H2 generation rate of 41 mmol h-1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 7.2% under visible light irradiation, which is a 7-fold augmentation in contrast to the pure polymer. Interestingly, the copper-cuprous oxide/PPy heterostructures exhibited higher charge carrier density, low resistivity, and 6 times higher photocurrent density compared to Cu2O/PPy. Formation of a p-p-n junction between polymer and mixed-phase metal oxide interfaces induce a built-in electric field which influences directional charge transfer that improves the catalytic activity. Notably, photoexcited charge separation and transfer have been significantly improved between copper-cuprous oxide nanocubes and PPy nanofibers, as revealed by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Additionally, the photocatalyst demonstrates excellent stability without loss of catalytic activity during cycling tests. The present study highlights a superior strategy to boost photocatalytic redox reactions using a mixed-phase metal oxide in the heterostructure to achieve enhanced light absorption, longer charge carrier lifetimes, and highly efficient photocatalytic H2 and O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabanti Ghosh
- Energy Materials & Devices Division, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Susmita Bera
- Energy Materials & Devices Division, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Samim Sardar
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sourabh Pal
- Energy Materials & Devices Division, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Franco V A Camargo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Altınışık S, Yanalak G, Hatay Patır İ, Koyuncu S. Viologen-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks toward Metal-Free Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18836-18844. [PMID: 37018065 PMCID: PMC10119857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown promise in the field of photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. Many studies have been carried out using various electroactive and photoactive moieties such as triazine, imide, and porphyrin to produce COFs with different geometric structures and units. Electron transfer mediators like viologen and their derivatives can accelerate the transfer of electrons from photosensitizers to active sites. Herein, the combination of a biphenyl-bridged dicarbazole electroactive donor skeleton with a viologen acceptor structure is reported for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of novel COF structures with various alkyl linkers {TPCBP X-COF [X = ethyl (E), butyl (B), and hexyl (H)]}. The structures became more flexible and exhibited less crystal behavior as the length of the alkyl chain increased according to scanning and transmission electron microscopy images, X-ray diffraction analyses, and theoretical three-dimensional geometric optimization. In comparison, the H2 evolution rate of the TPCBP B-COF (12.276 mmol g-1) is 2.15 and 2.38 times higher than those of the TPCBP H-COF (5.697 mmol h-1) and TPCBP E-COF (5.165 mmol h-1), respectively, under visible light illumination for 8 h. The TPCBP B-COF structure is one of the best-performing catalysts for the corresponding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in the literature, producing 1.029 mmol g-1 h-1 with a high apparent quantum efficiency of 79.69% at 470 nm. Our strategy provides new aspects for the design of novel COFs with respect to future metal-free hydrogen evolution by using solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Altınışık
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical
Engineering, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Energy
Resources and Management, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
| | - Gizem Yanalak
- Selcuk
University, Department of Biochemistry, 42130 Konya, Türkiye
| | - İmren Hatay Patır
- Selcuk
University, Department of Biotechnology, 42130 Konya, Türkiye
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical
Engineering, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Energy
Resources and Management, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
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Gao J, Li M, Chen H, Guo L, Li Z, Wang X. Microstructure Regulation of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotubes via Quick Thermal Polymerization Process for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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49
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Ren R, Jiao Z, Li Z, Tian Y, Liu B, Yue G. Polarization-induced proton adsorption and charge separation in pyrene-based conjugated microporous polymers via substituent regulation for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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50
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Jiang T, Wei J, Li J, Xue H, Tian J, Gautier R. Rapid Identification of Efficient Photocatalysts by Visualizing the Spatial Distribution of Photoinduced Charge Carriers. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingying Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Romain Gautier
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
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