1
|
Dong Y, Qi Y, Chen J, Han S, Su W, Ma X, Yu Y, Wang Y. Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis NJ241 in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Gut Microbiota and PGC-1α. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7534-7548. [PMID: 38409641 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and probiotics have emerged as potential modulators of central nervous system function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis NJ241 (NJ241) in a mouse model of PD induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The impact of NJ241 was comprehensively assessed in PD mice through behavioral tests, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 16S rRNA sequencing, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) detection. NJ241 exhibited notable efficacy in mitigating MPTP-induced weight loss, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and behavioral deficits in mice. Furthermore, it demonstrated protected against MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron death and inhibited the activation of glial cells in the substantia nigra (SN). NJ241 demonstrated the ability to normalized dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota and elevate SCFA levels in PD mice. Additionally, NJ241 reversed MPTP-induced reductions in colonic GLP-1 levels and the expression of GLP-1R and PGC-1α in the SN. Notably, GLP-1R antagonists partially reversed the inhibitory effects of NJ241 on the activation of glial cells in the SN. In summary, NJ241 exerts a neuroprotective effect against MPTP-induced neuroinflammation by enhancing intestinal GLP-1 levels and activating nigral PGC-1α signaling. These findings provide a rationale for the exploration and development of probiotic-based therapeutic strategies for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Dong
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yueyan Qi
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jinhu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Siyuan Han
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Wenjing Su
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Thankcome Biotechnology (Su Zhou) Co., Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Thankcome Biotechnology (Su Zhou) Co., Suzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saadh MJ, Mustafa AN, Mustafa MA, S RJ, Dabis HK, Prasad GVS, Mohammad IJ, Adnan A, Idan AH. The role of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in Parkinson's disease. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3. [PMID: 39266892 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The emerging function of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been investigated in this article. SCFAs, which are generated via the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota, have been associated with dysfunction of the gut-brain axis and, neuroinflammation. These processes are integral to the development of PD. This article examines the potential therapeutic implications of SCFAs in the management of PD, encompassing their capacity to modulate gastrointestinal permeability, neuroinflammation, and neuronal survival, by conducting an extensive literature review. As a whole, this article emphasizes the potential therapeutic utility of SCFAs as targets for the management and treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
| | | | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- School of Pharmacy-Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - G V Siva Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra, Pradesh-531162, India
| | - Imad Jassim Mohammad
- College of Health and Medical Technology, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Adnan
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cho H, Park Y. Synergistic Antidepressant-like Effects of Biotics and n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Dopaminergic Pathway through the Brain-Gut Axis in Rats Exposed to Chronic Mild Stress. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10332-1. [PMID: 39243350 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics, postbiotics, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have antidepressant-like effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of the dopaminergic pathway are unclear. The present study investigated the hypothesis that probiotics and postbiotics combined with n-3 PUFA synergistically improve depression by modulating the dopaminergic pathway through the brain-gut axis. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups: non-chronic mild stress (CMS) with n-6 PUFA, and CMS with n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA, probiotics, postbiotics, probiotics combined with n-3 PUFA, and postbiotics combined with n-3 PUFA. Probiotics, postbiotics, and n-3 PUFA improved depressive behaviors, decreased blood concentrations of interferon-γ, and interleukin-1β, and increased the brain and gut concentrations of short chain fatty acids and dopamine. Moreover, probiotics, postbiotics, and n-3 PUFA increased the brain and gut expression of glucocorticoid receptor and tyrosine hydroxylase; brain expression of l-type amino acid transporter 1 and dopamine receptor (DR) D1; and gut expression of DRD2. The expression of phosphorylated protein kinase A/protein kinase A and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein/cAMP response element-binding protein increased in the brain, however, decreased in the gut by the supplementation of probiotics, postbiotics, and n-3 PUFA. There was synergistic effect of probiotics and postbiotics combined with n-3 PUFA on the depressive behaviors and dopaminergic pathway in blood, brain, and gut. Moreover, no significant difference in the dopaminergic pathways between the probiotics and postbiotics was observed. In conclusion, probiotics and postbiotics, combined with n-3 PUFA have synergistic antidepressant-like effects on the dopaminergic pathway through the brain-gut axis in rats exposed to CMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koutsokostas C, Merkouris E, Goulas A, Aidinopoulou K, Sini N, Dimaras T, Tsiptsios D, Mueller C, Nystazaki M, Tsamakis K. Gut Microbes Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1735. [PMID: 39203576 PMCID: PMC11357424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders are influenced by alterations in the gut microbiome. Various diseases have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis, yet there are inconclusive data regarding which microorganisms are associated with each disorder. The aim of our study is to systematically review the recent literature of the past decade to clarify whether the gut microbiome contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Most included studies showed a strong correlation between the relative abundance of certain microorganisms, mainly species of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is speculated that the microorganisms and their byproducts have a significant role in brain protein accumulation, neuro-inflammation, and gut permeability. The estimation of microbial populations could potentially improve clinical outcomes and hinder the progression of the disease. However, further research is needed to include more diseases and larger patient samples and identify specific species and subspecies associated with these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koutsokostas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Ermis Merkouris
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Apostolos Goulas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Konstantina Aidinopoulou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Niki Sini
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Theofanis Dimaras
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | | | - Christoph Mueller
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Maria Nystazaki
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, University General Hospital ‘Attikon’, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghosh N, Sinha K, Sil PC. Pesticides and the Gut Microbiota: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1071-1085. [PMID: 38958636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects more people worldwide than just aging alone can explain. This is likely due to environmental influences, genetic makeup, and changes in daily habits. The disease develops in a complex way, with movement problems caused by Lewy bodies and the loss of dopamine-producing neurons. Some research suggests Lewy bodies might start in the gut, hinting at a connection between these structures and gut health in PD patients. These patients often have different gut bacteria and metabolites. Pesticides are known to increase the risk of PD, with evidence showing they harm more than just dopamine neurons. Long-term exposure to pesticides in food might affect the gut barrier, gut bacteria, and the blood-brain barrier, but the exact link is still unknown. This review looks at how pesticides and gut bacteria separately influence PD development and progression, highlighting the harmful effects of pesticides and changes in gut bacteria. We have examined the interaction between pesticides and gut bacteria in PD patients, summarizing how pesticides cause imbalances in gut bacteria, the resulting changes, and their overall effects on the PD prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Ghosh
- Assistant Professor in Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata 700013, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Assistant Professor in Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507 India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Professor, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benvenuti L, Di Salvo C, Bellini G, Seguella L, Rettura F, Esposito G, Antonioli L, Ceravolo R, Bernardini N, Pellegrini C, Fornai M. Gut-directed therapy in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407925. [PMID: 38974034 PMCID: PMC11224490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and slow-progressing neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctions. Over the last years, the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is emerging as a bacterial-neuro-immune ascending pathway that contributes to the progression of PD. Indeed, PD patients are characterized by changes in gut microbiota composition, alterations of intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) and enteric neurogenic/inflammatory responses that, besides determining intestinal disturbances, contribute to brain pathology. In this context, despite the causal relationship between gut dysbiosis, impaired MGB axis and PD remains to be elucidated, emerging evidence shows that MGB axis modulation can represent a suitable therapeutical strategy for the treatment of PD. This review provides an overview of the available knowledge about the beneficial effects of gut-directed therapies, including dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), in both PD patients and animal models. In this context, particular attention has been devoted to the mechanisms by which the modulation of MGB axis could halt or slow down PD pathology and, most importantly, how these approaches can be included in the clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Benvenuti
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Salvo
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bellini
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Seguella
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Rettura
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Antonioli
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunzia Bernardini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Pellegrini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Menozzi E, Schapira AHV. The Gut Microbiota in Parkinson Disease: Interactions with Drugs and Potential for Therapeutic Applications. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:315-331. [PMID: 38570412 PMCID: PMC11026199 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The concept of a 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' has recently emerged as an important player in the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease (PD), not least because of the reciprocal interaction between gut bacteria and medications. The gut microbiota can influence levodopa kinetics, and conversely, drugs administered for PD can influence gut microbiota composition. Through a two-step enzymatic pathway, gut microbes can decarboxylate levodopa to dopamine in the small intestine and then dehydroxylate it to m-tyramine, thus reducing availability. Inhibition of bacterial decarboxylation pathways could therefore represent a strategy to increase levodopa absorption. Other bacterial perturbations common in PD, such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and Helicobacter pylori infection, can also modulate levodopa metabolism, and eradication therapies may improve levodopa absorption. Interventions targeting the gut microbiota offer a novel opportunity to manage disabling motor complications and dopa-unresponsive symptoms. Mediterranean diet-induced changes in gut microbiota composition might improve a range of non-motor symptoms. Prebiotics can increase levels of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and decrease pro-inflammatory species, with positive effects on clinical symptoms and levodopa kinetics. Different formulations of probiotics showed beneficial outcomes on constipation, with some of them improving dopamine levels; however, the most effective dosage and duration and long-term effects of these treatments remain unknown. Data from faecal microbiota transplantation studies are preliminary, but show encouraging trends towards improvement in both motor and non-motor outcomes.This article summarises the most up-to-date knowledge in pharmacomicrobiomics in PD, and discusses how the manipulation of gut microbiota represents a potential new therapeutic avenue for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Menozzi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, NW3 2PF, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vilela C, Araújo B, Soares-Guedes C, Caridade-Silva R, Martins-Macedo J, Teixeira C, Gomes ED, Prudêncio C, Vieira M, Teixeira FG. From the Gut to the Brain: Is Microbiota a New Paradigm in Parkinson's Disease Treatment? Cells 2024; 13:770. [PMID: 38727306 PMCID: PMC11083070 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is recognized as the second most prevalent primary chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Clinically, PD is characterized as a movement disorder, exhibiting an incidence and mortality rate that is increasing faster than any other neurological condition. In recent years, there has been a growing interest concerning the role of the gut microbiota in the etiology and pathophysiology of PD. The establishment of a brain-gut microbiota axis is now real, with evidence denoting a bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut microbiota through metabolic, immune, neuronal, and endocrine mechanisms and pathways. Among these, the vagus nerve represents the most direct form of communication between the brain and the gut. Given the potential interactions between bacteria and drugs, it has been observed that the therapies for PD can have an impact on the composition of the microbiota. Therefore, in the scope of the present review, we will discuss the current understanding of gut microbiota on PD and whether this may be a new paradigm for treating this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Vilela
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Carla Soares-Guedes
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Rita Caridade-Silva
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Joana Martins-Macedo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Eduardo D. Gomes
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Mónica Vieira
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Fábio G. Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dautan D, Paslawski W, Montejo SG, Doyon DC, Marangiu R, Kaplitt MG, Chen R, Dawson VL, Zhang X, Dawson TM, Svenningsson P. Gut-Initiated Alpha Synuclein Fibrils Drive Parkinson's Disease Phenotypes: Temporal Mapping of non-Motor Symptoms and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.22.590542. [PMID: 38712208 PMCID: PMC11071367 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.590542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive motor as well as less recognized non-motor symptoms that arise often years before motor manifestation, including sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Despite the heavy burden on the patient's quality of life, these non-motor manifestations are poorly understood. To elucidate the temporal dynamics of the disease, we employed a mouse model involving injection of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) pre-formed fibrils (PFF) in the duodenum and antrum as a gut-brain model of Parkinsonism. Using anatomical mapping of αSyn-PFF propagation and behavioral and physiological characterizations, we unveil a correlation between post-injection time the temporal dynamics of αSyn propagation and non-motor/motor manifestations of the disease. We highlight the concurrent presence of αSyn aggregates in key brain regions, expressing acetylcholine or dopamine, involved in sleep duration, wakefulness, and particularly REM-associated atonia corresponding to REM behavioral disorder-like symptoms. This study presents a novel and in-depth exploration into the multifaceted nature of PD, unraveling the complex connections between α-synucleinopathies, gut-brain connectivity, and the emergence of non-motor phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dautan
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Wojciech Paslawski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Sergio G. Montejo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel C. Doyon
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberta Marangiu
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, New-York Hospital-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael G. Kaplitt
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, New-York Hospital-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaoaun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Elford JD, Becht N, Garssen J, Kraneveld AD, Perez-Pardo P. Buty and the beast: the complex role of butyrate in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388401. [PMID: 38694925 PMCID: PMC11061429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease which is often associated with gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. The GI tract is home to a wide range of microorganisms, among which bacteria, that can influence the host through various mechanisms. Products produced by these bacteria can act in the gut but can also exert effects in the brain via what is now well established to be the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In those with PD the gut-bacteria composition is often found to be different to that of non-PD individuals. In addition to compositional changes, the metabolic activity of the gut-microbiota is also changed in PD. Specifically, it is often reported that key producers of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as the concentration of SCFAs themselves are altered in the stool and blood of those with PD. These SCFAs, among which butyrate, are essential nutrients for the host and are a major energy source for epithelial cells of the GI tract. Additionally, butyrate plays a key role in regulating various host responses particularly in relation to inflammation. Studies have demonstrated that a reduction in butyrate levels can have a critical role in the onset and progression of PD. Furthermore, it has been shown that restoring butyrate levels in those with PD through methods such as probiotics, prebiotics, sodium butyrate supplementation, and fecal transplantation can have a beneficial effect on both motor and non-motor outcomes of the disease. This review presents an overview of evidence for the altered gut-bacteria composition and corresponding metabolite production in those with PD, with a particular focus on the SCFA butyrate. In addition to presenting current studies regarding SCFA in clinical and preclinical reports, evidence for the possibility to target butyrate production using microbiome based approaches in a therapeutic context is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Elford
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nanette Becht
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aletta D. Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paula Perez-Pardo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yao L, Yang Y, Yang X, Rezaei MJ. The Interaction Between Nutraceuticals and Gut Microbiota: a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Prevent and Treatment Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04151-2. [PMID: 38587699 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging research has shed light on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and progression of PD. Nutraceuticals such as curcumin, berberine, phytoestrogens, polyphenols (e.g., resveratrol, EGCG, and fisetin), dietary fibers have been shown to influence gut microbiota composition and function, restoring microbial balance and enhancing the gut-brain axis. The mechanisms underlying these benefits involve microbial metabolite production, restoration of gut barrier integrity, and modulation of neuroinflammatory pathways. Additionally, probiotics and prebiotics have shown potential in promoting gut health, influencing the gut microbiome, and alleviating PD symptoms. They can enhance the gut's antioxidant capacity of the gut, reduce inflammation, and maintain immune homeostasis, contributing to a neuroprotective environment. This paper provides an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the potential of nutraceuticals and gut microbiota modulation in the prevention and management of Parkinson's disease, emphasizing the need for further research and clinical trials to validate their effectiveness and safety. The findings suggest that a multifaceted approach involving nutraceuticals and gut microbiota may open new avenues for addressing the challenges of PD and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yao
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China.
| | - Mohammad J Rezaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hu J, Li P, Zhao H, Ji P, Yang Y, Ma J, Zhao X. Alterations of gut microbiota and its correlation with the liver metabolome in the process of ameliorating Parkinson's disease with Buyang Huanwu decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116893. [PMID: 37423520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, was first recorded in Qing Dynasty physician Qingren Wang's Yi Lin Gai Cuo. BHD has been widely utilized in the treatment of patients with neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In particular, little is known about the role of gut microbiota. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to reveal the alterations and functions of gut microbiota and its correlation with the liver metabolome in the process of improving PD with BHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cecal contents were collected from PD mice treated with or without BHD. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on an Illumina MiSeq-PE250 platform, and the ecological structure, dominant taxa, co-occurrence patterns, and function prediction of the gut microbial community were analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. The correlation between differential microbial communities in the gut and differentially accumulated metabolites in the liver was analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS The abundance of Butyricimonas, Christensenellaceae, Coprococcus, Peptococcaceae, Odoribacteraceae, and Roseburia was altered significantly in the model group, which was by BHD. Ten genera, namely Dorea, unclassified_Lachnospiraceae, Oscillospira, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, unclassified_Clostridiales, unidentified_Clostridiales, Bacteroides, unclassified_Prevotellaceae, unidentified_Rikenellaceae, and unidentified_S24-7, were identified as key bacterial communities. According to the function prediction of differential genera, the mRNA surveillance pathway might be a target of BHD. Integrated analysis of gut microbiota and the liver metabolome revealed that several gut microbiota genera such as Parabacteroides, Ochrobactrum, Acinetobacter, Clostridium, and Halomonas, were positively or negatively correlated with some nervous system-related metabolites, such as L-carnitine, L-pyroglutamic acid, oleic acid, and taurine. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota might be a target of BHD in the process of ameliorating PD. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the effects of BHD on PD and contribute to the development of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianran Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Pengyu Ji
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Koukoulis TF, Beauchamp LC, Kaparakis-Liaskos M, McQuade RM, Purnianto A, Finkelstein DI, Barnham KJ, Vella LJ. Do Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Contribute to Chronic Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:227-244. [PMID: 38427502 PMCID: PMC10977405 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative disease. It has been suggested that the etiology of idiopathic PD is complex and multifactorial involving environmental contributions, such as viral or bacterial infections and microbial dysbiosis, in genetically predisposed individuals. With advances in our understanding of the gut-brain axis, there is increasing evidence that the intestinal microbiota and the mammalian immune system functionally interact. Recent findings suggest that a shift in the gut microbiome to a pro-inflammatory phenotype may play a role in PD onset and progression. While there are links between gut bacteria, inflammation, and PD, the bacterial products involved and how they traverse the gut lumen and distribute systemically to trigger inflammation are ill-defined. Mechanisms emerging in other research fields point to a role for small, inherently stable vesicles released by Gram-negative bacteria, called outer membrane vesicles in disease pathogenesis. These vesicles facilitate communication between bacteria and the host and can shuttle bacterial toxins and virulence factors around the body to elicit an immune response in local and distant organs. In this perspective article, we hypothesize a role for bacterial outer membrane vesicles in PD pathogenesis. We present evidence suggesting that these outer membrane vesicles specifically from Gram-negative bacteria could potentially contribute to PD by traversing the gut lumen to trigger local, systemic, and neuroinflammation. This perspective aims to facilitate a discussion on outer membrane vesicles in PD and encourage research in the area, with the goal of developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiana F. Koukoulis
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Leah C. Beauchamp
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brighamand Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel M. McQuade
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Gut-Axis Injury and Repair Laboratory, Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE), The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE), Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Adityas Purnianto
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Barnham
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura J. Vella
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cirstea MS, Creus-Cuadros A, Lo C, Yu AC, Serapio-Palacios A, Neilson S, Appel-Cresswell S, Finlay BB. A novel pathway of levodopa metabolism by commensal Bifidobacteria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19155. [PMID: 37932328 PMCID: PMC10628163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold-standard treatment for Parkinson's disease is levodopa (L-DOPA), which is taken orally and absorbed intestinally. L-DOPA must reach the brain intact to exert its clinical effect; peripheral metabolism by host and microbial enzymes is a clinical management issue. The gut microbiota is altered in PD, with one consistent and unexplained observation being an increase in Bifidobacterium abundance among patients. Recently, certain Bifidobacterium species were shown to have the ability to metabolize L-tyrosine, an L-DOPA structural analog. Using both clinical cohort data and in vitro experimentation, we investigated the potential for commensal Bifidobacteria to metabolize this drug. In PD patients, Bifidobacterium abundance was positively correlated with L-DOPA dose and negatively with serum tyrosine concentration. In vitro experiments revealed that certain species, including B. bifidum, B. breve, and B. longum, were able to metabolize this drug via deamination followed by reduction to the compound 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid (DHPLA) using existing tyrosine-metabolising genes. DHPLA appears to be a waste product generated during regeneration of NAD +. This metabolism occurs at low levels in rich medium, but is significantly upregulated in nutrient-limited minimal medium. Discovery of this novel metabolism of L-DOPA to DHPLA by a common commensal may help inform medication management in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Cirstea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A Creus-Cuadros
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C Lo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A C Yu
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Serapio-Palacios
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S Neilson
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Appel-Cresswell
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B B Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pavan S, Gorthi SP, Prabhu AN, Das B, Mutreja A, Vasudevan K, Shetty V, Ramamurthy T, Ballal M. Dysbiosis of the Beneficial Gut Bacteria in Patients with Parkinson's Disease from India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2023; 26:908-916. [PMID: 38229613 PMCID: PMC10789430 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_460_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recent advancement in understanding neurological disorders has revealed the involvement of dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). We sequenced microbial DNA using fecal samples collected from PD cases and healthy controls (HCs) to evaluate the role of gut microbiota. Methods Full-length bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples was performed using amplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products on the GridION Nanopore sequencer. Sequenced data were analyzed using web-based tools BugSeq and MicrobiomeAnalyst. Results We found that certain bacterial families like Clostridia UCG 014, Cristensenellaceae, and Oscillospiraceae are higher in abundance, and Lachinospiracea, Coriobacteriaceae and genera associated with short-chain fatty acid production, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Roseburia and Blautia, are lower in abundance among PD cases when compared with the HC. Genus Akkermansia, Dialister, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group positively correlated with constipation in PD. Conclusion Observations from this study support the other global research on the PD gut microbiome background and provide fresh insight into the gut microbial composition of PD patients from a south Indian population. We report a higher abundance of Clostridia UCG 014 group, previously not linked to PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujith Pavan
- Enteric Diseases Division, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Gorthi
- Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Neurology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arvind N. Prabhu
- Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Health Sciences and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Ankur Mutreja
- Enteric Diseases Division, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Karthick Vasudevan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, Reva University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vignesh Shetty
- Enteric Diseases Division, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thandavarayan Ramamurthy
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamatha Ballal
- Enteric Diseases Division, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kleine Bardenhorst S, Cereda E, Severgnini M, Barichella M, Pezzoli G, Keshavarzian A, Desideri A, Pietrucci D, Aho VTE, Scheperjans F, Hildebrand F, Weis S, Egert M, Karch A, Vital M, Rübsamen N. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in Parkinson disease: A systematic review and pooled analysis. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3581-3594. [PMID: 36593694 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD) is under intense investigation, and the results presented are still very heterogeneous. These discrepancies arise not only from the highly heterogeneous pathology of PD, but also from widely varying methodologies at all stages of the workflow, from sampling to final statistical analysis. The aim of the present work is to harmonize the workflow across studies to reduce the methodological heterogeneity and to perform a pooled analysis to account for other sources of heterogeneity. METHODS We performed a systematic review to identify studies comparing the gut microbiota of PD patients to healthy controls. A workflow was designed to harmonize processing across all studies from bioinformatics processing to final statistical analysis using a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis based on individual patient-level data. RESULTS The results show that harmonizing workflows minimizes differences between statistical methods and reveals only a small set of taxa being associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Increased shares of the genera Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium and decreased shares of the genera Roseburia and Faecalibacterium were most characteristic for PD-associated microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Our study summarizes evidence that reduced levels of butyrate-producing taxa in combination with possible degradation of the mucus layer by Akkermansia may promote intestinal inflammation and reduced permeability of the gut mucosal layer. This may allow potentially pathogenic metabolites to transit and enter the enteric nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuele Cereda
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Severgnini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST-Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome & Chronobiology Research, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Daniele Pietrucci
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food, and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, IBIOM, Italian National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Velma T E Aho
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filip Scheperjans
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Severin Weis
- Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Furtwangen, Germany
| | - Markus Egert
- Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Furtwangen, Germany
| | - André Karch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marius Vital
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Rübsamen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bellini G, Benvenuti L, Ippolito C, Frosini D, Segnani C, Rettura F, Pancetti A, Bertani L, D'Antongiovanni V, Palermo G, Del Prete E, Antonioli L, Nardini V, Morganti R, Pellegrini C, Bernardini N, Ceravolo R, Fornai M, Bellini M. Intestinal histomorphological and molecular alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3440-3450. [PMID: 36263629 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Changes in gut microbiota composition, enteric inflammation, impairments of the intestinal epithelial barrier and neuroplastic changes in the enteric nervous system have been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and could contribute to the onset of both neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, their mutual interplay has rarely been investigated. This study evaluated, in an integrated manner, changes in faecal microbiota composition, morphofunctional alterations of colonic mucosal barrier and changes of inflammatory markers in blood and stools of PD patients. METHODS Nineteen PD patients and nineteen asymptomatic subjects were enrolled. Blood lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP, marker of altered intestinal permeability) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels, as well as stool IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) levels, were evaluated. Gut microbiota analysis was performed. Epithelial mucins, collagen fibres, claudin-1 and S100-positive glial cells as markers of an impairment of the intestinal barrier, mucosal remodelling and enteric glial activation were evaluated on colonic mucosal specimens collected during colonoscopy. RESULTS Faecal microbiota analysis revealed a significant difference in the α-diversity in PD patients compared to controls, while no differences were found in the β-diversity. Compared to controls, PD patients showed significant chenags in plasma LBP levels, as well as faecal TNF and IL-1β levels. The histological analysis showed a decrease in epithelial neutral mucins and claudin-1 expression and an increased expression of acidic mucins, collagen fibres and S100-positive glial cells. CONCLUSIONS Parkinson's disease patients are characterized by enteric inflammation and increased intestinal epithelial barrier permeability, as well as colonic mucosal barrier remodelling, associated with changes in gut microbiota composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bellini
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Benvenuti
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Ippolito
- Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Frosini
- Department of Medical Specialties, Neurology Unit, AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Segnani
- Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Rettura
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Pancetti
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bertani
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Tuscany North-West ASL, Pontedera Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa D'Antongiovanni
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palermo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Antonioli
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nardini
- Anatomia Patologica 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Carolina Pellegrini
- Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunzia Bernardini
- Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Unit of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Bellini
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shi J, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Liao X, Chen J, Xie H, Liu J, Sun J, Chen S. Association Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in Basal Ganglia Region. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2667. [PMID: 38004679 PMCID: PMC10673176 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have implied the potential impact of gut microbiota on acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the relationships of gut microbiota with basal ganglia region infarction (BGRI) and the predictive power of gut microbiota in BGRI prognosis is unclear. The aim of this study was to ascertain characteristic taxa of BGRI patients with different functional outcomes and identify their predictive value. Fecal samples of 65 BGRI patients were collected at admission and analyzed with 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Three-month functional outcomes of BGRI were evaluated using modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and patients with mRS score of 0-1 were assigned to good-BGRI group while others were assigned to poor-BGRI group. We further identified characteristic microbiota using linear discriminant analysis effect size, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the predictive value of differential bacteria. According to the mRS score assessed after 3 months of stroke onset, 22 patients were assigned to poor-BGRI group, while 43 patients were assigned to good-BGRI group. Short chain fatty acids-producing bacteria, Romboutsia and Fusicatenibacter, were characteristic microbiota of the good-BGRI group, while pro-inflammatory taxa, Acetanaerobacterium, were characteristic microbiota of the poor-BGRI group. Furthermore, the differential bacteria showed extensive associations with clinical indices. ROC curves, separately plotted based on Romboutsia and Fusicatenibacter, achieved area under the curve values of 0.7193 and 0.6839, respectively. This study identified the efficient discriminative power of characteristic microbiota in BGRI patients with different outcomes and provided novel insights into the associations of gut microbiota with related risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Yiting Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Qionglei Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Xiaolan Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Huijia Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China;
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (H.X.)
| | - Songfang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Heravi FS, Naseri K, Hu H. Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Neurodegenerative Disorders (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's) and Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4365. [PMID: 37892440 PMCID: PMC10609969 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current literature regarding gut microbiota composition in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to healthy controls. To identify the relevant studies, a thorough search of PubMed, Medline, and Embase was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Out of 5627 articles, 73 studies were assessed for full-text eligibility, which led to the inclusion of 42 studies (26 PD and 16 AD studies). The risk of bias assessment showed a medium risk in 32 studies (20 PD studies and 12 AD studies), a low risk in 9 studies (5 PD studies and 4 AD studies), and 1 PD study with a high risk. Among the PD studies, 22 out of 26 studies reported a different gut microbiota composition between the PD cases and the healthy controls, and 15 out of 16 AD studies reported differences in gut microbiota composition between the AD cases and the healthy controls. The PD and AD studies consistently identified the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria as prevalent in the gut microbiota in both the healthy groups and the case groups. Microbial dysbiosis was specifically characterized in the PD studies by a high abundance of Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae in the cases and a high abundance of Blautia, Coprococcus, Prevotellaceae, and Roseburia in the controls. Similarly, Bacteroides and Acidobacteriota were abundant in the AD cases, and Acidaminococcaceae, Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminiclostridium were abundant in the AD controls. The microbial signature assessment showed the association of several microbial taxa, including Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcacea, and Verrucomicrobia with PD and Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria with AD. The microbial diversity evaluations in the PD and AD studies indicated comparable alpha diversity in some groups and distinct gut microbiota composition in others, with consistent beta diversity differences between the cases and the controls across multiple studies. The bacterial signatures identified in this study that are associated with PD and AD may offer promising prospects for efficient management and treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaveh Naseri
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3983, Australia;
| | - Honghua Hu
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Innovation Center of Translational Pharmacy, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321016, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stolzer I, Scherer E, Süß P, Rothhammer V, Winner B, Neurath MF, Günther C. Impact of Microbiome-Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14925. [PMID: 37834373 PMCID: PMC10573483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the development and progression of various immune-mediated diseases affecting both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This complex interplay between the microbiota, the gut, and the CNS is referred to as the gut-brain axis. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years, and evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contribute to disease development and progression. Clinical studies have shown alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, changes within the microbial community have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Microbiota-gut-brain communication can impact neurodegenerative diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of immune function, the production of microbial metabolites, as well as modulation of host-derived soluble factors. This review describes the current literature on the gut-brain axis and highlights novel communication systems that allow cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host that might influence the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eveline Scherer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huh E, Choi JG, Lee MY, Kim JH, Choi Y, Ju IG, Eo H, Park MG, Kim DH, Park HJ, Lee CH, Oh MS. Peripheral metabolic alterations associated with pathological manifestations of Parkinson's disease in gut-brain axis-based mouse model. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1201073. [PMID: 37635904 PMCID: PMC10447900 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1201073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a representative neurodegenerative disease, and its diagnosis relies on the evaluation of clinical manifestations or brain neuroimaging in the absence of a crucial noninvasive biomarker. Here, we used non-targeted metabolomics profiling to identify metabolic alterations in the colon and plasma samples of Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis)-treated mice, which is a possible animal model for investigating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Methods We performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze the samples and detected metabolites that could reflect P. mirabilis-induced disease progression and pathology. Results and discussion Pattern, correlation and pathway enrichment analyses showed significant alterations in sugar metabolism such as galactose metabolism and fructose and mannose metabolism, which are closely associated with energy metabolism and lipid metabolism. This study indicates possible metabolic factors for P. mirabilis-induced pathological progression and provides evidence of metabolic alterations associated with P. mirabilis-mediated pathology of brain neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Huh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Youn Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Gyu Park
- MetaCen Therapeutics Inc. R&D Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gao J, Zhao L, Cheng Y, Lei W, Wang Y, Liu X, Zheng N, Shao L, Chen X, Sun Y, Ling Z, Xu W. Probiotics for the treatment of depression and its comorbidities: A systemic review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1167116. [PMID: 37139495 PMCID: PMC10149938 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1167116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric conditions, characterized by significant and persistent depressed mood and diminished interest, and often coexists with various comorbidities. The underlying mechanism of depression remain elusive, evidenced by the lack of an appreciate therapy. Recent abundant clinical trials and animal studies support the new notion that the gut microbiota has emerged as a novel actor in the pathophysiology of depression, which partakes in bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain through the neuroendocrine, nervous, and immune signaling pathways, collectively known as the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. Alterations in the gut microbiota can trigger the changes in neurotransmitters, neuroinflammation, and behaviors. With the transition of human microbiome research from studying associations to investigating mechanistic causality, the MGB axis has emerged as a novel therapeutic target in depression and its comorbidities. These novel insights have fueled idea that targeting on the gut microbiota may open new windows for efficient treatment of depression and its comorbidities. Probiotics, live beneficial microorganisms, can be used to modulate gut dysbiosis into a new eubiosis and modify the occurrence and development of depression and its comorbidities. In present review, we summarize recent findings regarding the MGB axis in depression and discuss the potential therapeutic effects of probiotics on depression and its comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longyou Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhui Lei
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nengneng Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Shao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xulei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yilai Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongxin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weijie Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Elnaggar JH, Huynh VO, Lin D, Hillman RT, Abana CO, El Alam MB, Tomasic KC, Karpinets TV, Kouzy R, Phan JL, Wargo J, Holliday EB, Das P, Mezzari MP, Ajami NJ, Lynn EJ, Minsky BD, Morris VK, Milbourne A, Messick CA, Klopp AH, Futreal PA, Taniguchi CM, Schmeler KM, Colbert LE. HPV-related anal cancer is associated with changes in the anorectal microbiome during cancer development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1051431. [PMID: 37063829 PMCID: PMC10090447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1051431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer. Factors associated with progression of HPV infection to anal dysplasia and cancer are unclear and screening guidelines and approaches for anal dysplasia are less clear than for cervical dysplasia. One potential contributing factor is the anorectal microbiome. In this study, we aimed to identify differences in anal microbiome composition in the settings of HPV infection, anal dysplasia, and anal cancer in this rare disease. Methods Patients were enrolled in two prospective studies. Patients with anal dysplasia were part of a cross-sectional cohort that enrolled women with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia. Anorectal tumor swabs were prospectively collected from patients with biopsy-confirmed locally advanced SCCA prior to receiving standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Patients with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia without anal dysplasia were considered high-risk (HR Normal). 16S V4 rRNA Microbiome sequencing was performed for anal swabs. Alpha and Beta Diversity and composition were compared for HR Normal, anal dysplasia, and anal cancer. Results 60 patients with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia were initially enrolled. Seven patients had concurrent anal dysplasia and 44 patients were considered HR Normal. Anorectal swabs from 21 patients with localized SCCA were included, sequenced, and analyzed in the study. Analysis of weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances demonstrated significant differences in microbial community composition between anal cancer and HR normal (p=0.018). LEfSe identified that all three groups exhibited differential enrichment of specific taxa. Peptoniphilus (p=0.028), Fusobacteria (p=0.0295), Porphyromonas (p=0.034), and Prevotella (p=0.029) were enriched in anal cancer specimens when compared to HR normal. Conclusion Although alpha diversity was similar between HR Normal, dysplasia and cancer patients, composition differed significantly between the three groups. Increased anorectal Peptoniphilus, Fusobacteria, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella abundance were associated with anal cancer. These organisms have been reported in various gastrointestinal cancers with roles in facilitating the proinflammatory microenvironment and neoplasia progression. Future work should investigate a potential role of microbiome analysis in screening for anal dysplasia and investigation into potential mechanisms of how these microbial imbalances influence the immune system and anal carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H. Elnaggar
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Victoria O. Huynh
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Daniel Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - R. Tyler Hillman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas Scholar in Cancer Research, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Chike O. Abana
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Molly B. El Alam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katarina C. Tomasic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tatiana V. Karpinets
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ramez Kouzy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jae L. Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Emma B. Holliday
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Prajnan Das
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Melissa P. Mezzari
- The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nadim J. Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Erica J. Lynn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bruce D. Minsky
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Van K. Morris
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Andrea Milbourne
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Craig A. Messick
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ann H. Klopp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cullen M. Taniguchi
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lauren E. Colbert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu X, Lubomski M, Holmes AJ, Sue CM, Davis RL, Muller S, Yang JYH. NEMoE: a nutrition aware regularized mixture of experts model to identify heterogeneous diet-microbiome-host health interactions. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:51. [PMID: 36918961 PMCID: PMC10015776 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unrevealing the interplay between diet, the microbiome, and the health state could enable the design of personalized intervention strategies and improve the health and well-being of individuals. A common approach to this is to divide the study population into smaller cohorts based on dietary preferences in the hope of identifying specific microbial signatures. However, classification of patients based solely on diet is unlikely to reflect the microbiome-host health relationship or the taxonomic microbiome makeup. RESULTS We present a novel approach, the Nutrition-Ecotype Mixture of Experts (NEMoE) model, for establishing associations between gut microbiota and health state that accounts for diet-specific cohort variability using a regularized mixture of experts model framework with an integrated parameter sharing strategy to ensure data-driven diet-cohort identification consistency across taxonomic levels. The success of our approach was demonstrated through a series of simulation studies, in which NEMoE showed robustness with regard to parameter selection and varying degrees of data heterogeneity. Further application to real-world microbiome data from a Parkinson's disease cohort revealed that NEMoE is capable of not only improving predictive performance for Parkinson's Disease but also for identifying diet-specific microbial signatures of disease. CONCLUSION In summary, NEMoE can be used to uncover diet-specific relationships between nutritional-ecotype and patient health and to contextualize precision nutrition for different diseases. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Xu
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michal Lubomski
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- The University of Notre Dame Australia, School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan L Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Samuel Muller
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jean Y H Yang
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Science Park, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The effects of gallic acid and vagotomy on motor function, intestinal transit, brain electrophysiology and oxidative stress alterations in a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone. Life Sci 2023; 315:121356. [PMID: 36621537 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neuropathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is complex and affects multiple systems of the body beyond the central nervous system. This study examined the effects of gallic acid (GA) and gastrointestinal vagotomy (VG) on motor, cognitive, intestinal transit time, and thalamic nuclei electrical power in an animal model of PD induced by rotenone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Sham, ROT, ROT+GA, VG + ROT. Sham rats received vehicle, those in ROT received rotenone (5 mg/kg/2 ml, ig), PD rats in ROT+GA were treated with GA (100 mg/kg, gavage/once daily, for 28 days), and in VG + ROT, the vagal nerve was dissected. Stride length, motor coordination and locomotion, intestinal transit time, cognitive and pain threshold, and thalamic local EEG were evaluated. Oxidative stress indexes in striatal tissue were also measured. RESULTS Rotenone diminished significantly the stride length (p < 0.001), motor coordination (p < 0.001), power of thalamic EEG (p < 0.01) and pain (p < 0.001). MDA increased significantly (p < 0.001) while GPx activity decreased (p < 0.001). Intestinal transit time rose significantly (p < 0.01). PD rats treated with GA improved all above disorders (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Vagotomy prevented significant alterations of motor and non-motor parameters by rotenone. CONCLUSION According to current findings, rotenone acts as a toxin in GI and plays a role in the pathogenesis of PD through gastric vagal nerve. Thus, vagotomy could prevent the severity of toxicity by rotenone. In addition, GA improved symptoms of PD induced by rotenone. Therefore, GA can be regarded as a promising therapeutic candidate for PD patients.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gut-oriented disease modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:9-18. [PMID: 36182642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathology studies have shown that the pathognomonic feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, may start from the gut enteric nervous system and then spread to the central dopaminergic neurons through the gut-brain axis. With the advent of metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic analysis, a plethora of evidence has revealed different gut microbiomes and gut metabolites in patients with PD compared with unaffected controls. Currently, although dopaminergic treatments and deep brain stimulation can provide some symptomatic benefits for motor symptoms of the disease, their long-term use is problematic. A mechanism-targeted therapy to halt the neurodegeneration is lacking. The recently observed gut microenvironmental changes in the early stages of the disease play a vital role in the PD pathogenesis. Patients whose disease begins in the gut may benefit most from interventions that target the gut microenvironments. In this review, we will summarize the current studies demonstrating multifunctional roles of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis of PD and the currently available evidence for targeting the gut microbiota as a novel approach to potential disease-modifying therapy in PD.
Collapse
|
27
|
Mahjoub Y, Martino D. Immunology and microbiome: Implications for motor systems. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:135-157. [PMID: 37562867 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Immune-inflammatory mechanisms seem to play a relevant role in neurodegenerative disorders affecting motor systems, particularly Parkinson's disease, where activity changes in inflammatory cells and evidence of neuroinflammation in experimental models and patients is available. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is also characterized by neuroinflammatory changes that involve primarily glial cells, both microglia and astrocytes, as well as systemic immune dysregulation associated with more rapid progression. Similarly, the exploration of gut dysbiosis in these two prototypical neurodegenerative motor disorders is advancing rapidly. Altered composition of gut microbial constituents and related metabolic and putative functional pathways is supporting a pathophysiological link that is currently explored in preclinical, germ-free animal models. Less compelling, but still intriguing, evidence suggests that motor neurodevelopmental disorders, e.g., Tourette syndrome, are associated with abnormal trajectories of maturation that include also immune system development. Microglia has a key role also in these disorders, and new therapeutic avenues aiming at its modulation are exciting prospects. Preclinical and clinical research on the role of gut dysbiosis in Tourette syndrome and related behavioral disorders is still in its infancy, but early findings support the rationale to delve deeper into its contribution to neural and immune maturation abnormalities in its spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Mahjoub
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Davide Martino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Papić E, Rački V, Hero M, Tomić Z, Starčević-Čižmarević N, Kovanda A, Kapović M, Hauser G, Peterlin B, Vuletić V. The effects of microbiota abundance on symptom severity in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1020172. [PMID: 36570528 PMCID: PMC9772822 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is neurodegenerative disease with a multifactorial etiopathogenesis with accumulating evidence identifying microbiota as a potential factor in the earliest, prodromal phases of the disease. Previous research has already shown a significant difference between gut microbiota composition in PD patients as opposed to healthy controls, with a growing number of studies correlating gut microbiota changes with the clinical presentation of the disease in later stages, through various motor and non-motor symptoms. Our aim in this systematic review is to compose and assess current knowledge in the field and determine if the findings could influence future clinical practice as well as therapy in PD. Methods We have conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines through MEDLINE and Embase databases, with studies being selected for inclusion via a set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results 20 studies were included in this systematic review according to the selected inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search yielded 18 case control studies, 1 case study, and 1 prospective case study with no controls. The total number of PD patients encompassed in the studies cited in this review is 1,511. Conclusion The link between gut microbiota and neurodegeneration is a complex one and it depends on various factors. The relative abundance of various microbiota taxa in the gut has been consistently shown to have a correlation with motor and non-motor symptom severity. The answer could lie in the products of gut microbiota metabolism which have also been linked to PD. Further research is thus warranted in the field, with a focus on the metabolic function of gut microbiota in relation to motor and non-motor symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliša Papić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia,Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Valentino Rački
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia,Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mario Hero
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia,Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zoran Tomić
- Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nada Starčević-Čižmarević
- Department of Medical Genetics and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Anja Kovanda
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miljenko Kapović
- Department of Medical Genetics and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Goran Hauser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vladimira Vuletić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia,Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia,*Correspondence: Vladimira Vuletić,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bonnechère B, Amin N, van Duijn C. What Are the Key Gut Microbiota Involved in Neurological Diseases? A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213665. [PMID: 36430144 PMCID: PMC9696257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence highlighting there are significant changes in the gut microbiota composition and relative abundance in various neurological disorders. We performed a systematic review of the different microbiota altered in a wide range of neurological disorders (Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and stroke). Fifty-two studies were included representing 5496 patients. At the genus level, the most frequently involved microbiota are Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella. The overlap between the pathologies was strongest for MS and PD, sharing eight genera (Akkermansia, Butyricicoccus, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, Parabacteroides, and Prevotella) and PD and stroke, sharing six genera (Enterococcus, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, and Roseburia). The identification signatures overlapping for AD, PD, and MS raise the question of whether these reflect a common etiology or rather common consequence of these diseases. The interpretation is hampered by the low number and low power for AD, ALS, and stroke with ample opportunity for false positive and false negative findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Z, Liang H, Hu Y, Lu L, Zheng C, Fan Y, Wu B, Zou T, Luo X, Zhang X, Zeng Y, Liu Z, Zhou Z, Yue Z, Ren Y, Li Z, Su Q, Xu P. Gut bacterial profiles in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:140-157. [PMID: 36284437 PMCID: PMC9804059 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent advances have highlighted the relationships between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease (PD). Microbiota transplantation from PD patients to mice can induce increased alpha-synuclein-mediated motor deficits. Human studies have identified differences in the gut microbiota of PD patients compared to healthy controls. We undertook a systematic review to evaluate the available evidence for the involvement of gut bacteria in the etiology of PD. METHODS The PubMed databank, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databank, and Wanfang Data were searched from inception until June 2021 to identify human case-control studies that investigated relationships between PD and microbiota quantified from feces. We evaluated the resulting studies focusing on bacterial taxa that were different between PD patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were found in which 53 microbial families and 98 genera exhibited differences between patients with PD and healthy controls. The genera identified by more than two studies as increased in PD were Bifidobacterium, Alistipes, Christensenella, Enterococcus, Oscillospira, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, Escherichia/Shigella, and Akkermansia, while Prevotella, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, and Haemophilus had three or more reports of being lower in PD patients. More than one report demonstrated that Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Parabacteroides, Butyricicoccus, Butyrivibrio, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Lachnospira, Lactobacillus, Megasphaera, Phascolarctobacterium, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, and Klebsiella were altered in both directions. CONCLUSION Our review shows that the involvement of the gut microbiome in the etiology of PD may involve alterations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria and an increase in putative gut pathobionts. SCFAs-producing bacteria may vary above or below an "optimal range," causing imbalances. Considering that Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia are beneficial for human health, increased Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the PD gut microbiome may be associated with PD medications, especially COMT inhibitors, while a high level of Akkermansia may be associated with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Hongfeng Liang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yingyu Hu
- Hospital Administration OfficeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunye Zheng
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yuzhen Fan
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Bin Wu
- Genetic Testing LabThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Tao Zou
- Chronic Disease Management OutpatientThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaodong Luo
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Xinchun Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Ziyan Liu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of NeurologyFriedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical SciencesFlorida State University College of MedicineTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Genetic Testing LabThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Qiaozhen Su
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)GuangzhouChina
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson's Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012289. [PMID: 36293176 PMCID: PMC9603886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the Central Nervous System, the so-called gut microbiota brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects brain function and has an important impact on the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), gastrointestinal symptoms often precede the onset of motor and non-motor manifestations, and alterations in the GM composition accompany disease pathogenesis. Several studies have been conducted to unravel the role of dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in PD onset and progression, but the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of GM modifying approaches remain to be fully elucidated. After a brief introduction on the involvement of GMBA in the disease, we present evidence for GM alterations and leaky gut in PD patients. According to these data, we then review the potential of GM-based signatures to serve as disease biomarkers and we highlight the emerging role of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation as supportive therapeutic approaches in PD. Finally, we analyze the mutual influence between commonly prescribed PD medications and gut-microbiota, and we offer insights on the involvement also of nasal and oral microbiota in PD pathology, thus providing a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the role of microbial features in disease diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
|
32
|
Boertien JM, Murtomäki K, Pereira PAB, van der Zee S, Mertsalmi TH, Levo R, Nojonen T, Mäkinen E, Jaakkola E, Laine P, Paulin L, Pekkonen E, Kaasinen V, Auvinen P, Scheperjans F, van Laar T. Fecal microbiome alterations in treatment-naive de novo Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:129. [PMID: 36216843 PMCID: PMC9551094 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been found in several studies and are suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. However, previous results could not be adequately adjusted for a potential confounding effect of PD medication and disease duration, as almost all PD participants were already using dopaminergic medication and were included several years after diagnosis. Here, the gut microbiome composition of treatment-naive de novo PD subjects was assessed compared to healthy controls (HC) in two large independent case-control cohorts (n = 136 and 56 PD, n = 85 and 87 HC), using 16S-sequencing of fecal samples. Relevant variables such as technical batches, diet and constipation were assessed for their potential effects. Overall gut microbiome composition differed between PD and HC in both cohorts, suggesting gut microbiome alterations are already present in de novo PD subjects at the time of diagnosis, without the possible confounding effect of dopaminergic medication. Although no differentially abundant taxon could be replicated in both cohorts, multiple short chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing taxa were decreased in PD in both cohorts. In particular, several taxa belonging to the family Lachnospiraceae were decreased in abundance. Fewer taxonomic differences were found compared to previous studies, indicating smaller effect sizes in de novo PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Boertien
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsi Murtomäki
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro A. B. Pereira
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sygrid van der Zee
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tuomas H. Mertsalmi
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reeta Levo
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanja Nojonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Mäkinen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XClinical Neurosciences, University of Turku and Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Jaakkola
- grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XClinical Neurosciences, University of Turku and Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pia Laine
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lars Paulin
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Pekkonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valtteri Kaasinen
- grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XClinical Neurosciences, University of Turku and Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filip Scheperjans
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teus van Laar
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nowak JM, Kopczyński M, Friedman A, Koziorowski D, Figura M. Microbiota Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease—In Search of a Biomarker. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092057. [PMID: 36140158 PMCID: PMC9495927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the role of the gastrointestinal system in Parkinson disease pathogenesis. It is likely triggered by proinflammatory markers produced by specific gut bacteria. This review’s aim is to identify gut bacterial biomarkers of Parkinson disease. A comprehensive search for original research papers on gut microbiota composition in Parkinson disease was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Research papers on intestinal permeability, nasal and oral microbiomes, and interventional studies were excluded. The yielded results were categorized into four groups: Parkinson disease vs. healthy controls; disease severity; non-motor symptoms; and clinical phenotypes. This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. A total of 51 studies met the eligibility criteria. In the Parkinson disease vs. healthy controls group, 22 bacteria were deemed potentially important. In the disease severity category, two bacteria were distinguished. In the non-motor symptoms and clinical phenotypes categories, no distinct pathogen was identified. The studies in this review report bacteria of varying taxonomic levels, which prevents the authors from reaching a clear conclusion. Future research should follow a unified methodology in order to identify potential biomarkers for Parkinson disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maya Nowak
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kopczyński
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Friedman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen SJ, Lin CH. Gut microenvironmental changes as a potential trigger in Parkinson's disease through the gut-brain axis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:54. [PMID: 35897024 PMCID: PMC9327249 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00839-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease attributed to the synergistic effects of genetic risk and environmental stimuli. Although PD is characterized by motor dysfunction resulting from intraneuronal alpha-synuclein accumulations, termed Lewy bodies, and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra, multiple systems are involved in the disease process, resulting in heterogenous clinical presentation and progression. Genetic predisposition to PD regarding aberrant immune responses, abnormal protein aggregation, autophagolysosomal impairment, and mitochondrial dysfunction leads to vulnerable neurons that are sensitive to environmental triggers and, together, result in neuronal degeneration. Neuropathology studies have shown that, at least in some patients, Lewy bodies start from the enteric nervous system and then spread to the central dopaminergic neurons through the gut-brain axis, suggesting the contribution of an altered gut microenvironment in the pathogenesis of PD. A plethora of evidence has revealed different gut microbiomes and gut metabolites in patients with PD compared to unaffected controls. Chronic gut inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier integrity have been observed in human PD patients and mouse models of PD. These observations led to the hypothesis that an altered gut microenvironment is a potential trigger of the PD process in a genetically susceptible host. In this review, we will discuss the complex interplay between genetic factors and gut microenvironmental changes contributing to PD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ju Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fan HX, Sheng S, Zhang F. New hope for Parkinson's disease treatment: Targeting gut microbiota. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1675-1688. [PMID: 35822696 PMCID: PMC9532916 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There might be more than 10 million confirmed cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) worldwide by 2040. However, the pathogenesis of PD is still unclear. Host health is closely related to gut microbiota, which are affected by factors such as age, diet, and exercise. Recent studies have found that gut microbiota may play key roles in the progression of a wide range of diseases, including PD. Changes in the abundance of gut bacteria, such as Helicobacter pylori, Enterococcus faecalis, and Desulfovibrio, might be involved in PD pathogenesis or interfere with PD therapy. Gut microbiota and the distal brain achieve action on each other through a gut‐brain axis composed of the nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system. Here, this review focused on the current understanding of the connection between Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota, to provide potential therapeutic targets for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Fan
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuo Sheng
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Han Y, Shao D, Han C, Huang Q, Zhao W. Response of human gut microbiota under simulated microgravity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:5221-5231. [PMID: 35796811 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of microgravity on human gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in vitro. The diamagnetic material magnetic levitation method was used to simulate weightless environment. The human gut microbiota was cultured under two different conditions: normal gravity (1 g), and simulated microgravity (0 g), which showed that both the richness (P = 0.04) and diversity (P = 0.0002) of human gut microbiota were significantly altered. As compared to the normal gravity, the simulated microgravity significantly reduced abundance of bacteria related to anti-inflammatory effects, such as Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Butyricicoccus, and Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136-0 group (P < 0.05), while significantly increased that of Alistipes and Eubacterium-Ventriosum-group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there were more significantly correlated species (|r|≥ 0.5, P < 0.05) in normal gravity than that in the simulated microgravity. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the microgravity significantly (P < 0.05) affected the metabolism of gut microbiota, such as the metabolism of pyrimidine, fatty acids, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. These results suggested that the exposure to a microgravity environment might induce disturbances in human gut microbiota. KEY POINTS: • Using 16sRNA gene sequencing technology, it was found that magnetic levitation-simulated microgravity had varying degrees of influence on the abundance, diversity, species correlation, and KEGG pathways of human intestinal microbes. • Digital PCR can improve the detection rate of microorganisms with low abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Han
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cuicui Han
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Z, Zhou J, Liang H, Ye L, Lan L, Lu F, Wang Q, Lei T, Yang X, Cui P, Huang J. Differences in Alpha Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Neurological Diseases. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:879318. [PMID: 35837118 PMCID: PMC9274120 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.879318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurological diseases are difficult to diagnose in time, and there is currently a lack of effective predictive methods. Previous studies have indicated that a variety of neurological diseases cause changes in the gut microbiota. Alpha diversity is a major indicator to describe the diversity of the gut microbiota. At present, the relationship between neurological diseases and the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota remains unclear. Methods We performed a systematic literature search of Pubmed and Bioproject databases up to January 2021. Six indices were used to measure alpha diversity, including community richness (observed species, Chao1 and ACE), community diversity (Shannon, Simpson), and phylogenetic diversity (PD). Random-effects meta-analyses on the standardized mean difference (SMD) were carried out on the alpha diversity indices. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the sources of interstudy heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed on articles by matching the age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) of the disease group with the control group. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis was performed to control the variability of the sequencing region, platform, geographical region, instrument, and diseases. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to assess the prediction effectiveness of the microbial alpha diversity indices. Results We conducted a meta-analysis of 24 published studies on 16S rRNA gene amplified sequencing of the gut microbiota and neurological diseases from the Pubmed and Bioproject database (patients, n = 1,469; controls, n = 1,289). The pooled estimate demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the alpha diversity between patients and controls (P < 0.05). Alpha diversity decreased only in Parkinson's disease patients, while it increased in anorexia nervosa patients compared to controls. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and geographical region, none of the alpha diversity was associated with neurological diseases. In terms of Illumina HiSeq 2000 and the V3-V5 sequencing region, the results showed that alpha diversity increased significantly in comparison with the controls, while decreased in Illumina HiSeq 2500. ROC curves suggested that alpha diversity could be used as a biomarker to predict the AD (Simpson, AUC= 0.769, P = 0.0001), MS (observed species, AUC= 0.737, P = 0.001), schizophrenia (Chao1, AUC = 0.739, P = 0.002). Conclusions Our review summarized the relationship between alpha diversity of the gut microbiota and neurological diseases. The alpha diversity of gut microbiota could be a promising predictor for AD, schizophrenia, and MS, but not for all neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liuyan Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Geriatrics Digestion Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiping Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Ping Cui
| | - Jiegang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Disease, Nanning, China
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Jiegang Huang
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jackson A, Engen PA, Forsyth CB, Shaikh M, Naqib A, Wilber S, Frausto DM, Raeisi S, Green SJ, Bradaric BD, Persons AL, Voigt RM, Keshavarzian A. Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in the Absence of Systemic Inflammation Fails to Exacerbate Motor Dysfunction and Brain Pathology in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2022; 13:882628. [PMID: 35665034 PMCID: PMC9159909 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.882628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. PD patients have systemic and neuroinflammation which is hypothesized to contribute to neurodegeneration. Recent studies highlight the importance of the gut-brain axis in PD pathogenesis and suggest that gut-derived inflammation can trigger and/or promote neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in PD. However, it is not clear whether microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, or intestinal inflammation (common features in PD patients) are primary drivers of disrupted gut-brain axis in PD that promote neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Objective To determine the role of microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and colonic inflammation in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a genetic rodent model of PD [α-synuclein overexpressing (ASO) mice]. Methods To distinguish the role of intestinal barrier dysfunction separate from inflammation, low dose (1%) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was administered in cycles for 52 days to ASO and control mice. The outcomes assessed included intestinal barrier integrity, intestinal inflammation, stool microbiome community, systemic inflammation, motor function, microglial activation, and dopaminergic neurons. Results Low dose DSS treatment caused intestinal barrier dysfunction (sugar test, histological analysis), intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, mild intestinal inflammation (colon shortening, elevated MPO), but it did not increase systemic inflammation (serum cytokines). However, DSS did not exacerbate motor dysfunction, neuroinflammation (microglial activation), or dopaminergic neuron loss in ASO mice. Conclusion Disruption of the intestinal barrier without overt intestinal inflammation is not associated with worsening of PD-like behavior and pathology in ASO mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeja Jackson
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Phillip A. Engen
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher B. Forsyth
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ankur Naqib
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dulce M. Frausto
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shohreh Raeisi
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stefan J. Green
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Brinda Desai Bradaric
- Bachelor of Science in Health Sciences Program, College of Health Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amanda L. Persons
- Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robin M. Voigt
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Medical College, Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Exploring the multifactorial aspects of Gut Microbiome in Parkinson's Disease. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:693-706. [PMID: 35583791 PMCID: PMC9526693 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Advanced research in health science has broadened our view in approaching and understanding the pathophysiology of diseases and has also revolutionised diagnosis and treatment. Ever since the establishment of Braak’s hypothesis in the propagation of alpha-synuclein from the distant olfactory and enteric nervous system towards the brain in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), studies have explored and revealed the involvement of altered gut microbiota in PD. This review recapitulates the gut microbiome associated with PD severity, duration, motor and non-motor symptoms, and antiparkinsonian treatment from recent literature. Gut microbial signatures in PD are potential predictors of the disease and are speculated to be used in early diagnosis and treatment. In brief, the review also emphasises on implications of the prebiotic, probiotic, faecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions as alternative treatments in modulating the disease symptoms in PD.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lubomski M, Xu X, Holmes AJ, Muller S, Yang JYH, Davis RL, Sue CM. The Gut Microbiome in Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Study of the Impacts on Disease Progression and the Use of Device-Assisted Therapies. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:875261. [PMID: 35656540 PMCID: PMC9152137 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.875261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered gut microbiome (GM) composition has been established in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, few studies have longitudinally investigated the GM in PD, or the impact of device-assisted therapies. Objectives To investigate the temporal stability of GM profiles from PD patients on standard therapies and those initiating device-assisted therapies (DAT) and define multivariate models of disease and progression. Methods We evaluated validated clinical questionnaires and stool samples from 74 PD patients and 74 household controls (HCs) at 0, 6, and 12 months. Faster or slower disease progression was defined from levodopa equivalence dose and motor severity measures. 19 PD patients initiating Deep Brain Stimulation or Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel were separately evaluated at 0, 6, and 12 months post-therapy initiation. Results Persistent underrepresentation of short-chain fatty-acid-producing bacteria, Butyricicoccus, Fusicatenibacter, Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003, were apparent in PD patients relative to controls. A sustained effect of DAT initiation on GM associations with PD was not observed. PD progression analysis indicated that the genus Barnesiella was underrepresented in faster progressing PD patients at t = 0 and t = 12 months. Two-stage predictive modeling, integrating microbiota abundances and nutritional profiles, improved predictive capacity (change in Area Under the Curve from 0.58 to 0.64) when assessed at Amplicon Sequence Variant taxonomic resolution. Conclusion We present longitudinal GM studies in PD patients, showing persistently altered GM profiles suggestive of a reduced butyrogenic production potential. DATs exerted variable GM influences across the short and longer-term. We found that specific GM profiles combined with dietary factors improved prediction of disease progression in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Lubomski
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiangnan Xu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Holmes
- The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Samuel Muller
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jean Y. H. Yang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan L. Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lubomski M, Xu X, Holmes AJ, Muller S, Yang JYH, Davis RL, Sue CM. Nutritional Intake and Gut Microbiome Composition Predict Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:881872. [PMID: 35645785 PMCID: PMC9131011 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.881872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Models to predict Parkinson's disease (PD) incorporating alterations of gut microbiome (GM) composition have been reported with varying success. Objective To assess the utility of GM compositional changes combined with macronutrient intake to develop a predictive model of PD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the GM and nutritional intake in 103 PD patients and 81 household controls (HCs). GM composition was determined by 16S amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region of bacterial ribosomal DNA isolated from stool. To determine multivariate disease-discriminant associations, we developed two models using Random Forest and support-vector machine (SVM) methodologies. Results Using updated taxonomic reference, we identified significant compositional differences in the GM profiles of PD patients in association with a variety of clinical PD characteristics. Six genera were overrepresented and eight underrepresented in PD patients relative to HCs, with the largest difference being overrepresentation of Lactobacillaceae at family taxonomic level. Correlation analyses highlighted multiple associations between clinical characteristics and select taxa, whilst constipation severity, physical activity and pharmacological therapies associated with changes in beta diversity. The random forest model of PD, incorporating taxonomic data at the genus level and carbohydrate contribution to total energy demonstrated the best predictive capacity [Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.74]. Conclusion The notable differences in GM diversity and composition when combined with clinical measures and nutritional data enabled the development of a predictive model to identify PD. These findings support the combination of GM and nutritional data as a potentially useful biomarker of PD to improve diagnosis and guide clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Lubomski
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiangnan Xu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samuel Muller
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jean Y. H. Yang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney Precision Bioinformatics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan L. Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brandau L, Weis S, Weyland M, Berger FK, Schnell S, Schäfer KH, Egert M. RNA-based stable isotope probing provides no indication for rapid α-synuclein assimilation by murine gut bacteria. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:acmi000345. [PMID: 36003361 PMCID: PMC9394525 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson’s disease (PD), α-synuclein is a key protein in the process of neurodegeneration. Besides motor symptoms, most PD patients additionally suffer from gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunctions, even several years before the onset of motor disabilities. Studies have reported a dysbiosis of gut bacteria in PD patients compared to healthy controls and have suggested that the enteric nervous system (ENS) can be involved in the development of the disease. As α-synuclein was found to be secreted by neurons of the ENS, we used RNA-based stable isotope probing (RNA-SIP) to identify gut bacteria that might be able to assimilate this protein. The gut contents of 24 mice were pooled and incubated with isotopically labelled (13C) and unlabelled (12C) α-synuclein. After incubation for 0, 4 and 24 h, RNA was extracted from the incubations and separated by density gradient centrifugation. However, RNA quantification of density-resolved fractions revealed no incorporation of the 13C isotope into the extracted RNA, suggesting that α-synuclein was not assimilated by the murine gut bacteria. Potential reasons and consequences for follow-up-studies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Brandau
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Severin Weis
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Weyland
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, Amerikastraße 1, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Fabian K. Berger
- German National Reference Centre for Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile, Homburg/Saar-Münster-Coesfeld, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Kirrberger Straße 100, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, Amerikastraße 1, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Egert
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jeitler M, Michalsen A, Schwiertz A, Kessler CS, Koppold-Liebscher D, Grasme J, Kandil FI, Steckhan N. Effects of a Supplement Containing a Cranberry Extract on Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections and Intestinal Microbiota: A Prospective, Uncontrolled Exploratory Study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:399-406. [PMID: 35285701 PMCID: PMC9127832 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) are traditionally used in prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The authors' aim was to evaluate effects of a supplement containing cranberry extract, pumpkin seed extract, vitamin C, and vitamin B2 on recurrent uncomplicated UTIs in women and their intestinal microbiota. Methods: A prospective, uncontrolled exploratory study was conducted in women with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs. The primary exploratory outcome was the number of UTIs in a 6-month prospective observation period compared with a 6-month retrospective period. Further outcomes included number of antibiotics, quality of life (SF-36), intestinal microbiota (assessed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing), and evaluation questions. Parameters were assessed at baseline and after 1, 2, and 7 months (start of intake of cranberry supplement after 1 month for 6 months). p-Values were calculated with the pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test for α diversity and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Twenty-three women (aged 52.7 ± 12.4 years) were included in the study. Participants reported 2.2 ± 0.8 UTIs (at baseline) in the previous 6 months. After 6 months of cranberry intake, participants reported a significant decrease to 0.5 ± 0.9 UTIs (p < 0.001). Number of antibiotic therapies was also significantly (p < 0.001) reduced by 68% during 6 months of cranberry intake (0.14 ± 0.35) when compared with 6 months retrospectively (1.14 ± 0.71). The SF-36 physical component score increased from 44.9 ± 5.5 at baseline to 45.7 ± 4.6 at 7 months (p = 0.16). The SF-36 mental component score decreased slightly from the baseline value of 46.5 ± 6.5 to 46.2 ± 6.4 at 7 months (p = 0.74). No significant intragroup mean changes at genus, family, or species level for α and β diversity within the intestinal microbiota were found. In the evaluation questions, participants rated the cranberry extract positively and considered it beneficial. The supplement intake was safe. Conclusions: This study shows that women with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs benefit from cranberry intake. Future larger clinical studies with further investigation of the mechanisms of action are required to determine the effects of cranberries on participants with uncomplicated UTIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian S. Kessler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Koppold-Liebscher
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Grasme
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Farid I. Kandil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nico Steckhan
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang Y, He X, Qian Y, Xu S, Mo C, Yan Z, Yang X, Xiao Q. Plasma branched-chain and aromatic amino acids correlate with the gut microbiota and severity of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:48. [PMID: 35449203 PMCID: PMC9023571 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances of circulating amino acids have been demonstrated in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there have been no consistent results for branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs), and related factors have not been explored. We aimed to explore plasma BCAA and AAA profiles in PD patients, and identify their correlations with clinical characteristics and the gut microbiota. Plasma BCAA (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and AAA (tyrosine and phenylalanine) levels were measured in 106 PD patients and 114 controls. Fecal samples were collected from PD patients for microbiota sequencing and functional analysis. We found that plasma BCAAs and tyrosine were decreased in PD patients. BCAAs and AAAs were correlated with clinical characteristics and microbial taxa, and, in particular, they were negatively correlated with the Hoehn and Yahr stage. Compared with early PD patients, BCAA and AAA levels were even lower, and microbial composition was altered in advanced PD patients. Predictive functional analysis indicated that predicted genes numbers involved in BCAA biosynthesis were lower in advanced PD patients. What’s more, the fecal abundances of critical genes (ilvB, ilvC, ilvD, and ilvN) involved in BCAA biosynthesis were reduced and fecal BCAA concentrations were lower in advanced PD patients. In conclusion, the disturbances of plasma BCAAs and AAAs in PD patients may be related to the gut microbiota and exacerbated with PD severity. The microbial amino acid metabolism may serve as a potential mechanistic link.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Qian
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjun Mo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Guo Y, Zhu G, Wang F, Zhang H, Chen X, Mao Y, Lv Y, Xia F, Jin Y, Ding G, Yu J. Distinct Serum and Fecal Metabolite Profiles Linking With Gut Microbiome in Older Adults With Frailty. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:827174. [PMID: 35479954 PMCID: PMC9035822 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.827174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a critical aging-related syndrome but the underlying metabolic mechanism remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers and reveal potential mechanisms of frailty based on the integrated analysis of metabolome and gut microbiome. In this study, twenty subjects consisted of five middle-aged adults and fifteen older adults, of which fifteen older subjects were divided into three groups: non-frail, pre-frail, and frail, with five subjects in each group. The presence of frailty, pre-frailty, or non-frailty was established according to the physical frailty phenotype (PFP). We applied non-targeted metabolomics to serum and feces samples and used 16S rDNA gene sequencing to detect the fecal microbiome. The associations between metabolites and gut microbiota were analyzed by the Spearman’s correlation analysis. Serum metabolic shifts in frailty mainly included fatty acids and derivatives, carbohydrates, and monosaccharides. Most of the metabolites belonging to these classes increased in the serum of frail older adults. Propylparaben was found to gradually decrease in non-frail, pre-frail, and frail older adults. Distinct changes in fecal metabolite profiles and gut microbiota were also found among middle-aged adults, non-frail and frail older subjects. The relative abundance of Faecalibacteriu, Roseburia, and Fusicatenibacter decreased while the abundance of Parabacteroides and Bacteroides increased in frailty. The above altered microbes were associated with the changed serum metabolites in frailty, which included dodecanedioic acid, D-ribose, D-(-)-mannitol, creatine and indole, and their related fecal metabolites. The changed microbiome and related metabolites may be used as the biomarkers of frailty and is worthy of further mechanistic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Yancheng City No. 1 People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Guoqin Zhu
- Division of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengliang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Human Biology Undergraduate, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xin Chen
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Lv
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxian Ding
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Guoxian Ding,
| | - Jing Yu
- Division of Geriatric Endocrinology, Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fu SC, Lee CH, Hsieh YC, Wu PH, Lin SH, Wang H. A Pilot Study Exploring the Association of Entacapone, Gut Microbiota, and the Subsequent Side Effects in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:837019. [PMID: 35463646 PMCID: PMC9022099 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.837019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Entacapone, one of the most common drugs distributed among patients with Parkinson’s disease, is a peripherally acting catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor that is used in addition to levodopa to control symptoms. However, there have been negative effects reported against entacapone, namely, gastrointestinal (GI) problems and drowsiness. In this pilot study, we aim to examine the hypothesis that the discomfort induced by entacapone might be originated from the shift of microbial composition by adjusting the effect of levodopa. Methods The population in this pilot study consisted of 13 PD patients treated with levodopa only and 11 with both levodopa and entacapone. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data were processed, aligned, and categorized using the DADA2. Alpha diversity indices for Observed, Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson metrics were calculated with Phyloseq 1.32.0. Dissimilarities were calculated using unweighted unique fraction metrics (Unifrac), weighted Unifrac, and Canberra distance. Functional differences were calculated by PICRUSt2 based on the KEGG database. Results Results of 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that while entacapone did not influence the species richness, the composition of the microbial community shifted considerably. Relative abundances of bacteria related to constipation and other GI disorders also altered significantly. Functional enrichment analysis revealed changes in the metabolic activity of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate. These amino acids are related to common side effects of entacapone such as auditory hallucinations, fatigue, and nightmare. Conclusion Our findings provide testable hypothesis on the cause of unpleasant side effects of entacapone, which in the long run could possibly be reduced through gut microbiota manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chen Fu
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Lee
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Hsieh
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hua Wu
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Data Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Sheng-Hsuan Lin, ; Hsiuying Wang,
| | - Hsiuying Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Sheng-Hsuan Lin, ; Hsiuying Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shannon KM. Gut-Derived Sterile Inflammation and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2022; 13:831090. [PMID: 35422756 PMCID: PMC9001909 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.831090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown, but evidence is increasing that there is a prominent inflammatory component to the illness. Epidemiological, genetic, and preclinical evidence support a role for gut-derived sterile inflammation. Pro-inflammatory bacteria are over-represented in the PD gut microbiota. There is evidence for decreased gut barrier function and leak of bacterial antigen across the gut epithelium with sub-mucosal inflammation and systemic exposure to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. Preclinical evidence supports these clinical findings and suggests that systemic inflammation can affect the CNS through vagal pathways or the systemic circulation. We will review recent preclinical and clinical evidence to support this mechanism and suggest possible treatments directed at the gut-brain axis.
Collapse
|
48
|
Warnecke T, Schäfer KH, Claus I, Del Tredici K, Jost WH. Gastrointestinal involvement in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:31. [PMID: 35332158 PMCID: PMC8948218 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests an increasing significance for the extent of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD). Most patients suffer from GIT symptoms, including dysphagia, sialorrhea, bloating, nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis, and constipation during the disease course. The underlying pathomechanisms of this α-synucleinopathy play an important role in disease development and progression, i.e., early accumulation of Lewy pathology in the enteric and central nervous systems is implicated in pharyngeal discoordination, esophageal and gastric motility/peristalsis impairment, chronic pain, altered intestinal permeability and autonomic dysfunction of the colon, with subsequent constipation. Severe complications, including malnutrition, dehydration, insufficient drug effects, aspiration pneumonia, intestinal obstruction, and megacolon, frequently result in hospitalization. Sophisticated diagnostic tools are now available that permit more detailed examination of specific GIT impairment patterns. Furthermore, novel treatment approaches have been evaluated, although high-level evidence trials are often missing. Finally, the burgeoning literature devoted to the GIT microbiome reveals its importance for neurologists. We review current knowledge about GIT pathoanatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment in PD and provide recommendations for management in daily practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Warnecke
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - K-H Schäfer
- Research and Transfer Working Group Enteric Nervous System (AGENS), University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Campus Zweibrücken, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - I Claus
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - K Del Tredici
- Clinical Neuroanatomy, Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - W H Jost
- Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, 77709, Wolfach, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yuan X, Chen B, Duan Z, Xia Z, Ding Y, Chen T, Liu H, Wang B, Yang B, Wang X, Liu S, Zhou JY, Liu Y, Wang Q, Shen Z, Xiao J, Shang H, Liu W, Shi G, Zhu L, Chen Y. Depression and anxiety in patients with active ulcerative colitis: crosstalk of gut microbiota, metabolomics and proteomics. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1987779. [PMID: 34806521 PMCID: PMC8632339 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1987779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a high prevalence of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Gut microbiota imbalance and disturbed metabolism have been suggested to play an important role in either UC or mental disorders. However, little is known about their detailed multi-omics characteristics in patients with UC and depression/anxiety. In this prospective observational study, 240 Chinese patients were enrolled, including 129 patients with active UC (69 in Phase 1 and 60 in Phase 2; divided into depression/non-depression or anxiety/non-anxiety groups), 49 patients with depression and anxiety (non-UC), and 62 healthy people. The gut microbiota of all subjects was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The serum metabolome and proteome of patients with UC in Phase 2 were analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Associations between multi-omics were evaluated by correlation analysis. The prophylactic effect of candidate metabolites on the depressive-like behavior of mice with colitis was investigated. In total, 58% of patients with active UC had depression, while 50% had anxiety. Compared to patients with UC without depression/anxiety, patients with UC and depression/anxiety had lower fecal microbial community richness and diversity, with more Lactobacillales, Sellimonas, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus but less Prevotella_9 and Lachnospira. Most metabolites (e.g., glycochenodeoxycholate) were increased in the serum, while few metabolites, including 2'-deoxy-D-ribose and L-pipecolic acid, were decreased, accompanied by a general reduction in immunoglobulin proteins. These related bacteria, metabolites, and proteins were highly connected. A prophylactic administration of 2'-deoxy-D-ribose and L-pipecolic acid significantly reduced the depressive-like behaviors in mice with colitis and alleviated the inflammatory cytokine levels in their colon, blood and brain. This study has identified a comprehensive multi-omics network related to depression and anxiety in active UC. It is composed of a certain set of gut microbiota, metabolites, and proteins, which are potential targets for clinical intervention for patients with UC and depression/anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yuan
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Biqing Chen
- Central Laboratory/Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Zhenglan Duan
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ziqian Xia
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tuo Chen
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Huize Liu
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Baosheng Wang
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Bolin Yang
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- Centre of Brain Disease, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Central Laboratory/Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Zhaofeng Shen
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Hongtao Shang
- Medical Examination Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Medical Examination Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing,Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Guoping Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China,Guoping Shi Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.China,Lei Zhu Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yugen Chen
- Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China,CONTACT Yugen Chen Department of Colon and Rectum Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu210029, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Antinozzi M, Giffi M, Sini N, Gallè F, Valeriani F, De Vito C, Liguori G, Romano Spica V, Cattaruzza MS. Cigarette Smoking and Human Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020510. [PMID: 35203720 PMCID: PMC8962244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a crucial regulator of human health and disease because of its interactions with the immune system. Tobacco smoke also influences the human ecosystem with implications for disease development. This systematic review aims to analyze the available evidence, until June 2021, on the relationship between traditional and/or electronic cigarette smoking and intestinal microbiota in healthy human adults. Of the 2645 articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, 13 were included in the review. Despite differences in design, quality, and participants’ characteristics, most of the studies reported a reduction in bacterial species diversity, and decreased variability indices in smokers’ fecal samples. At the phylum or genus level, the results are very mixed on bacterial abundance both in smokers and non-smokers with two exceptions. Prevotella spp. appears significantly increased in smokers and former smokers but not in electronic cigarette users, while Proteobacteria showed a progressive increase in Desulfovibrio with the number of pack-years of cigarette (p = 0.001) and an increase in Alphaproteobacteria (p = 0.04) in current versus never smokers. This attempt to systematically characterize the effects of tobacco smoking on the composition of gut microbiota gives new perspectives on future research in smoking cessation and on a new possible use of probiotics to contrast smoke-related dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Antinozzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Monica Giffi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Nicolò Sini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Federica Valeriani
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Romano Spica
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Roma, Italy;
| | - Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|