1
|
Parab AS, Manohar CS. Insights into the seasonal changes in the taxonomic and functional diversity of bacteria in the eastern Arabian Sea: Shotgun metagenomics approach. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 199:106616. [PMID: 38941664 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) is known for its unique oceanographic features such as the seasonal monsoonal winds, upwelling of nutrient-rich waters and a significant increase in primary productivity during the monsoon season. In this study, we utilised the shotgun metagenomics approach to determine the seasonal variations in bacterial taxonomic and functional profiles during the non-monsoon and monsoon seasons in the EAS. Significant seasonal variations in the bacterial community structure were observed at the phylum and genera levels. These findings also correspond with seasonal shifts in the functional profiles of the bacterial communities based on the variations of genes encoding enzymes associated with different metabolic pathways. Pronounced seasonal variation of bacterial taxa was evident with an increased abundance of Idiomarina, Marinobacter, Psychrobacter and Alteromonas of Proteobacteria, Bacillus and Staphylococcus of Firmicutes during the non-monsoon season. These taxa were linked to elevated nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis, amino acid and lipid degradation. Conversely, during the monsoon, the taxa composition changed with Alteromonas, Candidatus Pelagibacter of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria Synechococcus; contributing largely to the amino acid and lipid biosynthesis, fermentation and inorganic nutrient metabolism which was evident from functional analysis. Regression analysis confirmed that increased seasonal primary productivity significantly influenced the abundance of genes associated with carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. These highlight the pivotal role of seasonal changes in primary productivity in shaping the bacterial communities, their functional profiles and driving the biogeochemical cycling in the EAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Shankar Parab
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, 403206, India
| | - Cathrine Sumathi Manohar
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim SH, Kim MS, Lee DH, Shin KH. Impact of typhoons on anthropogenic nitrogen sources in Lake Sihwa, South Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116324. [PMID: 38579447 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the nitrate dual isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) of water samples to trace nitrate sources in Lake Sihwa, which encompasses various land-use types (e.g., urban, industry, wetland, and agriculture). The biogeochemical interactions of anthropogenic nitrogen sources (e.g., soil, road dust, and septic water) were also evaluated through multiple pathways from terrestrial boundaries to the water column. Based on increased concentrations of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN; 3.1 ± 1.6 mg/L) after typhoon, the variation of element stoichiometry (N:P:Si) in this system shifted to the relatively N-rich conditions (DIN/DIP; 14.1 ± 8.1, DIN/DSi; 1.4 ± 1.8), potentially triggering the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Furthermore, discriminative isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3; 4.0 ± 2.1 ‰, δ18ONO3; 6.1 ± 4.3 ‰) after the typhoon suggested the increased DTN input of anthropogenic origins within Lake Sihwa would be mainly transported from urban sources (76 ± 9 %). Consequently, the isotopic-based approach may be useful for effective water quality management under increased anthropogenic activities near aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Kim
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Fundamental Environment Research, Environmental Measurement and Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- Division of Earth and Environmental System Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen M, Jiang S, Han A, Yang M, Tkalich P, Liu M. Bunkering for change: Knowledge preparedness on the environmental aspect of ammonia as a marine fuel. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167677. [PMID: 37832674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen cycling is essential to ecosystem functioning and the overall health of our planet. Ammonia, a nitrogen-containing product, as well as a nutrient, is promoted as a low-carbon fuel for the maritime sector, with spectacular production increase in plan. Similar to any other widespread fuels in the past, it is paramount to be prepared for the potential environmental impact of ammonia fuel. Here, through our preliminary calculations using literature data, we suggest that the amount of ammonia to be produced to fulfil the maritime energy need by 2050 may entail large alterations in global nitrogen cycling. Currently, the literature based on limited known cases of ammonia excess is insufficient to quantify the environmental impacts caused by the probable increase in bunkering ammonia release at global scale. With a few knowledge gaps identified, we call on the marine science community to investigate the potential environmental impact related to substantial ammonia excess, contributing new knowledge to a more environmentally sustainable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Chen
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119227, Singapore.
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Aiqin Han
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mengyao Yang
- Maritime Energy & Sustainable Development Centre of Excellence, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Pavel Tkalich
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119227, Singapore
| | - Ming Liu
- Maritime Energy & Sustainable Development Centre of Excellence, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Armin G, Kim J, Inomura K. Saturating growth rate against phosphorus concentration explained by macromolecular allocation. mSystems 2023; 8:e0061123. [PMID: 37642424 PMCID: PMC10654069 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00611-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Monod equation has been used to represent the relationship between growth rate and the environmental nutrient concentration under the limitation of this respective nutrient. This model often serves as a means to connect microorganisms to their environment, specifically in ecosystem and global models. Here, we use a simple model of a marine microorganism cell to illustrate the model's ability to capture the same relationship as Monod, while highlighting the additional physiological details our model provides. In this study, we focus on the relationship between growth rate and phosphorus concentration and find that RNA allocation largely contributes to the commonly observed trend. This work emphasizes the potential role our model could play in connecting microorganisms to the surrounding environment while using realistic physiological representations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Armin
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jongsun Kim
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Keisuke Inomura
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chien CT, Pahlow M, Schartau M, Li N, Oschlies A. Effects of phytoplankton physiology on global ocean biogeochemistry and climate. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg1725. [PMID: 37494440 PMCID: PMC10371029 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The similarity of the average ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in marine dissolved inorganic and particulate organic matter, dN:P and pN:P, respectively, indicates tight links between those pools in the world ocean. Here, we analyze this linkage by varying phytoplankton N and P subsistence quotas in an optimality-based ecosystem model coupled to an Earth system model. The analysis of our ensemble of simulations discloses various feedbacks between changes in the N and P quotas, N2 fixation, and denitrification that weaken the often-hypothesized tight coupling between dN:P and pN:P. We demonstrate the importance of particulate N:C and P:C ratios for regulating dN:P on the global scale, with marine oxygen level being an important control. Our analysis provides further insight into the potential interdependence of phytoplankton physiology and global climate conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Te Chien
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Pahlow
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Schartau
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Na Li
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Oschlies
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang W, Han S, Zhang D, Shan B, Wei D. Variations in dissolved oxygen and aquatic biological responses in China's coastal seas. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115418. [PMID: 36738771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coastal areas can represent an ecological transition zone with the function of biodiversity conservation, and good water quality is fundamental to maintaining this function. In this study, we analyzed data from 2011 to 2020 to reveal the variation in dissolved oxygen (DO) and the aquatic biological response in China's coastal seas. Results showed that DO in coastal waters exhibited an upward trend from 2011 to 2020 because of reduction in terrestrial anthropogenic pollutant (TAP) input. In comparison with DO in other seas, the DO content in the East China Sea was lower owing to higher TAP input, i.e., the proportion of DO of <5 mg L-1 accounted for approximately 60% of the total. Species numbers, density, and the species diversity index of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos were different in the different sea areas because phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos have different responses to changes in DO. In comparison with the species numbers of zooplankton and macrobenthos, the species numbers of phytoplankton were more significantly related to DO, and showed a negative linear relationship with a better DO environment (DO ≥ 5 mg L-1; r2 = 0.39, p < 0.01) and positive correlation with a poor DO environment (DO < 3 mg L-1; r2 = 0.52, p < 0.01). A better DO environment is conducive to increased density of macrobenthos. Studies have shown that a good DO environment contributes to coastal ecosystem health, and continuous control of TAP input is an effective means of ensuring DO recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Songjie Han
- State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Dianwei Zhang
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, Handan, 056038, PR China
| | - Baoqing Shan
- State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Dongyang Wei
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang H, Galbraith E, Convertino M. Algal Bloom Ties: Spreading Network Inference and Extreme Eco-Environmental Feedback. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:e25040636. [PMID: 37190425 PMCID: PMC10138021 DOI: 10.3390/e25040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Coastal marine ecosystems worldwide are increasingly affected by tide alterations and anthropogenic disturbances affecting the water quality and leading to frequent algal blooms. Increased bloom persistence is a serious threat due to the long-lasting impacts on ecological processes and services, such as carbon cycling and sequestration. The exploration of eco-environmental feedback and algal bloom patterns remains challenging and poorly investigated, mostly due to the paucity of data and lack of model-free approaches to infer universal bloom dynamics. Florida Bay, taken as an epitome for biodiversity and blooms, has long experienced algal blooms in its central and western regions, and, in 2006, an unprecedented bloom occurred in the eastern habitats rich in corals and vulnerable habitats. With global aims, we analyze the occurrence of blooms in Florida Bay from three perspectives: (1) the spatial spreading networks of chlorophyll-a (CHLa) that pinpoint the source and unbalanced habitats; (2) the fluctuations of water quality factors pre- and post-bloom outbreaks to assess the environmental impacts of ecological imbalances and target the prevention and control of algal blooms; and (3) the topological co-evolution of biogeochemical and spreading networks to quantify ecosystem stability and the likelihood of ecological shifts toward endemic blooms in the long term. Here, we propose the transfer entropy (TE) difference to infer salient dynamical inter actions between the spatial areas and biogeochemical factors (ecosystem connectome) underpinning bloom emergence and spread as well as environmental effects. A Pareto principle, defining the top 20% of areal interactions, is found to identify bloom spreading and the salient eco-environmental interactions of CHLa associated with endemic and epidemic regimes. We quantify the spatial dynamics of algal blooms and, thus, obtain areas in critical need for ecological monitoring and potential bloom control. The results show that algal blooms are increasingly persistent over space with long-term negative effects on water quality factors, in particular, about how blooms affect temperature locally. A dichotomy is reported between spatial ecological corridors of spreading and biogeochemical networks as well as divergence from the optimal eco-organization: randomization of the former due to nutrient overload and temperature increase leads to scale-free CHLa spreading and extreme outbreaks a posteriori. Subsequently, the occurrence of blooms increases bloom persistence, turbidity and salinity with potentially strong ecological effects on highly biodiverse and vulnerable habitats, such as tidal flats, salt-marshes and mangroves. The probabilistic distribution of CHLa is found to be indicative of endemic and epidemic regimes, where the former sets the system to higher energy dissipation, larger instability and lower predictability. Algal blooms are important ecosystem regulators of nutrient cycles; however, chlorophyll-a outbreaks cause vast ecosystem impacts, such as aquatic species mortality and carbon flux alteration due to their effects on water turbidity, nutrient cycling (nitrogen and phosphorus in particular), salinity and temperature. Beyond compromising the local water quality, other socio-ecological services are also compromised at large scales, including carbon sequestration, which affects climate regulation from local to global environments. Yet, ecological assessment models, such as the one presented, inferring bloom regions and their stability to pinpoint risks, are in need of application in aquatic ecosystems, such as subtropical and tropical bays, to assess optimal preventive controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojiong Wang
- Laboratory of Information Communication Networks, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Elroy Galbraith
- Laboratory of Information Communication Networks, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Matteo Convertino
- fuTuRE EcoSystems Lab (TREES), Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|