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Althumayri M, Das R, Banavath R, Beker L, Achim AM, Ceylan Koydemir H. Recent Advances in Transparent Electrodes and Their Multimodal Sensing Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2405099. [PMID: 39120484 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the recent advancements in transparent electrodes and their crucial role in multimodal sensing technologies. Transparent electrodes, notable for their optical transparency and electrical conductivity, are revolutionizing sensors by enabling the simultaneous detection of diverse physical, chemical, and biological signals. Materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers, which offer a balance between optical transparency, electrical conductivity, and mechanical flexibility, are at the forefront of this development. These electrodes are integral in various applications, from healthcare to solar cell technologies, enhancing sensor performance in complex environments. The paper addresses challenges in applying these electrodes, such as the need for mechanical flexibility, high optoelectronic performance, and biocompatibility. It explores new materials and innovative techniques to overcome these hurdles, aiming to broaden the capabilities of multimodal sensing devices. The review provides a comparative analysis of different transparent electrode materials, discussing their applications and the ongoing development of novel electrode systems for multimodal sensing. This exploration offers insights into future advancements in transparent electrodes, highlighting their transformative potential in bioelectronics and multimodal sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Althumayri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ritu Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Ramu Banavath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Levent Beker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Alin M Achim
- School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Hatice Ceylan Koydemir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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2
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Zhang Y, Jin T, Deng Y, Zhao Z, Wang R, He Q, Luo J, Li J, Du K, Wu T, Yan C, Zhang H, Lu X, Huang C, Gao H. A low-voltage-driven MEMS ultrasonic phased-array transducer for fast 3D volumetric imaging. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:128. [PMID: 39261463 PMCID: PMC11391059 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Wearable ultrasound imaging technology has become an emerging modality for the continuous monitoring of deep-tissue physiology, providing crucial health and disease information. Fast volumetric imaging that can provide a full spatiotemporal view of intrinsic 3D targets is desirable for interpreting internal organ dynamics. However, existing 1D ultrasound transducer arrays provide 2D images, making it challenging to overcome the trade-off between the temporal resolution and volumetric coverage. In addition, the high driving voltage limits their implementation in wearable settings. With the use of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, we report an ultrasonic phased-array transducer, i.e., a 2D piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (pMUT) array, which is driven by a low voltage and is chip-compatible for fast 3D volumetric imaging. By grouping multiple pMUT cells into one single drive channel/element, we propose an innovative cell-element-array design and operation of a pMUT array that can be used to quantitatively characterize the key coupling effects between each pMUT cell, allowing 3D imaging with 5-V actuation. The pMUT array demonstrates fast volumetric imaging covering a range of 40 mm × 40 mm × 70 mm in wire phantom and vascular phantom experiments, achieving a high temporal frame rate of 11 kHz. The proposed solution offers a full volumetric view of deep-tissue disorders in a fast manner, paving the way for long-term wearable imaging technology for various organs in deep tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Jin
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Deng
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfang Yan
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchao Lu
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| | - Hang Gao
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China.
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Wu B, Wu T, Huang Z, Ji S. Advancing Flexible Sensors through On-Demand Regulation of Supramolecular Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22664-22674. [PMID: 39152049 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c08310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of flexible sensors heavily relies on advances in soft-material design and sensing mechanisms. Supramolecular chemistry offers a powerful toolbox for manipulating nanoscale and molecular structures within soft materials, thus fostering recent advancements in flexible sensors and electronics. Supramolecular interactions have been utilized to nanoengineer functional sensing materials or construct chemical sensors with lower cost and broader targets. In this perspective, we will highlight the use of supramolecular interactions to regulate and optimize nanostructures within functional soft materials and illustrate their importance in expanding the nanocavities of bioreceptors for chemical sensing. Overall, a bridge between tissue-mimicking flexible sensors and cell-mimetic supramolecular chemistry has been built, which will further advance human healthcare innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohang Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), College of Nano Science and Technology (CNST), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), College of Nano Science and Technology (CNST), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
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Jeong S, Yoon H, Michalek LF, Kim G, Kim J, Seo J, Kim D, Park H, Lee B, Hong Y. Printable, stretchable metal-vapor-desorption layers for high-fidelity patterning in soft, freeform electronics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7209. [PMID: 39174549 PMCID: PMC11341687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fidelity patterning of thin metal films on arbitrary soft substrates promises integrated circuits and devices that can significantly augment the morphological functionalities of freeform electronics. However, existing patterning methods that decisively rely on prefabricated rigid masks are severely incompatible with myriad surfaces. Here, we report printable, stretchable metal-vapor-desorption layers (s-MVDLs) that can enable high-fidelity patterning of thin metal films on freeform polymeric surfaces. The printed rubbery matrix with highly mobile chains effectively repels various metal vapors from the surface and inhibits their condensation, thereby allowing selective metal deposition. The s-MVDLs are printed by direct ink writing techniques, enabling customizable and scalable thin metal patterns ranging from the micrometer to millimeter scale with high fidelity. Furthermore, the superior stretchability and mechanical robustness of the s-MVDLs allow highly compliant deformation along the substrates, enabling the construction of unconventional circuits and devices on multi-curvature, non-developable, and stretchable surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyungsoo Yoon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Lukas Felix Michalek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Geonhee Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jinhyoung Kim
- Smart Sensor Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), Seongnam, 13509, Korea
| | - Jiseok Seo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Dahyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hwaeun Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea.
| | - Yongtaek Hong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center (ISRC), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Huang H, Wu RS, Lin M, Xu S. Emerging Wearable Ultrasound Technology. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2024; 71:713-729. [PMID: 37878424 PMCID: PMC11263711 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2023.3327143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This perspective article provides a brief overview on materials, fabrications, beamforming, and applications for wearable ultrasound devices, a rapidly growing field with versatile implications. Recent developments in miniaturization and soft electronics have significantly advanced wearable ultrasound devices. Such devices offer distinctive advantages over traditional ultrasound probes, including prolonged usability and operator independence, and have demonstrated their effectiveness in continuous monitoring, noninvasive therapies, and advanced human-machine interfaces. Wearable ultrasound devices can be classified into three main categories: rigid, flexible, and stretchable, each having distinctive properties and fabrication strategies. Key unique strategies in device design, packaging, and beamforming for each type of wearable ultrasound devices are reviewed. Furthermore, we highlight the latest applications enabled by wearable ultrasound technology in various areas. This article concludes by discussing the outstanding challenges within the field and outlines potential pathways for future advancements.
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Zhou S, Gao X, Park G, Yang X, Qi B, Lin M, Huang H, Bian Y, Hu H, Chen X, Wu RS, Liu B, Yue W, Lu C, Wang R, Bheemreddy P, Qin S, Lam A, Wear KA, Andre M, Kistler EB, Newell DW, Xu S. Transcranial volumetric imaging using a conformal ultrasound patch. Nature 2024; 629:810-818. [PMID: 38778234 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Accurate and continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow is valuable for clinical neurocritical care and fundamental neurovascular research. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a widely used non-invasive method for evaluating cerebral blood flow1, but the conventional rigid design severely limits the measurement accuracy of the complex three-dimensional (3D) vascular networks and the practicality for prolonged recording2. Here we report a conformal ultrasound patch for hands-free volumetric imaging and continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow. The 2 MHz ultrasound waves reduce the attenuation and phase aberration caused by the skull, and the copper mesh shielding layer provides conformal contact to the skin while improving the signal-to-noise ratio by 5 dB. Ultrafast ultrasound imaging based on diverging waves can accurately render the circle of Willis in 3D and minimize human errors during examinations. Focused ultrasound waves allow the recording of blood flow spectra at selected locations continuously. The high accuracy of the conformal ultrasound patch was confirmed in comparison with a conventional TCD probe on 36 participants, showing a mean difference and standard deviation of difference as -1.51 ± 4.34 cm s-1, -0.84 ± 3.06 cm s-1 and -0.50 ± 2.55 cm s-1 for peak systolic velocity, mean flow velocity, and end diastolic velocity, respectively. The measurement success rate was 70.6%, compared with 75.3% for a conventional TCD probe. Furthermore, we demonstrate continuous blood flow spectra during different interventions and identify cascades of intracranial B waves during drowsiness within 4 h of recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geonho Park
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Baiyan Qi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Muyang Lin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yizhou Bian
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hongjie Hu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ray S Wu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Boyu Liu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wentong Yue
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chengchangfeng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruotao Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pranavi Bheemreddy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Siyu Qin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Arthur Lam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keith A Wear
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael Andre
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik B Kistler
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David W Newell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seattle Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sheng Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Taha BA, Addie AJ, Kadhim AC, Azzahran AS, Haider AJ, Chaudhary V, Arsad N. Photonics-powered augmented reality skin electronics for proactive healthcare: multifaceted opportunities. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:250. [PMID: 38587660 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Rapid technological advancements have created opportunities for new solutions in various industries, including healthcare. One exciting new direction in this field of innovation is the combination of skin-based technologies and augmented reality (AR). These dermatological devices allow for the continuous and non-invasive measurement of vital signs and biomarkers, enabling the real-time diagnosis of anomalies, which have applications in telemedicine, oncology, dermatology, and early diagnostics. Despite its many potential benefits, there is a substantial information vacuum regarding using flexible photonics in conjunction with augmented reality for medical purposes. This review explores the current state of dermal augmented reality and flexible optics in skin-conforming sensing platforms by examining the obstacles faced thus far, including technical hurdles, demanding clinical validation standards, and problems with user acceptance. Our main areas of interest are skills, chiroptical properties, and health platform applications, such as optogenetic pixels, spectroscopic imagers, and optical biosensors. My skin-enhanced spherical dichroism and powerful spherically polarized light enable thorough physical inspection with these augmented reality devices: diabetic tracking, skin cancer diagnosis, and cardiovascular illness: preventative medicine, namely blood pressure screening. We demonstrate how to accomplish early prevention using case studies and emergency detection. Finally, it addresses real-world obstacles that hinder fully realizing these materials' extraordinary potential in advancing proactive and preventative personalized medicine, including technical constraints, clinical validation gaps, and barriers to widespread adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakr Ahmed Taha
- Photonics Technology Lab, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia.
| | - Ali J Addie
- Center of Advanced Materials/Directorate of Materials Research/Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed C Kadhim
- Communication Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmad S Azzahran
- Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Adawiya J Haider
- Applied Sciences Department/Laser Science and Technology Branch, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Research Cell &, Department of Physics, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110045, India
| | - Norhana Arsad
- Photonics Technology Lab, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia.
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Yu Y, Feng T, Qiu H, Gu Y, Chen Q, Zuo C, Ma H. Simultaneous photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging: A review. ULTRASONICS 2024; 139:107277. [PMID: 38460216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging biomedical imaging technique that combines the advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging, enabling the generation of images with both optical resolution and acoustic penetration depth. By leveraging similar signal acquisition and processing methods, the integration of photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging has introduced a novel hybrid imaging modality suitable for clinical applications. Photoacoustic-ultrasound imaging allows for non-invasive, high-resolution, and deep-penetrating imaging, providing a wealth of image information. In recent years, with the deepening research and the expanding biomedical application scenarios of photoacoustic-ultrasound bimodal systems, the immense potential of photoacoustic-ultrasound bimodal imaging in basic research and clinical applications has been demonstrated, with some research achievements already commercialized. In this review, we introduce the principles, technical advantages, and biomedical applications of photoacoustic-ultrasound bimodal imaging techniques, specifically focusing on tomographic, microscopic, and endoscopic imaging modalities. Furthermore, we discuss the future directions of photoacoustic-ultrasound bimodal imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshi Yu
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China; Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute (SCIRI) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210019, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433,China.
| | - Haixia Qiu
- First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gu
- First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China; Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute (SCIRI) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210019, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China
| | - Chao Zuo
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China; Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute (SCIRI) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210019, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
| | - Haigang Ma
- Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab), School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China; Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute (SCIRI) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210019, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210094, China.
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Lin M, Zhang Z, Gao X, Bian Y, Wu RS, Park G, Lou Z, Zhang Z, Xu X, Chen X, Kang A, Yang X, Yue W, Yin L, Wang C, Qi B, Zhou S, Hu H, Huang H, Li M, Gu Y, Mu J, Yang A, Yaghi A, Chen Y, Lei Y, Lu C, Wang R, Wang J, Xiang S, Kistler EB, Vasconcelos N, Xu S. A fully integrated wearable ultrasound system to monitor deep tissues in moving subjects. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:448-457. [PMID: 37217752 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in wearable ultrasound technologies have demonstrated the potential for hands-free data acquisition, but technical barriers remain as these probes require wire connections, can lose track of moving targets and create data-interpretation challenges. Here we report a fully integrated autonomous wearable ultrasonic-system-on-patch (USoP). A miniaturized flexible control circuit is designed to interface with an ultrasound transducer array for signal pre-conditioning and wireless data communication. Machine learning is used to track moving tissue targets and assist the data interpretation. We demonstrate that the USoP allows continuous tracking of physiological signals from tissues as deep as 164 mm. On mobile subjects, the USoP can continuously monitor physiological signals, including central blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output, for as long as 12 h. This result enables continuous autonomous surveillance of deep tissue signals toward the internet-of-medical-things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyang Lin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yizhou Bian
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ray S Wu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geonho Park
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Lou
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhuorui Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiangchen Xu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Kang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xinyi Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wentong Yue
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chonghe Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Baiyan Qi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sai Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hongjie Hu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yue Gu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jing Mu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Albert Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amer Yaghi
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yimu Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yusheng Lei
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chengchangfeng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruotao Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Erik B Kistler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nuno Vasconcelos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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10
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Nyayapathi N, Zheng E, Zhou Q, Doyley M, Xia J. Dual-modal Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging: from preclinical to clinical applications. FRONTIERS IN PHOTONICS 2024; 5:1359784. [PMID: 39185248 PMCID: PMC11343488 DOI: 10.3389/fphot.2024.1359784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging is a novel biomedical imaging modality that has emerged over the recent decades. Due to the conversion of optical energy into the acoustic wave, photoacoustic imaging offers high-resolution imaging in depth beyond the optical diffusion limit. Photoacoustic imaging is frequently used in conjunction with ultrasound as a hybrid modality. The combination enables the acquisition of both optical and acoustic contrasts of tissue, providing functional, structural, molecular, and vascular information within the same field of view. In this review, we first described the principles of various photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging techniques and then classified the dual-modal imaging systems based on their preclinical and clinical imaging applications. The advantages of dual-modal imaging were thoroughly analyzed. Finally, the review ends with a critical discussion of existing developments and a look toward the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhila Nyayapathi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627
| | - Emily Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14226
| | - Qifa Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007
| | - Marvin Doyley
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14226
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11
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Zhang T, Li CH, Li W, Wang Z, Gu Z, Li J, Yuan J, Ou-Yang J, Yang X, Zhu B. A Self-Healing Optoacoustic Patch with High Damage Threshold and Conversion Efficiency for Biomedical Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:122. [PMID: 38372850 PMCID: PMC10876513 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Compared with traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic devices, optoacoustic devices have unique advantages such as a simple preparation process, anti-electromagnetic interference, and wireless long-distance power supply. However, current optoacoustic devices remain limited due to a low damage threshold and energy conversion efficiency, which seriously hinder their widespread applications. In this study, using a self-healing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Fe-Hpdca-PDMS) and carbon nanotube composite, a flexible optoacoustic patch is developed, which possesses the self-healing capability at room temperature, and can even recover from damage induced by cutting or laser irradiation. Moreover, this patch can generate high-intensity ultrasound (> 25 MPa) without the focusing structure. The laser damage threshold is greater than 183.44 mJ cm-2, and the optoacoustic energy conversion efficiency reaches a major achievement at 10.66 × 10-3, compared with other carbon-based nanomaterials and PDMS composites. This patch is also been successfully examined in the application of acoustic flow, thrombolysis, and wireless energy harvesting. All findings in this study provides new insight into designing and fabricating of novel ultrasound devices for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapu Li
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Yuan
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ou-Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Benpeng Zhu
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Zhang L, Du W, Kim JH, Yu CC, Dagdeviren C. An Emerging Era: Conformable Ultrasound Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307664. [PMID: 37792426 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Conformable electronics are regarded as the next generation of personal healthcare monitoring and remote diagnosis devices. In recent years, piezoelectric-based conformable ultrasound electronics (cUSE) have been intensively studied due to their unique capabilities, including nonradiative monitoring, soft tissue imaging, deep signal decoding, wireless power transfer, portability, and compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of cUSE for use in biomedical and healthcare monitoring systems and a summary of their recent advancements. Following an introduction to the fundamentals of piezoelectrics and ultrasound transducers, the critical parameters for transducer design are discussed. Next, five types of cUSE with their advantages and limitations are highlighted, and the fabrication of cUSE using advanced technologies is discussed. In addition, the working function, acoustic performance, and accomplishments in various applications are thoroughly summarized. It is noted that application considerations must be given to the tradeoffs between material selection, manufacturing processes, acoustic performance, mechanical integrity, and the entire integrated system. Finally, current challenges and directions for the development of cUSE are highlighted, and research flow is provided as the roadmap for future research. In conclusion, these advances in the fields of piezoelectric materials, ultrasound transducers, and conformable electronics spark an emerging era of biomedicine and personal healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Wenya Du
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jin-Hoon Kim
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Yu
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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13
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Di Gregorio E, Scarciglia A, Amaolo A, Ferrauto G. Mn(iii), Fe(iii) and Zn(ii)-serum albumin as innovative multicolour contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:777-781. [PMID: 38298593 PMCID: PMC10825928 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Here we propose innovative photoacoustic imaging (PAI) contrast agents, based on the loading of Mn(iii)-, Fe(iii)- or Zn(ii)-protoporphyrin IX in serum albumin. These systems show different absorption wavelengths, opening the way to multicolor PA imaging. They were characterized in vitro for assessing stability, biocompatibility, and their optical and contrastographic properties. Finally, a proof of concept in vivo study was carried out in breast cancer bearing mice, to evaluate its effectiveness for cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Angelo Scarciglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Alessandro Amaolo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
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14
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Zeng Q, Li G, Chen W. Ultrasound-activatable and skin-associated minimally invasive microdevices for smart drug delivery and diagnosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115133. [PMID: 37925075 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-activatable and skin-associated minimally invasive microdevices (USMIMs) have garnered significant attention in the domains of smart drug delivery and biomedical diagnosis for on-demand healthcare, owing to their outstanding wearability, flexibility, and comfort. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the noteworthy advancements in USMIMs, with a specific focus on device design, potential applications, challenges, and future prospects. The classification of such microdevices primarily encompasses biointerfacing microsystems, including skin-perforable US-assisted microneedles (MNs), skin-attachable sonophoresis and their combination with microbubbles, as well as non-biointerfacing microsystems for drug delivery. Additionally, US-mediated and skin-attached microtransducers utilized in biomedical diagnosis are classified into imaging-related microtransducers, diagramming detection devices, and their combinative systems with applications on diverse signal detection. Besides, the review also highlights the challenges associated with USMIMs, focusing on aspects such as safety, environmental tolerance, wearability/comfortability, and personalization. Furthermore, it offers insights into future perspectives that address these challenges and discuss potential advancements in the field. It is firmly believed that the proposed USMIMs possess immense potential to significantly improve human lives in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guanyue Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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15
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Xu C, Solomon SA, Gao W. Artificial Intelligence-Powered Electronic Skin. NAT MACH INTELL 2023; 5:1344-1355. [PMID: 38370145 PMCID: PMC10868719 DOI: 10.1038/s42256-023-00760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced electronics is gradually changing medical practices by enabling continuous and noninvasive tracking of physiological and biochemical information. With the rise of big data and digital medicine, next-generation electronic skin (e-skin) will be able to use artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize its design as well as uncover user-personalized health profiles. Recent multimodal e-skin platforms have already employed machine learning (ML) algorithms for autonomous data analytics. Unfortunately, there is a lack of appropriate AI protocols and guidelines for e-skin devices, resulting in overly complex models and non-reproducible conclusions for simple applications. This review aims to present AI technologies in e-skin hardware and assess their potential for new inspired integrated platform solutions. We outline recent breakthroughs in AI strategies and their applications in engineering e-skins as well as understanding health information collected by e-skins, highlighting the transformative deployment of AI in robotics, prosthetics, virtual reality, and personalized healthcare. We also discuss the challenges and prospects of AI-powered e-skins as well as predictions for the future trajectory of smart e-skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Samuel A. Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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16
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Li H, Yuan J, Fennell G, Abdulla V, Nistala R, Dandachi D, Ho DKC, Zhang Y. Recent advances in wearable sensors and data analytics for continuous monitoring and analysis of biomarkers and symptoms related to COVID-19. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:031302. [PMID: 38510705 PMCID: PMC10903389 DOI: 10.1063/5.0140900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the lives of many people around the world. Based on the available data and published reports, most people diagnosed with COVID-19 exhibit no or mild symptoms and could be discharged home for self-isolation. Considering that a substantial portion of them will progress to a severe disease requiring hospitalization and medical management, including respiratory and circulatory support in the form of supplemental oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, etc. The continuous monitoring of patient conditions at home for patients with COVID-19 will allow early determination of disease severity and medical intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. In addition, this will allow early and safe hospital discharge and free hospital beds for patients who are in need of admission. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in next-generation wearable sensors capable of continuous monitoring of disease symptoms, particularly those associated with COVID-19. These include wearable non/minimally invasive biophysical (temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and heart rate variability) and biochemical (cytokines, cortisol, and electrolytes) sensors, sensor data analytics, and machine learning-enabled early detection and medical intervention techniques. Together, we aim to inspire the future development of wearable sensors integrated with data analytics, which serve as a foundation for disease diagnostics, health monitoring and predictions, and medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Jianhe Yuan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Gavin Fennell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Vagif Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Ravi Nistala
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
| | - Dima Dandachi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
| | - Dominic K. C. Ho
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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17
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Khosravi S, Soltanian S, Servati A, Khademhosseini A, Zhu Y, Servati P. Screen-Printed Textile-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Noninvasive Monitoring of Glucose in Sweat. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:684. [PMID: 37504083 PMCID: PMC10377550 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sweat biosensors for noninvasive monitoring of health parameters have attracted significant attention. Having these biosensors embedded in textile substrates can provide a convenient experience due to their soft and flexible nature that conforms to the skin, creating good contact for long-term use. These biosensors can be easily integrated with everyday clothing by using textile fabrication processes to enhance affordable and scalable manufacturing. Herein, a flexible electrochemical glucose sensor that can be screen-printed onto a textile substrate has been demonstrated. The screen-printed textile-based glucose biosensor achieved a linear response in the range of 20-1000 µM of glucose concentration and high sensitivity (18.41 µA mM-1 cm-2, R2 = 0.996). In addition, the biosensors show high selectivity toward glucose among other interfering analytes and excellent stability over 30 days of storage. The developed textile-based biosensor can serve as a platform for monitoring bio analytes in sweat, and it is expected to impact the next generation of wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoora Khosravi
- Flexible Electronics and Energy Lab (FEEL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Saeid Soltanian
- Flexible Electronics and Energy Lab (FEEL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amir Servati
- Materials Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Peyman Servati
- Flexible Electronics and Energy Lab (FEEL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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18
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Liu X, Kalva SK, Lafci B, Nozdriukhin D, Deán-Ben XL, Razansky D. Full-view LED-based optoacoustic tomography. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 31:100521. [PMID: 37342502 PMCID: PMC10277581 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Optoacoustic tomography is commonly performed with bulky and expensive short-pulsed solid-state lasers providing high per-pulse energies in the millijoule range. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) represent a cost-effective and portable alternative for optoacoustic signal excitation that can additionally provide excellent pulse-to-pulse stability. Herein, we introduce a full-view LED-based optoacoustic tomography (FLOAT) system for deep tissue in vivo imaging. It is based on a custom-made electronic unit driving a stacked array of LEDs, which attains 100 ns pulse width and highly stable (0.62 % standard deviation) total per-pulse energy of 0.48 mJ. The illumination source is integrated into a circular array of cylindrically-focused ultrasound detection elements to result in a full-view tomographic configuration, which plays a critical role in circumventing limited-view effects, enhancing the effective field-of-view and image quality for cross-sectional (2D) imaging. We characterized the FLOAT performance in terms of pulse width, power stability, excitation light distribution, signal-to-noise and penetration depth. FLOAT of the human finger revealed a comparable imaging performance to that achieved with the standard pulsed Nd:YAG laser. It is anticipated that this compact, affordable and versatile illumination technology will facilitate optoacoustic imaging developments in resource-limited settings for biological and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Sandeep Kumar Kalva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Berkan Lafci
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniil Nozdriukhin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Xosé Luís Deán-Ben
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
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19
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Zhu Y, Li J, Kim J, Li S, Zhao Y, Bahari J, Eliahoo P, Li G, Kawakita S, Haghniaz R, Gao X, Falcone N, Ermis M, Kang H, Liu H, Kim H, Tabish T, Yu H, Li B, Akbari M, Emaminejad S, Khademhosseini A. Skin-interfaced electronics: A promising and intelligent paradigm for personalized healthcare. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122075. [PMID: 36931103 PMCID: PMC10085866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced electronics (skintronics) have received considerable attention due to their thinness, skin-like mechanical softness, excellent conformability, and multifunctional integration. Current advancements in skintronics have enabled health monitoring and digital medicine. Particularly, skintronics offer a personalized platform for early-stage disease diagnosis and treatment. In this comprehensive review, we discuss (1) the state-of-the-art skintronic devices, (2) material selections and platform considerations of future skintronics toward intelligent healthcare, (3) device fabrication and system integrations of skintronics, (4) an overview of the skintronic platform for personalized healthcare applications, including biosensing as well as wound healing, sleep monitoring, the assessment of SARS-CoV-2, and the augmented reality-/virtual reality-enhanced human-machine interfaces, and (5) current challenges and future opportunities of skintronics and their potentials in clinical translation and commercialization. The field of skintronics will not only minimize physical and physiological mismatches with the skin but also shift the paradigm in intelligent and personalized healthcare and offer unprecedented promise to revolutionize conventional medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States.
| | - Jinghang Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Shaopei Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Jamal Bahari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Payam Eliahoo
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, United States
| | - Guanghui Li
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - HanJun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Tanveer Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Haidong Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management, California State University, Northridge, CA, 91330, United States
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada
| | - Sam Emaminejad
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States.
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20
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Ahn J, Baik JW, Kim D, Choi K, Lee S, Park SM, Kim JY, Nam SH, Kim C. In vivo photoacoustic monitoring of vasoconstriction induced by acute hyperglycemia. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 30:100485. [PMID: 37082618 PMCID: PMC10112177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial hyperglycemia, blood glucose spikes, induces endothelial dysfunction, increasing cardiovascular risks. Endothelial dysfunction leads to vasoconstriction, and observation of this phenomenon is important for understanding acute hyperglycemia. However, high-resolution imaging of microvessels during acute hyperglycemia has not been fully developed. Here, we demonstrate that photoacoustic microscopy can noninvasively monitor morphological changes in blood vessels of live animals' extremities when blood glucose rises rapidly. As blood glucose level rose from 100 to 400 mg/dL following intraperitoneal glucose injection, heart/breath rate, and body temperature remained constant, but arterioles constricted by approximately -5.7 ± 1.1% within 20 min, and gradually recovered for another 40 min. In contrast, venular diameters remained within about 0.6 ± 1.5% during arteriolar constriction. Our results experimentally and statistically demonstrate that acute hyperglycemia produces transitory vasoconstriction in arterioles, with an opposite trend of change in blood glucose. These findings could help understanding vascular glucose homeostasis and the relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joongho Ahn
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Baik
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggyu Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Karam Choi
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Park
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Nam
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16678, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Chulhong Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Science and Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding authors.
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21
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Sharma AK. Current Trends in Nanotheranostics: A Concise Review on Bioimaging and Smart Wearable Technology. Nanotheranostics 2023; 7:258-269. [PMID: 37064611 PMCID: PMC10093415 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.82886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The area of interventional nanotheranostics combines the use of interventional procedures with nanotechnology for the detection and treatment of physiological disorders. Using catheters or endoscopes, for example, interventional techniques make use of minimally invasive approaches to diagnose and treat medical disorders. It is feasible to increase the precision of these approaches and potency by integrating nanotechnology. To visualize and target various parts of the body, such as tumors or obstructed blood veins, one can utilize nanoscale probes or therapeutic delivery systems. Interventional nanotheranostics offers targeted, minimally invasive therapies that can reduce side effects and enhance patient outcomes, and it has the potential to alter the way that many medical illnesses are handled. Clinical enrollment and implementation of such laboratory scale theranostics approach in medical practice is promising for the patients where the user can benefit by tracking its physiological state. This review aims to introduce the most recent advancements in the field of clinical imaging and diagnostic techniques as well as newly developed on-body wearable devices to deliver therapeutics and monitor its due alleviation in the biological milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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22
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Zhu Y, Motin MA, Cui Q. Editorial: Highlights in diagnostic and therapeutic devices 2021/22. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:1119558. [PMID: 36908291 PMCID: PMC9992967 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2023.1119558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mohammod Abdul Motin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Qingyu Cui
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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