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Zheng SJ, Hu H, Li Y, Chen J, Li X, Bai T. Editorial: Microbial interaction with banana: mechanisms, symbiosis, and integrated diseases control. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1390969. [PMID: 38646630 PMCID: PMC11026712 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1390969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jun Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs International Joint Research Centre for Agriculture, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Biological Invasions, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Bioversity International, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huigang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xundong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs International Joint Research Centre for Agriculture, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Biological Invasions, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs International Joint Research Centre for Agriculture, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Biological Invasions, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Chaudhari RS, Jangale BL, Krishna B, Sane PV. Improved abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis by constitutive active form of a banana DREB2 type transcription factor, MaDREB20.CA, than its native form, MaDREB20. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:671-690. [PMID: 35996008 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Banana is grown as one of the important fruit crops in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In this study, we report induced expression of a dehydration responsive element binding 2 (DREB2) gene (MaDREB20) under individual heat, drought, and combined drought and heat stress in root of two banana genotypes Grand Nain (GN) and Hill Banana (HB). Motif analysis of MaDREB20 protein demonstrated the presence of a negative regulatory domain (NRD) or PEST motif between 150 and 184 amino acids. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing MaDREB20 gene showed more survival rate, above-ground biomass, seed yield, leaf relative water content, and proline content but less ion leakage and malonaldehyde content, revealing improved tolerance against heat and drought as well as their combination than the wild-type. Overexpression of MaDREB20.CA (constitutive active form of MaDREB20 after removal of PEST region) showed better abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis than its native form (MaDREB20). Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing MaDREB20 and MaDREB20.CA genes appeared to be associated with reduced stomatal densities under normal condition, better regulation of stomatal aperture under drought than in wild-type plants, and differential regulation of downstream target (AtTCH4 and AtIAA1) genes under heat, drought, and combined stress. Taken together, our findings revealed important functions of MaDREB20 in abiotic stress responses in transgenic Arabidopsis and could form a basis for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated removal of its NRD to enhance stress tolerance in banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Shashikant Chaudhari
- Jain R&D lab is a Recognized Research Centre by Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Bambhori, Jalgaon, 425001, India
| | - Bhavesh Liladhar Jangale
- Jain R&D lab is a Recognized Research Centre by Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Bambhori, Jalgaon, 425001, India
| | - Bal Krishna
- Jain R&D lab is a Recognized Research Centre by Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Bambhori, Jalgaon, 425001, India.
| | - Prafullachandra Vishnu Sane
- Jain R&D lab is a Recognized Research Centre by Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Bambhori, Jalgaon, 425001, India
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Li Y, Lin J, Xiao S, Feng D, Deng Y, Xuan W. Effects of sweet potato intercropping in banana orchard on soil microbial population diversity. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-022-01702-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This study was purposely designed to understand the effects of intercropping banana and sweet potato on soil microbial community. The research question addressed was what were the differences in population number, population diversity and dominant population of soil microorganisms between interplant bananas with sweet potatoes and banana monoculture.
Methods
The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect and analyse the population composition and structure of soil microorganisms in banana field.
Results
The results showed that from May to September, the number of soil bacterial population in intercropping sweet potato was 5.54-28.67% higher than that in monoculture, and the richness and diversity of the population were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in monoculture. The number of dominant bacterial population was less than that in monoculture, and the relative abundance of non dominant population was 10.58 - 58.81% higher than that in monoculture. The number, abundance and diversity of soil fungal populations in intercropping were higher than those in monoculture.
Conclusions
The intercropping of banana and sweet potato has a significant effect on regulating the composition structure of soil microbial population and improving the abundance and diversity of microbial population. There has a great significance to improve the micro ecological environment of banana root soil and promote the stable and sustainable development of banana industry.
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de Olanda Souza GH, de Oliveira Aparecido LE, de Lima RF, Torsoni GB, Chiquitto AG, de Moraes JRC. Agroclimatic zoning for bananas under climate change in Brazil. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6511-6529. [PMID: 35567412 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is the main cause of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants and affects yield. Therefore, we sought to carry out a study on future changes in the agroclimatic conditions of banana cultivation in Brazil. The current agroclimatic zoning was carried out with data obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology related to mean air temperature, annual rainfall, and soil texture data in Brazil. The global climate model BCC-CSM1.1 (Beijing Climate Center-Climate System Model, version 1.1), adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, corresponding to Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5 for the period 2050 (2041-2060) and 2070 (2061-2080), obtained through the CHELSA V1.2 platform, was chosen for the climate projections of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5. Matrix images at a depth of 5-15 cm, obtained through the product of the SoilGrids system, were used for the texture data. ArcGIS version 10.8 was used to construct the maps. RESULTS Areas favorable to the crop plantation were classified as suitable when air temperature TAIR was between 20 and 29 °C, annual rainfall RANNUAL between 1200 and 1900 mm, and soil clay content CSOIL between 30 and 55%. Subsequently, the information was reclassified, summarizing the classes into preferential, recommended, little recommended, and not recommended. The current scenario shows a preferential class of 8.1%, recommended of 44.6%, little recommended of 47.1%, and not recommended of 0.1% for the Brazilian territory. CONCLUSION The results show no drastic changes in the total area regarding the classes, but there is a migration from these zones; that is, from tropical to subtropical and temperate regions. RCP 8.5-2070 (2061-2080) showed trends with negative impacts on arable areas for banana cultivation at the end of the century. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Henrique de Olanda Souza
- Department of Agrometeorology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS) Campus Naviraí, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira Aparecido
- Department of Agrometeorology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS) - Campus Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Brazil
| | - Rafael Fausto de Lima
- Department of Agrometeorology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS) Campus Naviraí, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Botega Torsoni
- Department of Agrometeorology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS) Campus Naviraí, Naviraí, Brazil
| | - Alisson Gaspar Chiquitto
- Department of Agrometeorology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS) Campus Naviraí, Naviraí, Brazil
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Cannon S, Kay W, Kilaru S, Schuster M, Gurr SJ, Steinberg G. Multi-site fungicides suppress banana Panama disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010860. [PMID: 36264855 PMCID: PMC9584521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Global banana production is currently challenged by Panama disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (FocTR4). There are no effective fungicide-based strategies to control this soil-borne pathogen. This could be due to insensitivity of the pathogen to fungicides and/or soil application per se. Here, we test the effect of 12 single-site and 9 multi-site fungicides against FocTR4 and Foc Race1 (FocR1) in quantitative colony growth, and cell survival assays in purified FocTR4 macroconidia, microconidia and chlamydospores. We demonstrate that these FocTR4 morphotypes all cause Panama disease in bananas. These experiments reveal innate resistance of FocTR4 to all single-site fungicides, with neither azoles, nor succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), strobilurins or benzimidazoles killing these spore forms. We show in fungicide-treated hyphae that this innate resistance occurs in a subpopulation of "persister" cells and is not genetically inherited. FocTR4 persisters respond to 3 μg ml-1 azoles or 1000 μg ml-1 strobilurins or SDHIs by strong up-regulation of genes encoding target enzymes (up to 660-fold), genes for putative efflux pumps and transporters (up to 230-fold) and xenobiotic detoxification enzymes (up to 200-fold). Comparison of gene expression in FocTR4 and Zymoseptoria tritici, grown under identical conditions, reveals that this response is only observed in FocTR4. In contrast, FocTR4 shows little innate resistance to most multi-site fungicides. However, quantitative virulence assays, in soil-grown bananas, reveals that only captan (20 μg ml-1) and all lipophilic cations (200 μg ml-1) suppress Panama disease effectively. These fungicides could help protect bananas from future yield losses by FocTR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Cannon
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - William Kay
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sarah Jane Gurr
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,* E-mail: (SJG); (GS)
| | - Gero Steinberg
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom,University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,* E-mail: (SJG); (GS)
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Waterlogging Stress Induces Antioxidant Defense Responses, Aerenchyma Formation and Alters Metabolisms of Banana Plants. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152052. [PMID: 35956531 PMCID: PMC9370344 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flooding caused or exacerbated by climate change has threatened plant growth and food production worldwide. The lack of knowledge on how crops respond and adapt to flooding stress imposes a major barrier to enhancing their productivity. Hence, understanding the flooding-responsive mechanisms of crops is indispensable for developing new flooding-tolerant varieties. Here, we examined the banana (Musa acuminata cv. Berangan) responses to soil waterlogging for 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 24 days. After waterlogging stress, banana root samples were analyzed for their molecular and biochemical changes. We found that waterlogging treatment induced the formation of adventitious roots and aerenchyma with conspicuous gas spaces. In addition, the antioxidant activities, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde contents of the waterlogged bananas increased in response to waterlogging stress. To assess the initial response of bananas toward waterlogging stress, we analyzed the transcriptome changes of banana roots. A total of 3508 unigenes were differentially expressed under 1-day waterlogging conditions. These unigenes comprise abiotic stress-related transcription factors, such as ethylene response factors, basic helix-loop-helix, myeloblastosis, plant signal transduction, and carbohydrate metabolisms. The findings of the study provide insight into the complex molecular events of bananas in response to waterlogging stress, which could later help develop waterlogging resilient crops for the future climate.
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Fernandez E, Do H, Luedeling E, Luu TTG, Whitney C. Prioritizing farm management interventions to improve climate change adaptation and mitigation outcomes-a case study for banana plantations. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2022; 42:76. [PMID: 35967891 PMCID: PMC9362632 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-022-00809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Intervening into agricultural systems necessarily includes risks, uncertainties, and ultimately unknown outcomes. Decision analysis embraces uncertainty through an interdisciplinary approach that involves relevant stakeholders in evaluating complex decisions. We applied decision analysis approaches to prioritize 21 farm management interventions, which could be considered in certification schemes for banana production. We estimated their contribution to climate change adaptation and mitigation as well as ecological outcomes. We used a general model that estimated the impacts of each intervention on adaptation (benefits minus costs), mitigation (global warming potential), ecological parameters (e.g., biodiversity and water and soil quality), and farming aspects (e.g., yield, implementation costs and production risks). We used expert and documented knowledge and presented uncertainties in the form of 90% confidence intervals to feed the model and forecast the changes in system outcomes caused by each intervention compared to a baseline scenario without the measure. By iterating the model function 10,000 times, we obtained probability distributions for each of the outcomes and farm management interventions. Our results suggest that interventions associated with nutrient management (e.g., composting and nutrient management plan) positively affect climate change adaptation, mitigation, and ecological aspects. Measures with no direct yield benefits (e.g., plastic reduction) correlate negatively with adaptation but have positive impacts on ecology. Creating buffer zones and converting low-productivity farmland (incl. unused land) also have positive ecological and adaptation outcomes. Decision analysis can help in prioritizing farm management interventions, which may vary considerably in their relationship with the expected outcomes. Additional work may be required to elaborate a comprehensive assessment of the underlying aspects modulating the impacts of a given measure on the evaluated outcome. Our analysis provides insights on the most promising interventions for banana plantations and may help practitioners and researchers in focusing further studies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13593-022-00809-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fernandez
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota, Chile
| | - Hoa Do
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Luedeling
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thi Thu Giang Luu
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Cory Whitney
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Eyland D, Luchaire N, Cabrera‐Bosquet L, Parent B, Janssens SB, Swennen R, Welcker C, Tardieu F, Carpentier SC. High-throughput phenotyping reveals differential transpiration behaviour within the banana wild relatives highlighting diversity in drought tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1647-1663. [PMID: 35297073 PMCID: PMC9310827 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crop wild relatives, the closely related species of crops, may harbour potentially important sources of new allelic diversity for (a)biotic tolerance or resistance. However, to date, wild diversity is only poorly characterized and evaluated. Banana has a large wild diversity but only a narrow proportion is currently used in breeding programmes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate genotype-dependent transpiration responses in relation to the environment. By applying continuous high-throughput phenotyping, we were able to construct genotype-specific transpiration response models in relation to light, VPD and soil water potential. We characterized and evaluated six (sub)species and discerned four phenotypic clusters. Significant differences were observed in leaf area, cumulative transpiration and transpiration efficiency. We confirmed a general stomatal-driven 'isohydric' drought avoidance behaviour, but discovered genotypic differences in the onset and intensity of stomatal closure. We pinpointed crucial genotype-specific soil water potentials when drought avoidance mechanisms were initiated and when stress kicked in. Differences between (sub)species were dependent on environmental conditions, illustrating the need for high-throughput dynamic phenotyping, modelling and validation. We conclude that the banana wild relatives contain useful drought tolerance traits, emphasising the importance of their conservation and potential for use in breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eyland
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop BiotechnicsKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Nathalie Luchaire
- Département Environnement et AgronomieLEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Llorenç Cabrera‐Bosquet
- Département Environnement et AgronomieLEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Boris Parent
- Département Environnement et AgronomieLEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Steven B. Janssens
- Department ResearchMeise Botanic GardenMeiseBelgium
- Department of BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Rony Swennen
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop BiotechnicsKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Banana and Plantain Crop ImprovementInternational Institute of Tropical AgricultureKampalaUganda
| | - Claude Welcker
- Département Environnement et AgronomieLEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - François Tardieu
- Département Environnement et AgronomieLEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Sebastien C. Carpentier
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop BiotechnicsKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Biodiversity for Food and AgricultureBioversity InternationalLeuvenBelgium
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Abstract
The large amounts of organic waste thrown into the garbage without any productivity, and the increase in the demand for electrical energy worldwide, has led to the search for new eco-friendly ways of generating electricity. Because of this, microbial fuel cells have begun to be used as a technology to generate bioelectricity. The main objective of this research was to generate bioelectricity through banana waste using a low-cost laboratory-scale method, achieving the generation of maximum currents and voltages of 3.71667 ± 0.05304 mA and 1.01 ± 0.017 V, with an optimal pH of 4.023 ± 0.064 and a maximum electrical conductivity of the substrate of 182.333 ± 3.51 µS/cm. The FTIR spectra of the initial and final substrate show a decrease in the peaks belonging to phenolic compounds, alkanes, and alkenes, mainly. The maximum power density was 5736.112 ± 12.62 mW/cm2 at a current density of 6.501 A/cm2 with a peak voltage of 1006.95 mV. The molecular analysis of the biofilm formed on the anode electrode identified the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (100%), and Paenalcaligenes suwonensis (99.09%), Klebsiella oxytoca (99.39%) and Raoultella terrigena (99.8%), as the main electricity generators for this type of substrate. This research gives a second use to the fruit with benefits for farmers and companies dedicated to exporting and importing because they can reduce their expenses by using their own waste.
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Horn B, Ferreira C, Kalantari Z. Links between food trade, climate change and food security in developed countries: A case study of Sweden. AMBIO 2022; 51:943-954. [PMID: 34561835 PMCID: PMC8847661 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Food security is a global concern affecting even highly developed countries. Ongoing globalisation of food systems, characterised by trading interdependencies, means that agricultural production can be disrupted by climate change, affecting food availability. This study investigated Sweden's food security by identifying major food import categories and associated trade partners (using the World Integrated Trade System database) and vulnerability to frictions in trade deriving from climate change. Vulnerability was assessed through three indicators: exposure based on diversity of sources, dominance and direct trade from supplying countries; sensitivity, assessed using the Climate Risk Index, and adaptive capacity, assessed using the Fragile State Index. The results revealed that Sweden's grain imports may be most vulnerable, and animal products least vulnerable, to climate change. Management strategies based on this preliminary assessment can be developed by integrating climate vulnerability deriving from food trading into the 'Gravity' model, to improve prediction of trade flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaze Horn
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carla Ferreira
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Navarino Environmental Observatory, 24001 Messinia, Greece
| | - Zahra Kalantari
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Kallow S, Garcia Zuluaga M, Fanega Sleziak N, Nugraha B, Mertens A, Janssens SB, Gueco L, Valle-Descalsota ML, Dang Vu T, Toan Vu D, Thi Li L, Vandelook F, Dickie JB, Verboven P, Swennen R, Panis B. Drying banana seeds for ex situ conservation. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 10:coab099. [PMID: 35492425 PMCID: PMC9041424 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability of seeds to withstand drying is fundamental to ex situ seed conservation but drying responses are not well known for most wild species including crop wild relatives. We look at drying responses of seeds of Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana, the two primary wild relatives of bananas and plantains, using the following four experimental approaches: (i) We equilibrated seeds to a range of relative humidity (RH) levels using non-saturated lithium chloride solutions and subsequently measured moisture content (MC) and viability. At each humidity level we tested viability using embryo rescue (ER), tetrazolium chloride staining and germination in an incubator. We found that seed viability was not reduced when seeds were dried to 4% equilibrium relative humidity (eRH; equating to 2.5% MC). (ii) We assessed viability of mature and less mature seeds using ER and germination in the soil and tested responses to drying. Findings showed that seeds must be fully mature to germinate and immature seeds had negligible viability. (iii) We dried seeds extracted from ripe/unripe fruit to 35-40% eRH at different rates and tested viability with germination tests in the soil. Seeds from unripe fruit lost viability when dried and especially when dried faster; seeds from ripe fruit only lost viability when fast dried. (iv) Finally, we dried and re-imbibed mature and less mature seeds and measured embryo shrinkage and volume change using X-ray computer tomography. Embryos of less mature seeds shrank significantly when dried to 15% eRH from 0.468 to 0.262 mm3, but embryos of mature seeds did not. Based on our results, mature seeds from ripe fruit are desiccation tolerant to moisture levels required for seed genebanking but embryos from immature seeds are mechanistically less able to withstand desiccation, especially when water potential gradients are high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kallow
- Corresponding author: Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Millennium Seed Bank, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK.
| | - Manuela Garcia Zuluaga
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalia Fanega Sleziak
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bayu Nugraha
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Arne Mertens
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Steven B Janssens
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium
- Department of Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lavernee Gueco
- National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory, Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Michelle Lyka Valle-Descalsota
- National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory, Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Tuong Dang Vu
- Research Planning and International Cooperation Department, Plant Resources Center, VAAS, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Toan Vu
- Research Planning and International Cooperation Department, Plant Resources Center, VAAS, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Loan Thi Li
- Genebank Management Division, Plant Resources Center, VAAS, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | | | - John B Dickie
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Millennium Seed Bank, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rony Swennen
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Plot 15B Naguru East Road, Upper Naguru, Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bart Panis
- Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Bioversity International, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Kallow S, Mertens A, Janssens SB, Vandelook F, Dickie J, Swennen R, Panis B. Banana seed genetic resources for food security: Status, constraints, and future priorities. Food Energy Secur 2021; 11:e345. [PMID: 35866053 PMCID: PMC9285888 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Storing seed collections of crop wild relatives, wild plant taxa genetically related to crops, is an essential component in global food security. Seed banking protects genetic resources from degradation and extinction and provides material for use by breeders. Despite being among the most important crops in the world, banana and plantain crop wild relatives are largely under‐represented in genebanks. Nevertheless, banana crop wild relative seed collections are in fact held in different countries, but these have not previously been part of reporting or analysis. To fill this gap, we firstly collated banana seed accession data from 13 institutions in 10 countries. These included 537 accessions containing an estimated 430,000 seeds of 56 species. We reviewed their taxonomic coverage and seed storage conditions including viability estimates. We found that seed accessions have low viability (25% mean) representing problems in seed storage and processing. Secondly, we surveyed 22 institutions involved in banana genetic resource conservation regarding the key constraints and knowledge gaps that institutions face related to banana seed conservation. Major constraints were identified including finding suitable material and populations to collect seeds from, lack of knowledge regarding optimal storage conditions and germination conditions. Thirdly, we carried out a conservation prioritization and gap analysis of Musaceae taxa, using established methods, to index representativeness. Overall, our conservation assessment showed that despite this extended data set banana crop wild relatives are inadequately conserved, with 51% of taxa not represented in seed collections at all; the average conservation assessment showing high priority for conservation according to the index. Finally, we provide recommendations for future collecting, research, and management, to conserve banana and plantain crop wild relatives in seed banks for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kallow
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Millennium Seed Bank Ardingly UK
- Department of Biosystems Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Meise Botanic Garden Meise Belgium
| | - Arne Mertens
- Department of Biosystems Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Meise Botanic Garden Meise Belgium
| | - Steven B. Janssens
- Meise Botanic Garden Meise Belgium
- Biology Department Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | | | - John Dickie
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Millennium Seed Bank Ardingly UK
| | - Rony Swennen
- Department of Biosystems Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Kampala Uganda
| | - Bart Panis
- Department of Biosystems Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Bioversity International Leuven Belgium
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Analysis of banana and cocoa export commodities in food system transformation, with special reference to certification schemes as drivers of change. Food Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-021-01219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFood systems analysis is increasingly being applied to understand relations between production, distribution, and consumption of food products, the drivers that influence the system, and the outcomes that show how well the food system performs on health and nutrition, on environmental sustainability, and on income and inclusiveness. Little attention has gone to the position of global export commodities, where production and consumption are far apart. Banana in Costa Rica and cocoa in Cote d’Ivoire were the subject of this study to find out what major drivers determine the functioning of these systems. Next to identifying drivers such as population growth and increased plant disease pressure, it was found that the typical far-away setting and different living conditions between producer and consumer countries required a special eye on governance as a tripartite arena (government, private sector, civil society) with their power relations, and on certification schemes as a driver that follows from corporate social responsibility. The certification schemes addressed cover all food system outcomes, although health and nutrition in a less conspicuous way. The descriptions of the functioning of the schemes were also linked to living wages and incomes for banana plantation workers in Costa Rica and cocoa smallholder farmers in Côte d’Ivoire. Although very meaningful, certification schemes so far do not prove to be a silver bullet, but they do have the potential, in combination with other measures, to help positive food system transformations.
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Abstract
Five strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars were grown in Queensland, Australia to determine whether higher temperatures affect production. Transplants were planted on 29 April and data collected on growth, marketable yield, fruit weight and the incidence of small fruit less than 12 g until 28 October. Additional data were collected on fruit soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) from 16 September to 28 October. Minimum temperatures were 2 °C to 4 °C higher than the long-term averages from 1965 to 1990. Changes in marketable yield followed a dose-logistic pattern (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.99). There was a strong negative relationship between fruit weight (marketable) and the average daily mean temperature in the four or seven weeks before harvest from 29 July to 28 October (p < 0.001, R2s = 0.90). There were no significant relationships between SSC and TA, and temperatures in the eight days before harvest from 16 September to 28 October (p > 0.05). The plants continued to produce a marketable crop towards the end of the season, but the fruit were small and more expensive to harvest. Higher temperatures in the future are likely to affect the economics of strawberry production in subtropical locations.
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Palanivel H, Shah S. Unlocking the inherent potential of plant genetic resources: food security and climate adaptation strategy in Fiji and the Pacific. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2021; 23:14264-14323. [PMID: 33619427 PMCID: PMC7888530 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pacific Island Countries (PICs) are the center of origin and diversity for several root, fruit and nut crops, which are indispensable for food security, rural livelihoods, and cultural identity of local communities. However, declining genetic diversity of traditional food crops and high vulnerability to climate change are major impediments for maintaining agricultural productivity. Limited initiatives to achieve food self-sufficiency and utilization of Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) for enhancing resilience of agro-ecosystems are other serious constraints. This review focuses on the visible and anticipated impacts of climate ge, on major food and tree crops in agriculture and agroforestry systems in the PICs. We argue that crop improvement through plant breeding is a viable strategy to enhance food security and climatic resilience in the region. The exploitation of adaptive traits: abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, yield and nutritional efficiency, is imperative in a world threatened by climatic extremes. However, the insular constraints of Fiji and other small PICs are major limitations for the utilization of PGR through high throughput techniques which are also cost prohibitive. Crop Improvement programs should instead focus on the identification, conservation, documentation and dissemination of information on unique landraces, community seed banks, introduction of new resistant genotypes, and sustaining and enhancing allelic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemalatha Palanivel
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, PO Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Shipra Shah
- Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Koronivia Campus, Fiji National University, PO Box 1544, Nausori, Republic of Fiji
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Eigenbrod F, Beckmann M, Dunnett S, Graham L, Holland RA, Meyfroidt P, Seppelt R, Song XP, Spake R, Václavík T, Verburg PH. Identifying Agricultural Frontiers for Modeling Global Cropland Expansion. ONE EARTH (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2020; 3:504-514. [PMID: 33163961 PMCID: PMC7608111 DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The increasing expansion of cropland is major driver of global carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. However, predicting plausible future global distributions of croplands remains challenging. Here, we show that, in general, existing global data aligned with classical economic theories of expansion explain the current (1992) global extent of cropland reasonably well, but not recent expansion (1992-2015). Deviations from models of cropland extent in 1992 ("frontierness") can be used to improve global models of recent expansion, most likely as these deviations are a proxy for cropland expansion under frontier conditions where classical economic theories of expansion are less applicable. Frontierness is insensitive to the land cover dataset used and is particularly effective in improving models that include mosaic land cover classes and the largely smallholder-driven frontier expansion occurring in such areas. Our findings have important implications as the frontierness approach offers a straightforward way to improve global land use change models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Eigenbrod
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Michael Beckmann
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dunnett
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Laura Graham
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert A. Holland
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Patrick Meyfroidt
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.- FNRS), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ralf Seppelt
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- iDiv—German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Geoscience & Geography, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Xiao-Peng Song
- Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Rebecca Spake
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tomáš Václavík
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter H. Verburg
- Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Zorrilla-Fontanesi Y, Pauwels L, Panis B, Signorelli S, Vanderschuren H, Swennen R. Strategies to revise agrosystems and breeding to control Fusarium wilt of banana. NATURE FOOD 2020; 1:599-604. [PMID: 37128105 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-00155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent emergence of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), the deadly strain that causes Fusarium wilt of banana, has put the banana production chain for export under threat. Here, we propose research priorities and complementary strategies and challenges for effective and efficient mitigation management of Fusarium wilt. Our strategies include diversifying the agrosystems to increase crop resilience, as well as using precision breeding approaches to rapidly assess and introduce disease-resistance genes to develop stable and complete Foc resistance in commercial banana cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurens Pauwels
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (Technologiepark 71), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology (Technologiepark 71), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Panis
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Rony Swennen
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium.
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), C/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania.
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