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Zhao X, Tian P, Zhang W, Wang Q, Guo P, Wang Q. Nitrogen deposition caused higher increases in plant-derived organic carbon than microbial-derived organic carbon in forest soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171752. [PMID: 38494032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Plant- and microbial-derived organic carbon, two components of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in terrestrial ecosystems, are regulated by increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. However, the spatial patterns and driving factors of the responses of plant- and microbial-derived SOC to N deposition in forests are not clear, which hinders our understanding of SOC sequestration. In this study, we explored the spatial patterns of plant- and microbial-derived SOC, and their responses to N addition and elucidated their underlying mechanisms in forest soils receiving N addition at four sites with various soil and climate conditions. Plant- and microbial-derived SOC were quantified using lignin phenols and amino sugars, respectively. N addition increased the total microbial residues by 20.5% on average ranging from 9.4% to 34.0% in temperate forests but not in tropical forests, and the increase was mainly derived from fungal residues. Lignin phenols increased more in temperate forests (average of 63.8%) than in tropical forests (average of 15.7%) following N addition. The ratio of total amino sugars to lignin phenols was higher in temperate forests than in tropical forests and decreased with N addition in temperate forests. N addition mainly regulated soil microbial residues by affecting pH, SOC, exchangeable Ca2+, gram-negative bacteria biomass, and the C:N ratio, while it mainly had indirect effects on lignin phenols by altering SOC, soil C:N ratio, and gram-negative bacteria biomass. Overall, our findings suggested that N deposition caused a greater increase in plant-derived SOC than in microbial-derived SOC and that plant-derived SOC would have a more important role in sequestering SOC under increasing N deposition in forest ecosystems, particularly in temperate forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qinggui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hebei College of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Qingkui Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China.
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2
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Wu Y, Zhou S, Li Y, Niu L, Wang L. Climate and local environment co-mediate the taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria and archaea in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168968. [PMID: 38042190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the environmental response patterns of riverine microbiota is essential for predicting the potential impact of future environmental change on river ecosystems. Vulnerable plateau ecosystems are particularly sensitive to climate and local environmental changes, however, the environmental response patterns of the taxonomic and functional diversity of riverine microbiota remain unclear. Here, we conducted a systematic investigation of the taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria and archaea from riparian soils, sediments, and water across the elevation of 1800- 4800 m in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rivers. We found that within the elevation range of 1800 to 3800 m, riparian soils and sediments exhibited similarities and stabilities in microbial taxonomic and functional diversity, and water microbiomes were more sensitive with great fluctuations in microbial diversity. Beyond the elevation of 3800 m, microbial diversity declined across all riverine matrixes. Local environmental conditions can influence the sensitivity of microbiomes to climate change. The combination of critical climate and local environmental factors, including total nitrogen, total organic carbon, as well as climate variables associated with temperature and precipitation, provided better explanations for microbial diversity than single-factor analyses. Under the extremely adverse scenario of high greenhouse gas emission concentrations (SSP585), we anticipate that by the end of this century, the bacterial, archaeal, and microbial functional diversity across the river network of the Yangtze and Yellow source basin would potentially change by -16.9- 5.2 %, -16.1- 5.7 %, and -9.3- 6.4 %, respectively. Overall, climate and local environments jointly shaped the microbial diversity in plateau river ecosystems, and water microbiomes would provide early signs of environmental changes. Our study provides effective theoretical foundations for the conservation of river biodiversity and functional stability under environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Wu
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, PR China
| | - Shubu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, PR China.
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, PR China.
| | - Linqiong Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, PR China
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3
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Guo Z, Liu CA, Hua K, Wang D, Wu P, Wan S, He C, Zhan L, Wu J. Changing soil available substrate primarily caused by fertilization management contributed more to soil respiration temperature sensitivity than microbial community thermal adaptation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169059. [PMID: 38061650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Substrate depletion and microbial community thermal adaptation are major mechanisms that regulate the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil microbial respiration. Traditionally, the Q10 of soil microbial respiration is measured using laboratory incubation, which has limits in the continuous input of available substrates and the time scale for microbial community thermal adaptation. How the available substrate and the soil microbial community regulate the Q10 of soil microbial respiration under natural warming conditions remains unclear. To fill this gap in knowledge, a long-term field experiment was conducted consisting of two years of soil respiration observations combined with a soil available substrate and microbial community thermal adaptation analysis under seasonal warming conditions. The Q10 of soil respiration was calculated using the square root method, and it was more affected by the available substrate than by microbial community thermal adaptation. Fertilization management has a stronger effect on soil available substrate than temperature. As the temperature increased, NH4-N proved itself to be important for the bacterial community in the process of Q10 regulation, while dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen were key factors for the fungal community. Based on the niche breadth of microbial community composition, the changing Q10 of the soil respiration was not only closely associated with the specialist community, but also the generalist and neutralist communities. Furthermore, bacterial community thermal adaptation primarily occurred through shifts in the abundances of specialists and neutralists, while changes in species richness and species replacement occurred for the fungal generalists and neutralists. This work indicates that changing available nitrogen and DOC primarily caused by fertilization management contributed more in regulating the Q10 of soil microbial respiration than microbial community thermal adaptation, and there are different mechanisms for bacterial and fungal community thermal adaptation under warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Guo
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chang-An Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun town, Mengla County, Yunnan Province 666303, China.
| | - Keke Hua
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Daozhong Wang
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
| | - Pingping Wu
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Shuixia Wan
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chuanlong He
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Linchuan Zhan
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
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Rodríguez V, Bartholomäus A, Witzgall K, Riveras-Muñoz N, Oses R, Liebner S, Kallmeyer J, Rach O, Mueller CW, Seguel O, Scholten T, Wagner D. Microbial impact on initial soil formation in arid and semiarid environments under simulated climate change. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1319997. [PMID: 38298893 PMCID: PMC10827993 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1319997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is attributed to be important for initial soil formation under extreme climate conditions, but experimental evidence for its relevance is scarce. To fill this gap, we investigated the impact of in situ microbial communities and their interrelationship with biocrust and plants compared to abiotic controls on soil formation in initial arid and semiarid soils. Additionally, we assessed the response of bacterial communities to climate change. Topsoil and subsoil samples from arid and semiarid sites in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera were incubated for 16 weeks under diurnal temperature and moisture variations to simulate humid climate conditions as part of a climate change scenario. Our findings indicate that microorganism-plant interaction intensified aggregate formation and stabilized soil structure, facilitating initial soil formation. Interestingly, microorganisms alone or in conjunction with biocrust showed no discernible patterns compared to abiotic controls, potentially due to water-masking effects. Arid soils displayed reduced bacterial diversity and developed a new community structure dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Planctomycetota, while semiarid soils maintained a consistently dominant community of Acidobacteriota and Proteobacteria. This highlighted a sensitive and specialized bacterial community in arid soils, while semiarid soils exhibited a more complex and stable community. We conclude that microorganism-plant interaction has measurable impacts on initial soil formation in arid and semiarid regions on short time scales under climate change. Additionally, we propose that soil and climate legacies are decisive for the present soil microbial community structure and interactions, future soil development, and microbial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Rodríguez
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Kristina Witzgall
- Soil Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Nicolás Riveras-Muñoz
- Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romulo Oses
- Centro Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Sustentable de Atacama (CRIDESAT), Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Susanne Liebner
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jens Kallmeyer
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Oliver Rach
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomorphology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Carsten W. Mueller
- Institute for Ecology, Chair of Soil Science, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oscar Seguel
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Scholten
- Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Wagner
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Liu J, Peng Z, Tu H, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Li X, Gao H, Pan H, Chen B, Liang C, Chen S, Qi J, Wang Y, Wei G, Jiao S. Oligotrophic microbes are recruited to resist multiple global change factors in agricultural subsoils. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108429. [PMID: 38219540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of anthropogenic pressures can have negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities and functions in response to multiple global change factors (GCFs) is still incomplete, particularly in less frequently disturbed subsoils. In this study, we examined the impact of different levels of GCFs (0-9) on soil functions and bacterial communities in both topsoils (0-20 cm) and subsoils (20-40 cm) of an agricultural ecosystem, and characterized the intrinsic factors influencing community resistance based on microbial life history strategy. Our experimental results showed a decline in soil multifunctionality, bacterial diversity, and community resistance as the number of GCFs increased, with a more drastic reduction in community resistance of subsoils. Specifically, we observed a significantly positive relationship between the oligotroph/copiotroph ratio and community resistance in subsoils, which was also verified by the negative correlation between 16S rRNA operon (rrn) copy number and community resistance. Structural equation modeling further revealed the direct effects of community resistance in promoting the ecosystem functioning, regardless of top- and subsoils. Therefore, these results suggested that subsoils may recruit more oligotrophic microbes to enhance their originally weaker community resistance under multiple GCFs, which was essential for maintaining sustainable agroecological functions and services. Overall, our study represents a significant advance in linking microbial life history strategy to the resistance of belowground microbial community and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiai Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ziheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hairong Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hang Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Haibo Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Beibei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chunling Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jiejun Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yihe Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Shuo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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6
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Peng Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Bu L, Qi J, Gao H, Chen S, Pan H, Chen B, Liang C, Li X, An Y, Wang S, Wei G, Jiao S. The neglected roles of adjacent natural ecosystems in maintaining bacterial diversity in agroecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e16996. [PMID: 37916454 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A central aim of community ecology is to understand how local species diversity is shaped. Agricultural activities are reshaping and filtering soil biodiversity and communities; however, ecological processes that structure agricultural communities have often overlooked the role of the regional species pool, mainly owing to the lack of large datasets across several regions. Here, we conducted a soil survey of 941 plots of agricultural and adjacent natural ecosystems (e.g., forest, wetland, grassland, and desert) in 38 regions across diverse climatic and soil gradients to evaluate whether the regional species pool of soil microbes from adjacent natural ecosystems is important in shaping agricultural soil microbial diversity and completeness. Using a framework of multiscales community assembly, we revealed that the regional species pool was an important predictor of agricultural bacterial diversity and explained a unique variation that cannot be predicted by historical legacy, large-scale environmental factors, and local community assembly processes. Moreover, the species pool effects were associated with microbial dormancy potential, where taxa with higher dormancy potential exhibited stronger species pool effects. Bacterial diversity in regions with higher agricultural intensity was more influenced by species pool effects than that in regions with low intensity, indicating that the maintenance of agricultural biodiversity in high-intensity regions strongly depends on species present in the surrounding landscape. Models for community completeness indicated the positive effect of regional species pool, further implying the community unsaturation and increased potential in bacterial diversity of agricultural ecosystems. Overall, our study reveals the indubitable role of regional species pool from adjacent natural ecosystems in predicting bacterial diversity, which has useful implication for biodiversity management and conservation in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianyan Bu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiejun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haibo Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yining An
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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7
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Marasco R, Fusi M, Coscolín C, Barozzi A, Almendral D, Bargiela R, Nutschel CGN, Pfleger C, Dittrich J, Gohlke H, Matesanz R, Sanchez-Carrillo S, Mapelli F, Chernikova TN, Golyshin PN, Ferrer M, Daffonchio D. Enzyme adaptation to habitat thermal legacy shapes the thermal plasticity of marine microbiomes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1045. [PMID: 36828822 PMCID: PMC9958047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities respond to temperature with physiological adaptation and compositional turnover. Whether thermal selection of enzymes explains marine microbiome plasticity in response to temperature remains unresolved. By quantifying the thermal behaviour of seven functionally-independent enzyme classes (esterase, extradiol dioxygenase, phosphatase, beta-galactosidase, nuclease, transaminase, and aldo-keto reductase) in native proteomes of marine sediment microbiomes from the Irish Sea to the southern Red Sea, we record a significant effect of the mean annual temperature (MAT) on enzyme response in all cases. Activity and stability profiles of 228 esterases and 5 extradiol dioxygenases from sediment and seawater across 70 locations worldwide validate this thermal pattern. Modelling the esterase phase transition temperature as a measure of structural flexibility confirms the observed relationship with MAT. Furthermore, when considering temperature variability in sites with non-significantly different MATs, the broadest range of enzyme thermal behaviour and the highest growth plasticity of the enriched heterotrophic bacteria occur in samples with the widest annual thermal variability. These results indicate that temperature-driven enzyme selection shapes microbiome thermal plasticity and that thermal variability finely tunes such processes and should be considered alongside MAT in forecasting microbial community thermal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Marasco
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Fusi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Conservation and Restoration Science, Edinburgh Napier University Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Alan Barozzi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Almendral
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bargiela
- Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Rd, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Christopher Pfleger
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jonas Dittrich
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC) and Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ruth Matesanz
- Spectroscopy Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Sanchez-Carrillo
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Mapelli
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatyana N Chernikova
- Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Rd, Bangor, UK
| | - Peter N Golyshin
- Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Rd, Bangor, UK
| | - Manuel Ferrer
- Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica (ICP), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniele Daffonchio
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Yang Y, Dou Y, Wang B, Xue Z, Wang Y, An S, Chang SX. Deciphering factors driving soil microbial life-history strategies in restored grasslands. IMETA 2023; 2:e66. [PMID: 38868332 PMCID: PMC10989924 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In macroecology, the concept of r- and K-strategy has been widely applied, yet, there have been limited studies on microbial life-history strategies in temperate grasslands using multiple sequencing approaches. Total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, high-throughput meta-genomic sequencing, and GeoChip technologies were used to examine the changes in microbial life-history traits in a chronosequence of restored grasslands (1, 5, 10, 15, 25, and 30 years since restoration). Grassland restoration increased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes but reduced the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi. PLFA analysis revealed that grassland restoration reduced the fungi:bacteria and Gram-positive:Gram-negative bacteria ratios. Combined with the meta-genomic data, we found that grassland restoration shifted microorganisms from oligotrophic (K-) to copiotrophic (r-) groups, consistent with the increased rRNA operon copy number of the microbial community. Structural equation modeling showed that soil properties positively (p < 0.05) while plant properties negatively (p < 0.05) affected microbial life-history traits. We built a framework to highlight the importance of plant and soil properties in driving microbial life-history traits during grassland restoration. Finally, by incorporating meta-genomic and other microbiological data, this study showed that microbial life-history traits support the idea that rRNA operon copy number is a trait that reflects resource availability to soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of SciencesXi'anChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global ChangeXi'anChina
- National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in ShaanxiXi'anChina
| | - Yanxing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess PlateauNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Baorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess PlateauNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhijing Xue
- College of Geography and TourismShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yunqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of SciencesXi'anChina
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global ChangeXi'anChina
- National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in ShaanxiXi'anChina
| | - Shaoshan An
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess PlateauNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Scott X. Chang
- Department of Renewable ResourcesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
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9
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The neglected role of micronutrients in predicting soil microbial structure. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:103. [PMID: 36575178 PMCID: PMC9794713 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the distribution patterns of soil microbial communities requires consideration of more environmental drivers. The effects of soil micronutrients on composition of microbial communities are largely unknown despite micronutrients closely relating to soil fertility and plant communities. Here we used data from 228 agricultural fields to identify the importance of micronutrients (iron, zinc, copper and manganese) in shaping structure of soil microbial communities (bacteria, fungi and protist) along latitudinal gradient over 3400 km, across diverse edaphic conditions and climatic gradients. We found that micronutrients explained more variations in the structure of microbial communities than macronutrients in maize soils. Moreover, micronutrients, particularly iron and copper, explained a unique percentage of the variation in structure of microbial communities in maize soils even after controlling for climate, soil physicochemical properties and macronutrients, but these effects were stronger for fungi and protist than for bacteria. The ability of micronutrients to predict the structure of soil microbial communities declined greatly in paddy soils. Machine learning approach showed that the addition of micronutrients substantially increased the predictive power by 9-17% in predicting the structure of soil microbial communities with up to 69-78% accuracy. These results highlighted the considerable contributions of soil micronutrients to microbial community structure, and advocated that soil micronutrients should be considered when predicting the structure of microbial communities in a changing world.
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10
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Marín C, Rubio J, Godoy R. Chilean blind spots in soil biodiversity and ecosystem function research. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- César Marín
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC) Universidad Santo Tomás Av. Ramón Picarte 1130 5090000 Valdivia Chile
| | - Javiera Rubio
- Escuela de Geografía, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Roberto Godoy
- Instituto Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
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11
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Guirado E, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Martínez-Valderrama J, Tabik S, Alcaraz-Segura D, Maestre FT. Climate legacies drive the distribution and future restoration potential of dryland forests. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:879-886. [PMID: 35879606 PMCID: PMC7613308 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Knowing the extent and environmental drivers of forests is key to successfully restore degraded ecosystems, and to mitigate climate change and desertification impacts using tree planting. Water availability is the main limiting factor for the development of forests in drylands, yet the importance of groundwater resources and palaeoclimate as drivers of their current distribution has been neglected. Here we report that mid-Holocene climates and aquifer trends are key predictors of the distribution of dryland forests worldwide. We also updated the global extent of dryland forests to 1,283 million hectares and showed that failing to consider past climates and aquifers has resulted in ignoring or misplacing up to 130 million hectares of forests in drylands. Our findings highlight the importance of a wetter past and well-preserved aquifers to explain the current distribution of dryland forests, and can guide restoration actions by avoiding unsuitable areas for tree establishment in a drier world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Guirado
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
- Unidad Asociada CSIC-UPO (BioFun), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez-Valderrama
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Siham Tabik
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Domingo Alcaraz-Segura
- iecolab. Inter-University Institute for Earth System Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change -CAESCG-, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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12
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Hu W, Hou Q, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Stegen JC, Du Q, Dong L, Ji M, Sun Y, Yao S, Gong H, Xiong J, Xia R, Liu J, Aqeel M, Akram MA, Ran J, Deng J. Continental-scale niche differentiation of dominant topsoil archaea in drylands. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:5483-5497. [PMID: 35706137 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Archaea represent a diverse group of microorganisms often associated with extreme environments. However, an integrated understanding of biogeographical patterns of the specialist Haloarchaea and the potential generalist ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) across large-scale environmental gradients remains limited. We hypothesize that niche differentiation determines their distinct distributions along environmental gradients. To test the hypothesis, we use a continental-scale research network including 173 dryland sites across northern China. Our results demonstrate that Haloarchaea and AOA dominate topsoil archaeal communities. As hypothesized, Haloarchaea and AOA show strong niche differentiation associated with two ecosystem types mainly found in China's drylands (i.e., deserts vs. grasslands), and they differ in the degree of habitat specialization. The relative abundance and richness of Haloarchaea are higher in deserts due to specialization to relatively high soil salinity and extreme climates, while those of AOA are greater in grassland soils. Our results further indicate a divergence in ecological processes underlying the segregated distributions of Haloarchaea and AOA. Haloarchaea are governed primarily by environmental-based processes while the more generalist AOA are assembled mostly via spatial-based processes. Our findings add to existing knowledge of large-scale biogeography of topsoil archaea, advancing our predictive understanding on changes in topsoil archaeal communities in a drier world. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistemico. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, Sevilla, Spain.,Unidad Asociada CSIC-UPO (BioFun). Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - James C Stegen
- Ecosystem Science Team, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Qiajun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingfei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuran Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junlan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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13
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Zeng XM, Feng J, Chen J, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Zhang Q, Zhou XQ, Yuan Y, Feng S, Zhang K, Liu YR, Huang Q. Microbial assemblies associated with temperature sensitivity of soil respiration along an altitudinal gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153257. [PMID: 35065115 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the drivers of the response of soil microbial respiration to warming is integral to accurately forecasting the carbon-climate feedbacks in terrestrial ecosystems. Microorganisms are the fundamental drivers of soil microbial respiration and its response to warming; however, the specific microbial communities and properties involved in the process remain largely undetermined. Here, we identified the associations between microbial community and temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil microbial respiration in alpine forests along an altitudinal gradient (from 2974 to 3558 m) from the climate-sensitive Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed that changes in microbial community composition accounted for more variations of Q10 values than a wide range of other factors, including soil pH, moisture, substrate quantity and quality, microbial biomass, diversity and enzyme activities. Specifically, co-occurring microbial assemblies (i.e., ecological clusters or modules) targeting labile carbon consumption were negatively correlated with Q10 of soil microbial respiration, whereas microbial assemblies associated with recalcitrant carbon decomposition were positively correlated with Q10 of soil microbial respiration. Furthermore, there were progressive shifts of microbial assemblies from labile to recalcitrant carbon consumption along the altitudinal gradient, supporting relatively high Q10 values in high-altitude regions. Our results provide new insights into the link between changes in major microbial assemblies with different trophic strategies and Q10 of soil microbial respiration along an altitudinal gradient, highlighting that warming could have stronger effects on microbially-mediated soil organic matter decomposition in high-altitude regions than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele 8830, Denmark
| | | | - Qianggong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin-Quan Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yusen Yuan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Songhui Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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14
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Dacal M, García‐Palacios P, Asensio S, Wang J, Singh BK, Maestre FT. Climate change legacies contrastingly affect the resistance and resilience of soil microbial communities and multifunctionality to extreme drought. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dacal
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio ‘Ramon Margalef’ Universidad de Alicante San Vicente del Raspeig Spain
- Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Móstoles Spain
| | - Pablo García‐Palacios
- Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Móstoles Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid Spain
| | - Sergio Asensio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio ‘Ramon Margalef’ Universidad de Alicante San Vicente del Raspeig Spain
| | - Juntao Wang
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
- Global Centre for Land‐Based Innovation Western Sydney University Penrith South DC NSW Australia
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
- Global Centre for Land‐Based Innovation Western Sydney University Penrith South DC NSW Australia
| | - Fernando T. Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio ‘Ramon Margalef’ Universidad de Alicante San Vicente del Raspeig Spain
- Departamento de Ecología Universidad de Alicante San Vicente del Raspeig Spain
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15
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Berdugo M, Vidiella B, Solé RV, Maestre FT. Ecological mechanisms underlying aridity thresholds in global drylands. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Berdugo
- ICREA‐Complex Systems Lab UPF‐PRBB Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva CSIC‐UPF Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Integrative Biology Department of Environment Systems Science ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Blai Vidiella
- ICREA‐Complex Systems Lab UPF‐PRBB Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva CSIC‐UPF Barcelona Spain
| | - Ricard V. Solé
- ICREA‐Complex Systems Lab UPF‐PRBB Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva CSIC‐UPF Barcelona Spain
- Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe NM USA
| | - Fernando T. Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramon Margalef” Universidad de Alicante Alicante Spain
- Departamento de Ecología Universidad de Alicante Alicante Spain
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16
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Relative Importance of Deterministic and Stochastic Processes on Soil Microbial Community Assembly in Temperate Grasslands. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091929. [PMID: 34576824 PMCID: PMC8469474 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in species composition across communities, i.e., β-diversity, is a central focus of ecology. Compared to macroorganisms, the β-diversity of soil microbes and its drivers are less studied. Whether the determinants of soil microbial β-diversity are consistent between soil depths and between abundant and rare microorganisms remains controversial. Here, using the 16S-rRNA of soil bacteria and archaea sampled at different soil depths (0–10 and 30–50 cm) from 32 sites along an aridity gradient of 1500 km in the temperate grasslands in northern China, we compared the effects of deterministic and stochastic processes on the taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of soil microbes. Using variation partitioning and null models, we found that the taxonomic β-diversity of the overall bacterial communities was more strongly determined by deterministic processes in both soil layers (the explanatory power of environmental distance in topsoil: 25.4%; subsoil: 47.4%), while their phylogenetic counterpart was more strongly determined by stochastic processes (the explanatory power of spatial distance in topsoil: 42.1; subsoil 24.7%). However, in terms of abundance, both the taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of the abundant bacteria in both soil layers was more strongly determined by deterministic processes, while those of rare bacteria were more strongly determined by stochastic processes. In comparison with bacteria, both the taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of the overall abundant and rare archaea were strongly determined by deterministic processes. Among the variables representing deterministic processes, contemporary and historical climate and aboveground vegetation dominated the microbial β-diversity of the overall and abundant microbes of both domains in topsoils, but soil geochemistry dominated in subsoils. This study presents a comprehensive understanding on the β-diversity of soil microbial communities in the temperate grasslands in northern China. Our findings highlight the importance of soil depth, phylogenetic turnover, and species abundance in the assembly processes of soil microbial communities.
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17
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Teng J, Tian J, Yu G, Kuzyakov Y. Soil properties and root traits jointly shape fine-scale spatial patterns of bacterial community and metabolic functions within a Korean pine forest. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10902. [PMID: 33680578 PMCID: PMC7919533 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial heterogeneity of soil bacterial community depends on scales. The fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of bacterial community composition and functions remains unknown. We analyzed the main driving factors of fine-scale spatial patterns of soil bacterial community composition and carbon metabolic functions across a 30 m × 40 m plot within a Korean pine forest by combining Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing with Biolog Ecoplates based on 53 soil samples. Clear spatial patterns in bacterial community composition and metabolic functions were observed in the forest soil. The bacterial community composition and metabolic functions both showed distance-decay of similarity within a distance of meters. Structural equation model analysis revealed that environmental variables and geographic distance together explained 37.9% and 63.1% of community and metabolic functions, respectively. Among all environmental factors, soil organic carbon (SOC) and root biomass emerged as the most important drivers of the bacterial community structure. In contrast, soil pH explained the largest variance in metabolic functions. Root biomass explained the second-largest variance in soil bacterial community composition, but root traits made no difference in metabolic functions variance. These results allow us to better understand the mechanisms controlling belowground diversity and plant-microbe interactions in forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Teng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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18
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Higgins SA, Panke-Buisse K, Buckley DH. The biogeography of Streptomyces in New Zealand enabled by high-throughput sequencing of genus-specific rpoB amplicons. Environ Microbiol 2020; 23:1452-1468. [PMID: 33283920 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated Streptomyces biogeography in soils along a 1200 km latitudinal transect across New Zealand (NZ). Streptomyces diversity was examined using high-throughput sequencing of rpoB amplicons generated with a Streptomyces specific primer set. We detected 1287 Streptomyces rpoB operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 159 ± 92 (average ± SD) rpoB OTUs per site. Only 12% (n = 149) of these OTUs matched rpoB sequences from cultured specimens (99% nucleotide identity cutoff). Streptomyces phylogenetic diversity (Faith's PD) was correlated with soil pH, mean annual temperature and plant community richness (Spearman's r: 0.77, 0.64 and -0.79, respectively; P < 0.05), but not with latitude. In addition, soil pH and plant community richness both explained significant variation in Streptomyces beta diversity. Streptomyces communities exhibited both high dissimilarity and strong dominance of one or a few species at each site. Taken together, these results suggest that dispersal limitation due to competitive interactions limits the colonization success of spores that relocate to new sites. Cultivated Streptomyces isolates represent a major source of clinically useful antibiotics, but only a small fraction of extant diversity within the genus have been identified and most species of Streptomyces have yet to be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Higgins
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.,Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - K Panke-Buisse
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.,USDA Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI, USA
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19
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Hu A, Wang H, Li J, Mulla SI, Qiu Q, Tang L, Rashid A, Wu Y, Sun Q, Yu CP. Homogeneous selection drives antibiotic resistome in two adjacent sub-watersheds, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122820. [PMID: 32502801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are a significant reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), yet the biogeographic pattern of riverine ARGs and its underlying driving forces remain poorly understood. Here, we used metagenomic approach to investigate the spatio-temporal variation of ARGs in two adjacent sub-watersheds viz. North River (NR) and West River (WR), China. The results demonstrated that Bacitracin (22.8 % of the total ARGs), multidrug (20.7 %), sulfonamide (15.2 %) and tetracycline (10.9 %) were the dominant ARG types. SourceTracker analysis indicated that sewage treatment plants as the main source of ARGs, while animal feces mainly contributed in spreading the ARGs in the upstream of NR. Random forest and network analyses confirmed that NR was under the influence of fecal pollution. PCoA analysis demonstrated that the composition of ARGs changed along with the anthropogenic gradients, while the Raup-Crick null model showed that homogenizing selection mediated by class 1 integron intI1 resulted in stable ARG communities at whole watershed scale. Structural equation models revealed that microbial community, grassland and several non-antibiotic micropollutants may also play certain roles in influencing the distribution of ARGs. Overall, the observed deterministic formation of ARGs in riverine systems calls effective management strategies to mitigate the risks of antibiotic resistance on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Hongjie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Reva University, Bangalore, 560 064, India
| | - Quanyi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Azhar Rashid
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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20
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An H, Zhao Y, Ma M. Precipitation controls seed bank size and its role in alpine meadow community regeneration with increasing altitude. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:5767-5777. [PMID: 33463902 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau has undergone significant climate warming in recent decades, and precipitation has also become increasingly variable. Much research has explored the effects of climate change on vegetation on this plateau. As potential vegetation buried in the soil, the soil seed bank is an important resource for ecosystem restoration and resilience. However, almost no studies have explored the effects of climate change on seed banks and the mechanisms of these effects. We used an altitudinal gradient to represent a decrease in temperature and collected soil seed bank samples from 27 alpine meadows (3,158-4,002 m) along this gradient. A structural equation model was used to explore the direct effects of mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) on the soil seed bank and their indirect effects through aboveground vegetation and soil environmental factors. The species richness and abundance of the aboveground vegetation varied little along the altitudinal gradient, while the species richness and density of the seed bank decreased. The similarity between the seed bank and aboveground vegetation decreased with altitude; specifically, it decreased with MAP but was not related to MAT. The increase in MAP with increasing altitude directly decreased the species richness and density of the seed bank, while the increase in MAP and decrease in MAT with increasing altitude indirectly increased and decreased the species richness of the seed bank, respectively, by directly increasing and decreasing the species richness of the plant community. The size of the soil seed bank declined with increasing altitude. Increases in precipitation directly decreased the species richness and density and indirectly decreased the species richness of the seed bank with increasing elevation. The role of the seed bank in aboveground plant community regeneration decreases with increasing altitude, and this process is controlled by precipitation but not temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang An
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Miaojun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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21
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Davoodian N, Jackson CJ, Holmes GD, Lebel T. Continental-scale metagenomics, BLAST searches, and herbarium specimens: The Australian Microbiome Initiative and the National Herbarium of Victoria. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2020; 8:e11392. [PMID: 33014636 PMCID: PMC7526432 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Motivated to make sensible interpretations of the massive volume of data from the Australian Microbiome Initiative (AusMic), we characterize the soil mycota of Australia. We establish operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from the data and compare these to GenBank and a data set from the National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL), Melbourne, Australia. We also provide visualizations of Agaricomycete diversity, drawn from our analyses of the AusMic sequences and taxonomy. METHODS The AusMic internal transcribed spacer (ITS) data were filtered to create OTUs, which were searched against the National Center for Biotechnology Information Nucleotide database and the MEL database. We further characterized a portion of our OTUs by graphing the counts of the families and orders of Agaricomycetes. We also graphed AusMic species determinations for Australian Agaricomycetes against latitude. RESULTS Our filtering process generated 192,325 OTUs; for Agaricomycetes, there were 27,730 OTUs. Based on the existing AusMic taxonomy at species level, we inferred the diversity of Australian Agaricomycetes against latitude to be lowest between -20 and -25 decimal degrees. DISCUSSION BLAST comparisons provided reciprocal insights between the three data sets, including the detection of unusual root-associated species in the AusMic data, insights into mushroom morphology from the MEL data, and points of comparison for the taxonomic determinations between AusMic, GenBank, and MEL. This study provides a tabulation of Australian fungi, different visual snapshots of a subset of those taxa, and a springboard for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teresa Lebel
- Royal Botanic Gardens VictoriaSouth YarraVictoria3141Australia
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22
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Guerra CA, Heintz-Buschart A, Sikorski J, Chatzinotas A, Guerrero-Ramírez N, Cesarz S, Beaumelle L, Rillig MC, Maestre FT, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Buscot F, Overmann J, Patoine G, Phillips HRP, Winter M, Wubet T, Küsel K, Bardgett RD, Cameron EK, Cowan D, Grebenc T, Marín C, Orgiazzi A, Singh BK, Wall DH, Eisenhauer N. Blind spots in global soil biodiversity and ecosystem function research. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3870. [PMID: 32747621 PMCID: PMC7400591 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world's biodiversity, contributing to many crucial ecosystem functions. It is thus essential to identify general macroecological patterns related to the distribution and functioning of soil organisms to support their conservation and consideration by governance. These macroecological analyses need to represent the diversity of environmental conditions that can be found worldwide. Here we identify and characterize existing environmental gaps in soil taxa and ecosystem functioning data across soil macroecological studies and 17,186 sampling sites across the globe. These data gaps include important spatial, environmental, taxonomic, and functional gaps, and an almost complete absence of temporally explicit data. We also identify the limitations of soil macroecological studies to explore general patterns in soil biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, with only 0.3% of all sampling sites having both information about biodiversity and function, although with different taxonomic groups and functions at each site. Based on this information, we provide clear priorities to support and expand soil macroecological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Guerra
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. .,Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany.
| | - Anna Heintz-Buschart
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Soil Ecology, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes Sikorski
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonis Chatzinotas
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nathaly Guerrero-Ramírez
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Léa Beaumelle
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, 28933, Spain.,Departamento de Ecología and Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, 28933, Spain
| | - François Buscot
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Soil Ecology, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany.,Microbiology, Braunschweig University of Technology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guillaume Patoine
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helen R P Phillips
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Straße 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Richard D Bardgett
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Don Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tine Grebenc
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - César Marín
- Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Diana H Wall
- School of Global Environmental Sustainability and Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1036, USA
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Li X, Chen X, Zhu H, Ren Z, Jiao J, Hu F, Liu M. Effects of historical legacies on soil nematode communities are mediated by contemporary environmental conditions. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:6732-6740. [PMID: 32724546 PMCID: PMC7381565 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Both contemporary and historical factors are documented to be crucial in regulating species diversity and distribution. Soil fauna contribute substantially to global biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, while it is unclear whether and to what extent historical factors shape their diversity patterns. Here, we used soil nematodes as a model organism to test historical effects on soil fauna and to investigate the relative importance of climatic, soil, and historical factors. Based on nematode distribution data in 16 natural sites at a large scale (ranging from 22 to 40°N) in mainland China, we conducted elastic net regression model to test the effects of climatic (e.g., mean and seasonality of temperature/precipitation), soil (e.g., soil carbon, nitrogen, and pH), and historical (e.g., temperature/precipitation anomaly and the velocity of the change since the Last Glacial Maximum) variables on nematode genus richness and Shannon's diversity. Additionally, variation partitioning was used to determine the contribution of the three predictor sets to the explanation of both Jaccard and Bray-Curtis community dissimilarity. We found that climate generally explained more variations in both diversity and composition than soil and historical predictors in our samples. We also showed that although historical factors (e.g., temperature change velocity) were correlated with nematode diversity and composition, the pure effects of these historical factors were negligible. In other words, the historical effects were commonly represented by their interactions with current climatic and soil factors within our selected sites. Our results indicated that contemporary factors, especially climate, may outperform historical factors in regulating soil nematode diversity patterns at large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Li
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjingChina
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhuhong Ren
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiaguo Jiao
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjingChina
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjingChina
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Soil Ecology LabCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjingChina
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24
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Cui Y, Chun SJ, Baek SS, Baek SH, Kim PJ, Son M, Cho KH, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Unique microbial module regulates the harmful algal bloom (Cochlodinium polykrikoides) and shifts the microbial community along the Southern Coast of Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137725. [PMID: 32182460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) of Cochlodinium (aka Margalefidinium) polykrikoides cause huge economic and ecological damages and thus are considered environmental problems. Previous studies uncovered that the formation and collapse of phytoplankton blooms could be closely related to their associated microbes although their roles in C. polykrikoides bloom have not been elucidated yet. To explore the potential interactions between C. polykrikoides and other microbes (archaea, bacteria, and phytoplankton), we collected water samples in the free-living (FL) (0.22 to 3 μm), nanoparticle-associated (NP) (3 to 20 μm), and microparticle-associated (MP) (>20 μm) fractions when C. polykrikoides blooms occurred from July to August in 2016, 2017, and 2018 in the South Sea of Korea. The microbial composition of the C. polykrikoides-associated microbial cluster (Module I) significantly differed from those of other modules associated with Alexandrium, Chaetoceros or Chattonella. Over half of the interspecies interactions in Module I occurred within the module. That is, specific microbial clusters were associated with the C. polykrikoides bloom. Structural equation modeling (SEM) further confirmed the stronger effects of Module I on C. polykrikoides blooms compared to environmental factors. Among the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) directly correlated with C. polykrikoides, Marine Group I was presumed to supply vitamin B12, the essential element for C. polykrikoides growth, while the potential fish pathogens (Micrococcaceae and Piscirickettsiaceae) could contribute to the massive fish death together with C. polykrikoides itself. In addition, the zoospores of Syndiniales, a parasitoid to dinoflagellates, might be related to the sudden collapse of C. polykrikoides blooms. These microbial groups also contributed to significant alterations of the local microbial community structures. Collectively, network analysis and SEM revealed that the C. polykrikoides bloom is concomitant with distinct microbial communities, contributing to the rise and fall of the bloom, and finally determining the local microbial community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshun Cui
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Chun
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Baek
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- South Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Geoje, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoung-Joong Kim
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonho Son
- South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Chu H, Gao GF, Ma Y, Fan K, Delgado-Baquerizo M. Soil Microbial Biogeography in a Changing World: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. mSystems 2020; 5:e00803-19. [PMID: 32317392 PMCID: PMC7174637 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00803-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial communities are fundamental to maintaining key soil processes associated with litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant productivity and are thus integral to human well-being. Recent technological advances have exponentially increased our knowledge concerning the global ecological distributions of microbial communities across space and time and have provided evidence for their contribution to ecosystem functions. However, major knowledge gaps in soil biogeography remain to be addressed over the coming years as technology and research questions continue to evolve. In this minireview, we state recent advances and future directions in the study of soil microbial biogeography and discuss the need for a clearer concept of microbial species, projections of soil microbial distributions toward future global change scenarios, and the importance of embracing culture and isolation approaches to determine microbial functional profiles. This knowledge will be critical to better predict ecosystem functions in a changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Kunkun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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26
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Berdugo M, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Soliveres S, Hernández-Clemente R, Zhao Y, Gaitán JJ, Gross N, Saiz H, Maire V, Lehmann A, Rillig MC, Solé RV, Maestre FT. Global ecosystem thresholds driven by aridity. Science 2020; 367:787-790. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay5958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aridity, which is increasing worldwide because of climate change, affects the structure and functioning of dryland ecosystems. Whether aridification leads to gradual (versus abrupt) and systemic (versus specific) ecosystem changes is largely unknown. We investigated how 20 structural and functional ecosystem attributes respond to aridity in global drylands. Aridification led to systemic and abrupt changes in multiple ecosystem attributes. These changes occurred sequentially in three phases characterized by abrupt decays in plant productivity, soil fertility, and plant cover and richness at aridity values of 0.54, 0.7, and 0.8, respectively. More than 20% of the terrestrial surface will cross one or several of these thresholds by 2100, which calls for immediate actions to minimize the negative impacts of aridification on essential ecosystem services for the more than 2 billion people living in drylands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Berdugo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Institut de Biología Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41704 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Santiago Soliveres
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Yanchuang Zhao
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100094 Beijing, China
| | - Juan J. Gaitán
- Instituto de Suelos, CIRN, INTA, 01686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, 6700 Luján, Argentina
- National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), 01686 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Gross
- UCA, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR 0874 Ecosystème Prairial, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des sciences de l’environnement, Université du Québec à Trois Rivières, G9A 5H7 Trois Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C. Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ricard V. Solé
- Institut de Biología Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Santa Fe Institute, 87501 Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - Fernando T. Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef,” Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
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27
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Ortiz‐Álvarez R, Cáliz J, Camarero L, Casamayor EO. Regional community assembly drivers and microbial environmental sources shaping bacterioplankton in an alpine lacustrine district (Pyrenees, Spain). Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:297-309. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Ortiz‐Álvarez
- Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB ‐ CSIC). C/Accés cala St Francesc n°14, E‐17300 Blanes Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan Cáliz
- Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB ‐ CSIC). C/Accés cala St Francesc n°14, E‐17300 Blanes Catalonia Spain
| | - Lluís Camarero
- Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB ‐ CSIC). C/Accés cala St Francesc n°14, E‐17300 Blanes Catalonia Spain
| | - Emilio O. Casamayor
- Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB ‐ CSIC). C/Accés cala St Francesc n°14, E‐17300 Blanes Catalonia Spain
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28
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Hu J, Zhou Y, Chen K, Li J, Wei Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Ryder MH, Yang H, Denton MD. Large‐scale
Trichoderma
diversity was associated with ecosystem, climate and geographic location. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:1011-1024. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Yi Zhou
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Kai Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Jishun Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Yanli Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Yilian Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Yuanzheng Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Maarten H. Ryder
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Hetong Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Matthew D. Denton
- China‐Australia Joint Laboratory for Soil Ecological Health and Remediation, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong China
- Waite campus The University of Adelaide SA Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine The University of Adelaide SA Australia
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Contrasting Biogeographic Patterns of Bacterial and Archaeal Diversity in the Top- and Subsoils of Temperate Grasslands. mSystems 2019; 4:4/5/e00566-19. [PMID: 31575667 PMCID: PMC6774019 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00566-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogeographic patterns and drivers of soil microbial diversity have been extensively studied in the past few decades. However, most research has focused on the topsoil, while the subsoil is assumed to have microbial diversity patterns similar to those of the topsoil. Here we compared patterns and drivers of microbial alpha and beta diversity in and between topsoils (0 to 10 cm) and subsoils (30 to 50 cm) of temperate grasslands in Inner Mongolia of China, covering an ∼1,500-km transect along an aridity gradient. Counter to the conventional assumption, we find contrasting biogeographic patterns of diversity and influencing factors for different bacterial and archaeal groups and between depths. While bacterial diversity remains constant or increases with increasing aridity in topsoil and decreases in subsoil, archaeal diversity decreases in topsoil and remains constant in subsoil. Microbial diversity in the topsoil is most strongly influenced by aboveground vegetation and contemporary climate but is most strongly influenced by the factor historical temperature anomaly since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and by soil pH in the subsoil. Moreover, the biogeographic patterns of topsoil-subsoil community dissimilarities vary for different microbial groups and are overall most strongly influenced by soil fertility differences between depths for bacteria and by contemporary climate for archaea. These findings suggest that diversity patterns observed in the topsoil may not be readily applied to the subsoil horizons. For the subsoil in particular, historical climate plays a vital role in the spatial variation of bacterial diversity. Overall, our study provides novel information for understanding and predicting soil microbial diversity patterns at depth.IMPORTANCE Exploring the biogeographic patterns of soil microbial diversity is critical for understanding mechanisms underlying the response of soil processes to climate change. Using top- and subsoils from an ∼1,500-km temperate grassland transect, we find divergent patterns of microbial diversity and its determinants in the topsoil versus the subsoil. Furthermore, we find important and direct legacy effects of historical climate change on the microbial diversity of subsoil yet indirect effects on topsoil. Our findings challenge the conventional assumption of similar geographic patterns of soil microbial diversity along soil profiles and help to improve our understanding of how soil microbial communities may respond to future climate change in different regions with various climate histories.
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Zhao XR, Wu HY, Song XD, Yang SH, Dong Y, Yang JL, Zhang GL. Intra-horizon differentiation of the bacterial community and its co-occurrence network in a typical Plinthic horizon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 678:692-701. [PMID: 31078860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface soil bacterial community composition and the controlling factors remain largely unknown, especially the micro-zone differentiation of community composition within a horizon. We studied a plinthic horizon to determine how different micro-zones in a horizon affect the bacterial community. The plinthic horizon is a net-like horizon characterized by the segregation of iron forms as shown by contrasting red matrix and white veins, which share common macro-environmental conditions such as climate and land use but differ only in physical and chemical compositions. The studied horizon is typical of the red soils of southeastern China and is an important layer in the red soil Critical Zone. The plinthite is considered to have been formed in the Quaternary and thus is a record of the paleo-environment. We evaluated the difference in the bacterial community composition between the red matrix and white veins and explored the possible assembly mechanisms of their co-occurrence patterns. Compared to the eutrophic environments of a red matrix, higher relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Nitrospirae were observed in the white veins. Similarly, more niches led to a higher density of bacterial co-occurrence patterns in the red matrix. The differences in the bacterial community composition and association networks are due to environmental selection, including the legacy of the paleoclimate that is represented by major element contents and contemporary hydrological properties that are mainly controlled by the soil texture. Our study shows that micro-zones even within a same plinthic horizon can provide different habitats and thus select for specific bacterial communities. Furthermore, this study could improve our understanding of the differentiation of bacterial communities among microenvironments caused by both historical and contemporary processes and help to predict how these communities may respond to future environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua-Yong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shun-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gan-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Ye JS, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Soliveres S, Maestre FT. Multifunctionality debt in global drylands linked to past biome and climate. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:2152-2161. [PMID: 30924573 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Past vegetation and climatic conditions are known to influence current biodiversity patterns. However, whether their legacy effects affect the provision of multiple ecosystem functions, that is, multifunctionality, remains largely unknown. Here we analyzed soil nutrient stocks and their transformation rates in 236 drylands from six continents to evaluate the associations between current levels of multifunctionality and legacy effects of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) desert biome distribution and climate. We found that past desert distribution and temperature legacy, defined as increasing temperature from LGM, were negatively correlated with contemporary multifunctionality even after accounting for predictors such as current climate, soil texture, plant species richness, and site topography. Ecosystems that have been deserts since the LGM had up to 30% lower contemporary multifunctionality compared with those that were nondeserts during the LGM. In addition, ecosystems that experienced higher warming rates since the LGM had lower contemporary multifunctionality than those suffering lower warming rates, with a ~9% reduction per extra degree Celsius. Past desert distribution and temperature legacies had direct negative effects, while temperature legacy also had indirect (via soil sand content) negative effects on multifunctionality. Our results indicate that past biome and climatic conditions have left a strong "functionality debt" in global drylands. They also suggest that ongoing warming and expansion of desert areas may leave a strong fingerprint in the future functioning of dryland ecosystems worldwide that needs to be considered when establishing management actions aiming to combat land degradation and desertification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Santiago Soliveres
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), Spain
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, Spain
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Ji N, Gao C, Sandel B, Zheng Y, Chen L, Wu B, Li X, Wang Y, Lü P, Sun X, Guo L. Late Quaternary climate change explains soil fungal community composition rather than fungal richness in forest ecosystems. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:6678-6692. [PMID: 31236252 PMCID: PMC6580281 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic climate fluctuations of the late Quaternary have influenced the diversity and composition of macroorganism communities, but how they structure belowground microbial communities is less well known. Fungi constitute an important component of soil microorganism communities. They play an important role in biodiversity maintenance, community assembly, and ecosystem functioning, and differ from many macroorganisms in many traits. Here, we examined soil fungal communities in Chinese temperate, subtropical, and tropic forests using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the fungal ITS1 region. The relative effect of late Quaternary climate change and contemporary environment (plant, soil, current climate, and geographic distance) on the soil fungal community was analyzed. The richness of the total fungal community, along with saprotrophic, ectomycorrhizal (EM), and pathogenic fungal communities, was influenced primarily by the contemporary environment (plant and/or soil) but not by late Quaternary climate change. Late Quaternary climate change acted in concert with the contemporary environment to shape total, saprotrophic, EM, and pathogenic fungal community compositions and with a stronger effect in temperate forest than in tropic-subtropical forest ecosystems. Some contemporary environmental factors influencing total, saprotrophic, EM, and pathogenic fungal communities in temperate and tropic-subtropical forests were different. We demonstrate that late Quaternary climate change can help to explain current soil fungal community composition and argue that climatic legacies can help to predict soil fungal responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu‐Niu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Brody Sandel
- Department of BiologySanta Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCalifornia
| | - Yong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Bin‐Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xing‐Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Peng‐Peng Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liang‐Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Hinojosa MB, Laudicina VA, Parra A, Albert-Belda E, Moreno JM. Drought and its legacy modulate the post-fire recovery of soil functionality and microbial community structure in a Mediterranean shrubland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:1409-1427. [PMID: 30681232 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of drought on soil dynamics after fire are poorly known, particularly its long-term (i.e., years) legacy effects once rainfall returns to normal. Understanding this is particularly important for nutrient-poor soils in semi-arid regions affected by fire, in which rainfall is projected to decrease with climate change. Here, we studied the effects of post-fire drought and its legacy on soil microbial community structure and functionality in a Cistus-Erica shrubland (Spain). Rainfall total and patterns were experimentally modified to produce an unburned control (natural rainfall) and four burned treatments: control (natural rainfall), historical control (long-term average rainfall), moderate drought (percentile 8 historical rainfall, 5 months of drought per year), and severe drought (percentile 2, 7 months of drought). Soil nutrients and microbial community composition (ester-linked fatty acid approach) and functionality (enzyme activities and C mineralization rate) were monitored during the first 4 years after fire under rainfall treatments, plus two additional ones without them (six post-fire years). We found that the recovery of burned soils was lower under drought. Post-fire drought increased nitrate in the short term and reduced available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, soil organic matter, enzyme activities, and carbon mineralization rate. Moreover, drought decreased soil total microbial biomass and fungi, with bacteria becoming relatively more abundant. Two years after discontinuing the drought treatments, the drought legacy was significant for available phosphorus and enzyme activities. Although microbial biomass did not show any drought legacy effect, the proportion of fungi and bacteria (mainly gram-positive) did, being lower and higher, respectively, in former drought-treated plots. We show that drought has an important impact on soil processes, and that some of its effects persist for at least 2 years after the drought ended. Therefore, drought and its legacy effects can be important for modeling biogeochemical processes in burned soils under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Hinojosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, Toledo, Spain
| | - Vito Armando Laudicina
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Parra
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, Toledo, Spain
| | - Enrique Albert-Belda
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, Toledo, Spain
| | - José Manuel Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, Toledo, Spain
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Eldridge DJ, Delgado-Baquerizo M. The influence of climatic legacies on the distribution of dryland biocrust communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:327-336. [PMID: 30376206 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the distribution of biocrust species, mosses, lichens and liverworts associated with surface soils is difficult, but climatic legacies (changes in climate over the last 20 k years) can improve our prediction of the distribution of biocrust species. To provide empirical support for this hypothesis, we used a combination of network analyses and structural equation modelling to identify the role of climatic legacies in predicting the distribution of ecological clusters formed by species of mosses, lichens and liverworts using data from 282 large sites distributed across 0.6 million km2 of eastern Australia. Two ecological clusters contained 87% of the 120 moss, lichen and liverwort species. Both clusters contained lichen, moss and liverwort species, but were dominated by different families. Sites where the air temperature increased the most over 20k years (positive temperature legacies) were associated with reductions in the relative abundance of species from the lichen (Peltulaceae and Teloschistaceae) and moss (Bryaceae) families (Cluster A species), greater groundstorey plant cover and lower soil pH. Sites where precipitation has increased over the past 20k years (positive precipitation legacy) were associated with increases in the relative abundance of lichen (Cladoniaceae, Lecideaceae and Thelotremataceae) and moss (Pottiaceae) families (Cluster B species) and lower levels of soil pH. Sites where temperatures have increased the most in the past 20k years suppressed the negative effects of plant cover on Cluster B by reducing plant cover. Increased intensity of grazing suppressed the negative effect of soil pH and the positive effect of soil carbon, on the relative abundance of Cluster B taxa. Finally, increasing temperature and precipitation legacies reduced the negative effect of soil pH on Cluster B. Understanding of the importance of climatic legacies improves our ability to predict how biocrust assemblies might respond to ongoing global environmental change associated with increasing land use intensification, increasing temperature and reduced rainfall.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Eldridge
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
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Existing Climate Change Will Lead to Pronounced Shifts in the Diversity of Soil Prokaryotes. mSystems 2018; 3:mSystems00167-18. [PMID: 30374458 PMCID: PMC6199470 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00167-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil bacteria are key to ecosystem function and maintenance of soil fertility. Leveraging associations of current geographic distributions of bacteria with historic climate, we predict that soil bacterial diversity will increase across the majority (∼75%) of the Tibetan Plateau and northern North America if bacterial communities equilibrate with existing climatic conditions. This prediction is possible because the current distributions of soil bacteria have stronger correlations with climate from ∼50 years ago than with current climate. This lag is likely associated with the time it takes for soil properties to adjust to changes in climate. The predicted changes are location specific and differ across bacterial taxa, including some bacteria that are predicted to have reductions in their distributions. These findings illuminate the widespread potential of climate change to influence belowground diversity and the importance of considering bacterial communities when assessing climate impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. IMPORTANCE There have been many studies highlighting how plant and animal communities lag behind climate change, causing extinction and diversity debts that will slowly be paid as communities equilibrate. By virtue of their short generation times and dispersal abilities, soil bacteria might be expected to respond to climate change quickly and to be effectively in equilibrium with current climatic conditions. We found strong evidence to the contrary in Tibet and North America. These findings could significantly improve understanding of climate impacts on soil microbial communities.
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Delgado-Baquerizo M, Eldridge DJ, Travers SK, Val J, Oliver I, Bissett A. Effects of climate legacies on above- and belowground community assembly. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:4330-4339. [PMID: 29750385 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of climatic legacies in regulating community assembly of above- and belowground species in terrestrial ecosystems remains largely unexplored and poorly understood. Here, we report on two separate regional and continental empirical studies, including >500 locations, aiming to identify the relative importance of climatic legacies (climatic anomaly over the last 20,000 years) compared to current climates in predicting the relative abundance of ecological clusters formed by species strongly co-occurring within two independent above- and belowground networks. Climatic legacies explained a significant portion of the variation in the current community assembly of terrestrial ecosystems (up to 15.4%) that could not be accounted for by current climate, soil properties, and management. Changes in the relative abundance of ecological clusters linked to climatic legacies (e.g., past temperature) showed the potential to indirectly alter other clusters, suggesting cascading effects. Our work illustrates the role of climatic legacies in regulating ecosystem community assembly and provides further insights into possible winner and loser community assemblies under global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - David J Eldridge
- Office of Environment and Heritage, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samantha K Travers
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Val
- Office of Environment and Heritage, Buronga, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Oliver
- Office of Environment and Heritage, Gosford, NSW, Australia
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Phylogenetic conservatism of thermal traits explains dispersal limitation and genomic differentiation of Streptomyces sister-taxa. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 12:2176-2186. [PMID: 29880909 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient is a pattern of biogeography observed broadly in plants and animals but largely undocumented in terrestrial microbial systems. Although patterns of microbial biogeography across broad taxonomic scales have been described in a range of contexts, the mechanisms that generate biogeographic patterns between closely related taxa remain incompletely characterized. Adaptive processes are a major driver of microbial biogeography, but there is less understanding of how microbial biogeography and diversification are shaped by dispersal limitation and drift. We recently described a latitudinal diversity gradient of species richness and intraspecific genetic diversity in Streptomyces by using a geographically explicit culture collection. Within this geographically explicit culture collection, we have identified Streptomyces sister-taxa whose geographic distribution is delimited by latitude. These sister-taxa differ in geographic distribution, genomic diversity, and ecological traits despite having nearly identical SSU rRNA gene sequences. Comparative genomic analysis reveals genomic differentiation of these sister-taxa consistent with restricted gene flow across latitude. Furthermore, we show phylogenetic conservatism of thermal traits between the sister-taxa suggesting that thermal trait adaptation limits dispersal and gene flow across climate regimes as defined by latitude. Such phylogenetic conservatism of thermal traits is commonly associated with latitudinal diversity gradients for plants and animals. These data provide further support for the hypothesis that the Streptomyces latitudinal diversity gradient was formed as a result of historical demographic processes defined by dispersal limitation and driven by paleoclimate dynamics.
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Sanderman J. Comment on "Climate legacies drive global soil carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems". SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:e1701482. [PMID: 29546234 PMCID: PMC5851679 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Delgado-Baquerizo et al. (Science Advances, 12 April 2017, e1602008) use statistical correlations to infer that paleoclimate (6000 to 22,000 years ago) is a more important driver of current soil organic carbon stocks than the current-day climate. On the other hand, a wealth of radiocarbon measurements indicates that the organic carbon in most topsoils is only a few decades to perhaps a few centuries old. These seemingly incongruous results can perhaps be reconciled by considering that the long-term pedogenic development of a soil strongly influences the physiochemical properties, which lead to stabilization of new carbon entering that soil regardless of current climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sanderman
- Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA
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Delgado-Baquerizo M, Eldridge DJ, Maestre FT, Karunaratne SB, Trivedi P, Reich PB, Singh BK. Response to comment on "Climate legacies drive global soil carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystem". SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat1296. [PMID: 29546246 PMCID: PMC5851665 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The technical comment from Sanderman provides a unique opportunity to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms explaining the role of paleoclimate in the contemporary distribution of global soil C content, as reported in our article. Sanderman argues that the role of paleoclimate in predicting soil C content might be accounted for by using slowly changing soil properties as predictors. This is a key point that we highlighted in the supplementary materials of our article, which demonstrated, to the degree possible given available data, that soil properties alone cannot account for the unique portion of the variation in soil C explained by paleoclimate. Sanderman also raised an interesting question about how paleoclimate might explain the contemporary amount of C in our soils if such a C is relatively new, particularly in the topsoil layer. There is one relatively simple, yet plausible, reason. A soil with a higher amount of C, a consequence of accumulation over millennia, might promote higher contemporary C fixation rates, leading to a higher amount of new C in our soils. Thus, paleoclimate can be a good predictor of the amount of soil C in soil, but not necessarily of its age. In summary, Sanderman did not question the validity of our results but rather provides an alternative potential mechanistic explanation for the conclusion of our original article, that is, that paleoclimate explains a unique portion of the global variation of soil C content that cannot be accounted for by current climate, vegetation attributes, or soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles 28933, Spain
| | - David J. Eldridge
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Fernando T. Maestre
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles 28933, Spain
| | - Senani B. Karunaratne
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Building L9, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Peter B. Reich
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Building L9, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South, New South Wales 2751, Australia
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Building L9, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South, New South Wales 2751, Australia
- Global Centre for Land Based Innovation, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South, New South Wales 2751, Australia
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Fordham DA, Saltré F, Brown SC, Mellin C, Wigley TML. Why decadal to century timescale palaeoclimate data are needed to explain present-day patterns of biological diversity and change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:1371-1381. [PMID: 28994170 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current distribution of species, environmental conditions and their interactions represent only one snapshot of a planet that is continuously changing, in part due to human influences. To distinguish human impacts from natural factors, the magnitude and pace of climate shifts, since the Last Glacial Maximum, are often used to determine whether patterns of diversity today are artefacts of past climate change. In the absence of high-temporal resolution palaeoclimate reconstructions, this is generally done by assuming that past climate change occurred at a linear pace between widely spaced (usually, ≥1,000 years) climate snapshots. We show here that this is a flawed assumption because regional climates have changed significantly across decades and centuries during glacial-interglacial cycles, likely causing rapid regional replacement of biota. We demonstrate how recent atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) simulations of the climate of the past 21,000 years can provide credible estimates of the details of climate change on decadal to centennial timescales, showing that these details differ radically from what might be inferred from longer timescale information. High-temporal resolution information can provide more meaningful estimates of the magnitude and pace of climate shifts, the location and timing of drivers of physiological stress, and the extent of novel climates. They also produce new opportunities to directly investigate whether short-term climate variability is more important in shaping biodiversity patterns rather than gradual changes in long-term climatic means. Together, these more accurate measures of past climate instability are likely to bring about a better understanding of the role of palaeoclimatic change and variability in shaping current macroecological patterns in many regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Fordham
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Frédérik Saltré
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stuart C Brown
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Camille Mellin
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - Tom M L Wigley
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
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