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Plaickner J, Petit T, Bärmann P, Schultz T, Koch N, Esser N. Surface termination effects on Raman spectra of Ti 3C 2T x MXenes: an in situ UHV analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:20883-20890. [PMID: 39044681 PMCID: PMC11305094 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXenes have typically a mixed surface termination of oxygen, hydroxyl and fluorine groups (Tx). In this work, we investigate the influence of the surface termination on the vibrational properties of Ti3C2Tx by performing thermal desorption and in situ Raman spectroscopy in ultra-high-vacuum (UHV). Significant changes in the Raman spectra occur after annealing above 600 °C, correlated with the desorption of approximately 80% of the fluorine termination, as confirmed by mass spectrometry and X-ray photoemission spectra. In particular, the intense Raman mode at 203 cm-1, usually attributed to a Ti-C-layer stretching vibration, is strongly damped upon fluorine desorption, while the broad spectral features between 220 and 680 cm-1, usually attributed to surface group vibrations, are not changing significantly. We show that the Raman spectra and the change induced by fluorine desorption are well represented by the phonon density of states instead of zone-center phonon modes. Disorder-induced Raman scattering strongly contributes to the Raman spectra. Moreover, due to the metallic nature of MXenes, charge density fluctuation scattering contributes as well. We show that the two scattering mechanisms, deformation potential and charge density fluctuation, may lead to opposite interpretations concerning the symmetry of the fluorine-related mode at 203 cm-1. This study provides new insights into the interpretation of the Raman spectra of MXenes, especially regarding the relation between surface chemistry and vibrational spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Plaickner
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tristan Petit
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peer Bärmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schultz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Koch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Esser
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Schwarzschildstraße 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Li M, Wang P, Yu X, Su Y, Zhao J. Impact of Nuclear Quantum Effects on the Structural Properties of Protonated Water Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5954-5962. [PMID: 39007820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) play a crucial role in hydrogen-bonded systems due to quantum tunneling and proton fluctuation. Our understanding of how NQEs affect microstructures mainly focuses on bulk phases of liquids and solids but remains deficient for water clusters, including their hydrogen nuclei, hydrogen-bonded configurations, and temperature dependence. Here, we conducted ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) and path integral MD simulations to investigate the influence of NQEs on the structural properties of protonated water clusters H+(H2O)n (n = 3, 6, 9, 12). The results reveal that the NQEs become less evident as the cluster size increases due to the competition between NQEs and electrostatic interactions. Simulations of several H+(H2O)6 isomers at different temperatures indicate that the effect of elevated temperature on proton transfer is related to the initial structure. Interestingly, the process of proton transfer also involves the interconversion between Zundel-type and Eigen-type isomers. These findings significantly deepen our understanding of ion-water and water-water interactions, opening new avenues for the study of hydrated ion clusters and related systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | | | - Xueke Yu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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3
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Qin M, Yao Y, Chen C, Zhu K, Wang G, Cao D, Yan J. Regulating nitrogen/sulfur terminals on 3D porous Ti 3C 2 MXene with enhanced reaction kinetics toward high-performance alkali metal ion storage. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 665:742-751. [PMID: 38554464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we have developed a simple and efficient sulfur-amine chemistry strategy to prepare a three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti3C2Tx composite with large amounts of N and S terminal groups. The well-designed 3D macroporous architecture presents enlarged interlayer spacing, large specific surface area, and unique porous structure, which successfully solves the re-stacking issue of MXene during storage and electrode fabrication. It is the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid added to the S-EDA (ethylenediamine)/MXene colloidal suspension that is critical to the formation of 3D morphology. In addition, N and S terminals on MXene could improve the adsorption ability of K+. Owing to the synergistic effect of the structure design and terminal modification, the N, S codoped three-dimensional porous Ti3C2Tx (3D-NSPM) material shows a high surface capacitive contribution and rapid diffusion kinetics for K+ and Na+. As a result, the as-prepared 3D-NSPM delivers high reversible capacity (237 and 273 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 for PIBs and SIBs, respectively), superb cycling stability (84.9% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 1 A g-1 in PIBs and 74.0% capacity retention after 2200 cycles at 1 A g-1 in SIBs), and excellent rate capability (111 and 196 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1 for PIBs and SIBs, respectively), which are superior to other MXene-based anodes for PIBs and SIBs. Moreover, the described strategy provides a new insight for constructing the 3D porous structure from 2D building blocks beyond MXene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yiwei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, and Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dianxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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4
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Wicklein B, Valurouthu G, Yoon H, Yoo H, Ponnan S, Mahato M, Kim J, Ali SS, Park JY, Gogotsi Y, Oh IK. Influence of MXene Composition on Triboelectricity of MXene-Alginate Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38684057 PMCID: PMC11082886 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are highly versatile and conductive 2D materials that can significantly enhance the triboelectric properties of polymer nanocomposites. Despite the growing interest in the tunable chemistry of MXenes for energy applications, the effect of their chemical composition on triboelectric power generation has yet to be thoroughly studied. Here, we investigate the impact of the chemical composition of MXenes, specifically the Ti3CNTx carbonitride vs the most studied carbide, Ti3C2Tx, on their interactions with sodium alginate biopolymer and, ultimately, the performance of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device. Our results show that adding 2 wt % of Ti3CNTx to alginate produces a synergistic effect that generates a higher triboelectric output than the Ti3C2Tx system. Spectroscopic analyses suggest that a higher oxygen and fluorine content on the surface of Ti3CNTx enhances hydrogen bonding with the alginate matrix, thereby increasing the surface charge density of the alginate oxygen atoms. This was further supported by Kelvin probe force microscopy, which revealed a more negative surface potential on Ti3CNTx-alginate, facilitating high charge transfer between the TENG electrodes. The optimized Ti3CNTx-alginate nanogenerator delivered an output of 670 V, 15 μA, and 0.28 W/m2. Additionally, we demonstrate that plasma oxidation of the MXene surface further enhances triboelectric performance. Due to the diverse surface terminations of MXene, we show that Ti3CNTx-alginate can function as either tribopositive or tribonegative material, depending on the counter-contacting material. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of how MXene composition affects their interaction with biopolymers and resulting tunable triboelectrification behavior. This opens up new avenues for developing flexible and efficient MXene-based TENG devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Wicklein
- Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geetha Valurouthu
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials
Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - HongYeon Yoon
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Yoo
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sathiyanathan Ponnan
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Manmatha Mahato
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseok Kim
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Sheraz Ali
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials
Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Il-Kwon Oh
- National
Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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5
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Yang C, Hu J, Liu L, Wu S, Pan M, Liu Y, Wang H, Li P, Zhang Q, Qiu W, Luo H. An underwater vest containing an antioxidant MXene hydrogel for sensitive recognition of fish locomotion. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:41. [PMID: 38523657 PMCID: PMC10957866 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The perception of fish locomotion is important for understanding their adaptive behaviors and ethological characteristics. However, the main strategy used for extracting fish attitudes involves the use of a vision-based monitoring system, which is limited in its range of observation and cannot perform tracking for long times. Here, we report the use of a wearable tagging electronic device, referred to as an underwater vest, to capture the surrounding flow field disturbances triggered by swimming or momentary postural changes. All of these goals were achieved by integrating a pair of pseudocapacitive pressure-sensing units and a flexible circuit board. Notably, additional conditions, such as variable hydraulic pressures and minimal changes in fish posture, require high stability and sensitivity of the sensing units. Thus, hybrid hydrogel electrodes were developed through cross-linking MXene with holey-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and further modification with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ionic liquids, which increased the interfacial capacitance and long-term interfacial activity of the MXene. Consequently, the sensing unit exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity (Smax~136,207 kPa-1) in an aquatic environment for 60 days and superior high-pressure resolution (10 Pa) within a wide working range of 1 MPa. Ultimately, an underwater vest integrated with such sensing units clearly distinguished and recorded fish locomotion. We believe that the designed device may open avenues in flow field monitoring and ocean current detection and provide new insights into the development of sensitive underwater tagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiu Yang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Jiafei Hu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Lihui Liu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Mengchun Pan
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Haomiao Wang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Peisen Li
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Weicheng Qiu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
| | - Huihui Luo
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073 China
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6
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Sun Y, Lee J, Kwon NH, Lim J, Jin X, Gogotsi Y, Hwang SJ. Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity of Palladium Catalyst by Immobilization on MXene Nanosheets. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6243-6255. [PMID: 38345597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Efficient catalysts with minimal content of catalytically active noble metals are essential for the transition to the clean hydrogen economy. Catalyst supports that can immobilize and stabilize catalytic nanoparticles and facilitate the supply of electrons and reactants to the catalysts are needed. Being hydrophilic and more conductive compared with carbons, MXenes have shown promise as catalyst supports. However, the controlled assembly of their 2D sheets creates a challenge. This study established a lattice engineering approach to regulate the assembly of exfoliated Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets with guest cations of various sizes. The enlargement of guest cations led to a decreased interlayer interaction of MXene lamellae and increased surface accessibility, allowing intercalation of Pd nanoparticles. Stabilization of Pd nanoparticles between interlayer-expanded MXene nanosheets improved their electrocatalytic activity. The Pd-immobilized K+-intercalated MXene nanosheets (PdKMX) demonstrated exceptional electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction with the lowest overpotential of 72 mV (@10 mA cm-2) and the highest turnover frequency of 1.122 s-1 (@ an overpotential of 100 mV), which were superior to those of the state-of-the-art Pd nanoparticle-based electrocatalysts. Weakening of the interlayer interaction during self-assembly with K+ ions led to fewer layers in lamellae and expansion of the MXene in the c direction during Pd anchoring, providing numerous surface-active sites and promoting mass transport. In situ spectroscopic analysis suggests that the effective interfacial electron injection from the Pd nanoparticles strongly immobilized on interlayer-expanded PdKMX may be responsible for the improved electrocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Multidimensional Genomics Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Seong-Ju Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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7
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Lounasvuori M, Zhang T, Gogotsi Y, Petit T. Tuning the Microenvironment of Water Confined in Ti 3C 2T x MXene by Cation Intercalation. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:2803-2813. [PMID: 38414833 PMCID: PMC10895661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The local microenvironment has recently been found to play a major role in the electrocatalytic activity of nanomaterials. Modulating the microenvironment by adding alkali metal cations into the electrolyte can be used to either suppress hydrogen or oxygen evolution, thereby extending the electrochemical window of energy storage systems, or to tune the selectivity of electrocatalysts. MXenes are a large family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides that have shown potential for use in electrochemical energy storage applications. Due to their negatively charged surfaces, MXenes can accommodate cations and water molecules between the layers. Nevertheless, the nature of the aqueous microenvironment in the MXene interlayer space is poorly understood. Here, we apply Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to probe the hydrogen bonding of intercalated water in Ti3C2Tx as a function of intercalated cation and relative humidity. Substantial changes in the FTIR spectra after cation exchange demonstrate that the hydrogen bonding of water molecules confined between the MXene layers is strongly cation-dependent. Furthermore, the IR absorbance of the confined water correlates with resistivity estimated by 4-point probe measurements and interlayer distance calculated from XRD patterns. This work demonstrates that cation intercalation strongly modulates the confined microenvironment, which can be used to tune the activity or selectivity of electrochemical reactions in the interlayer space of MXenes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailis Lounasvuori
- Nanoscale Solid-Liquid Interfaces, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Teng Zhang
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Tristan Petit
- Nanoscale Solid-Liquid Interfaces, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Yang J, Li M, Fang S, Wang Y, He H, Wang C, Zhang Z, Yuan B, Jiang L, Baughman RH, Cheng Q. Water-induced strong isotropic MXene-bridged graphene sheets for electrochemical energy storage. Science 2024; 383:771-777. [PMID: 38359121 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Graphene and two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) are important materials for making flexible energy storage devices because of their electrical and mechanical properties. It remains a challenge to assemble nanoplatelets of these materials at room temperature into in-plane isotropic, free-standing sheets. Using nanoconfined water-induced basal-plane alignment and covalent and π-π interplatelet bridging, we fabricated Ti3C2Tx MXene-bridged graphene sheets at room temperature with isotropic in-plane tensile strength of 1.87 gigapascals and moduli of 98.7 gigapascals. The in-plane room temperature electrical conductivity reached 1423 siemens per centimeter, and volumetric specific capacity reached 828 coulombs per cubic centimeter. This nanoconfined water-induced alignment likely provides an important approach for making other aligned macroscopic assemblies of two-dimensional nanoplatelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaoli Fang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chenlu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bicheng Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ray H Baughman
- Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Qunfeng Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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9
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Meng D, Xu M, Li S, Ganesan M, Ruan X, Ravi SK, Cui X. Functional MXenes: Progress and Perspectives on Synthetic Strategies and Structure-Property Interplay for Next-Generation Technologies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304483. [PMID: 37730973 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of 2D materials that include layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. Since their inception in 2011, they have garnered significant attention due to their diverse compositions, unique structures, and extraordinary properties, such as high specific surface areas and excellent electrical conductivity. This versatility has opened up immense potential in various fields, catalyzing a surge in MXene research and leading to note worthy advancements. This review offers an in-depth overview of the evolution of MXenes over the past 5 years, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and technological prospects. A classification scheme for MXene structures based on entropy is presented and an updated summary of the elemental constituents of the MXene family is provided, as documented in recent literature. Delving into the microscopic structure and synthesis routes, the intricate structure-property relationships are explored at the nano/micro level that dictate the macroscopic applications of MXenes. Through an extensive review of the latest representative works, the utilization of MXenes in energy, environmental, electronic, and biomedical fields is showcased, offering a glimpse into the current technological bottlenecks, such asstability, scalability, and device integration. Moreover, potential pathways for advancing MXenes toward next-generation technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Muthusankar Ganesan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaowen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Sai Kishore Ravi
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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