1
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Regalado JM, Corredera Asensio A, Haunold T, Toader AC, Li YR, Neal LA, Rajasethupathy P. Neural activity ramps in frontal cortex signal extended motivation during learning. eLife 2024; 13:RP93983. [PMID: 39037775 PMCID: PMC11262795 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Learning requires the ability to link actions to outcomes. How motivation facilitates learning is not well understood. We designed a behavioral task in which mice self-initiate trials to learn cue-reward contingencies and found that the anterior cingulate region of the prefrontal cortex (ACC) contains motivation-related signals to maximize rewards. In particular, we found that ACC neural activity was consistently tied to trial initiations where mice seek to leave unrewarded cues to reach reward-associated cues. Notably, this neural signal persisted over consecutive unrewarded cues until reward-associated cues were reached, and was required for learning. To determine how ACC inherits this motivational signal we performed projection-specific photometry recordings from several inputs to ACC during learning. In doing so, we identified a ramp in bulk neural activity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-to-ACC projections as mice received unrewarded cues, which continued ramping across consecutive unrewarded cues, and finally peaked upon reaching a reward-associated cue, thus maintaining an extended motivational state. Cellular resolution imaging of OFC confirmed these neural correlates of motivation, and further delineated separate ensembles of neurons that sequentially tiled the ramp. Together, these results identify a mechanism by which OFC maps out task structure to convey an extended motivational state to ACC to facilitate goal-directed learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue M Regalado
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Theresa Haunold
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Andrew C Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yan Ran Li
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Lauren A Neal
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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2
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Wang F, Sun H, Chen M, Feng B, Lu Y, Lyu M, Cui D, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Wang C, Wu H, Ma X, Zhu F, Wang Q, Li Y. The thalamic reticular nucleus orchestrates social memory. Neuron 2024; 112:2368-2385.e11. [PMID: 38701789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Social memory has been developed in humans and other animals to recognize familiar conspecifics and is essential for their survival and reproduction. Here, we demonstrated that parvalbumin-positive neurons in the sensory thalamic reticular nucleus (sTRNPvalb) are necessary and sufficient for mice to memorize conspecifics. sTRNPvalb neurons receiving glutamatergic projections from the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) transmit individual information by inhibiting the parafascicular thalamic nucleus (PF). Mice in which the PPCCaMKII→sTRNPvalb→PF circuit was inhibited exhibited a disrupted ability to discriminate familiar conspecifics from novel ones. More strikingly, a subset of sTRNPvalb neurons with high electrophysiological excitability and complex dendritic arborizations is involved in the above corticothalamic pathway and stores social memory. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the biochemical basis of these subset cells as a robust activation of protein synthesis. These findings elucidate that sTRNPvalb neurons modulate social memory by coordinating a hitherto unknown corticothalamic circuit and inhibitory memory engram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feidi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huan Sun
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mingyue Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ban Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mi Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dongqi Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yifang Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yaomin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Changhe Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Core Facilities Sharing Platform, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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3
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Chen W, Liang J, Wu Q, Han Y. Anterior cingulate cortex provides the neural substrates for feedback-driven iteration of decision and value representation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6020. [PMID: 39019943 PMCID: PMC11255269 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adjusting decision-making under uncertain and dynamic situations is the hallmark of intelligence. It requires a system capable of converting feedback information to renew the internal value. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) involves in error and reward events that prompt switching or maintenance of current decision strategies. However, it is unclear whether and how the changes of stimulus-action mapping during behavioral adaptation are encoded, nor how such computation drives decision adaptation. Here, we tracked ACC activity in male mice performing go/no-go auditory discrimination tasks with manipulated stimulus-reward contingencies. Individual ACC neurons integrate the outcome information to the value representation in the next-run trials. Dynamic recruitment of them determines the learning rate of error-guided value iteration and decision adaptation, forming a non-linear feedback-driven updating system to secure the appropriate decision switch. Optogenetically suppressing ACC significantly slowed down feedback-driven decision switching without interfering with the execution of the established strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiejunyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qiyun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yunyun Han
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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4
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Li X, Du Y, Huang JF, Li WW, Song W, Fan RN, Zhou H, Jiang T, Lu CG, Guan Z, Wang XF, Gong H, Li XN, Li A, Fu L, Sun YG. Link Brain-Wide Projectome to Neuronal Dynamics in the Mouse Brain. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01232-z. [PMID: 38819707 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the neuronal dynamics and the projectome are both essential for understanding how the neuronal network functions in concert. However, it remains challenging to obtain the neural activity and the brain-wide projectome for the same neurons, especially for neurons in subcortical brain regions. Here, by combining in vivo microscopy and high-definition fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography, we have developed strategies for mapping the brain-wide projectome of functionally relevant neurons in the somatosensory cortex, the dorsal hippocampus, and the substantia nigra pars compacta. More importantly, we also developed a strategy to achieve acquiring the neural dynamic and brain-wide projectome of the molecularly defined neuronal subtype. The strategies developed in this study solved the essential problem of linking brain-wide projectome to neuronal dynamics for neurons in subcortical structures and provided valuable approaches for understanding how the brain is functionally organized via intricate connectivity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Du
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Coginition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiang-Feng Huang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Wei Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Coginition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Fan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Coginition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chang-Geng Lu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuang Guan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Coginition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Li
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ling Fu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Yan-Gang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Coginition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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5
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Regalado JM, Asensio AC, Haunold T, Toader AC, Li YR, Neal LA, Rajasethupathy P. Neural activity ramps in frontal cortex signal extended motivation during learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.15.562395. [PMID: 37905153 PMCID: PMC10614791 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.15.562395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Learning requires the ability to link actions to outcomes. How motivation facilitates learning is not well understood. We designed a behavioral task in which mice self-initiate trials to learn cue-reward contingencies and found that the anterior cingulate region of the prefrontal cortex (ACC) contains motivation-related signals to maximize rewards. In particular, we found that ACC neural activity was consistently tied to trial initiations where mice seek to leave unrewarded cues to reach reward-associated cues. Notably, this neural signal persisted over consecutive unrewarded cues until reward associated cues were reached, and was required for learning. To determine how ACC inherits this motivational signal we performed projection specific photometry recordings from several inputs to ACC during learning. In doing so, we identified a ramp in bulk neural activity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-to-ACC projections as mice received unrewarded cues, which continued ramping across consecutive unrewarded cues, and finally peaked upon reaching a reward associated cue, thus maintaining an extended motivational state. Cellular resolution imaging of OFC confirmed these neural correlates of motivation, and further delineated separate ensembles of neurons that sequentially tiled the ramp. Together, these results identify a mechanism by which OFC maps out task structure to convey an extended motivational state to ACC to facilitate goal-directed learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue M. Regalado
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | | | - Theresa Haunold
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Andrew C. Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Yan Ran Li
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Lauren A. Neal
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Priya Rajasethupathy
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
- Lead contact
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Yadav N, Toader A, Rajasethupathy P. Beyond hippocampus: Thalamic and prefrontal contributions to an evolving memory. Neuron 2024; 112:1045-1059. [PMID: 38272026 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus has long been at the center of memory research, and rightfully so. However, with emerging technological capabilities, we can increasingly appreciate memory as a more dynamic and brain-wide process. In this perspective, our goal is to begin developing models to understand the gradual evolution, reorganization, and stabilization of memories across the brain after their initial formation in the hippocampus. By synthesizing studies across the rodent and human literature, we suggest that as memory representations initially form in hippocampus, parallel traces emerge in frontal cortex that cue memory recall, and as they mature, with sustained support initially from limbic then diencephalic then cortical circuits, they become progressively independent of hippocampus and dependent on a mature cortical representation. A key feature of this model is that, as time progresses, memory representations are passed on to distinct circuits with progressively longer time constants, providing the opportunity to filter, forget, update, or reorganize memories in the process of committing to long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakul Yadav
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Priya Rajasethupathy
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Peng Y, Huang H, Liao Y, Diao Y, Lin C, Liu Y, Xu C, Gao M, He Y, Yang G. Risk factors affecting the sleep quality of patients on dialysis: A single-center cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37577. [PMID: 38552063 PMCID: PMC10977595 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep quality is among the common complication in patients on dialysis and serious affect their health and quality of life; however, other associated risk factors are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors affecting sleep quality in patients on dialysis. Data were collected from 260 patients who met the inclusion criteria at out hospital from May 2023 to October 2023. Questionnaires were completed by patients, and biochemical indicators were obtained from past medical records. Univariate and multifactor analyses were used to find factors influencing sleep quality in patients on dialysis. Simple linear regression results showed that female, type of kidney primary disease, high systolic blood pressure (SBP), pruritus, pruritus frequency, restless legs syndrome (RLS), anxiety, and depression were associated with poor sleep quality. Blood biochemical parameters showed that low sodium and calcium levels and high ferritin levels were associated with poor sleep quality. Multiple linear regression statistics showed that female, pruritus, RLS, high SBP, depression, and high ferritin levels were associated with poor sleep quality. This study showed that female, chronic nephritis syndrome, high SBP, pruritus, RLS, low mood. and high ferritin levels were associated with poor sleep quality. Future development of individual nursing and targeted therapies is key to improving sleep quality in patients on dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Peng
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huie Huang
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yumei Liao
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhan Diao
- Department of Medical Records & Statistics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Intelligent Hospital Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuangpeng Lin
- Department of Medical Records & Statistics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Intelligent Hospital Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Medical Records & Statistics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Intelligent Hospital Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunhua Xu
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Gao
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan He
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Urology and Nephrology, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Tian M, Kawaguchi R, Shen Y, Machnicki M, Villegas NG, Cooper DR, Montgomery N, Haring J, Lan R, Yuan AH, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Zhang Y, De Biase LM, Silva AJ, Carmichael ST. Intercellular Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dementia Repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.24.585301. [PMID: 38585718 PMCID: PMC10996514 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.24.585301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a white matter ischemic disease and the second-leading cause of dementia, with no direct therapy. Within the lesion site, cell-cell interactions dictate the trajectory towards disease progression or repair. To elucidate the underlying intercellular signaling pathways, a VaD mouse model was developed for transcriptomic and functional studies. The mouse VaD transcriptome was integrated with a human VaD snRNA-Seq dataset. A custom-made database encompassing 4053 human and 2032 mouse ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions identified significantly altered pathways shared between human and mouse VaD. Two intercellular L-R systems, Serpine2-Lrp1 and CD39-A3AR, were selected for mechanistic study as both the ligand and receptor were dysregulated in VaD. Decreased Seprine2 expression enhances OPC differentiation in VaD repair. A clinically relevant drug that reverses the loss of CD39-A3AR function promotes tissue and behavioral recovery in the VaD model. This study presents novel intercellular signaling targets and may open new avenues for VaD therapies.
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9
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Karami B, Schwiedrzik CM. Visual perceptual learning of feature conjunctions leverages non-linear mixed selectivity. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2024; 9:13. [PMID: 38429339 PMCID: PMC10907723 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Visual objects are often defined by multiple features. Therefore, learning novel objects entails learning feature conjunctions. Visual cortex is organized into distinct anatomical compartments, each of which is devoted to processing a single feature. A prime example are neurons purely selective to color and orientation, respectively. However, neurons that jointly encode multiple features (mixed selectivity) also exist across the brain and play critical roles in a multitude of tasks. Here, we sought to uncover the optimal policy that our brain adapts to achieve conjunction learning using these available resources. 59 human subjects practiced orientation-color conjunction learning in four psychophysical experiments designed to nudge the visual system towards using one or the other resource. We find that conjunction learning is possible by linear mixing of pure color and orientation information, but that more and faster learning takes place when both pure and mixed selectivity representations are involved. We also find that learning with mixed selectivity confers advantages in performing an untrained "exclusive or" (XOR) task several months after learning the original conjunction task. This study sheds light on possible mechanisms underlying conjunction learning and highlights the importance of learning by mixed selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Karami
- Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Perception and Plasticity Group, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Caspar M Schwiedrzik
- Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Perception and Plasticity Group, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Schonhaut DR, Rao AM, Ramayya AG, Solomon EA, Herweg NA, Fried I, Kahana MJ. MTL neurons phase-lock to human hippocampal theta. eLife 2024; 13:e85753. [PMID: 38193826 PMCID: PMC10948143 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory formation depends on neural activity across a network of regions, including the hippocampus and broader medial temporal lobe (MTL). Interactions between these regions have been studied indirectly using functional MRI, but the bases for interregional communication at a cellular level remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluate the hypothesis that oscillatory currents in the hippocampus synchronize the firing of neurons both within and outside the hippocampus. We recorded extracellular spikes from 1854 single- and multi-units simultaneously with hippocampal local field potentials (LFPs) in 28 neurosurgical patients who completed virtual navigation experiments. A majority of hippocampal neurons phase-locked to oscillations in the slow (2-4 Hz) or fast (6-10 Hz) theta bands, with a significant subset exhibiting nested slow theta × beta frequency (13-20 Hz) phase-locking. Outside of the hippocampus, phase-locking to hippocampal oscillations occurred only at theta frequencies and primarily among neurons in the entorhinal cortex and amygdala. Moreover, extrahippocampal neurons phase-locked to hippocampal theta even when theta did not appear locally. These results indicate that spike-time synchronization with hippocampal theta is a defining feature of neuronal activity in the hippocampus and structurally connected MTL regions. Theta phase-locking could mediate flexible communication with the hippocampus to influence the content and quality of memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Schonhaut
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Aditya M Rao
- Department of Psychology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ashwin G Ramayya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ethan A Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Nora A Herweg
- Department of Psychology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Itzhak Fried
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine and Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael
| | - Michael J Kahana
- Department of Psychology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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11
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Thrailkill EA. Hippocampus and neocortex send and receive predictive information. Learn Behav 2023; 51:353-354. [PMID: 36544057 PMCID: PMC10282101 DOI: 10.3758/s13420-022-00563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A recent paper published in Nature by Yadav and colleagues (Nature 608 (7921): 153-160, 2022) illustrates a fundamental aspect on how different brain areas participate in memory storage and retrieval. After identifying neuron activity in the hippocampus CA1 region specific to multi-modal stimuli that predicted appetitive and aversive unconditioned stimuli (conjunctive stimulus encoding), the authors showed that neurons located in the anterior cingulate cortex dynamically encode the discrete sensory features of the outcome-predictive stimuli during training, and these highly specific feature-based projections can excite or inhibit conjunctive-coding neurons in the hippocampus during retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Thrailkill
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Departments of Psychological Science and Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Avenue, Room 106, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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12
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Liu P, Gao C, Wu J, Wu T, Zhang Y, Liu C, Sun C, Li A. Negative valence encoding in the lateral entorhinal cortex during aversive olfactory learning. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113204. [PMID: 37804511 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory learning is widely regarded as a substrate for animal survival. The exact brain areas involved in olfactory learning and how they function at various stages during learning remain elusive. Here, we investigate the role of the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) and the posterior piriform cortex (PPC), two important olfactory areas, in aversive olfactory learning. We find that the LEC is involved in the acquisition of negative odor value during olfactory fear conditioning, whereas the PPC is involved in the memory-retrieval phase. Furthermore, inhibition of LEC CaMKIIα+ neurons affects fear encoding, fear memory recall, and PPC responses to a conditioned odor. These findings provide direct evidence for the involvement of LEC CaMKIIα+ neurons in negative valence encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Changyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Changcheng Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Anan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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13
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Totty MS, Tuna T, Ramanathan KR, Jin J, Peters SE, Maren S. Thalamic nucleus reuniens coordinates prefrontal-hippocampal synchrony to suppress extinguished fear. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6565. [PMID: 37848425 PMCID: PMC10582091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic events result in vivid and enduring fear memories. Suppressing the retrieval of these memories is central to behavioral therapies for pathological fear. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HPC) have been implicated in retrieval suppression, but how mPFC-HPC activity is coordinated during extinction retrieval is unclear. Here we show that after extinction training, coherent theta oscillations (6-9 Hz) in the HPC and mPFC are correlated with the suppression of conditioned freezing in male and female rats. Inactivation of the nucleus reuniens (RE), a thalamic hub interconnecting the mPFC and HPC, reduces extinction-related Fos expression in both the mPFC and HPC, dampens mPFC-HPC theta coherence, and impairs extinction retrieval. Conversely, theta-paced optogenetic stimulation of RE augments fear suppression and reduces relapse of extinguished fear. Collectively, these results demonstrate a role for RE in coordinating mPFC-HPC interactions to suppress fear memories after extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Totty
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tuğçe Tuna
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Karthik R Ramanathan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jingji Jin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shaun E Peters
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Stephen Maren
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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14
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Guskjolen A, Cembrowski MS. Engram neurons: Encoding, consolidation, retrieval, and forgetting of memory. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3207-3219. [PMID: 37369721 PMCID: PMC10618102 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous strides have been made in our understanding of the neurobiological substrates of memory - the so-called memory "engram". Here, we integrate recent progress in the engram field to illustrate how engram neurons transform across the "lifespan" of a memory - from initial memory encoding, to consolidation and retrieval, and ultimately to forgetting. To do so, we first describe how cell-intrinsic properties shape the initial emergence of the engram at memory encoding. Second, we highlight how these encoding neurons preferentially participate in synaptic- and systems-level consolidation of memory. Third, we describe how these changes during encoding and consolidation guide neural reactivation during retrieval, and facilitate memory recall. Fourth, we describe neurobiological mechanisms of forgetting, and how these mechanisms can counteract engram properties established during memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. Motivated by recent experimental results across these four sections, we conclude by proposing some conceptual extensions to the traditional view of the engram, including broadening the view of cell-type participation within engrams and across memory stages. In collection, our review synthesizes general principles of the engram across memory stages, and describes future avenues to further understand the dynamic engram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Guskjolen
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Mark S Cembrowski
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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15
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Arulchelvan E, Vanneste S. Promising neurostimulation routes for targeting the hippocampus to improve episodic memory: A review. Brain Res 2023:148457. [PMID: 37315722 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight modern neurostimulation approaches that are effectively activating the hippocampus and enhancing episodic memory performance. The hippocampus is a brain region known to play an essential role in episodic memory processes. However, as it is nestled deep within the brain, it has been a challenging target for traditional neurostimulation approaches, with studies reporting inconsistent memory effects. Recent studies suggest more than half of the electrical current from non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods may be attenuated by the human scalp, skull, and cerebral spinal fluid. Thus, this review aims to highlight novel neurostimulation approaches that are showing promise as alternative routes for activating hippocampal circuitry. Early evidence suggests temporal interference, closed-loop and individualized protocols, sensory stimulation and peripheral nerve-targeted tES protocols warrant further investigation. These approaches each provide promising routes for activating the hippocampus by a) increasing its functional connectiveness to key brain regions, b) strengthening synaptic plasticity mechanisms, or c) enhancing neural entrainment specifically within and between theta and gamma frequencies in these regions. Importantly, these three functional mechanisms and the hippocampus' structural integrity are negatively impacted throughout the progression of Alzheimer's Disease, with episodic memory deficits likewise evident in early stages. Consequently, depending on further validation of the approaches reviewed here, these techniques could offer significant applied therapeutic value for patients suffering from memory deficits or neurodegenerative diseases including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Arulchelvan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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16
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He J, Chen Y, Dai S, Chen F, Wang Y, Shi T, Chen L, Liu Y, Chen J, Xie P. First insights into region-specific lipidome alterations of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice exposed chronically to microcystins. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 177:108018. [PMID: 37329758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs), a group of most widespread freshwater cyanotoxins that possess strong neurotoxicity, can adversely affect brain structures and functions and are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the essential role of lipids in brain structures and functions, the brain lipidome profile of mammals exposed to MCs remains unexplored, hindering a clear understanding of the neurotoxic effects of MCs and underlying mechanisms. In this study, we performed untargeted lipidomic profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice orally exposed to 30 and 300 μg/kg body mass/day of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) for 180 days to evaluate the impacts of MC-LR on the brain lipidome profile and functions. Our results show that MC-LR resulted in a decline in cognitive parameters, as assessed by the Morris water maze test. Interestingly, apparent neurodegenerative changes were observed in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Comprehensive lipidomic analyses uncovered profound, region-specific changes in the phospholipid and sphingolipid profile at the levels of lipid subclasses, lipid species, and fatty acyl composition. These changes showed overall decrease trends of lipid content in the prefrontal cortex yet increasing trends in the hippocampus. We identified distinct transcriptional regulations of lipid metabolism and apoptosis by MC-LR in the two regions, which appeared to underlie the neurodegenerative changes. Collectively, this study uncovers region-specific changes in the brain lipidome profile and functions induced by MCs, shedding light on the role of lipid dysfunction in neurotoxicity mechanism of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Dai
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yeke Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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17
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Gao C, Cao Y, He M, Zhang X, Zhong Q, Tang L, Chen T, Zhang Z. SAG treatment ameliorates memory impairment related to sleep loss by upregulating synaptic plasticity in adolescent mice. Behav Brain Res 2023; 450:114468. [PMID: 37148913 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Adequate sleep during the developmental stage can promote learning and memory functions because synaptic protein synthesis at primed synapses during sleep profoundly affects neurological function. The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway affects neuroplasticity in the hippocampus during the development of the central nervous system. In this study, the changes in synaptic morphology and function induced by sleep deprivation and the potential therapeutic effect of a Shh agonist (SAG) on these changes were investigated in adolescent mice. Adolescent mice were subjected to sleep deprivation for 20 hrs (2pm to 10 am the next day) and were free to sleep for the remaining 4 hrs per day for 10 consecutive days. Sleep-deprived mice were injected with SAG (10mg/kg body weight, i.p.) or saline (i.p.) every day 5min before the onset of the 20h sleep deprivation period. Chronic sleep deprivation impaired recognition and spatial memory, decreased the number of dendritic spines and mEPSCs of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, decreased the postsynaptic density, and reduced Shh and glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) expression. SAG significantly protected against sleep deprivation-induced memory dysfunction, increased the CA1 pyramidal neuronal dendritic spine number and mEPSC frequency, and increased Gli1 expression. In conclusion, sleep deprivation induces memory impairment in adolescent mice, and SAG treatment prevents this impairment, probably by enhancing synaptic function in the hippocampal CA1 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mengying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lijuan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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18
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Zhang Q, Li M, Wang Z, Chen F. Sex differences in learning and performing the Go/NoGo tasks. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:25. [PMID: 37138307 PMCID: PMC10155458 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of learning and post-learning performances is critical for daily life. The behavioral flexibility is equally important for adapting the changing circumstances. The learning process requires repeated practices, which enhances prompt and proper behavioral responses, in turn, which promotes habits formation as well. Despite the well-documented sex differences in learning and performances, contradictory results were reported. A possible cause might be a systematic analysis due to specific research interests, regardless of the continuity of natural acquisition process. Here, we investigate the potential sex differences in learning, performances and adjustments of habited behaviors with regular and reversal Go/NoGo tasks. METHODS Both male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. All rats were trained for a regular rodent Go/NoGo task and a subset of rats were trained for a reversal rodent Go/NoGo task, both with strict elimination criteria. The behavioral performance data were stored in PC for off-line analysis. Multiple behavioral indices were analyzed for both passed and retired rats. RESULTS The ability of learning the regular the reversal Go/NoGo tasks was similar for both male and female rats, however, the female rats took longer time to master the task principles in later stages for both tasks. In the regular Go/NoGo task, the female rats spent more time on completing the trial in performance optimization phases, which implied female rats were more cautious than male rats. Along with the progression of training, both male and female rats developed Go-preference strategies to perform the regular Go/NoGo task, which induced failure to meet the setting success criteria. The retired male rats exhibited shorter RTs and MTs than the retired female rats after developing Go-preference. Moreover, the time needed to complete the Go trials was significantly prolonged for male rats in the reversal Go/NoGo task. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we conclude that distinctive strategies were employed in performing Go/NoGo tasks for both male and female rats. Male rats required less time to stabilize the performance in behavioral optimization phase. In addition, male rats were more accurate in estimating time elapsing. In contrast, female rats took more cautious considerations in performing the task, through which minimal influences were manifested in the reversal version of task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiru Wang
- The Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fujun Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Das A, Menon V. Concurrent- and After-Effects of Medial Temporal Lobe Stimulation on Directed Information Flow to and from Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices during Memory Formation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:3159-3175. [PMID: 36963847 PMCID: PMC10146497 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1728-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) has the potential to uncover causal circuit mechanisms underlying memory function. However, little is known about how MTL stimulation alters information flow with frontoparietal cortical regions implicated in episodic memory. We used intracranial EEG recordings from humans (14 participants, 10 females) to investigate how MTL stimulation alters directed information flow between MTL and PFC and between MTL and posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Participants performed a verbal episodic memory task during which they were presented with words and asked to recall them after a delay of ∼20 s; 50 Hz stimulation was applied to MTL electrodes on selected trials during memory encoding. Directed information flow was examined using phase transfer entropy. Behaviorally, we observed that MTL stimulation reduced memory recall. MTL stimulation decreased top-down PFC→MTL directed information flow during both memory encoding and subsequent memory recall, revealing aftereffects more than 20 s after end of stimulation. Stimulation suppressed top-down PFC→MTL influences to a greater extent than PPC→MTL. Finally, MTL→PFC information flow on stimulation trials was significantly lower for successful, compared with unsuccessful, memory recall; in contrast, MTL→ventral PPC information flow was higher for successful, compared with unsuccessful, memory recall. Together, these results demonstrate that the effects of MTL stimulation are behaviorally, regionally, and directionally specific, that MTL stimulation selectively impairs directional signaling with PFC, and that causal MTL-ventral PPC circuits support successful memory recall. Findings provide new insights into dynamic casual circuits underling episodic memory and their modulation by MTL stimulation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The medial temporal lobe (MTL) and its interactions with prefrontal and parietal cortices (PFC and PPC) play a critical role in human memory. Dysfunctional MTL-PFC and MTL-PPC circuits are prominent in psychiatric and neurologic disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Brain stimulation has emerged as a potential mechanism for enhancing memory and cognitive functions, but the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms and dynamic causal circuitry underlying bottom-up and top-down signaling involving the MTL are unknown. Here, we use intracranial EEG recordings to investigate the effects of MTL stimulation on causal signaling in key episodic memory circuits linking the MTL with PFC and PPC. Our findings have implications for translational applications aimed at realizing the promise of brain stimulation-based treatment of memory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Das
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences
- Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
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20
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Amer T, Davachi L. Extra-hippocampal contributions to pattern separation. eLife 2023; 12:e82250. [PMID: 36972123 PMCID: PMC10042541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pattern separation, or the process by which highly similar stimuli or experiences in memory are represented by non-overlapping neural ensembles, has typically been ascribed to processes supported by the hippocampus. Converging evidence from a wide range of studies, however, suggests that pattern separation is a multistage process supported by a network of brain regions. Based on this evidence, considered together with related findings from the interference resolution literature, we propose the 'cortico-hippocampal pattern separation' (CHiPS) framework, which asserts that brain regions involved in cognitive control play a significant role in pattern separation. Particularly, these regions may contribute to pattern separation by (1) resolving interference in sensory regions that project to the hippocampus, thus regulating its cortical input, or (2) directly modulating hippocampal processes in accordance with task demands. Considering recent interest in how hippocampal operations are modulated by goal states likely represented and regulated by extra-hippocampal regions, we argue that pattern separation is similarly supported by neocortical-hippocampal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Amer
- Department of Psychology, University of VictoriaVictoriaCanada
| | - Lila Davachi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Nathan Kline Research InstituteOrangeburgUnited States
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21
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Lacefield C, Cai H, Ho H, Dias C, Chung H, Hen R, Turi GF. An Open-Source Virtual Reality System for the Measurement of Spatial Learning in Head-Restrained Mice. J Vis Exp 2023:10.3791/64863. [PMID: 36939265 PMCID: PMC10775991 DOI: 10.3791/64863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head-restrained behavioral experiments in mice allow neuroscientists to observe neural circuit activity with high-resolution electrophysiological and optical imaging tools while delivering precise sensory stimuli to a behaving animal. Recently, human and rodent studies using virtual reality (VR) environments have shown VR to be an important tool for uncovering the neural mechanisms underlying spatial learning in the hippocampus and cortex, due to the extremely precise control over parameters such as spatial and contextual cues. Setting up virtual environments for rodent spatial behaviors can, however, be costly and require an extensive background in engineering and computer programming. Here, we present a simple yet powerful system based upon inexpensive, modular, open-source hardware and software that enables researchers to study spatial learning in head-restrained mice using a VR environment. This system uses coupled microcontrollers to measure locomotion and deliver behavioral stimuli while head-restrained mice run on a wheel in concert with a virtual linear track environment rendered by a graphical software package running on a single-board computer. The emphasis on distributed processing allows researchers to design flexible, modular systems to elicit and measure complex spatial behaviors in mice in order to determine the connection between neural circuit activity and spatial learning in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clay Lacefield
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University;
| | - Hongtao Cai
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Huong Ho
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Carla Dias
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Hannah Chung
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - René Hen
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
| | - Gergely F Turi
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University;
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22
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Toader AC, Regalado JM, Li YR, Terceros A, Yadav N, Kumar S, Satow S, Hollunder F, Bonito-Oliva A, Rajasethupathy P. Anteromedial Thalamus Gates the Selection & Stabilization of Long-Term Memories. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.525908. [PMID: 36747720 PMCID: PMC9900928 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.525908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Memories initially formed in hippocampus gradually stabilize to cortex, over weeks-to-months, for long-term storage. The mechanistic details of this brain re-organization process remain poorly understood. In this study, we developed a virtual-reality based behavioral task and observed neural activity patterns associated with memory reorganization and stabilization over weeks-long timescales. Initial photometry recordings in circuits that link hippocampus and cortex revealed a unique and prominent neural correlate of memory in anterior thalamus that emerged in training and persisted for several weeks. Inhibition of the anteromedial thalamus-to-anterior cingulate cortex projections during training resulted in substantial memory consolidation deficits, and gain amplification more strikingly, was sufficient to enhance consolidation of otherwise unconsolidated memories. To provide mechanistic insights, we developed a new behavioral task where mice form two memories, of which only the more salient memory is consolidated, and also a technology for simultaneous and longitudinal cellular resolution imaging of hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex throughout the consolidation window. We found that whereas hippocampus equally encodes multiple memories, the anteromedial thalamus forms preferential tuning to salient memories, and establishes inter-regional correlations with cortex, that are critical for synchronizing and stabilizing cortical representations at remote time. Indeed, inhibition of this thalamo-cortical circuit while imaging in cortex reveals loss of contextual tuning and ensemble synchrony in anterior cingulate, together with behavioral deficits in remote memory retrieval. We thus identify a thalamo-cortical circuit that gates memory consolidation and propose a mechanism suitable for the selection and stabilization of hippocampal memories into longer term cortical storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Toader
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Josue M. Regalado
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Yan Ran Li
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Andrea Terceros
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Nakul Yadav
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Suraj Kumar
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Sloane Satow
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Florian Hollunder
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Alessandra Bonito-Oliva
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Priya Rajasethupathy
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics & Cognition, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
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23
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Li Y, Li C, Zhang T, Wu L, Lin X, Li Y, Wang L, Yang H, Lu D, Miao D, Fang P. Questionnaires based on natural language processing elicit immersive ruminative thinking in ruminators: Evidence from behavioral responses and EEG data. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1118650. [PMID: 36950128 PMCID: PMC10025410 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumination is closely related to mental disorders and can thus be used as a marker of their presence or a predictor of their development. The presence of masking and fabrication in psychological selection can lead to inaccurate detection of psychological disorders. Human language is considered crucial in eliciting specific conscious activities, and the use of natural language processing (NLP) in the development of questionnaires for psychological tests has the potential to elicit immersive ruminative thinking, leading to changes in neural activity. Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used to detect and record neural activity in the human brain and is sensitive to changes in brain activity. In this study, we used NLP to develop a questionnaire to induce ruminative thinking and then recorded the EEG signals in response to the questionnaire. The behavioral results revealed that ruminators exhibited higher arousal rates and longer reaction times, specifically in response to the ruminative items of the questionnaire. The EEG results showed no significant difference between the ruminators and the control group during the resting state; however, a significant alteration in the coherence of the entire brain of the ruminators existed while they were answering the ruminative items. No differences were found in the control participants while answering the two items. These behavioral and EEG results indicate that the questionnaire elicited immersive ruminative thinking, specifically in the ruminators. Therefore, the questionnaire designed using NLP is capable of eliciting ruminative thinking in ruminators, offering a promising approach for the early detection of mental disorders in psychological selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinxin Lin
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Diyan Lu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danmin Miao
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Military Medical Psychology and Stress Support of PLA, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Danmin Miao
| | - Peng Fang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Military Medical Psychology and Stress Support of PLA, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Xi'an, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Peng Fang
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24
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Wang J, Tambini A, Lapate RC. The tie that binds: temporal coding and adaptive emotion. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:1103-1118. [PMID: 36302710 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emotions are temporally dynamic, but the persistence of emotions outside of their appropriate temporal context is detrimental to health and well-being. Yet, precisely how temporal coding and emotional processing interact remains unclear. Recently unveiled temporal context representations in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) support memory for what happened when. Here, we discuss how these neural temporal representations may interact with densely interconnected amygdala circuitry to shape emotional functioning. We propose a neuroanatomically informed framework suggesting that high-fidelity temporal representations linked to dynamic experiences promote emotion regulation and adaptive emotional memories. Then, we discuss how newly-identified synaptic and molecular features of amygdala-hippocampal projections suggest that intense, amygdala-dependent emotional responses may distort temporal-coding mechanisms. We conclude by identifying key avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Arielle Tambini
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Regina C Lapate
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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