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Hou X, Si X, Xu J, Chen X, Tang Y, Dai Y, Wu F. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the gene expression profile and cellular communication in human fetal heart development. Dev Biol 2024; 514:87-98. [PMID: 38876166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The heart is the central organ of the circulatory system, and its proper development is vital to maintain human life. As fetal heart development is complex and poorly understood, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to profile the gene expression landscapes of human fetal hearts from the four-time points: 8, 10, 11, 17 gestational weeks (GW8, GW10, GW11, GW17), and identified 11 major types of cells: erythroid cells, fibroblasts, heart endothelial cells, ventricular cardiomyocytes, atrial cardiomyocytes, macrophage, DCs, smooth muscle, pericytes, neural cells, schwann cells. In addition, we identified a series of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in each cell type between different gestational weeks. Notably, we found that ANNEXIN, MIF, PTN, GRN signalling pathways were simple and fewer intercellular connections in GW8, however, they were significantly more complex and had more intercellular communication in GW10, GW11, and GW17. Notably, the interaction strength of OSM signalling pathways was gradually decreased during this period of time (from GW8 to GW17). Together, in this study, we presented a comprehensive and clear description of the differentiation processes of all the main cell types in the human fetal hearts, which may provide information and reference data for heart regeneration and heart disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Hou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Laboratory Central, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xinlei Si
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiasen Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Laboratory Central, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Yong Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China; Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease Precision Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Fenfang Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Deng Y, He Y, Xu J, He H, Zhang M, Li G. Cardiac Fibroblasts regulate myocardium and coronary vasculature development via the collagen signaling pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612512. [PMID: 39314489 PMCID: PMC11418987 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The fibroblast (FB), cardiomyocyte (CM), and vascular endothelial cell (Vas_EC) are the three major cell types in the heart, yet their relationships during development are largely unexplored. To address this gap, we employed RNA staining of the FB marker gene Col1a1 together with the CM marker gene Actn2 and the Vas_EC marker gene Cdh5 at different stages. This approach enabled us to discern the anatomical pattern of cardiac FBs and identify approximately one EC and four CMs directly interacting with each FB. Molecularly, through the analysis of single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, we unveiled collagen as the top signaling molecule derived from FBs influencing CM and Vas_EC development. Subsequently, we used a Pdgfra-CreER controlled diphtheria toxin A (DTA) system to ablate the FBs at different stages. We found that the ablation of FBs disrupted myocardium and vasculature development and led to embryonic heart defects. Using scRNA-seq, we further profiled the ablated hearts and identified molecular defects in their ventricular CMs and Vas_ECs compared to control hearts. Moreover, we identified a reduction of collagen in the ablated hearts and predicted collagen as the major signaling pathway regulating the differentially expressed genes in the ablated ventricular CMs. Finally, we performed both short-term and long-term fibroblast ablation at the neonatal stage. We found that short-term ablation caused a reduction in collagen and Vas_EC density, while long-term ablation may induce compensatory collagen expression without causing heart function reduction. In summary, our study has identified the function of fibroblasts in regulating myocardium and vasculature development and implicated an important role for the collagen pathway in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Yuanhang He
- Tsinghua University, Tsinghua medicine, School of Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Haoting He
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Manling Zhang
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
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3
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Li J, Sun S, Zhu D, Mei X, Lyu Y, Huang K, Li Y, Liu S, Wang Z, Hu S, Lutz HJ, Popowski KD, Dinh PUC, Butte AJ, Cheng K. Inhalable Stem Cell Exosomes Promote Heart Repair After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2024; 150:710-723. [PMID: 39186525 PMCID: PMC11349039 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosome therapy shows potential for cardiac repair after injury. However, intrinsic challenges such as short half-life and lack of clear targets hinder the clinical feasibility. Here, we report a noninvasive and repeatable method for exosome delivery through inhalation after myocardial infarction (MI), which we called stem cell-derived exosome nebulization therapy (SCENT). METHODS Stem cell-derived exosomes were characterized for size distribution and surface markers. C57BL/6 mice with MI model received exosome inhalation treatment through a nebulizer for 7 consecutive days. Echocardiographies were performed to monitor cardiac function after SCENT, and histological analysis helped with the investigation of myocardial repair. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the whole heart was performed to explore the mechanism of action by SCENT. Last, the feasibility, efficacy, and general safety of SCENT were demonstrated in a swine model of MI, facilitated by 3-dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Recruitment of exosomes to the ischemic heart after SCENT was detected by ex vivo IVIS imaging and fluorescence microscopy. In a mouse model of MI, SCENT ameliorated cardiac repair by improving left ventricular function, reducing fibrotic tissue, and promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation. Mechanistic studies using single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse heart after SCENT revealed a downregulation of Cd36 in endothelial cells (ECs). In an EC-Cd36fl/- conditional knockout mouse model, the inhibition of CD36, a fatty acid transporter in ECs, led to a compensatory increase in glucose utilization in the heart and higher ATP generation, which enhanced cardiac contractility. In pigs, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed an enhanced ejection fraction (Δ=11.66±5.12%) and fractional shortening (Δ=5.72±2.29%) at day 28 after MI by SCENT treatment compared with controls, along with reduced infarct size and thickened ventricular wall. CONCLUSIONS In both rodent and swine models, our data proved the feasibility, efficacy, and general safety of SCENT treatment against acute MI injury, laying the groundwork for clinical investigation. Moreover, the EC-Cd36fl/- mouse model provides the first in vivo evidence showing that conditional EC-CD36 knockout can ameliorate cardiac injury. Our study introduces a noninvasive treatment option for heart disease and identifies new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlang Li
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University (J.L., Y.L., Y.L., Z.W.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
- Xsome Biotech Inc, Raleigh, NC (J.L.)
| | - Shenghuan Sun
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco (S.S., A.J.B.)
| | - Dashuai Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (D.Z., S.L., S.H., K.C.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Xuan Mei
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA (X.M.)
| | - Yongbo Lyu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University (J.L., Y.L., Y.L., Z.W.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Yuan Li
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University (J.L., Y.L., Y.L., Z.W.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (D.Z., S.L., S.H., K.C.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University (J.L., Y.L., Y.L., Z.W.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (D.Z., S.L., S.H., K.C.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Halle J Lutz
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Kristen D Popowski
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Phuong-Uyen C Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh (J.L., Y.L., K.H., Y.L., Z.W., H.J.L., K.D.P., P.-U.C.D.)
| | - Atul J Butte
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco (S.S., A.J.B.)
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (D.Z., S.L., S.H., K.C.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (K.C.), Columbia University, New York, NY
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4
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Zhang B, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Wu F, Ma X, Sheng W, Dai R, Guo Z, Yan W, Hao L, Huang G, Ma D, Hao B, Ma J. SMC3 contributes to heart development by regulating super-enhancer associated genes. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1826-1842. [PMID: 39085358 PMCID: PMC11372143 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cardiac development has been observed in individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) due to mutations in genes encoding members of the cohesin complex. However, the precise role of cohesin in heart development remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the indispensable role of SMC3, a component of the cohesin complex, in cardiac development and its underlying mechanism. Our investigation revealed that CdLS patients with SMC3 mutations have high rates of congenital heart disease (CHD). We utilized heart-specific Smc3-knockout (SMC3-cKO) mice, which exhibit varying degrees of outflow tract (OFT) abnormalities, to further explore this relationship. Additionally, we identified 16 rare SMC3 variants with potential pathogenicity in individuals with isolated CHD. By employing single-nucleus RNA sequencing and chromosome conformation capture high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing, we revealed that Smc3 deletion downregulates the expression of key genes, including Ets2, in OFT cardiac muscle cells by specifically decreasing interactions between super-enhancers (SEs) and promoters. Notably, Ets2-SE-null mice also exhibit delayed OFT development in the heart. Our research revealed a novel role for SMC3 in heart development via the regulation of SE-associated genes, suggesting its potential relevance as a CHD-related gene and providing crucial insights into the molecular basis of cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongchang Zhu
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Diseases and Functional Genomics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Institute and Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Feizhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranran Dai
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhenglong Guo
- Henan Medical Genetics Institute, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Diseases and Functional Genomics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Weili Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Hao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bingtao Hao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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5
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Teng X, He H, Yu H, Zhang X, Xing J, Shen J, Li C, Wang M, Shao L, Wang Z, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wu Q. LncRNAs in the Dlk1-Dio3 Domain Are Essential for Mid-Embryonic Heart Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8184. [PMID: 39125754 PMCID: PMC11311489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Dlk1-Dio3 domain is important for normal embryonic growth and development. The heart is the earliest developing and functioning organ of the embryo. In this study, we constructed a transcriptional termination model by inserting termination sequences and clarified that the lack of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain caused the death of maternal insertion mutant (MKI) and homozygous mutant (HOMO) mice starting from E13.5. Parental insertion mutants (PKI) can be born and grow normally. Macroscopically, dying MKI and HOMO embryos showed phenomena such as embryonic edema and reduced heart rate. Hematoxylin and eosin (H.E.) staining showed thinning of the myocardium in MKI and HOMO embryos. In situ hybridization (IHC) and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed downregulation of lncGtl2, Rian, and Mirg expression in MKI and HOMO hearts. The results of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) analysis indicated that the lack of lncRNA expression in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain led to reduced proliferation of epicardial cells and may be an important cause of cardiac dysplasia. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Dlk1-Dio3 domain lncRNAs play an integral role in ventricular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Teng
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hongjuan He
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haoran Yu
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ximeijia Zhang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jie Xing
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiwei Shen
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chenghao Li
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lan Shao
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haopeng Yang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qiong Wu
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; (X.T.); (H.H.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (J.X.); (J.S.); (C.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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6
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Wong D, Martinez J, Quijada P. Exploring the Function of Epicardial Cells Beyond the Surface. Circ Res 2024; 135:353-371. [PMID: 38963865 PMCID: PMC11225799 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.321567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The epicardium, previously viewed as a passive outer layer around the heart, is now recognized as an essential component in development, regeneration, and repair. In this review, we explore the cellular and molecular makeup of the epicardium, highlighting its roles in heart regeneration and repair in zebrafish and salamanders, as well as its activation in young and adult postnatal mammals. We also examine the latest technologies used to study the function of epicardial cells for therapeutic interventions. Analysis of highly regenerative animal models shows that the epicardium is essential in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation, transient fibrosis, and neovascularization. However, despite the epicardium's unique cellular programs to resolve cardiac damage, it remains unclear how to replicate these processes in nonregenerative mammalian organisms. During myocardial infarction, epicardial cells secrete signaling factors that modulate fibrotic, vascular, and inflammatory remodeling, which differentially enhance or inhibit cardiac repair. Recent transcriptomic studies have validated the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of the epicardium across various species and developmental stages, shedding further light on its function under pathological conditions. These studies have also provided insights into the function of regulatory epicardial-derived signaling molecules in various diseases, which could lead to new therapies and advances in reparative cardiovascular medicine. Moreover, insights gained from investigating epicardial cell function have initiated the development of novel techniques, including using human pluripotent stem cells and cardiac organoids to model reparative processes within the cardiovascular system. This growing understanding of epicardial function holds the potential for developing innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at addressing developmental heart disorders, enhancing regenerative therapies, and mitigating cardiovascular disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
| | - Julie Martinez
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
| | - Pearl Quijada
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90029
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7
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Chelu A, Cartwright EJ, Dobrzynski H. Empowering artificial intelligence in characterizing the human primary pacemaker of the heart at single cell resolution. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14041. [PMID: 38890395 PMCID: PMC11189420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The sinus node (SN) serves as the primary pacemaker of the heart and is the first component of the cardiac conduction system. Due to its anatomical properties and sample scarcity, the cellular composition of the human SN has been historically challenging to study. Here, we employed a novel deep learning deconvolution method, namely Bulk2space, to characterise the cellular heterogeneity of the human SN using existing single-cell datasets of non-human species. As a proof of principle, we used Bulk2Space to profile the cells of the bulk human right atrium using publicly available mouse scRNA-Seq data as a reference. 18 human cell populations were identified, with cardiac myocytes being the most abundant. Each identified cell population correlated to its published experimental counterpart. Subsequently, we applied the deconvolution to the bulk transcriptome of the human SN and identified 11 cell populations, including a population of pacemaker cardiomyocytes expressing pacemaking ion channels (HCN1, HCN4, CACNA1D) and transcription factors (SHOX2 and TBX3). The connective tissue of the SN was characterised by adipocyte and fibroblast populations, as well as key immune cells. Our work unravelled the unique single cell composition of the human SN by leveraging the power of a novel machine learning method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Chelu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Halina Dobrzynski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008, Kraków, Poland
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8
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Palmer JA, Rosenthal N, Teichmann SA, Litvinukova M. Revisiting Cardiac Biology in the Era of Single Cell and Spatial Omics. Circ Res 2024; 134:1681-1702. [PMID: 38843288 PMCID: PMC11149945 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Throughout our lifetime, each beat of the heart requires the coordinated action of multiple cardiac cell types. Understanding cardiac cell biology, its intricate microenvironments, and the mechanisms that govern their function in health and disease are crucial to designing novel therapeutical and behavioral interventions. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly propelled this understanding, offering novel insights into the cellular diversity and function and the complex interactions of cardiac tissue. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cellular landscape of the heart, bridging the gap between suspension-based and emerging in situ approaches, focusing on the experimental and computational challenges, comparative analyses of mouse and human cardiac systems, and the rising contextualization of cardiac cells within their niches. As we explore the heart at this unprecedented resolution, integrating insights from both mouse and human studies will pave the way for novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A. Palmer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.A.P., S.A.T.)
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (J.A.P., S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME (N.R.)
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (N.R.)
| | - Sarah A. Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.A.P., S.A.T.)
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (J.A.P., S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory (S.A.T.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Litvinukova
- University Hospital Würzburg, Germany (M.L.)
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany (M.L.)
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Munich, Germany (M.L.)
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9
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Xu J, Deng Y, Li G. Keratin 19 (Krt19) is a novel marker gene for epicardial cells. Front Genet 2024; 15:1385867. [PMID: 38831775 PMCID: PMC11145414 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1385867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Epicardial cells regulate heart growth by secreting numerous growth factors and undergoing lineage specification into other cardiac lineages. However, the lack of specific marker genes for epicardial cells has hindered the understanding of this cell type in heart development. Through the analysis of a cardiac single cell mRNA sequencing dataset, we identified a novel epicardial gene named Keratin 19 (Krt19). Further analysis of the expression patterns of Krt19 and Wt1, a well-known epicardial gene, revealed their preferences in major cardiac cell types. Using lineage-tracing analysis, we analyzed Krt19-CreER labeled cells at multiple time windows and found that it labels epicardial cells at both embryonic and neonatal stages. Furthermore, we studied the function of epicardial cells using a diphtheria toxin A chain (DTA)-based cell ablation system. We discovered that Krt19-CreER labeled cells are essential for fetal heart development. Finally, we investigated the function of Krt19-CreER and Wt1-CreER labeled cells in neonatal mouse development. We observed that the Krt19-CreER; Rosa-DTA mice displayed a smaller size after tamoxifen treatment, suggesting the potential importance of Krt19-CreER labeled cells in neonatal mouse development. Additionally, we found that Wt1-CreER; Rosa-DTA mice died at early stages, likely due to defects in the kidney and spleen. In summary, we have identified Krt19 as a new epicardial cell marker gene and further explored the function of epicardial cells using the Krt19-CreER and Wt1-CreER-mediated DTA ablation system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Integrative Organ Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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10
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Chen Z, Pan Z, Huang C, Zhu X, Li N, Huynh H, Xu J, Huang L, Vaz FM, Liu J, Han Z, Ouyang K. Cardiac lipidomic profiles in mice undergo changes from fetus to adult. Life Sci 2024; 341:122484. [PMID: 38311219 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Lipids are essential cellular components with many important biological functions. Disturbed lipid biosynthesis and metabolism has been shown to cause cardiac developmental abnormality and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the composition and the molecular profiles of lipids in mammalian hearts between embryonic and adult stages and uncover the underlying links between lipid and cardiac development and maturation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected mouse hearts at the embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5), E15.5, and the age of 2 months, 4 months and 10 months, and performed lipidomic analysis to determine the changes of the composition, molecular species, and relative abundance of cardiac lipids between embryonic and adult stages. Additionally, we also performed the electronic microscopy and RNA sequencing in both embryonic and adult mouse hearts. KEY FINDINGS The relative abundances of certain phospholipids and sphingolipids including cardiolipin, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and ceramide, are different between embryonic and adult hearts. Such lipidomic changes are accompanied with increased densities of mitochondrial membranes and elevated expression of genes related to mitochondrial formation in adult mouse hearts. We also analyzed individual molecular species of phospholipids and sphingolipids, and revealed that the composition and distribution of lipid molecular species in hearts also change with development. SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides not only a lipidomic view of mammalian hearts when developing from the embryonic to the adult stage, but also a potential pool of lipid indicators for cardiac cell development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze'e Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhixiang Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Can Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangbin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Helen Huynh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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11
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Nakanishi-Koakutsu M, Miki K, Naka Y, Sasaki M, Wakimizu T, Napier SC, Okubo C, Narita M, Nishikawa M, Hata R, Chonabayashi K, Hotta A, Imahashi K, Nishimoto T, Yoshida Y. CD151 expression marks atrial- and ventricular- differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:231. [PMID: 38418926 PMCID: PMC10901864 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current differentiation protocols for human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) produce heterogeneous cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although chamber-specific CM selection using cell surface antigens enhances biomedical applications, a cell surface marker that accurately distinguishes between hiPSC-derived atrial CMs (ACMs) and ventricular CMs (VCMs) has not yet been identified. We have developed an approach for obtaining functional hiPSC-ACMs and -VCMs based on CD151 expression. For ACM differentiation, we found that ACMs are enriched in the CD151low population and that CD151 expression is correlated with the expression of Notch4 and its ligands. Furthermore, Notch signaling inhibition followed by selecting the CD151low population during atrial differentiation leads to the highly efficient generation of ACMs as evidenced by gene expression and electrophysiology. In contrast, for VCM differentiation, VCMs exhibiting a ventricular-related gene signature and uniform action potentials are enriched in the CD151high population. Our findings enable the production of high-quality ACMs and VCMs appropriate for hiPSC-derived chamber-specific disease models and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Nakanishi-Koakutsu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kenji Miki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Center for Organ Engineering, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuki Naka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masako Sasaki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Wakimizu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Stephanie C Napier
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Global Advanced Platform, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Chikako Okubo
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Megumi Narita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Misato Nishikawa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Reo Hata
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Chonabayashi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Imahashi
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Global Advanced Platform, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishimoto
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
- Orizuru Therapeutics Incorporated, Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yoshida
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Takeda-CiRA Joint program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, 251-8555, Japan.
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12
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Xu N, Gonzalez BA, Yutzey KE. Macrophage lineages in heart development and regeneration. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 156:1-17. [PMID: 38556420 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
During development, macrophage subpopulations derived from hematopoietic progenitors take up residence in the developing heart. Embryonic macrophages are detectable at the early stages of heart formation in the nascent myocardium, valves and coronary vasculature. The specific subtypes of macrophages present in the developing heart reflect the generation of hematopoietic progenitors in the yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros, fetal liver, and postnatal bone marrow. Ablation studies have demonstrated specific requirements for embryonic macrophages in valve remodeling, coronary and lymphatic vessel development, specialized conduction system maturation, and myocardial regeneration after neonatal injury. The developmental origins of macrophage lineages change over time, with embryonic lineages having more reparative and remodeling functions in comparison to the bone marrow derived myeloid lineages of adults. Here we review the contributions and functions of cardiac macrophages in the developing heart with potential regenerative and reparative implications for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Brittany A Gonzalez
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Katherine E Yutzey
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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13
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Brown AL, Sexton ZA, Hu Z, Yang W, Marsden AL. Computational approaches for mechanobiology in cardiovascular development and diseases. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 156:19-50. [PMID: 38556423 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The cardiovascular development in vertebrates evolves in response to genetic and mechanical cues. The dynamic interplay among mechanics, cell biology, and anatomy continually shapes the hydraulic networks, characterized by complex, non-linear changes in anatomical structure and blood flow dynamics. To better understand this interplay, a diverse set of molecular and computational tools has been used to comprehensively study cardiovascular mechanobiology. With the continual advancement of computational capacity and numerical techniques, cardiovascular simulation is increasingly vital in both basic science research for understanding developmental mechanisms and disease etiologies, as well as in clinical studies aimed at enhancing treatment outcomes. This review provides an overview of computational cardiovascular modeling. Beginning with the fundamental concepts of computational cardiovascular modeling, it navigates through the applications of computational modeling in investigating mechanobiology during cardiac development. Second, the article illustrates the utility of computational hemodynamic modeling in the context of treatment planning for congenital heart diseases. It then delves into the predictive potential of computational models for elucidating tissue growth and remodeling processes. In closing, we outline prevailing challenges and future prospects, underscoring the transformative impact of computational cardiovascular modeling in reshaping cardiovascular science and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Zachary A Sexton
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Zinan Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alison L Marsden
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
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14
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Ye F, Wang J, Li J, Mei Y, Guo G. Mapping Cell Atlases at the Single-Cell Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305449. [PMID: 38145338 PMCID: PMC10885669 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in single-cell technologies have led to rapid developments in the construction of cell atlases. These atlases have the potential to provide detailed information about every cell type in different organisms, enabling the characterization of cellular diversity at the single-cell level. Global efforts in developing comprehensive cell atlases have profound implications for both basic research and clinical applications. This review provides a broad overview of the cellular diversity and dynamics across various biological systems. In addition, the incorporation of machine learning techniques into cell atlas analyses opens up exciting prospects for the field of integrative biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
| | - Yuqing Mei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
| | - Guoji Guo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineDr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310000China
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15
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Hsu IU, Lin Y, Guo Y, Xu QJ, Shao Y, Wang RL, Yin D, Zhao J, Young LH, Zhao H, Zhang L, Chang RB. Differential developmental blueprints of organ-intrinsic nervous systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.12.571306. [PMID: 38168446 PMCID: PMC10759999 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.571306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The organ-intrinsic nervous system is a major interface between visceral organs and the brain, mediating important sensory and regulatory functions in the body-brain axis and serving as critical local processors for organ homeostasis. Molecularly, anatomically, and functionally, organ-intrinsic neurons are highly specialized for their host organs. However, the underlying mechanism that drives this specialization is largely unknown. Here, we describe the differential strategies utilized to achieve organ-specific organization between the enteric nervous system (ENS) 1 and the intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICNS) 2 , a neuronal network essential for heart performance but poorly characterized. Integrating high-resolution whole-embryo imaging, single-cell genomics, spatial transcriptomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics, we uncover that unlike the ENS which is highly mobile and colonizes the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ICNS uses a rich set of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes that match with surrounding heart cells and an intermediate dedicated neuronal progenitor state to stabilize itself for a 'beads-on-the-necklace' organization on heart atria. While ICNS- and ENS-precursors are genetically similar, their differentiation paths are influenced by their host-organs, leading to distinct mature neuron types. Co-culturing ENS-precursors with heart cells shifts their identity towards the ICNS and induces the expression of heart-matching ECM genes. Our cross-organ study thus reveals fundamental principles for the maturation and specialization of organ-intrinsic neurons.
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16
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Du J, Yuan X, Deng H, Huang R, Liu B, Xiong T, Long X, Zhang L, Li Y, She Q. Single-cell and spatial heterogeneity landscapes of mature epicardial cells. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:894-907. [PMID: 37719196 PMCID: PMC10499659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tbx18, Wt1, and Tcf21 have been identified as epicardial markers during the early embryonic stage. However, the gene markers of mature epicardial cells remain unclear. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis was performed with the Seurat, Monocle, and CellphoneDB packages in R software with standard procedures. Spatial transcriptomics was performed on chilled Visium Tissue Optimization Slides (10x Genomics) and Visium Spatial Gene Expression Slides (10x Genomics). Spatial transcriptomics analysis was performed with Space Ranger software and R software. Immunofluorescence, whole-mount RNA in situ hybridization and X-gal staining were performed to validate the analysis results. Spatial transcriptomics analysis revealed distinct transcriptional profiles and functions between epicardial tissue and non-epicardial tissue. Several gene markers specific to postnatal epicardial tissue were identified, including Msln, C3, Efemp1, and Upk3b. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that cardiac cells from wildtype mouse hearts (from embryonic day 9.5 to postnatal day 9) could be categorized into six major cell types, which included epicardial cells. Throughout epicardial development, Wt1, Tbx18, and Upk3b were consistently expressed, whereas genes including Msln, C3, and Efemp1 exhibited increased expression during the mature stages of development. Pseudotime analysis further revealed two epicardial cell fates during maturation. Moreover, Upk3b, Msln, Efemp1, and C3 positive epicardial cells were enriched in extracellular matrix signaling. Our results suggested Upk3b, Efemp1, Msln, C3, and other genes were mature epicardium markers. Extracellular matrix signaling was found to play a critical role in the mature epicardium, thus suggesting potential therapeutic targets for heart regeneration in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Rongzhong Huang
- Precision Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Tianhua Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xianglin Long
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yingrui Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qiang She
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
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17
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Qu F, Li W, Xu J, Zhang R, Ke J, Ren X, Meng X, Qin L, Zhang J, Lu F, Zhou X, Luo X, Zhang Z, Wang M, Wu G, Pei D, Chen J, Cui G, Suo S, Peng G. Three-dimensional molecular architecture of mouse organogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4599. [PMID: 37524711 PMCID: PMC10390492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian embryos exhibit sophisticated cellular patterning that is intricately orchestrated at both molecular and cellular level. It has recently become apparent that cells within the animal body display significant heterogeneity, both in terms of their cellular properties and spatial distributions. However, current spatial transcriptomic profiling either lacks three-dimensional representation or is limited in its ability to capture the complexity of embryonic tissues and organs. Here, we present a spatial transcriptomic atlas of all major organs at embryonic day 13.5 in the mouse embryo, and provide a three-dimensional rendering of molecular regulation for embryonic patterning with stacked sections. By integrating the spatial atlas with corresponding single-cell transcriptomic data, we offer a detailed molecular annotation of the dynamic nature of organ development, spatial cellular interactions, embryonic axes, and divergence of cell fates that underlie mammalian development, which would pave the way for precise organ engineering and stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Qu
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjia Li
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruifang Zhang
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincan Ke
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodie Ren
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogao Meng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
- Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lexin Qin
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingna Zhang
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangru Lu
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhan Wang
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangming Wu
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- Laboratory of Cell Fate Control, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiekai Chen
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shengbao Suo
- Guangzhou Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, 510005, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guangdun Peng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Atlas, Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510530, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Deng Y, He Y, Xu J, He H, Li G. Heterogeneity and Functional Analysis of Cardiac Fibroblasts in Heart Development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.30.551164. [PMID: 37577541 PMCID: PMC10418062 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.30.551164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background As one of the major cell types in the heart, fibroblasts play critical roles in multiple biological processes. Cardiac fibroblasts are known to develop from multiple sources, but their transcriptional profiles have not been systematically compared. Furthermore, while the function of a few genes in cardiac fibroblasts has been studied, the overall function of fibroblasts as a cell type remains uninvestigated. Methods Single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bioinformatics approaches were used to analyze the genome-wide genes expression and extracellular matrix genes expression in fibroblasts, as well as the ligand-receptor interactions between fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Single molecular in situ hybridization was employed to analyze the expression pattern of fibroblast subpopulation-specific genes. The Diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA) system was utilized to ablate fibroblasts at each developmental phase. Results Using RNA staining of Col1a1 at different stages, we grouped cardiac fibroblasts into four developmental phases. Through the analysis of scRNA-seq profiles of fibroblasts at 18 stages from two mouse strains, we identified significant heterogeneity, preserving lineage gene expression in their precursor cells. Within the main fibroblast population, we found differential expressions of Wt1, Tbx18, and Aldh1a2 genes in various cell clusters. Lineage tracing studies showed Wt1- and Tbx18-positive fibroblasts originated from respective epicardial cells. Furthermore, using a conditional DTA system-based elimination, we identified the crucial role of fibroblasts in early embryonic and heart growth, but not in neonatal heart growth. Additionally, we identified the zone- and stage-associated expression of extracellular matrix genes and fibroblast-cardiomyocyte ligand-receptor interactions. This comprehensive understanding sheds light on fibroblast function in heart development. Conclusion We observed cardiac fibroblast heterogeneity at embryonic and neonatal stages, with preserved lineage gene expression. Ablation studies revealed their distinct roles during development, likely influenced by varying extracellular matrix genes and ligand-receptor interactions at different stages.
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Lother A, Kohl P. The heterocellular heart: identities, interactions, and implications for cardiology. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:30. [PMID: 37495826 PMCID: PMC10371928 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The heterocellular nature of the heart has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. In addition to cardiomyocytes as the prototypical cell type of the heart, non-myocytes such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or immune cells are coming more into focus. The rise of single-cell sequencing technologies enables identification of ever more subtle differences and has reignited the question of what defines a cell's identity. Here we provide an overview of the major cardiac cell types, describe their roles in homeostasis, and outline recent findings on non-canonical functions that may be of relevance for cardiology. We highlight modes of biochemical and biophysical interactions between different cardiac cell types and discuss the potential implications of the heterocellular nature of the heart for basic research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Lother
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Velayutham N, Calderon MU, Alfieri CM, Padula SL, van Leeuwen FN, Scheijen B, Yutzey KE. Btg1 and Btg2 regulate neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 179:30-41. [PMID: 37062247 PMCID: PMC10192094 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Rodent cardiomyocytes undergo mitotic arrest in the first postnatal week. Here, we investigate the role of transcriptional co-regulator Btg2 (B-cell translocation gene 2) and functionally-similar homolog Btg1 in postnatal cardiomyocyte cell cycling and maturation. Btg1 and Btg2 (Btg1/2) are expressed in neonatal C57BL/6 mouse left ventricles coincident with cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest. Btg1/2 constitutive double knockout (DKO) mouse hearts exhibit increased pHH3+ mitotic cardiomyocytes compared to Wildtype at postnatal day (P)7, but not at P30. Similarly, neonatal AAV9-mediated Btg1/2 double knockdown (DKD) mouse hearts exhibit increased EdU+ mitotic cardiomyocytes compared to Scramble AAV9-shRNA controls at P7, but not at P14. In neonatal rat ventricular myocyte (NRVM) cultures, siRNA-mediated Btg1/2 single and double knockdown cohorts showed increased EdU+ cardiomyocytes compared to Scramble siRNA controls, without increase in binucleation or nuclear DNA content. RNAseq analyses of Btg1/2-depleted NRVMs support a role for Btg1/2 in inhibiting cell proliferation, and in modulating reactive oxygen species response pathways, implicated in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest. Together, these data identify Btg1 and Btg2 as novel contributing factors in mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedhitha Velayutham
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria Uscategui Calderon
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christina M Alfieri
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie L Padula
- The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Katherine E Yutzey
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; The Heart Institute, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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