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Kuppusamy SK, Mizuno A, Kämmerer L, Salamon S, Heinrich B, Bailly C, Šalitroš I, Wende H, Ruben M. Lattice solvent- and substituent-dependent spin-crossover in isomeric iron(II) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38826041 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Spin-state switching in iron(II) complexes composed of ligands featuring moderate ligand-field strength-for example, 2,6-bi(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (BPP)-is dependent on many factors. Herein, we show that spin-state switching in isomeric iron(II) complexes composed of BPP-based ligands-ethyl 2,6-bis(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)isonicotinate (BPP-COOEt, L1) and (2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-4-yl)methylacetate (BPP-CH2OCOMe, L2)-is dependent on the nature of the substituent at the BPP skeleton. Bi-stable spin-state switching-with a thermal hysteresis width (ΔT1/2) of 44 K and switching temperature (T1/2) = 298 K in the first cycle-is observed for complex 1·CH3CN composed of L1 and BF4- counter anions. Conversely, the solvent-free isomeric counterpart of 1·CH3CN-complex 2a, composed of L2 and BF4- counter anions-was trapped in the high-spin (HS) state. For one of the polymorphs of complex 2b·CH3CN-2b·CH3CN-Y, Y denotes yellow colour of the crystals-composed of L2 and ClO4- counter anions, a gradual and non-hysteretic SCO is observed with T1/2 = 234 K. Complexes 1·CH3CN and 2b·CH3CN-Y also underwent light-induced spin-state switching at 5 K due to the light-induced excited spin-state trapping (LIESST) effect. Structures of the low-spin (LS) and HS forms of complex 1·CH3CN revealed that spin-state switching goes hand-in-hand with pronounced distortion of the trans-N{pyridyl}-Fe-N{pyridyl} angle (ϕ), whereas such distortion is not observed for 2b·CH3CN-Y. This observation points that distortion is one of the factors making the spin-state switching of 1·CH3CN hysteretic in the solid state. The observation of bi-stable spin-state switching with T1/2 centred at room temperature for 1·CH3CN indicates that technologically relevant spin-state switching profiles based on mononuclear iron(II) complexes can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Asato Mizuno
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lea Kämmerer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Lotharstraße 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Soma Salamon
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Lotharstraße 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23, rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie Le Bel UAR2042 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP 296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Ivan Šalitroš
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Heiko Wende
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Lotharstraße 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie, Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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2
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Doeven EH, Connell TU, Sinha N, Wenger OS, Francis PS. Electrochemiluminescence of a First-Row d 6 Transition Metal Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319047. [PMID: 38519420 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
We report the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of a 3d6 Cr(0) complex ([Cr(LMes)3]; λem=735 nm) with comparable photophysical properties to those of ECL-active complexes of 4d6 or 5d6 precious metal ions. The electrochemical potentials of [Cr(LMes)3] are more negative than those of [Ir(ppy)3] and render the [Cr(LMes)3]* excited state inaccessible through conventional co-reactant ECL with tri-n-propylamine or oxalate. ECL can be obtained, however, through the annihilation route in which potentials sufficient to oxidise and reduce the luminophore are alternately applied. When combined with [Ir(ppy)3] (λem=520 nm), the annihilation ECL of [Cr(LMes)3] was greatly enhanced whereas that of [Ir(ppy)3] was diminished. Under appropriate conditions, the relative intensities of the two spectrally distinct emissions can be controlled through the applied potentials. From this starting point for ECL with 3d6 metal complexes, we discuss some directions for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egan H Doeven
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Timothy U Connell
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi Kamand, Mandi, 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul S Francis
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
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3
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Zakrzewski J, Liberka M, Wang J, Chorazy S, Ohkoshi SI. Optical Phenomena in Molecule-Based Magnetic Materials. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5930-6050. [PMID: 38687182 PMCID: PMC11082909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Since the last century, we have witnessed the development of molecular magnetism which deals with magnetic materials based on molecular species, i.e., organic radicals and metal complexes. Among them, the broadest attention was devoted to molecule-based ferro-/ferrimagnets, spin transition materials, including those exploring electron transfer, molecular nanomagnets, such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs), molecular qubits, and stimuli-responsive magnetic materials. Their physical properties open the application horizons in sensors, data storage, spintronics, and quantum computation. It was found that various optical phenomena, such as thermochromism, photoswitching of magnetic and optical characteristics, luminescence, nonlinear optical and chiroptical effects, as well as optical responsivity to external stimuli, can be implemented into molecule-based magnetic materials. Moreover, the fruitful interactions of these optical effects with magnetism in molecule-based materials can provide new physical cross-effects and multifunctionality, enriching the applications in optical, electronic, and magnetic devices. This Review aims to show the scope of optical phenomena generated in molecule-based magnetic materials, including the recent advances in such areas as high-temperature photomagnetism, optical thermometry utilizing SMMs, optical addressability of molecular qubits, magneto-chiral dichroism, and opto-magneto-electric multifunctionality. These findings are discussed in the context of the types of optical phenomena accessible for various classes of molecule-based magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub
J. Zakrzewski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Lojasiewicza
11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Liberka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Lojasiewicza
11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Junhao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tonnodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Szymon Chorazy
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Shin-ichi Ohkoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, The University
of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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4
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Zahn C, Pastore M, Lustres JLP, Gros PC, Haacke S, Heyne K. Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy Resolving the Multiplicity of High-Spin Crossover States in Transition Metal Iron Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9347-9355. [PMID: 38520392 PMCID: PMC10995999 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Tuning the photophysical properties of iron-based transition-metal complexes is crucial for their employment as photosensitizers in solar energy conversion. For the optimization of these new complexes, a detailed understanding of the excited-state deactivation paths is necessary. Here, we report femtosecond transient mid-IR spectroscopy data on a recently developed octahedral ligand-field enhancing [Fe(dqp)2]2+ (C1) complex with dqp = 2,6-diquinolylpyridine and prototypical [Fe(bpy)3]2+ (C0). By combining mid-IR spectroscopy with quantum chemical DFT calculations, we propose a method for disentangling the 5Q1 and 3T1 multiplicities of the long-lived metal-centered (MC) states, applicable to a variety of metal-organic iron complexes. Our results for C0 align well with the established assignment toward the 5Q1, validating our approach. For C1, we find that deactivation of the initially excited metal-to-ligand charge-transfer state leads to a population of a long-lived MC 5Q1 state. Analysis of transient changes in the mid-IR shows an ultrafast sub 200 fs rearrangement of ligand geometry for both complexes, accompanying the MLCT → MC deactivation. This confirms that the flexibility in the ligand sphere supports the stabilization of high spin states and plays a crucial role in the MLCT lifetime of metal-organic iron complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Zahn
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - J. Luis Perez Lustres
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Haacke
- Université
de Strasbourg—CNRS, IPCMS, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Karsten Heyne
- Department
of Physics, Free University Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Wang L, Nughays R, Rossi TC, Oppermann M, Ogieglo W, Bian T, Shih CH, Guo TF, Pinnau I, Yin J, Bakr OM, Mohammed OF, Chergui M. Disentangling Thermal from Electronic Contributions in the Spectral Response of Photoexcited Perovskite Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5393-5401. [PMID: 38359303 PMCID: PMC10910496 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Disentangling electronic and thermal effects in photoexcited perovskite materials is crucial for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications but remains a challenge due to their intertwined nature in both the time and energy domains. In this study, we employed temperature-dependent variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, density functional theory calculations, and broadband transient absorption spectroscopy spanning the visible to mid-to-deep-ultraviolet (UV) ranges on MAPbBr3 thin films. The use of deep-UV detection opens a new spectral window that enables the exploration of high-energy excitations at various symmetry points within the Brillouin zone, facilitating an understanding of the ultrafast responses of the UV bands and the underlying mechanisms governing them. Our investigation reveals that the photoinduced spectral features remarkably resemble those generated by pure lattice heating, and we disentangle the relative thermal and electronic contributions and their evolutions at different delay times using combinations of decay-associated spectra and temperature-induced differential absorption. The results demonstrate that the photoinduced transients possess a significant thermal origin and cannot be attributed solely to electronic effects. Following photoexcitation, as carriers (electrons and holes) transfer their energy to the lattice, the thermal contribution increases from ∼15% at 1 ps to ∼55% at 500 ps and subsequently decreases to ∼35-50% at 1 ns. These findings elucidate the intricate energy exchange between charge carriers and the lattice in photoexcited perovskite materials and provide insights into the limited utilization efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Wang
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Nughays
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas C. Rossi
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Malte Oppermann
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Ogieglo
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tieyuan Bian
- Department
of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Shih
- Department
of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan ROC
| | - Tzung-Fang Guo
- Department
of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Yin
- Department
of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Osman M. Bakr
- KAUST
Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar F. Mohammed
- Advanced
Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- KAUST
Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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6
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Pál D, Lacour J. Pfeiffer effect on configurationally labile dyes within ternary complexes with metal ions and enantiopure macrocycles. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2665-2669. [PMID: 38224291 PMCID: PMC10845008 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04098d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A configurationally-labile helical dye, 2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluorenone oximate, is used to probe complexes made of enantiopure macrocycles and mono/divalent metal ions. Induced electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and 1H NMR responses are amplified at room temperature only in the presence of K+ and Na+ ions despite larger binding efficiency with alkaline earth metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Pál
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Lindh L, Pascher T, Persson S, Goriya Y, Wärnmark K, Uhlig J, Chábera P, Persson P, Yartsev A. Multifaceted Deactivation Dynamics of Fe(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Photosensitizers. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:10210-10222. [PMID: 38000043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Excited state dynamics of three iron(II) carbene complexes that serve as prototype Earth-abundant photosensitizers were investigated by ultrafast optical spectroscopy. Significant differences in the dynamics between the investigated complexes down to femtosecond time scales are used to characterize fundamental differences in the depopulation of triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) excited states in the presence of energetically accessible triplet metal-centered (3MC) states. Novel insights into the full deactivation cascades of the investigated complexes include evidence of the need to revise the deactivation model for a prominent iron carbene prototype complex, a refined understanding of complex 3MC dynamics, and a quantitative discrimination between activated and barrierless deactivation steps along the 3MLCT → 3MC → 1GS path. Overall, the study provides an improved understanding of photophysical limitations and opportunities for the use of iron(II)-based photosensitizers in photochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Lindh
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Division of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Pascher
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Samuel Persson
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis (CAS), Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yogesh Goriya
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis (CAS), Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis (CAS), Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens Uhlig
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Division of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Arkady Yartsev
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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8
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Shi Y, Li J, Cui C, Wu G, Cheng T. Influence of ligand variation on the deactivation process of metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited states in quadruply bonded dimolybdenum complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32364-32371. [PMID: 37990808 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03679k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
To explore the dynamics of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states involving covalently bonded dimetal units, a series of quadruply bonded dimolybdenum (Mo2) complexes, namely, [Mo2]-ph, [Mo2]-naph, and [Mo2]-anth, were synthesized and characterized. Our investigations reveal a non-radiative process associated with the deactivation of the MLCT state into a low-lying dimetal-centered triplet state (3Mo2-δδ*), resulting in the populated MLCT states in these molecular systems exhibiting either extremely weak emission or being non-emissive. The influence of ligand variation on the dynamics of MLCT states was examined using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, with deactivation time constants determined to be 1.9 ps for [Mo2]-ph, 6.5 ps for [Mo2]-naph, and 49 ps for [Mo2]-anth. This electron transfer behaviour follows an inverse energy-gap law, contrary to the general guideline that applies to the decay of the MLCT state back to the electronic ground state. This result offers valuable insights into understanding the photochemical and photophysical properties of covalently bonded dimetal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China.
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China.
| | - Can Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China.
| | - Guanzhi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Tao Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China.
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9
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Sinha N, Wegeberg C, Häussinger D, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Photoredox-active Cr(0) luminophores featuring photophysical properties competitive with Ru(II) and Os(II) complexes. Nat Chem 2023; 15:1730-1736. [PMID: 37580444 PMCID: PMC10695827 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Coordination complexes of precious metals with the d6 valence electron configuration such as Ru(II), Os(II) and Ir(III) are used for lighting applications, solar energy conversion and photocatalysis. Until now, d6 complexes made from abundant first-row transition metals with competitive photophysical and photochemical properties have been elusive. While previous research efforts focused mostly on Fe(II), we disclose that isoelectronic Cr(0) gives access to higher photoluminescence quantum yields and excited-state lifetimes when compared with any other first-row d6 metal complex reported so far. The luminescence behaviour of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited states of these Cr(0) complexes is competitive with Os(II) polypyridines. With these Cr(0) complexes, the metal-to-ligand charge transfer states of first-row d6 metal complexes become exploitable in photoredox catalysis, and benchmark chemical reductions proceed efficiently under low-energy red illumination. Here we demonstrate that appropriate molecular design strategies open up new perspectives for photophysics and photochemistry with abundant first-row d6 metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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10
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Kaushik K, Mehta S, Das M, Ghosh S, Kamilya S, Mondal A. Stimuli-responsive magnetic materials: impact of spin and electronic modulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13107-13124. [PMID: 37846652 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04268e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Addressing molecular bistability as a function of external stimuli, especially in spin-crossover (SCO) and metal-to-metal electron transfer (MMET) systems, has seen a surge of interest in the field of molecule-based magnetic materials due to their enormous potential in various technological applications such as molecular spintronics, memory and electronic devices, switches, sensors, and many more. The fine-tuning of molecular components allow the design and synthesis of materials with tailored properties for these vast applications. In this Feature Article, we discuss a part of our research work into this broad topic, pertaining to the recent discoveries in the field of switchable molecular magnetic materials based on SCO and MMET systems, along with some historical background of the area and related accomplishments made in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kaushik
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Sakshi Mehta
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Mayurika Das
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Sounak Ghosh
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Sujit Kamilya
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Abhishake Mondal
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C V Raman Road, Bangalore 560012, India.
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11
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Fiechter MR, Svoboda V, Wörner HJ. Theoretical study of time-resolved photoelectron circular dichroism in the photodissociation of a chiral molecule. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2023; 10:064103. [PMID: 38107245 PMCID: PMC10725305 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), the forward-backward asymmetry of the photoelectron angular distribution when ionizing randomly oriented chiral molecules with circularly polarized light, is an established method to investigate chiral properties of molecules in their electronic ground state. Here, we develop a computational strategy for predicting time-resolved PECD (TRPECD) of chemical reactions and demonstrate the method on the photodissociation of 1-iodo-2-methylbutane. Our approach combines multi-configurational quantum-chemical calculations of the relevant potential-energy surfaces of the neutral and singly ionized molecule with ab initio molecular-dynamics (AIMD) calculations. The PECD parameters along the AIMD trajectories are calculated with the aid of electron-molecule scattering calculations based on the Schwinger variational principle implemented in ePolyScat. Our calculations have been performed for two probe wavelengths (133 and 160 nm) accessible through low-order harmonic generation in gases. Our results show that the TRPECD is a highly sensitive probe of photochemical reaction dynamics. Most interestingly, the TRPECD is found to change sign multiple times along the photodissociation coordinate, in agreement with recent experiments on CHBrFI [Svoboda et al., "Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical reactions," Sci. Adv. 8, eabq2811 (2022)]. The computational protocol introduced in the present work is general and readily applicable to other chiral photochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit R. Fiechter
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Sarkar A, Hermes MR, Cramer CJ, Anderson JS, Gagliardi L. Understanding Antiferromagnetic and Ligand Field Effects on Spin Crossover in a Triple-Decker Dimeric Cr(II) Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22394-22402. [PMID: 37788432 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Two possible explanations for the temperature dependence of spin-crossover (SCO) behavior in the dimeric triple-decker Cr(II) complex ([(η5-C5Me5)Cr(μ2:η5-P5)Cr(η5-C5Me5)]+) have been offered. One invokes variations in antiferromagnetic interactions between the two Cr(II) ions, whereas the other posits the development of a strong ligand-field effect favoring the low-spin ground state. We perform multireference electronic structure calculations based on the multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory to resolve these effects. We find quintet, triplet, and singlet electronic ground states, respectively, for the experimental geometries at high, intermediate, and low temperatures. The ground-state transition from quintet to triplet at an intermediate temperature derives from increased antiferromagnetic interactions between the two Cr(II) ions. By contrast, the ground-state transition from triplet to singlet at low temperature can be attributed to increased ligand-field effects, which dominate with continued variations in antiferromagnetic coupling. This study provides quantitative detail for the degree to which these two effects can act in concert for the observed SCO behavior in this complex and others subject to temperature-dependent variations in geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Matthew R Hermes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- UL Research Institutes, 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60062, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, James Franck Institute, Director of the Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637,United States
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Alías-Rodríguez M, Bhattacharyya S, Huix-Rotllant M. Ultrafast Spin Crossover Photochemical Mechanism in [Fe II(2,2'-bipyridine) 3] 2+] Revealed by Quantum Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8571-8576. [PMID: 37725036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation of [FeII(2,2'-bipyridine)3]2+ induces a subpicosecond spin crossover transformation from a low-spin singlet to a high-spin quintet state. The mechanism involves metal-centered (MC) and metal-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) triplet intermediates, but their individual contributions to this efficient intersystem crossing have been object of debate. Employing quantum wavepacket dynamics, we show that MC triplets are catalyzing the transfer to the high-spin state. This photochemical pathway is made possible thanks to bipyridine stretching vibrations, facilitating the conversion between the MLCT bands to such MC triplets. We show that the lifetime of the MLCT states can be increased to tens of picoseconds by breaking the conjugation between pyridine units, which increases the energetic gap between MLCT and MC states. This opens the route for the design of new chelating ligands inducing long-lived MLCT states in iron complexes.
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Paschelke T, Trumpf E, Grantz D, Pankau M, Grocholski N, Näther C, Sönnichsen FD, McConnell AJ. Tuning the spin-crossover properties of FeII4L 6 cages via the interplay of coordination motif and linker modifications. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12789-12795. [PMID: 37615965 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01569f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing number of spin-crossover FeII-based cages, the interplay between ligand modifications (e.g. coordination motif substituents and linker) is not well-understood in these multinuclear systems, limiting rational design. Here, we report a family of FeII4L6 spin-crossover cages based on 2,2'-pyridylbenzimidazoles where subtle ligand modifications lowered the spin crossover temperature in CD3CN by up to 186 K. Comparing pairs of cages, CH3 substituents on either the coordination motif or phenylene linker lowered the spin-crossover temperature by 48 K, 91 K or 186 K, attributed to electronic effects, steric effects and a combination of both, respectively. The understanding of the interplay between ligand modifications gained from this study could be harnessed on the path towards the improved rational design of spin-crossover cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Paschelke
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Eicke Trumpf
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - David Grantz
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Malte Pankau
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Niclas Grocholski
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Anna J McConnell
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, Kiel 24098, Germany
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Ress L, Malý P, Landgraf JB, Lindorfer D, Hofer M, Selby J, Lambert C, Renger T, Brixner T. Time-resolved circular dichroism of excitonic systems: theory and experiment on an exemplary squaraine polymer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9328-9349. [PMID: 37712031 PMCID: PMC10498725 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01674a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical foundations for femtosecond time-resolved circular dichroism (TRCD) spectroscopy of excitonic systems are presented. In this method, the system is pumped with linearly polarized light and the signal is defined as the difference between the transient absorption spectrum probed with left and with right circularly polarized light. We present a new experimental setup with a polarization grating as key element to generate circularly polarized pulses. Herein the positive (negative) first order of the diffracted light is left-(right-)circularly polarized and serves as a probe pulse in a TRCD experiment. The grating is capable of transferring ultrashort broadband pulses ranging from 470 nm to 720 nm into two separate beams with opposite ellipticity. By applying a specific chopping scheme we can switch between left and right circular polarizations and detect transient absorption (TA) and TRCD spectra on a shot-to-shot basis simultaneously. We perform experiments on a squaraine polymer, investigating excitonic dynamics, and we develop a general theory for TRCD experiments of excitonically coupled systems that we then apply to describe the experimental data in this particular example. At a magic angle of 54.7° between the pump-pulse polarization and the propagation direction of the probe pulse, the TRCD and TA signals become particularly simple to analyze, since the orientational average over random orientations of complexes factorizes into that of the interaction with the pump and the probe pulse, and the intrinsic electric quadrupole contributions to the TRCD signal average to zero for isotropic samples. Application of exciton theory to linear absorption and to linear circular dichroism spectra of squaraine polymers reveals the presence of two fractions of polymer conformations, a dominant helical conformation with close interpigment distances that are suggested to lead to short-range contributions to site energy shifts and excitonic couplings of the squaraine molecules, and a fraction of unfolded random coils. Theory demonstrates that TRCD spectra of selectively excited helices can resolve state populations that are practically invisible in TA spectroscopy due to the small dipole strength of these states. A qualitative interpretation of TRCD and TA spectra in the spectral window investigated experimentally is offered. The 1 ps time component found in these spectra is related to the slow part of exciton relaxation obtained between states of the helix in the low-energy half of the exciton manifold. The dominant 140 ps time constant reflects the decay of excited states to the electronic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ress
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Pavel Malý
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Ke Karlovu 5 121 16 Praha 2 Czech Republic
| | - Jann B Landgraf
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Universität Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Dominik Lindorfer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Michael Hofer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Joshua Selby
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thomas Renger
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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16
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Meng K, Guo L, Sun X. Strategies and applications of generating spin polarization in organic semiconductors. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1132-1154. [PMID: 37424331 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The advent of spintronics has undoubtedly revolutionized data storage, processing, and sensing applications. Organic semiconductors (OSCs), characterized by long spin relaxation times (>μs) and abundant spin-dependent properties, have emerged as promising materials for advanced spintronic applications. To successfully implement spin-related functions in organic spintronic devices, the four fundamental processes of spin generation, transport, manipulation, and detection form the main building blocks and are commonly in demand. Thereinto, the effective generation of spin polarization in OSCs is a precondition, but in practice, this has not been an easy task. In this context, considerable efforts have been made on this topic, covering novel materials systems, spin-dependent theories, and device fabrication technologies. In this review, we underline recent advances in external spin injection and organic property-induced spin polarization, according to the distinction between the sources of spin polarization. We focused mainly on summarizing and discussing both the physical mechanism and representative research on spin generation in OSCs, especially for various spin injection methods, organic magnetic materials, the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, and the spinterface effect. Finally, the challenges and prospects that allow this topic to continue to be dynamic were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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Changenet P, Hache F. Artifact-free balanced detection for the measurement of circular dichroism with a sub-picosecond time resolution. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:21296-21310. [PMID: 37381232 DOI: 10.1364/oe.489468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the development of a subpicosecond spectropolarimeter enabling high sensitivity balanced detection of time-resolved circular dichroism (TRCD) signals from chiral sample in solution. The signals are measured with a conventional femtosecond pump-probe set-up using the combination of a quarter-waveplate and a Wollaston prism. This simple and robust method allows access to TRCD signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio and very short acquisition times. We provide a theoretical analysis of the artifacts of such detection geometry and the strategy to eliminate them. We illustrate the potential of this new detection with the study of the [Ru(phen)3]·2PF6 complexes in acetonitrile.
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18
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Sinha N, Wenger OS. Photoactive Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited States in 3d 6 Complexes with Cr 0, Mn I, Fe II, and Co III. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4903-4920. [PMID: 36808978 PMCID: PMC9999427 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Many coordination complexes and organometallic compounds with the 4d6 and 5d6 valence electron configurations have outstanding photophysical and photochemical properties, which stem from metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states. This substance class makes extensive use of the most precious and least abundant metal elements, and consequently there has been a long-standing interest in first-row transition metal compounds with photoactive MLCT states. Semiprecious copper(I) with its completely filled 3d subshell is a relatively straightforward and well explored case, but in 3d6 complexes the partially filled d-orbitals lead to energetically low-lying metal-centered (MC) states that can cause undesirably fast MLCT excited state deactivation. Herein, we discuss recent advances made with isoelectronic Cr0, MnI, FeII, and CoIII compounds, for which long-lived MLCT states have become accessible over the past five years. Furthermore, we discuss possible future developments in the search for new first-row transition metal complexes with partially filled 3d subshells and photoactive MLCT states for next-generation applications in photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Montenegro-Pohlhammer N, Kuppusamy SK, Cárdenas-Jirón G, Calzado CJ, Ruben M. Computational demonstration of isomer- and spin-state-dependent charge transport in molecular junctions composed of charge-neutral iron(II) spin-crossover complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1229-1240. [PMID: 36606462 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemistry offers a multitude of opportunities towards harnessing functional molecular materials with application propensity. One emerging area of interest is molecular spintronics, in which charge and spin degrees of freedom have been used to achieve power-efficient device architectures. Herein, we show that, with the aid of state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations on designer molecular junctions, the conductance and spin filtering capabilities are molecular structure-dependent. As inferred from the calculations, structural control over the transport can be achieved by changing the position of the thiomethyl (SMe) anchoring groups for Au(111) electrodes in a set of isomeric 2,2'-bipyridine-based metal coordinating ligand entities L1 and L2. The computational studies on heteroleptic iron(II) coordination complexes (1 and 2) composed of L1 and L2 reveal that switching the spin-state of the iron(II) centers, from the low-spin (LS) to high-spin (HS) state, by means of an external electric field stimulus, could, in theory, be performed. Such switching, known as spin-crossover (SCO), renders charge transport through single-molecule junctions of 1 and 2 spin-state-dependent, and the HS junctions are more conductive than the LS junctions for both complexes. Additionally, the LS and HS junctions based on complex 1 are more conductive than those featuring complex 2. Moreover, it is predicted that the spin filtering efficiency (SFE) of the HS junctions strongly depends on the bridging complex geometry, with 1 showing a voltage-dependent SFE, whereas 2 exhibits an SFE of practically 100% over all the studied voltage range. To be pragmatic towards applications, the ligands L1 and L2 and complex 1 have been successfully synthesized, and the spin-state switching propensity of 1 in the bulk state has been elucidated. The results shown in this study might lead to the synthesis and characterization of isomeric SCO complexes with tuneable spin-state switching and charge transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, s/n., 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carmen J Calzado
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, s/n., 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaire (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Element- and enantiomer-selective visualization of molecular motion in real-time. Nat Commun 2023; 14:386. [PMID: 36693825 PMCID: PMC9873934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast optical-domain spectroscopies allow to monitor in real time the motion of nuclei in molecules. Achieving element-selectivity had to await the advent of time resolved X-ray spectroscopy, which is now commonly carried at X-ray free electron lasers. However, detecting light element that are commonly encountered in organic molecules, remained elusive due to the need to work under vacuum. Here, we present an impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) pump/carbon K-edge absorption probe investigation, which allowed observation of the low-frequency vibrational modes involving specific selected carbon atoms in the Ibuprofen RS dimer. Remarkably, by controlling the probe light polarization we can preferentially access the enantiomer of the dimer to which the carbon atoms belong.
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21
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Ogawa T, Sinha N, Pfund B, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Molecular Design Principles to Elongate the Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited-State Lifetimes of Square-Planar Nickel(II) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21948-21960. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Ayuso D, Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. Ultrafast chirality: the road to efficient chiral measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26962-26991. [PMID: 36342056 PMCID: PMC9673685 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01009g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Today we are witnessing the electric-dipole revolution in chiral measurements. Here we reflect on its lessons and outcomes, such as the perspective on chiral measurements using the complementary principles of "chiral reagent" and "chiral observer", the hierarchy of scalar, vectorial and tensorial enantio-sensitive observables, the new properties of the chiro-optical response in the ultrafast and non-linear domains, and the geometrical magnetism associated with the chiral response in photoionization. The electric-dipole revolution is a landmark event. It has opened routes to extremely efficient enantio-discrimination with a family of new methods. These methods are governed by the same principles but work in vastly different regimes - from microwaves to optical light; they address all molecular degrees of freedom - electronic, vibrational and rotational, and use flexible detection schemes, i.e. detecting photons or electrons, making them applicable to different chiral phases, from gases to liquids to amorphous solids. The electric-dipole revolution has also enabled enantio-sensitive manipulation of chiral molecules with light. This manipulation includes exciting and controlling ultrafast helical currents in vibronic states of chiral molecules, enantio-sensitive control of populations in electronic, vibronic and rotational molecular states, and opens the way to efficient enantio-separation and enantio-sensitive trapping of chiral molecules. The word "perspective" has two meanings: an "outlook" and a "point of view". In this perspective article, we have tried to cover both meanings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
| | - Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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