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Lee KH, Kang DG, Kim DW, Do HK, Kim DY, Kim W. Piperlongumine regulates genes involved in the skin barrier in epidermal keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:326-339. [PMID: 38933927 PMCID: PMC11207940 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2361144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Given that the skin is the largest tissue in the human body, performing external barrier functions with innate and adaptive immunity and undergoing substantial changes during aging, it is under investigation as a major target of various bioactive molecules. In the present study, we examined the biological activity of the senolytic piperlongumine by analyzing alterations in mRNA expression of notable skin genes using transformed aneuploid immortal epidermal keratinocytes, HaCaT cells. We observed that piperlongumine increased the mRNA expression of genes playing critical roles in skin barrier function. In addition, piperlongumine increased expression enzymes involved in the synthesis of ceramide, a major component of intercellular lipids. Furthermore, we measured the protein levels of various cytokines secreted by epidermal keratinocytes and found changes in the release of GRO-αβγ, CCL5, and MCP1. Additionally, we observed that piperlongumine treatment modulated the expression of keratinocyte-specific aging markers and influenced telomerase activity. Based on these findings, piperlongumine could regulate the physiological activity of epidermal keratinocytes to induce beneficial effects in human skin by regulating important skin-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Deok Gyeong Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, and Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Dae-Wook Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hwan-Kwon Do
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cancer Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Wanil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, and Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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2
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Suryadevara V, Hudgins AD, Rajesh A, Pappalardo A, Karpova A, Dey AK, Hertzel A, Agudelo A, Rocha A, Soygur B, Schilling B, Carver CM, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Baker DJ, Bernlohr DA, Jurk D, Mangarova DB, Quardokus EM, Enninga EAL, Schmidt EL, Chen F, Duncan FE, Cambuli F, Kaur G, Kuchel GA, Lee G, Daldrup-Link HE, Martini H, Phatnani H, Al-Naggar IM, Rahman I, Nie J, Passos JF, Silverstein JC, Campisi J, Wang J, Iwasaki K, Barbosa K, Metis K, Nernekli K, Niedernhofer LJ, Ding L, Wang L, Adams LC, Ruiyang L, Doolittle ML, Teneche MG, Schafer MJ, Xu M, Hajipour M, Boroumand M, Basisty N, Sloan N, Slavov N, Kuksenko O, Robson P, Gomez PT, Vasilikos P, Adams PD, Carapeto P, Zhu Q, Ramasamy R, Perez-Lorenzo R, Fan R, Dong R, Montgomery RR, Shaikh S, Vickovic S, Yin S, Kang S, Suvakov S, Khosla S, Garovic VD, Menon V, Xu Y, Song Y, Suh Y, Dou Z, Neretti N. SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8. [PMID: 38831121 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Once considered a tissue culture-specific phenomenon, cellular senescence has now been linked to various biological processes with both beneficial and detrimental roles in humans, rodents and other species. Much of our understanding of senescent cell biology still originates from tissue culture studies, where each cell in the culture is driven to an irreversible cell cycle arrest. By contrast, in tissues, these cells are relatively rare and difficult to characterize, and it is now established that fully differentiated, postmitotic cells can also acquire a senescence phenotype. The SenNet Biomarkers Working Group was formed to provide recommendations for the use of cellular senescence markers to identify and characterize senescent cells in tissues. Here, we provide recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues based on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature reporting senescence markers in 14 tissues in mice and humans. We discuss some of the recent advances in detecting and characterizing cellular senescence, including molecular senescence signatures and morphological features, and the use of circulating markers. We aim for this work to be a valuable resource for both seasoned investigators in senescence-related studies and newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyani Suryadevara
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam D Hudgins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adarsh Rajesh
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Alla Karpova
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anthony Agudelo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Azucena Rocha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bikem Soygur
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Chase M Carver
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Darren J Baker
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Diana Jurk
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dilyana B Mangarova
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ellen M Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth L Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Gung Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heike E Daldrup-Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helene Martini
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iman M Al-Naggar
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jia Nie
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - João F Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan C Silverstein
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Julia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kanako Iwasaki
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Karina Barbosa
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kay Metis
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kerem Nernekli
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lichao Wang
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa C Adams
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liu Ruiyang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Madison L Doolittle
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marcos G Teneche
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mohammadjavad Hajipour
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Sloan
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Barnett Institute for Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olena Kuksenko
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Paul T Gomez
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Periklis Vasilikos
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Priscila Carapeto
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Quan Zhu
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rong Fan
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Runze Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sadiya Shaikh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sanja Vickovic
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer Laboratory for Gene and Neuro Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shoukai Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vesna D Garovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhixun Dou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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3
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Thasneem A, Sif S, Rahman MM, Crovella S. Can telomeric changes orchestrate the development of autoinflammatory skin diseases? Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:318-328. [PMID: 38502535 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Telomeres, the safeguarding caps at the tips of chromosomes, are pivotal in the aging process of cells and have been linked to skin ailments and inflammatory conditions. Telomeres undergo a gradual reduction in length and factors such as oxidative stress hasten this diminishing process. Skin diseases including inflammatory conditions can be correlated with the shortening of telomeres and the persistent activation of DNA damage response in skin tissues. Telomere dysfunction could disrupt the balance of the skin, impairs wound healing, and may contribute to abnormal cytokine production. Skin aging and processes related to telomeres may function as one of the triggers for skin diseases. The presence of proinflammatory cytokines and dysfunctional telomeres in conditions such as Dyskeratosis Congenita implies a possible connection between the shortening of telomeres and the onset of chronic inflammatory skin disorders. In autoinflammatory skin diseases, chronic inflammation hinders wound healing thus aggravating the progression of the disease. The NF-ĸB pathway might contribute to the initiation or progression of chronic disorders by influencing mechanisms associated with telomere biology. The intricate connections between telomeres, telomerase, telomere-associated proteins, and skin diseases are still a complex puzzle to be solved. Here, we provide an overview of the impact of telomeres on both health and disease with a specific emphasis on their role in skin, inflammation and autoinflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayshath Thasneem
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Said Sif
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar -
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Zonari A, Brace LE, Harder NHO, Harker C, Oliveira CR, Boroni M, Carvalho JL. Double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical investigation of peptide OS-01 for skin rejuvenation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2135-2144. [PMID: 38400612 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Senescent cells contribute to age-related tissue deterioration, including the skin, which plays important roles in overall health and social interactions. This study aimed to assess the effects of the senotherapeutic peptide, OS-01 (a.k.a. Pep 14), on skin. METHODS A 12-week split-face, double-blinded, vehicle-controlled study involving 22 participants was conducted. The OS-01-containing formulation was applied to one side of the face, while the other side received an identical control formulation lacking the peptide. Skin characteristics were assessed using instrumental measurements, expert clinical grading, and subjective questionnaires. RESULTS Results showed that the OS-01 formulation significantly improved one aspect of skin barrier function, as evidenced by reduced trans-epidermal water loss compared to both baseline and vehicle control. Expert grading and Antera 3D image analysis revealed a reduction in wrinkle appearance and indentation in the periorbital area, and improved skin texture and radiance on both sides of the face, with the OS-01-containing formulation demonstrating superior results. Participants also perceived improvements in skin hydration, smoothness, radiance, and overall appearance. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the OS-01 formulation promotes skin health by strengthening the skin barrier, protecting against dehydration, reducing the appearance of wrinkles, and improving skin texture and radiance. These effects are likely attributed to the senotherapeutic properties of OS-01 in reducing cellular senescence and its associated detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Carvalho
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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5
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Wu Q, Xia Y, Guo MS, Au TY, Yuen GKW, Kong I, Wang Z, Lin Y, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Acetylcholinesterase is regulated by exposure of ultraviolet B in skin keratinocytes: A potential inducer of cholinergic urticaria. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23641. [PMID: 38690717 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400146r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cholinergic urticaria is a dermatological disease characterized by the presence of large patches of red skin and transient hives triggered by factors, such as exercise, sweating, and psychological tension. This skin problem is hypothesized to be attributed to a reduced expression of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing acetylcholine (ACh). Consequently, ACh is thought to the leak from sympathetic nerves to skin epidermis. The redundant ACh stimulates the mast cells to release histamine, triggering immune responses in skin. Here, the exposure of ultraviolet B in skin suppressed the expression of AChE in keratinocytes, both in in vivo and in vitro models. The decrease of the enzyme was resulted from a declined transcription of ACHE gene mediated by micro-RNAs, that is, miR-132 and miR-212. The levels of miR-132 and miR-212 were markedly induced by exposure to ultraviolet B, which subsequently suppressed the transcriptional rate of ACHE. In the presence of low level of AChE, the overflow ACh caused the pro-inflammatory responses in skin epidermis, including increased secretion of cytokines and COX-2. These findings suggest that ultraviolet B exposure is one of the factors contributing to cholinergic urticaria in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Wu
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggie Suisui Guo
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Yu Au
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary K W Yuen
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan Kong
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengqi Wang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingyi Lin
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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7
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Ko D, Mun S, Kim M, Nho YH, Lee DG, Kang S, Han K, Kim M. A Glance into the Destiny of Transcriptomic Activity, Embodied by the HOX Genes, in Neonatal and Aging Dermal Cells. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300325. [PMID: 38342585 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Skin is an organ having a crucial role in the protection of muscle, bone, and internal organs and undergoing continuous self-renewal and aged. The growing interest in the prevention of skin aging and rejuvenation has sparked a surge of industrial and research studies focusing on the biological and transcriptional changes that occur during skin development and aging. In this study, the aim is to identify transcriptional differences between two main types of human skin cells: the human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and the human epidermis keratinocytes (HEKs) isolated from 30 neonatal and 30 adults (old) skin. Through differentially expressed gene (DEG) profiling using DEseq2, 604 up-, and 769 down-regulated genes are identified in the old group. A functional analysis using Metascape Gene Ontology and Reactome pathways revealed systematic transcriptomic shifts in key skin formation and maintenance markers, alongside a distinct difference in HOX gene families crucial for embryonic development and diverse biological processes. Among the 39 human HOX gene family, ten posterior HOX genes (HOXA10, 11, 13, HOXB13, HOXC11, and HOXD9-13) are significantly downregulated, and anterior 25 genes (HOXA2-7, HOXB1-9, HOXC4-6 and 8-9, and HOXD1,3,4 and 8) are upregulated, especially in the old HDFs. The study successfully demonstrates the correlation between HOX genes and the skin aging process, providing strong evidence that HOX genes are proposed as a new marker for skin aging assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeong Ko
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Jukjeon, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Mun
- College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Medical Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 3116, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- COSMAX BTI R&I Center, 255 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwa Nho
- COSMAX BTI R&I Center, 255 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geol Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- COSMAX BTI R&I Center, 255 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kang
- COSMAX BTI R&I Center, 255 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Jukjeon, 16890, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Medical Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 3116, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- COSMAX BTI R&I Center, 255 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
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8
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Yan X, Bao X, Cheng S, Ba Q, Chang J, Zhou K, Yan X. Anti-aging and rejuvenating effects and mechanism of Dead Sea water in skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:307-317. [PMID: 38212954 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE External environmental stressors and internal factors have a significant impact on the skin, causing inflammation, aging, reduced immunity and other adverse responses. Dead Sea Water (DSW) is well known for its dermatological benefits and has been widely used in dermatological therapy and skin care for conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and photoaging. However, the anti-aging and rejuvenating effects of DSW and the related biological pathways involved, which have attracted increasing attention, are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-aging and rejuvenating effects of DSW and to explore the related potential biological mechanisms of DSW under different environmental conditions. METHODS The effects of DSW were investigated using in vitro human dermal cells and reconstructed skin models. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components and the morphological changes at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) in a 3D human skin model were evaluated after DSW treatment. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of human dermal fibroblast models after DSW treatment was performed to explore the potential mechanisms of action of DSW under normal and UV stress conditions. RESULTS The novel findings in this work present the biological functions of DSW, including procollagen-1 and elastin secretion, hemidesmosome increase and the epidermal basal cell regeneration. In addition, GO, KEGG and Reactome analyses reveal the activation of pathways related to ion transmembrane transporter activity, ECM component biosynthesis, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), DNA repair and autophagy, which are associated with the anti-aging activities of DSW. CONCLUSION Our work provides new perspectives for understanding the anti-aging and rejuvenating effects and mechanisms of DSW. The new findings also provide a theoretical basis for the further development of age-related strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yan
- Department of Fundamental Research, Fosun Cosmetics (Shanghai) Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijun Bao
- Department of Fundamental Research, Fosun Cosmetics (Shanghai) Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Ba
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhuang Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kanghui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufang Yan
- Department of Fundamental Research, Fosun Cosmetics (Shanghai) Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
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9
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Tewary G, Freyter B, Al-Razaq MA, Auerbach H, Laschke MW, Kübelbeck T, Kolb A, Mangelinck A, Mann C, Kramer D, Rübe CE. Immunomodulatory Effects of Histone Variant H2A.J in Ionizing Radiation Dermatitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:801-816. [PMID: 37758068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone variant H2A.J is associated with premature senescence after ionizing radiation (IR) and modulates senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Using constitutive H2A.J knock-out mice, the role of H2A.J was investigated in radiation dermatitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS H2A.J wild-type (WT) and knock-out (KO) mice were exposed to moderate or high IR doses (≤20 Gy, skinfold IR). Radiation-induced skin reactions were investigated up to 2 weeks post-IR at macroscopic and microscopic levels. H2A.J and other senescence markers, as well as DNA damage and proliferation markers, were studied by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. After high-dose IR, protein-coding transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA sequencing, immune cell infiltration by flow cytometry, and gene expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in (non-) irradiated WT versus KO skin. RESULTS In WT skin, epidermal keratinocytes showed time- and dose-dependent H2A.J accumulation after IR exposure. Unexpectedly, stronger inflammatory reactions with increased epidermal thickness and progressive hair follicle loss were observed in irradiated KO versus WT skin. Clearly more radiation-induced senescence was observed in keratinocyte populations of KO skin after moderate and high doses, with hair follicle stem cells being particularly badly damaged, leading to follicle atrophy. After high-dose IR, transcriptomic analysis revealed enhanced senescence-associated signatures in irradiated KO skin, with intensified release of SASP factors. Flow cytometric analysis indicated increased immune cell infiltration in both WT and KO skin; however, specific chemokine-mediated signaling in irradiated KO skin led to more neutrophil recruitment, thereby aggravating radiation toxicities. Increased skin damage in irradiated KO skin led to hyperproliferation, abnormal differentiation, and cornification of keratinocytes, accompanied by increased upregulation of transcription-factor JunB. CONCLUSIONS Lack of radiation-induced H2A.J expression in keratinocytes is associated with increased senescence induction, modulation of SASP expression, and exacerbated inflammatory skin reactions. Hence, epigenetic H2A.J-mediated gene expression in response to IR regulates keratinocyte immune functions and plays an essential role in balancing the inflammatory response during radiation dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Tewary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Benjamin Freyter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mutaz Abd Al-Razaq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hendrik Auerbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tanja Kübelbeck
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia Kolb
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adèle Mangelinck
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Carl Mann
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia E Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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10
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Dubey SK, Dubey R, Kleinman ME. Unraveling Histone Loss in Aging and Senescence. Cells 2024; 13:320. [PMID: 38391933 PMCID: PMC10886805 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population experiences a notable surge in aging demographics, the need to understand the intricate molecular pathways exacerbated by age-related stresses, including epigenetic dysregulation, becomes a priority. Epigenetic mechanisms play a critical role in driving age-related diseases through altered gene expression, genomic instability, and irregular chromatin remodeling. In this review, we focus on histones, a central component of the epigenome, and consolidate the key findings of histone loss and genome-wide redistribution as fundamental processes contributing to aging and senescence. The review provides insights into novel histone expression profiles, nucleosome occupancy, disruptions in higher-order chromatin architecture, and the emergence of noncanonical histone variants in the aging cellular landscape. Furthermore, we explore the current state of our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of histone deficiency in aging cells. Specific emphasis is placed on highlighting histone degradation pathways in the cell and studies that have explored potential strategies to mitigate histone loss or restore histone levels in aging cells. Finally, in addressing future perspectives, the insights gained from this review hold profound implications for advancing strategies that actively intervene in modulating histone expression profiles in the context of cellular aging and identifying potential therapeutic targets for alleviating a multitude of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Ellsworth Kleinman
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (S.K.D.); (R.D.)
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11
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Sarandy MM, Gonçalves RV, Valacchi G. Cutaneous Redox Senescence. Biomedicines 2024; 12:348. [PMID: 38397950 PMCID: PMC10886899 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of skin cell senescence involves the role of environmental stressors (UV, O3, cigarette smoke, particulate matter, etc.), lifestyle (diet, exercise, etc.) as well as genetic factors (metabolic changes, hormonal, etc.). The common mechanism of action of these stressors is the disturbance of cellular redox balance characterized by increased free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and when these overload the intrinsic antioxidant defense system, it can lead to an oxidative stress cellular condition. The main redox mechanisms that activate cellular senescence in the skin involve (1) the oxidative damage of telomeres causing their shortening; (2) the oxidation of proteomes and DNA damage; (3) an a in lysosomal mass through the increased activity of resident enzymes such as senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) as well as other proteins that are products of lysosomal activity; (4) and the increased expression of SASP, in particular pro-inflammatory cytokines transcriptionally regulated by NF-κB. However, the main targets of ROS on the skin are the proteome (oxi-proteome), followed by telomeres, nucleic acids (DNAs), lipids, proteins, and cytoplasmic organelles. As a result, cell cycle arrest pathways, lipid peroxidation, increased lysosomal content and dysfunctional mitochondria, and SASP synthesis occur. Furthermore, oxidative stress in skin cells increases the activity of p16INK4A and p53 as inhibitors of Rb and CDks, which are important for maintaining the cell cycle. p53 also promotes the inactivation of mTOR-mediated autophagic and apoptotic pathways, leading to senescence. However, these markers alone cannot establish the state of cellular senescence, and multiple analyses are encouraged for confirmation. An updated and more comprehensive approach to investigating skin senescence should include further assays of ox-inflammatory molecular pathways that can consolidate the understanding of cutaneous redox senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariáurea Matias Sarandy
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Environment and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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12
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Okuno R, Inoue Y, Hasebe Y, Igarashi T, Kawagishi-Hotta M, Yamada T, Hasegawa S. Genome-wide association studies in the Japanese population identified genetic loci and target gene associated with epidermal turnover. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1856-1863. [PMID: 37551986 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis is an essential organ for life by retaining water and as a protective barrier. The epidermis is maintained through metabolism, in which basal cells produced from epidermal stem cells differentiate into spinous cells, granular cells and corneocytes, and are finally shed from the epidermal surface. This is epidermal turnover, and with aging, there is a decline in epidermis function. Other factors that may affect epidermal turnover include ultraviolet damage and genetic factors. These genetic factors are of particular interest as little is known. Although recent skin-focused genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted, the genetic regions associated with epidermal turnover are almost uninvestigated. Therefore, we conducted a GWAS on epidermal turnover in the Japanese population, using the corneocyte area, which correlates to the rate of epidermal turnover, as an indicator. As a result, rs2278431 (p = 1.29 × 10-7 ) in 19q13.2 was associated with corneocyte size. Furthermore, eQTL analysis suggested that rs2278431 was related to the SPINT2 gene. In addition, SPINT2 knockdown studies using epidermal keratinocytes revealed that SPINT2 is involved in keratinocyte proliferation and in corneocyte size regulation in reconstructed epidermis. These results suggest that rs2278431 is involved in the expression of SPINT2 and affects epidermal turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Okuno
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yu Inoue
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hasebe
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshio Igarashi
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mika Kawagishi-Hotta
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yamada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
- Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Raja E, Clarin MTRDC, Yanagisawa H. Matricellular Proteins in the Homeostasis, Regeneration, and Aging of Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14274. [PMID: 37762584 PMCID: PMC10531864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are secreted extracellular proteins that bear no primary structural functions but play crucial roles in tissue remodeling during development, homeostasis, and aging. Despite their low expression after birth, matricellular proteins within skin compartments support the structural function of many extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagens. In this review, we summarize the function of matricellular proteins in skin stem cell niches that influence stem cells' fate and self-renewal ability. In the epidermal stem cell niche, fibulin 7 promotes epidermal stem cells' heterogeneity and fitness into old age, and the transforming growth factor-β-induced protein ig-h3 (TGFBI)-enhances epidermal stem cell growth and wound healing. In the hair follicle stem cell niche, matricellular proteins such as periostin, tenascin C, SPARC, fibulin 1, CCN2, and R-Spondin 2 and 3 modulate stem cell activity during the hair cycle and may stabilize arrector pili muscle attachment to the hair follicle during piloerections (goosebumps). In skin wound healing, matricellular proteins are upregulated, and their functions have been examined in various gain-and-loss-of-function studies. However, much remains unknown concerning whether these proteins modulate skin stem cell behavior, plasticity, or cell-cell communications during wound healing and aging, leaving a new avenue for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Raja
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan; (E.R.); (M.T.R.D.C.C.)
| | - Maria Thea Rane Dela Cruz Clarin
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan; (E.R.); (M.T.R.D.C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors (SIGMA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yanagisawa
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan; (E.R.); (M.T.R.D.C.C.)
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14
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Dańczak‐Pazdrowska A, Gornowicz‐Porowska J, Polańska A, Krajka‐Kuźniak V, Stawny M, Gostyńska A, Rubiś B, Nourredine S, Ashiqueali S, Schneider A, Tchkonia T, Wyles SP, Kirkland JL, Masternak MM. Cellular senescence in skin-related research: Targeted signaling pathways and naturally occurring therapeutic agents. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13845. [PMID: 37042069 PMCID: PMC10265178 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing interest by researchers into cellular senescence, a hallmark of cellular aging, its role in human skin remains equivocal. The skin is the largest and most accessible human organ, reacting to the external and internal environment. Hence, it is an organ of choice to investigate cellular senescence and to target root-cause aging processes using senolytic and senomorphic agents, including naturally occurring plant-based derivatives. This review presents different aspects of skin cellular senescence, from physiology to pathology and signaling pathways. Cellular senescence can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the skin, indicating that both prosenescent and antisenescent therapies may be desirable, based on the context. Knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in skin cellular senescence may provide meaningful insights for developing effective therapeutics for senescence-related skin disorders, such as wound healing and cosmetic skin aging changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justyna Gornowicz‐Porowska
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases ProphylaxisPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Adriana Polańska
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
| | | | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Sarah Nourredine
- Burnett School of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine, University of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Sarah Ashiqueali
- Burnett School of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine, University of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine, University of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryPoznan University of Medical SciencesPoznanPoland
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15
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Zonari A, Brace LE, Al-Katib K, Porto WF, Foyt D, Guiang M, Cruz EAO, Marshall B, Gentz M, Guimarães GR, Franco OL, Oliveira CR, Boroni M, Carvalho JL. Senotherapeutic peptide treatment reduces biological age and senescence burden in human skin models. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:10. [PMID: 37217561 PMCID: PMC10203313 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is known to play a role in age-related skin function deterioration which potentially influences longevity. Here, a two-step phenotypic screening was performed to identify senotherapeutic peptides, leading to the identification of Peptide (Pep) 14. Pep 14 effectively decreased human dermal fibroblast senescence burden induced by Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), chronological aging, ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB), and etoposide treatment, without inducing significant toxicity. Pep 14 functions via modulation of PP2A, an understudied holoenzyme that promotes genomic stability and is involved in DNA repair and senescence pathways. At the single-cell level, Pep 14 modulates genes that prevent senescence progression by arresting the cell cycle and enhancing DNA repair, which consequently reduce the number of cells progressing to late senescence. When applied on aged ex vivo skin, Pep 14 promoted a healthy skin phenotype with structural and molecular resemblance to young ex vivo skin, decreased the expression of senescence markers, including SASP, and reduced the DNA methylation age. In summary, this work shows the safe reduction of the biological age of ex vivo human skins by a senomorphic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - William F Porto
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, 70790-160, DF, Brazil
- Porto Reports, Brasília, 72236-011, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriela Rapozo Guimarães
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, 20231-050, RJ, Brazil
| | - Octavio L Franco
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, 70790-160, DF, Brazil
- Centre of Proteomic Analyses and Biochemistry, Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, 70790-160, DF, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Biotechnology Program, Catholic University Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, 79117-010, MS, Brazil
- Molecular Pathology Program, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, 70.910-900, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Boroni
- OneSkin, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, 20231-050, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Carvalho
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, 70790-160, DF, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, 70.910-900, DF, Brazil
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16
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Costello L, Goncalves K, De Los Santos Gomez P, Simpson A, Maltman V, Ritchie P, Tasseff R, Isfort R, Dicolandrea T, Wei X, Määttä A, Karakesisoglou I, Markiewicz E, Bascom CC, Przyborski S. Quantitative morphometric analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic skin ageing in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types II-III. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:620-631. [PMID: 36695185 PMCID: PMC10947487 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Skin ageing is an intricate physiological process affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. There is a demand to understand how the skin changes with age and photoexposure in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types I-III due to accelerated photoageing and the risk of cutaneous malignancies. To assess the structural impact of intrinsic and extrinsic ageing, we analysed 14 skin parameters from the photoprotected buttock and photoexposed dorsal forearm of young and ageing females with Fitzpatrick skin types II-III (n = 20) using histomorphic techniques. Whilst the minimum viable epidermis (Emin ) remained constant (Q > 0.05), the maximum viable epidermis (Emax ) was decreased by both age and photoexposure (Q ≤ 0.05), which suggests that differences in epidermal thickness are attributed to changes in the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). Changes in Emax were not affected by epidermal cell proliferation. For the first time, we investigated the basal keratinocyte morphology with age and photoexposure. Basal keratinocytes had an increased cell size, cellular height and a more columnar phenotype in photoexposed sites of young and ageing individuals (Q ≤ 0.05), however no significant differences were observed with age. Some of the most striking changes were observed in the DEJ, and a decrease in the interdigitation index was observed with both age and photoexposure (Q ≤ 0.001), accompanied by a decreased height of rête ridges and dermal papilla. Interestingly, young photoexposed skin was comparable to ageing skin across many parameters, and we hypothesise that this is due to accelerated photoageing. This study highlights the importance of skin care education and photoprotection from an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amy Simpson
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | | | | | - Ryan Tasseff
- Mason Business Centre, Procter and GambleOhioUSA
| | | | | | - Xingtao Wei
- Mason Business Centre, Procter and GambleOhioUSA
| | - Arto Määttä
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | | | - Ewa Markiewicz
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
- Hexis Lab LimitedNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Stefan Przyborski
- Department of BiosciencesDurham UniversityDurhamUK
- Reprocell EuropeGlasgowUK
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17
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la Torre A, Lo Vecchio F, Greco A. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081163. [PMID: 37190071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable outcome of life, characterized by a progressive decline in tissue and organ function. At a molecular level, it is marked by the gradual alterations of biomolecules. Indeed, important changes are observed on the DNA, as well as at a protein level, that are influenced by both genetic and environmental parameters. These molecular changes directly contribute to the development or progression of several human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders and others aging-related diseases. Additionally, they increase the risk of mortality. Therefore, deciphering the hallmarks of aging represents a possibility for identifying potential druggable targets to attenuate the aging process, and then the age-related comorbidities. Given the link between aging, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, and given the reversible nature of epigenetic mechanisms, the precisely understanding of these factors may provide a potential therapeutic approach for age-related decline and disease. In this review, we center on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and their aging-associated changes, highlighting their inferences in age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria la Torre
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Lo Vecchio
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
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18
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Abd Al-razaq MA, Freyter BM, Isermann A, Tewary G, Mangelinck A, Mann C, Rübe CE. Role of Histone Variant H2A.J in Fine-Tuning Chromatin Organization for the Establishment of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Senescence. Cells 2023; 12:916. [PMID: 36980257 PMCID: PMC10047397 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced senescence is characterized by profound changes in chromatin organization with the formation of Senescence-Associated-Heterochromatin-Foci (SAHF) and DNA-Segments-with-Chromatin-Alterations-Reinforcing-Senescence (DNA-SCARS). Importantly, senescent cells also secrete complex combinations of pro-inflammatory factors, referred as Senescence-Associated-Secretory-Phenotype (SASP). Here, we analyzed the epigenetic mechanism of histone variant H2A.J in establishing radiation-induced senescence. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Primary and genetically-modified lung fibroblasts with down- or up-regulated H2A.J expression were exposed to ionizing radiation and were analyzed for the formation of SAHF and DNA-SCARS by immunofluorescence microscopy. Dynamic changes in chromatin organization and accessibility, transcription factor recruitment, and transcriptome signatures were mapped by ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analysis. The secretion of SASP factors and potential bystander effects were analyzed by ELISA and RT-PCR. Lung tissue of mice exposed to different doses were analyzed by the digital image analysis of H2A.J-immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Differential incorporation of H2A.J has profound effects on higher-order chromatin organization and on establishing the epigenetic state of senescence. Integrative analyses of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq datasets indicate that H2A.J-associated changes in chromatin accessibility of regulatory regions decisively modulates transcription factor recruitment and inflammatory gene expression, resulting in an altered SASP secretome. In lung parenchyma, pneumocytes show dose-dependent H2A.J expression in response to radiation-induced DNA damage, therefore contributing to pro-inflammatory tissue reactions. CONCLUSIONS The fine-tuned incorporation of H2A.J defines the epigenetic landscape for driving the senescence programme in response to radiation-induced DNA damage. Deregulated H2A.J deposition affects chromatin remodeling, transcription factor recruitment, and the pro-inflammatory secretome. Our findings provide new mechanistic insights into DNA-damage triggered epigenetic mechanisms governing the biological processes of radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutaz A. Abd Al-razaq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Benjamin M. Freyter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anna Isermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Gargi Tewary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Adèle Mangelinck
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carl Mann
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claudia E. Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Ayala-Guerrero L, Claudio-Galeana S, Furlan-Magaril M, Castro-Obregón S. Chromatin Structure from Development to Ageing. Subcell Biochem 2023; 102:7-51. [PMID: 36600128 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear structure influences genome architecture, which contributes to determine patterns of gene expression. Global changes in chromatin dynamics are essential during development and differentiation, and are one of the hallmarks of ageing. This chapter describes the molecular dynamics of chromatin structure that occur during development and ageing. In the first part, we introduce general information about the nuclear lamina, the chromatin structure, and the 3D organization of the genome. Next, we detail the molecular hallmarks found during development and ageing, including the role of DNA and histone modifications, 3D genome dynamics, and changes in the nuclear lamina. Within the chapter we discuss the implications that genome structure has on the mechanisms that drive development and ageing, and the physiological consequences when these mechanisms fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei Ayala-Guerrero
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sherlyn Claudio-Galeana
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra Furlan-Magaril
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Susana Castro-Obregón
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico.
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20
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Liang Y, Su W, Wang F. Skin Ageing: A Progressive, Multi-Factorial Condition Demanding an Integrated, Multilayer-Targeted Remedy. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1215-1229. [PMID: 37192990 PMCID: PMC10182820 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s408765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Of the human organs, skin is the most visible one that displays the manifestations of ageing. It has a very intricate microanatomical structure and performs several key physiological functions. The pathophysiology of cutaneous ageing is characterized by deterioration of structural stability and functional integrity, implying a continuous reduction in maximal function and reserve capacity, as a result of the accumulating damage due to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Elimination of unfavorable expressions associated with facial and cutaneous ageing is the key patient demand in aesthetic dermatology. Even though the progress has been made in nonsurgical therapies like fillers and lasers, non-invasive interventions by using skin care products designed for rejuvenation at an early stage are the most popular and accessible solution among people. In this review, we have scrutinized the ageing-associated cutaneous changes at molecular, cellular and tissue levels. To optimize the ageing process towards a healthy skin, we propose an integrated, multilayer-targeted intervention, which involves both topical application of anti-ageing formulations from outside and oral supplementation from inside. Additionally, several promising naturally derived ingredients are reviewed from an anti-aging perspective. Most of them possess various bioactivities and may contribute to the development of the mentioned anti-ageing remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuai Liang
- Research and Development Center, Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenrou Su
- Research and Development Center, Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Research and Development Center, Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co. Ltd, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Medaesthee (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Feifei Wang, Research and Development Center, Yunnan Botanee Bio-Technology Group Co. Ltd, No. 999 Huaxu Road, Shanghai, 201702, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 39880807, Email
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Jay Sarkar T, Hermsmeier M, L. Ross J, Scott Herron G. Genetic and Epigenetic Influences on Cutaneous Cellular Senescence. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest human organ system, and its protective function is critical to survival. The epithelial, dermal, and subcutaneous compartments are heterogeneous mixtures of cell types, yet they all display age-related skin dysfunction through the accumulation of an altered phenotypic cellular state called senescence. Cellular senescence is triggered by complex and dynamic genetic and epigenetic processes. A senescence steady state is achieved in different cell types under various and overlapping conditions of chronological age, toxic injury, oxidative stress, replicative exhaustion, DNA damage, metabolic dysfunction, and chromosomal structural changes. These inputs lead to outputs of cell-cycle withdrawal and the appearance of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, both of which accumulate as tissue pathology observed clinically in aged skin. This review details the influence of genetic and epigenetic factors that converge on normal cutaneous cellular processes to create the senescent state, thereby dictating the response of the skin to the forces of both intrinsic and extrinsic aging. From this work, it is clear that no single biomarker or process leads to senescence, but that it is a convergence of factors resulting in an overt aging phenotype.
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22
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Hippchen Y, Tewary G, Jung D, Schmal Z, Meessen S, Palm J, Rübe CE. Cultured Human Foreskin as a Model System for Evaluating Ionizing Radiation-Induced Skin Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179830. [PMID: 36077226 PMCID: PMC9456202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Precise molecular and cellular mechanisms of radiation-induced dermatitis are incompletely understood. Histone variant H2A.J is associated with cellular senescence and modulates senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) after DNA-damaging insults, such as ionizing radiation (IR). Using ex vivo irradiated cultured foreskin, H2A.J was analyzed as a biomarker of radiation-induced senescence, potentially initiating the inflammatory cascade of radiation-induced skin injury. Methods: Human foreskin explants were collected from young donors, irradiated ex vivo with 10 Gy, and cultured in air-liquid interphase for up to 72 h. At different time-points after ex vivo IR exposure, the foreskin epidermis was analyzed for proliferation and senescence markers by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining of sectioned tissue. Secretion of cytokines was measured in supernatants by ELISA. Using our mouse model with fractionated in vivo irradiation, H2A.J expression was analyzed in epidermal stem/progenitor cell populations localized in different regions of murine hair follicles (HF). Results: Non-vascularized foreskin explants preserved their tissue homeostasis up to 72 h (even after IR exposure), but already non-irradiated foreskin epithelium expressed high levels of H2A.J in all epidermal layers and secreted high amounts of cytokines. Unexpectedly, no further increase in H2A.J expression and no obvious upregulation of cytokine secretion was observed in the foreskin epidermis after ex vivo IR. Undifferentiated keratinocytes in murine HF regions, by contrast, revealed low H2A.J expression in non-irradiated skin and significant radiation-induced H2A.J upregulations at different time-points after IR exposure. Based on its staining characteristics, we presume that H2A.J may have previously underestimated the importance of the epigenetic regulation of keratinocyte maturation. Conclusions: Cultured foreskin characterized by highly keratinized epithelium and specific immunological features is not an appropriate model for studying H2A.J-associated tissue reactions during radiation-induced dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanick Hippchen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gargi Tewary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Zoé Schmal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Meessen
- Department of Urology, Klinikum Saarbrücken, 66119 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan Palm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Claudia E. Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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23
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Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A New Method for Reversing Skin Aging. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:961-968. [PMID: 35809187 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is an inevitable natural life process that involves structural and functional degeneration of tissues and organs. Recently, the process of skin aging has attracted much attention. Determining a means to delay or even reverse skin aging has become a research hotspot in medical cosmetology and anti-aging. Dysfunction in the epidermis and fibroblasts and changes in the composition and content of the extracellular matrix are common pathophysiological manifestations of skin aging. Reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinases play essential roles in this process. Stem cells are pluripotent cells that possess self-replication abilities and can differentiate into multiple functional cells under certain conditions. These cells also possess a strong ability to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Stem cell transplantation has the potential for application in anti-aging therapy. Increasing studies have demonstrated that stem cells perform functions through paracrine processes, particularly those involving exosomes. Exosomes are nano-vesicular substances secreted by stem cells that participate in cell-to-cell communication by transporting their contents into target cells. In this chapter, the biological characteristics of exosomes were reviewed, including their effects on extracellular matrix formation, epidermal cell function, fibroblast function and antioxidation. Exosomes derived from stem cells may provide a new means to reverse skin aging.
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24
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Tan SYX, Zhang J, Tee WW. Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Signaling and Inflammation-Induced Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931493. [PMID: 35757000 PMCID: PMC9213816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics comprise a diverse array of reversible and dynamic modifications to the cell’s genome without implicating any DNA sequence alterations. Both the external environment surrounding the organism, as well as the internal microenvironment of cells and tissues, contribute to these epigenetic processes that play critical roles in cell fate specification and organismal development. On the other hand, dysregulation of epigenetic activities can initiate and sustain carcinogenesis, which is often augmented by inflammation. Chronic inflammation, one of the major hallmarks of cancer, stems from proinflammatory cytokines that are secreted by tumor and tumor-associated cells in the tumor microenvironment. At the same time, inflammatory signaling can establish positive and negative feedback circuits with chromatin to modulate changes in the global epigenetic landscape. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion of the interconnected crosstalk between epigenetics and inflammation, specifically how epigenetic mechanisms at different hierarchical levels of the genome control inflammatory gene transcription, which in turn enact changes within the cell’s epigenomic profile, especially in the context of inflammation-induced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Ying Xuan Tan
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jieqiong Zhang
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee-Wei Tee
- Chromatin Dynamics and Disease Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Seyran M. Artificial intelligence and clinical data suggest the T cell-mediated SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein intranasal vaccines for global COVID-19 immunity. Vaccine 2022; 40:4296-4300. [PMID: 35778279 PMCID: PMC9226295 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Advanced computational methodologies suggested SARS-CoV-2, nonstructural proteins ORF1AB, ORF3a, as the source of immunodominant peptides for T cell presentation. T cell immunity is long-lasting and compatible with COVID-19 pathology. Based on the supporting clinical data, nonstructural SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccines could provide global immunity against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Seyran
- The University of Vienna, Doctoral Studies in Natural and Technical Sciences (SPL 44), Währinger Straße, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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26
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Kawagishi-Hotta M, Hasegawa S, Hasebe Y, Inoue Y, Okuno R, Arima M, Iwata Y, Sugiura K, Akamatsu H. Increase in Inhibin beta A/Activin-A expression in the human epidermis and the suppression of epidermal stem/progenitor cell proliferation with aging. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 106:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Wikramanayake TC, Chéret J, Sevilla A, Birch-Machin M, Paus R. Targeting mitochondria in dermatological therapy: Beyond oxidative damage and skin aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:233-259. [PMID: 35249436 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2049756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of the role of the mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is a significant aspect of dermatological research. Mitochondria generate most reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, excessive ROS are cytotoxic and DNA-damaging and promote (photo-)aging. ROS also possesses key physiological and regulatory functions and mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in several skin diseases including skin cancers. Although many standard dermatotherapeutics modulate mitochondrial function, dermatological therapy rarely targets the mitochondria. Accordingly, there is a rationale for "mitochondrial dermatology"-based approaches to be applied to therapeutic research. AREAS COVERED This paper examines the functions of mitochondria in cutaneous physiology beyond energy (ATP) and ROS production. Keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier maintenance, appendage morphogenesis and homeostasis, photoaging and skin cancer are considered. Based on related PubMed search results, the paper evaluates thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, Vitamin D3 derivatives, retinoids, cannabinoid receptor agonists, PPARγ agonists, thyrotropin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone as instructive lead compounds. Moreover, the mitochondrial protein MPZL3 as a promising new drug target for future "mitochondrial dermatology" is highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Future dermatological therapeutic research should have a mitochondrial medicine emphasis. Focusing on selected lead agents, protein targets, in silico drug design, and model diseases will fertilize a mito-centric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and The UK National Innovation Centre for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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28
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Freyter BM, Abd Al-razaq MA, Isermann A, Dietz A, Azimzadeh O, Hekking L, Gomolka M, Rübe CE. Nuclear Fragility in Radiation-Induced Senescence: Blebs and Tubes Visualized by 3D Electron Microscopy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020273. [PMID: 35053389 PMCID: PMC8774169 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreparable DNA damage following ionizing radiation (IR) triggers prolonged DNA damage response and induces premature senescence. Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell-cycle arrest characterized by chromatin restructuring, altered nuclear morphology and acquisition of secretory phenotype, which contributes to senescence-related inflammation. However, the mechanistic connections for radiation-induced DNA damage that trigger these senescence-associated hallmarks are poorly understood. In our in vitro model of radiation-induced senescence, mass spectrometry-based proteomics was combined with high-resolution imaging techniques to investigate the interrelations between altered chromatin compaction, nuclear envelope destabilization and nucleo-cytoplasmic chromatin blebbing. Our findings confirm the general pathophysiology of the senescence-response, with disruption of nuclear lamin organization leading to extensive chromatin restructuring and destabilization of the nuclear membrane with release of chromatin fragments into the cytosol, thereby activating cGAS-STING-dependent interferon signaling. By serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) whole-cell datasets were acquired to investigate the morphological organization of senescent fibroblasts. High-resolution 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the complex nuclear shape allows us to precisely visualize the segregation of nuclear blebs from the main nucleus and their fusion with lysosomes. By multi-view 3D electron microscopy, we identified nanotubular channels formed in lamin-perturbed nuclei of senescent fibroblasts; the potential role of these nucleo-cytoplasmic nanotubes for expulsion of damaged chromatin has to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Freyter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse Building 6.5, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.F.); (M.A.A.A.-r.); (A.I.)
| | - Mutaz A. Abd Al-razaq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse Building 6.5, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.F.); (M.A.A.A.-r.); (A.I.)
| | - Anna Isermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse Building 6.5, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.F.); (M.A.A.A.-r.); (A.I.)
| | - Anne Dietz
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising & Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (A.D.); (O.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising & Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (A.D.); (O.A.); (M.G.)
| | | | - Maria Gomolka
- Department of Effects and Risks of Ionising & Non-Ionising Radiation, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; (A.D.); (O.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Claudia E. Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse Building 6.5, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.F.); (M.A.A.A.-r.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6841-1634614; Fax: +49-6841-1624699
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Cortesi M, Zanoni M, Pirini F, Tumedei MM, Ravaioli S, Rapposelli IG, Frassineti GL, Bravaccini S. Pancreatic Cancer and Cellular Senescence: Tumor Microenvironment under the Spotlight. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010254. [PMID: 35008679 PMCID: PMC8745092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the most dismal prognoses of all cancers due to its late manifestation and resistance to current therapies. Accumulating evidence has suggested that the malignant behavior of this cancer is mainly influenced by the associated strongly immunosuppressive, desmoplastic microenvironment and by the relatively low mutational burden. PDAC develops and progresses through a multi-step process. Early in tumorigenesis, cancer cells must evade the effects of cellular senescence, which slows proliferation and promotes the immune-mediated elimination of pre-malignant cells. The role of senescence as a tumor suppressor has been well-established; however, recent evidence has revealed novel pro-tumorigenic paracrine functions of senescent cells towards their microenvironment. Understanding the interactions between tumors and their microenvironment is a growing research field, with evidence having been provided that non-tumoral cells composing the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence tumor proliferation, metabolism, cell death, and therapeutic resistance. Simultaneously, cancer cells shape a tumor-supportive and immunosuppressive environment, influencing both non-tumoral neighboring and distant cells. The overall intention of this review is to provide an overview of the interplay that occurs between senescent and non-senescent cell types and to describe how such interplay may have an impact on PDAC progression. Specifically, the effects and the molecular changes occurring in non-cancerous cells during senescence, and how these may contribute to a tumor-permissive microenvironment, will be discussed. Finally, senescence targeting strategies will be briefly introduced, highlighting their potential in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Cortesi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Michele Zanoni
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesca Pirini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Tumedei
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Ravaioli
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (I.G.R.); (G.L.F.)
| | - Giovanni Luca Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (I.G.R.); (G.L.F.)
| | - Sara Bravaccini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (F.P.); (M.M.T.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
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Csekes E, Račková L. Skin Aging, Cellular Senescence and Natural Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12641. [PMID: 34884444 PMCID: PMC8657738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, being the barrier organ of the body, is constitutively exposed to various stimuli impacting its morphology and function. Senescent cells have been found to accumulate with age and may contribute to age-related skin changes and pathologies. Natural polyphenols exert many health benefits, including ameliorative effects on skin aging. By affecting molecular pathways of senescence, polyphenols are able to prevent or delay the senescence formation and, consequently, avoid or ameliorate aging and age-associated pathologies of the skin. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in skin aging and cellular senescence, and to summarize the recent in vitro studies related to the anti-senescent mechanisms of natural polyphenols carried out on keratinocytes, melanocytes and fibroblasts. Aged skin in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Csekes
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Račková
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Low E, Alimohammadiha G, Smith LA, Costello LF, Przyborski SA, von Zglinicki T, Miwa S. How good is the evidence that cellular senescence causes skin ageing? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101456. [PMID: 34487917 PMCID: PMC8524668 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the body with important protective functions, which become compromised with time due to both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing processes. Cellular senescence is the primary ageing process at cell level, associated with loss of proliferative capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction and significantly altered patterns of expression and secretion of bioactive molecules. Intervention experiments have proven cell senescence as a relevant cause of ageing in many organs. In case of skin, accumulation of senescence in all major compartments with ageing is well documented and might be responsible for most, if not all, the molecular changes observed during ageing. Incorporation of senescent cells into in-vitro skin models (specifically 3D full thickness models) recapitulates changes typically associated with skin ageing. However, crucial evidence is still missing. A beneficial effect of senescent cell ablation on skin ageing has so far only been shown following rather unspecific interventions or in transgenic mouse models. We conclude that evidence for cellular senescence as a relevant cause of intrinsic skin ageing is highly suggestive but not yet completely conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evon Low
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Ghazaleh Alimohammadiha
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Lucy A Smith
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Lydia F Costello
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Stefan A Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Satomi Miwa
- Ageing Biology Laboratories, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
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Pils V, Ring N, Valdivieso K, Lämmermann I, Gruber F, Schosserer M, Grillari J, Ogrodnik M. Promises and challenges of senolytics in skin regeneration, pathology and ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111588. [PMID: 34678388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The research of the last two decades has defined a crucial role of cellular senescence in both the physiology and pathology of skin, and senescent cells have been detected in conditions including development, regeneration, aging, and disease. The pathophysiology of cellular senescence in skin is complex as the phenotype of senescence pertains to several different cell types including fibroblasts, keratinocytes and melanocytes, among others. Paradoxically, the transient presence of senescent cells is believed to be beneficial in the context of development and wound healing, while the chronic presence of senescent cells is detrimental in the context of aging, diseases, and chronic wounds, which afflict predominantly the elderly. Identifying strategies to prevent senescence induction or reduce senescent burden in the skin could broadly benefit the aging population. Senolytics, drugs known to specifically eliminate senescent cells while preserving non-senescent cells, are being intensively studied for use in the clinical setting. Here, we review recent research on skin senescence, on the methods for the detection of senescent cells and describe promises and challenges related to the application of senolytic drugs. This article is part of the Special Issue - Senolytics - Edited by Joao Passos and Diana Jurk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Pils
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Ring
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karla Valdivieso
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Lämmermann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gruber
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Vienna, Austria; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannnes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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Histone Variant H2A.J Is Enriched in Luminal Epithelial Gland Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111665. [PMID: 34828271 PMCID: PMC8619693 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
H2A.J is a poorly studied mammalian-specific variant of histone H2A. We used immunohistochemistry to study its localization in various human and mouse tissues. H2A.J showed cell-type specific expression with a striking enrichment in luminal epithelial cells of multiple glands including those of breast, prostate, pancreas, thyroid, stomach, and salivary glands. H2A.J was also highly expressed in many carcinoma cell lines and in particular, those derived from luminal breast and prostate cancer. H2A.J thus appears to be a novel marker for luminal epithelial cancers. Knocking-out the H2AFJ gene in T47D luminal breast cancer cells reduced the expression of several estrogen-responsive genes which may explain its putative tumorigenic role in luminal-B breast cancer.
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DNA methylation and histone variants in aging and cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 364:1-110. [PMID: 34507780 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related diseases such as cancer can be traced to the accumulation of molecular disorder including increased DNA mutations and epigenetic drift. We provide a comprehensive review of recent results in mice and humans on modifications of DNA methylation and histone variants during aging and in cancer. Accumulated errors in DNA methylation maintenance lead to global decreases in DNA methylation with relaxed repression of repeated DNA and focal hypermethylation blocking the expression of tumor suppressor genes. Epigenetic clocks based on quantifying levels of DNA methylation at specific genomic sites is proving to be a valuable metric for estimating the biological age of individuals. Histone variants have specialized functions in transcriptional regulation and genome stability. Their concentration tends to increase in aged post-mitotic chromatin, but their effects in cancer are mainly determined by their specialized functions. Our increased understanding of epigenetic regulation and their modifications during aging has motivated interventions to delay or reverse epigenetic modifications using the epigenetic clocks as a rapid readout for efficacity. Similarly, the knowledge of epigenetic modifications in cancer is suggesting new approaches to target these modifications for cancer therapy.
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Hsu CJ, Meers O, Buschbeck M, Heidel FH. The Role of MacroH2A Histone Variants in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123003. [PMID: 34203934 PMCID: PMC8232725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The structural unit of chromatin is the nucleosome that is composed of DNA wrapped around a core of eight histone proteins. Histone variants can replace ‘standard’ histones at specific sites of the genome. Thus, histone variants modulate all functions in the context of chromatin, such as gene expression. Here, we provide a concise review on a group of histone variants termed macroH2A. They contain two additional domains that contribute to their increased size. We discuss how these domains mediate molecular functions in normal cells and the role of macroH2As in gene expression and cancer. Abstract The epigenome regulates gene expression and provides a molecular memory of cellular events. A growing body of evidence has highlighted the importance of epigenetic regulation in physiological tissue homeostasis and malignant transformation. Among epigenetic mechanisms, the replacement of replication-coupled histones with histone variants is the least understood. Due to differences in protein sequence and genomic distribution, histone variants contribute to the plasticity of the epigenome. Here, we focus on the family of macroH2A histone variants that are particular in having a tripartite structure consisting of a histone fold, an intrinsically disordered linker and a globular macrodomain. We discuss how these domains mediate different molecular functions related to chromatin architecture, transcription and DNA repair. Dysregulated expression of macroH2A histone variants has been observed in different subtypes of cancer and has variable prognostic impact, depending on cellular context and molecular background. We aim to provide a concise review regarding the context- and isoform-dependent contributions of macroH2A histone variants to cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jen Hsu
- Internal Medicine C, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Oliver Meers
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Cancer and Leukaemia Epigenetics and Biology Program, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.H.H.); Tel.: +34-935-572-800 (M.B.); +49-383-486-6698 (F.H.H.); Fax: +49-383-486-6713 (F.H.H.)
| | - Florian H. Heidel
- Internal Medicine C, Greifswald University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (F.H.H.); Tel.: +34-935-572-800 (M.B.); +49-383-486-6698 (F.H.H.); Fax: +49-383-486-6713 (F.H.H.)
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