1
|
Kan LLY, Li P, Hon SSM, Lai AYT, Li A, Wong KCY, Huang D, Wong CK. Deciphering the Interplay between the Epithelial Barrier, Immune Cells, and Metabolic Mediators in Allergic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6913. [PMID: 39000023 PMCID: PMC11241838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to harmful pollutants, chemicals, and pathogens from the environment can lead to pathological changes in the epithelial barrier, which increase the risk of developing an allergy. During allergic inflammation, epithelial cells send proinflammatory signals to group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2s) and eosinophils, which require energy and resources to mediate their activation, cytokine/chemokine secretion, and mobilization of other cells. This review aims to provide an overview of the metabolic regulation in allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic rhinitis (AR), highlighting its underlying mechanisms and phenotypes, and the potential metabolic regulatory roles of eosinophils and ILC2s. Eosinophils and ILC2s regulate allergic inflammation through lipid mediators, particularly cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) and prostaglandins (PGs). Arachidonic acid (AA)-derived metabolites and Sphinosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are significant metabolic markers that indicate immune dysfunction and epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergy. Notably, eosinophils are promoters of allergic symptoms and exhibit greater metabolic plasticity compared to ILC2s, directly involved in promoting allergic symptoms. Our findings suggest that metabolomic analysis provides insights into the complex interactions between immune cells, epithelial cells, and environmental factors. Potential therapeutic targets have been highlighted to further understand the metabolic regulation of eosinophils and ILC2s in allergy. Future research in metabolomics can facilitate the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for future application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ling-Yu Kan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peiting Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sharon Sze-Man Hon
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrea Yin-Tung Lai
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aixuan Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Katie Ching-Yau Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun J, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Hu L, Zhao L, Wang H, Yuan Y, Niu H, Wang D, Zhang H, Liu J, Feng X, Su X, Qiu J, Sun J, Xu H, Zhang C, Wang K, Bi Y, Engleman EG, Shen L. Metabolic regulator LKB1 controls adipose tissue ILC2 PD-1 expression and mitochondrial homeostasis to prevent insulin resistance. Immunity 2024; 57:1289-1305.e9. [PMID: 38772366 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) help maintain metabolic homeostasis by sustaining type 2 immunity and promoting adipose beiging. Although impairment of the ILC2 compartment contributes to obesity-associated insulin resistance, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Here, we found that ILC2s in obese mice and humans exhibited impaired liver kinase B1 (LKB1) activation. Genetic ablation of LKB1 disrupted ILC2 mitochondrial metabolism and suppressed ILC2 responses, resulting in exacerbated insulin resistance. Mechanistically, LKB1 deficiency induced aberrant PD-1 expression through activation of NFAT, which in turn enhanced mitophagy by suppressing Bcl-xL expression. Blockade of PD-1 restored the normal functions of ILC2s and reversed obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice. Collectively, these data present the LKB1-PD-1 axis as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Sun
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Youqin Zhang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingbing Zhang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Linfeng Zhao
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongdong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongshen Niu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dongdi Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huasheng Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianyue Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xujiao Feng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaohui Su
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Heping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Catherine Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kathleen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yan Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical School, Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei Shen
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong Y, He L, Zhu Z, Yang F, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu X. The mechanism of gut-lung axis in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1258246. [PMID: 38362497 PMCID: PMC10867257 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1258246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a terminal change of a lung disease that is marked by damage to alveolar epithelial cells, abnormal proliferative transformation of fibroblasts, excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and concomitant inflammatory damage. Its characteristics include short median survival, high mortality rate, and limited treatment effectiveness. More in-depth studies on the mechanisms of PF are needed to provide better treatment options. The idea of the gut-lung axis has emerged as a result of comprehensive investigations into the microbiome, metabolome, and immune system. This theory is based on the material basis of microorganisms and their metabolites, while the gut-lung circulatory system and the shared mucosal immune system act as the connectors that facilitate the interplay between the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. The emergence of a new view of the gut-lung axis is complementary and cross-cutting to the study of the mechanisms involved in PF and provides new ideas for its treatment. This article reviews the mechanisms involved in PF, the gut-lung axis theory, and the correlation between the two. Exploring the gut-lung axis mechanism and treatments related to PF from the perspectives of microorganisms, microbial metabolites, and the immune system. The study of the gut-lung axis and PF is still in its early stages. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of PF related to the gut-lung axis, providing ideas for subsequent research and treatment of related mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lanlan He
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhongbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Quan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shah R, Ibis B, Kashyap M, Boussiotis VA. The role of ROS in tumor infiltrating immune cells and cancer immunotherapy. Metabolism 2024; 151:155747. [PMID: 38042522 PMCID: PMC10872310 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of short-lived highly reactive molecules formed intracellularly from molecular oxygen. ROS can alter biochemical, transcriptional, and epigenetic programs and have an indispensable role in cellular function. In immune cells, ROS are mediators of specialized functions such as phagocytosis, antigen presentation, activation, cytolysis, and differentiation. ROS have a fundamental role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) where they are produced by immune cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms. ROS can act as a double-edged sword with short exposures leading to activation in various innate and adaptative immune cells, and prolonged exposures, unopposed by redox balancing antioxidants leading to exhaustion, immunosuppression, and unresponsiveness to cancer immunotherapy. Due to its plasticity and impact on the anti-tumor function of immune cells, attempts are currently in process to harness ROS biology with the purpose to improve contemporary strategies of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we provide a short overview how ROS and various antioxidant systems impact on the function of innate and adaptive immune system cells with emphasis on the TME and immune-based therapies for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rushil Shah
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Betul Ibis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Monisha Kashyap
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Vassiliki A Boussiotis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America; Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hepworth MR. Proline fuels ILC3s to maintain gut health. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1848-1849. [PMID: 37857732 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ren G, Zeng Y, Liu H, Guan W, Zhao X, Li P, Hu L, Hou Z, Gong J, Li J, Jin W, Hu Z, Jiang C, Li H, Zhong C. Proline uptake promotes activation of lymphoid tissue inducer cells to maintain gut homeostasis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1953-1968. [PMID: 37857730 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic regulation is integral to the proper functioning of innate lymphoid cells, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that disruption of exogenous proline uptake, either through dietary restriction or by deficiency of the proline transporter Slc6a7, in lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, impairs LTi activation and aggravates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. With an integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, we profile the metabolic characteristics of various innate lymphoid cell subsets and reveal a notable enrichment of proline metabolism in LTi cells. Mechanistically, defective proline uptake diminishes the generation of reactive oxygen species, previously known to facilitate LTi activation. Additionally, LTi cells deficient in Slc6a7 display downregulation of Cebpb and Kdm6b, resulting in compromised transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of interleukin-22. Furthermore, our study uncovers the therapeutic potential of proline supplementation in alleviating colitis. Therefore, these findings shed light on the role of proline in facilitating LTi activation and ultimately contributing to gut homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxian Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yime Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlian Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guanqun Ren
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Luni Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfei Jin
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Houhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Loos P, Marichal T, Machiels B, Gillet L. Differentiation of Bone Marrow Monocytes into Alveolar Macrophages-like Cells through Co-culture with Lung Epithelial Cells and Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4818. [PMID: 37753474 PMCID: PMC10518780 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During life, the embryonic alveolar macrophage (AM) population undergoes successive waves of depletion and replenishment in response to infectious and inflammatory episodes. While resident AMs are traditionally described as from embryonic origin, their ontogeny following inflammation or infection is much more complex. Indeed, it appears that the contribution of monocytes (MOs) to the AM pool is variable and depends on the type of inflammation, its severity, and the signals released in the microenvironment of the pulmonary niche (peripheral imprinting) and/or in the bone marrow (central imprinting). Deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating the differentiation of MOs into AMs remains an area of intense investigation, as this could potentially explain part of the inter-individual susceptibility to respiratory immunopathologies. Here, we detail a relevant ex vivo co-culture model to investigate how lung epithelial cells (ECs) and group 2 lung innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) contribute to the differentiation of recruited MOs into AMs. Interestingly, the presence of lung ILC2s and ECs provides the necessary niche signals to ensure the differentiation of bone marrow MOs into AMs, thus establishing an accessible model to study the underlying mechanisms following different infection or inflammation processes. Key features • Ex vivo co-culture model of the alveolar niche. • Deciphering the particular niche signals underlying the differentiation of MO into AMs and their functional polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Loos
- Department of Immunology-Virology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Immunophysiology Lab, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Laurent Gillet
- Department of Immunology-Virology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thio CLP, Chang YJ. The modulation of pulmonary group 2 innate lymphoid cell function in asthma: from inflammatory mediators to environmental and metabolic factors. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1872-1884. [PMID: 37696890 PMCID: PMC10545775 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A dysregulated type 2 immune response is one of the fundamental causes of allergic asthma. Although Th2 cells are undoubtedly central to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, the discovery of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) has added another layer of complexity to the etiology of this chronic disease. Through their inherent innate type 2 responses, ILC2s not only contribute to the initiation of airway inflammation but also orchestrate the recruitment and activation of other members of innate and adaptive immunity, further amplifying the inflammatory response. Moreover, ILC2s exhibit substantial cytokine plasticity, as evidenced by their ability to produce type 1- or type 17-associated cytokines under appropriate conditions, underscoring their potential contribution to nonallergic, neutrophilic asthma. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of ILC2 functions is pertinent. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge on ILC2s in asthma and the regulatory factors that modulate lung ILC2 functions in various experimental mouse models of asthma and in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya-Jen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, He C, Xin S, Liu X, Zhang S, Qiao B, Shang H, Gao L, Xu J. A Deep View of the Biological Property of Interleukin-33 and Its Dysfunction in the Gut. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13504. [PMID: 37686309 PMCID: PMC10487440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal diseases have always posed a serious threat to human health, with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) being one of them. IBD is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The "alarm" cytokine IL-33, which is intimately associated with Th2 immunity, is a highly potent inflammatory factor that is considered to have dual functions-operating as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and a transcriptional regulator. IL-33 has been shown to play a crucial role in both the onset and development of IBD. Therefore, this review focuses on the pathogenesis of IBD, the major receptor cell types, and the activities of IL-33 in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as its underlying mechanisms and conflicting conclusions in IBD. We have also summarized different medicines targeted to IL-33-associated diseases. Furthermore, we have emphasized the role of IL-33 in gastrointestinal cancer and parasitic infections, giving novel prospective therapeutic utility in the future application of IL-33.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (B.Q.)
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (C.H.); (S.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (C.H.); (S.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (C.H.); (S.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (B.Q.)
| | - Boya Qiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (Y.W.); (S.Z.); (B.Q.)
| | - Hongwei Shang
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (C.H.); (S.X.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alisjahbana A, Mohammad I, Gao Y, Evren E, Willinger T. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human lung innate lymphoid cells in the vascular and tissue niche reveals molecular features of tissue adaptation. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 2:kyad007. [PMID: 38650756 PMCID: PMC11034571 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are sentinels of healthy organ function, yet it is unknown how ILCs adapt to distinct anatomical niches within tissues. Here, we used a unique humanized mouse model, MISTRG mice transplanted with human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), to define the gene signatures of human ILCs in the vascular versus the tissue (extravascular) compartment of the lung. Single-cell RNA sequencing in combination with intravascular cell labeling demonstrated that heterogeneous populations of human ILCs and natural killer (NK) cells occupied the vascular and tissue niches in the lung of HSPC-engrafted MISTRG mice. Moreover, we discovered that niche-specific cues shape the molecular programs of human ILCs in the distinct sub-anatomical compartments of the lung. Specifically, extravasation of ILCs into the lung tissue was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in the acquisition of tissue residency, cell positioning within the lung, sensing of tissue-derived signals, cellular stress responses, nutrient uptake, and interaction with other tissue-resident immune cells. We also defined a core tissue signature shared between human ILCs and NK cells in the extravascular space of the lung, consistent with imprinting by signals from the local microenvironment. The molecular characterization of human ILCs and NK cells in the vascular and tissue niches of the lung provides new knowledge on the mechanisms of ILC tissue adaptation and represents a resource for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlisa Alisjahbana
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Imran Mohammad
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elza Evren
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) with the CPC-M bioArchive/Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Willinger
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kumar V, Stewart JH. Immunometabolic reprogramming, another cancer hallmark. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125874. [PMID: 37275901 PMCID: PMC10235624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth signals, (2) the emergence of clones that are resistant to apoptosis, (3) resistance to the antigrowth signals, (4) neo-angiogenesis, (5) the invasion of normal tissue or spread to the distant organs, and (6) limitless replicative potential. It also appears that non-resolving inflammation leads to the dysregulation of immune cell metabolism and subsequent cancer progression. The present article delineates immunometabolic reprogramming as a critical hallmark of cancer by linking chronic inflammation and immunosuppression to cancer growth and metastasis. We propose that targeting tumor immunometabolic reprogramming will lead to the design of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - John H. Stewart
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
- Louisiana State University- Louisiana Children’s Medical Center, Stanley S. Scott, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kabat AM, Pearce EL, Pearce EJ. Metabolism in type 2 immune responses. Immunity 2023; 56:723-741. [PMID: 37044062 PMCID: PMC10938369 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The immune response is tailored to the environment in which it takes place. Immune cells sense and adapt to changes in their surroundings, and it is now appreciated that in addition to cytokines made by stromal and epithelial cells, metabolic cues provide key adaptation signals. Changes in immune cell activation states are linked to changes in cellular metabolism that support function. Furthermore, metabolites themselves can signal between as well as within cells. Here, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of how metabolic regulation relates to type 2 immunity firstly by considering specifics of metabolism within type 2 immune cells and secondly by stressing how type 2 immune cells are integrated more broadly into the metabolism of the organism as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M Kabat
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Myhill LJ, Williams AR. Diet-microbiota crosstalk and immunity to helminth infection. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12965. [PMID: 36571323 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Helminths are large multicellular parasites responsible for widespread chronic disease in humans and animals. Intestinal helminths live in close proximity with the host gut microbiota and mucosal immune network, resulting in reciprocal interactions that closely influence the course of infections. Diet composition may strongly regulate gut microbiota composition and intestinal immune function and therefore may play a key role in modulating anti-helminth immune responses. Characterizing the multitude of interactions that exist between different dietary components (e.g., dietary fibres), immune cells, and the microbiota, may shed new light on regulation of helminth-specific immunity. This review focuses on the current knowledge of how metabolism of dietary components shapes immune response during helminth infection, and how this information may be potentially harnessed to design new therapeutics to manage parasitic infections and associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Myhill
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Makhijani P, Basso PJ, Chan YT, Chen N, Baechle J, Khan S, Furman D, Tsai S, Winer DA. Regulation of the immune system by the insulin receptor in health and disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1128622. [PMID: 36992811 PMCID: PMC10040865 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1128622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathways downstream of the insulin receptor (InsR) are some of the most evolutionarily conserved pathways that regulate organism longevity and metabolism. InsR signaling is well characterized in metabolic tissues, such as liver, muscle, and fat, actively orchestrating cellular processes, including growth, survival, and nutrient metabolism. However, cells of the immune system also express the InsR and downstream signaling machinery, and there is increasing appreciation for the involvement of InsR signaling in shaping the immune response. Here, we summarize current understanding of InsR signaling pathways in different immune cell subsets and their impact on cellular metabolism, differentiation, and effector versus regulatory function. We also discuss mechanistic links between altered InsR signaling and immune dysfunction in various disease settings and conditions, with a focus on age related conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and infection vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Makhijani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Paulo José Basso
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yi Tao Chan
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nan Chen
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jordan Baechle
- Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Buck Artificial Intelligence Platform, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Saad Khan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Buck Artificial Intelligence Platform, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Stanford 1, 000 Immunomes Project, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Universidad Austral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Pilar, Argentina
| | - Sue Tsai
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel A. Winer
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Buck Artificial Intelligence Platform, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hodge SH, Krauss MZ, Kaymak I, King JI, Howden AJ, Panic G, Grencis RK, Swann JR, Sinclair LV, Hepworth MR. Amino acid availability acts as a metabolic rheostat to determine the magnitude of ILC2 responses. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221073. [PMID: 36571761 PMCID: PMC9794837 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are functionally poised, tissue-resident lymphocytes that respond rapidly to damage and infection at mucosal barrier sites. ILC2 reside within complex microenvironments where they are subject to cues from both the diet and invading pathogens-including helminths. Emerging evidence suggests ILC2 are acutely sensitive not only to canonical activating signals but also perturbations in nutrient availability. In the context of helminth infection, we identify amino acid availability as a nutritional cue in regulating ILC2 responses. ILC2 are found to be uniquely preprimed to import amino acids via the large neutral amino acid transporters Slc7a5 and Slc7a8. Cell-intrinsic deletion of these transporters individually impaired ILC2 expansion, while concurrent loss of both transporters markedly impaired the proliferative and cytokine-producing capacity of ILC2. Mechanistically, amino acid uptake determined the magnitude of ILC2 responses in part via tuning of mTOR. These findings implicate essential amino acids as a metabolic requisite for optimal ILC2 responses within mucosal barrier tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne H. Hodge
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Z. Krauss
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Irem Kaymak
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James I. King
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- Cell Signalling and Immunology Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gordana Panic
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard K. Grencis
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan R. Swann
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Linda V. Sinclair
- Cell Signalling and Immunology Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Matthew R. Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Robb CT, Zhou Y, Felton JM, Zhang B, Goepp M, Jheeta P, Smyth DJ, Duffin R, Vermeren S, Breyer R, Narumiya S, McSorley HJ, Maizels RM, Schwarze JKJ, Rossi AG, Yao C. Metabolic regulation by prostaglandin E 2 impairs lung group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses. Allergy 2023; 78:714-730. [PMID: 36181709 PMCID: PMC10952163 DOI: 10.1111/all.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a critical role in asthma pathogenesis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is associated with reduced signaling via EP2, a receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ). However, the respective roles for the PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 (both share same downstream signaling) in the regulation of lung ILC2 responses has yet been deciphered. METHODS The roles of PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 on ILC2-mediated lung inflammation were investigated using genetically modified mouse lines and pharmacological approaches in IL-33-induced lung allergy model. The effects of PGE2 receptors and downstream signals on ILC2 metabolic activation and effector function were examined using in vitro cell cultures. RESULTS Deficiency of EP2 rather than EP4 augments IL-33-induced mouse lung ILC2 responses and eosinophilic inflammation in vivo. In contrast, exogenous agonism of EP4 and EP2 or inhibition of phosphodiesterase markedly restricts IL-33-induced lung ILC2 responses. Mechanistically, PGE2 directly suppresses IL-33-dependent ILC2 activation through the EP2/EP4-cAMP pathway, which downregulates STAT5 and MYC pathway gene expression and ILC2 energy metabolism. Blocking glycolysis diminishes IL-33-dependent ILC2 responses in mice where endogenous PG synthesis or EP2 signaling is blocked but not in mice with intact PGE2 -EP2 signaling. CONCLUSION We have defined a mechanism for optimal suppression of mouse lung ILC2 responses by endogenous PGE2 -EP2 signaling which underpins the clinical findings of defective EP2 signaling in patients with NERD. Our findings also indicate that exogenously targeting the PGE2 -EP4-cAMP and energy metabolic pathways may provide novel opportunities for treating the ILC2-initiated lung inflammation in asthma and NERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calum T. Robb
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and ImmunityCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Jennifer M. Felton
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Birong Zhang
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and ImmunityCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Marie Goepp
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Privjyot Jheeta
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Danielle J. Smyth
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life SciencesWellcome Trust Building, University of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Rodger Duffin
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Richard M. Breyer
- Department of Veterans AffairsTennessee Valley Health AuthorityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Alliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research and Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation CenterKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Henry J. McSorley
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life SciencesWellcome Trust Building, University of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Rick M. Maizels
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute for Infection, Immunity and InflammationUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Jürgen K. J. Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Adriano G. Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Yuan Q, Zhang X, Chen Z, Jia X, Wang M, Xu T, Wang Z, Jiang J, Ma Q, Zhang M, Huang M, Ji N. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces inhibitory memory alveolar macrophages through the AhR/IL-33 pathway. Cell Immunol 2023; 386:104694. [PMID: 36871457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations have decreased in the past decade. The adverse effects of acute PM2.5 exposure on respiratory diseases have been well recognized. To explore the long-term effects of PM2.5 exposure on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mice were exposed to PM2.5 for 7 days and rest for 21 days, followed by challenges with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE). Unexpectedly, PM2.5 exposure and rest alleviated the disease severity and airway inflammatory responses in COPD-like mice. Although acute PM2.5 exposure increased airway inflammation, rest for 21 days reversed the airway inflammatory responses, which was associated with the induction of inhibitory memory alveolar macrophages (AMs). Similarly, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 exposure and rest decreased pulmonary inflammation, accompanied by inhibitory memory AMs. Once AMs were depleted, pulmonary inflammation was aggravated. PAHs in PM2.5 promoted the secretion of IL-33 from airway epithelial cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/ARNT pathway. High-throughput mRNA sequencing revealed that PM2.5 exposure and rest drastically changed the mRNA profiles in AMs, which was largely rescued in IL-33-/- mice. Collectively, our results indicate that PM2.5 may mitigate pulmonary inflammation, which is mediated by inhibitory trained AMs via IL-33 production from epithelial cells through the AhR/ARNT pathway. We provide the rationale that PM2.5 plays complicated roles in respiratory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingxian Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
CAVO Inhibits Airway Inflammation and ILC2s in OVA-Induced Murine Asthma Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/8783078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cang-ai volatile oil (CAVO) is an aromatic Chinese medicine and is widely used to treat upper respiratory tract infections in children. However, the mechanism of CAVO in asthma treatment is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAVO on airway inflammation and the mechanism of inhibiting Group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in asthmatic mice, which was induced with Ovalbumin (OVA). CAVO improved AHR and airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. CAVO reduced the production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while increased the production of IL-10, significantly. CAVO also inhibited the suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) and IL-33 expressions in the lung tissue. Moreover, flow analyses demonstrated that CAVO inhibited ILC2s activation by reducing the sedimentation of its upstream cytokines, thus alleviating downstream cytokines. This could be because of the downregulated microRNA-155 and upregulated microRNA-146a. CAVO inhibits ILC2s activation, thus further attenuating airway inflammation and AHR in asthmatic mice. These effects may be related to the downregulation of microRNA-155 and upregulation of microRNA-146a.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou L, Lin Q, Sonnenberg GF. Metabolic control of innate lymphoid cells in health and disease. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1650-1659. [PMID: 36424470 PMCID: PMC9789197 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of predominantly tissue-resident lymphocytes that critically orchestrate immunity, inflammation, tolerance and repair at barrier surfaces of the mammalian body. Heterogeneity among ILC subsets is comparable to that of adaptive CD4+ T helper cell counterparts, and emerging studies demonstrate that ILC biology is also dictated by cellular metabolism that adapts bioenergetic requirements during activation, proliferation or cytokine production. Accumulating evidence in mouse models and human samples indicates that ILCs exhibit profound roles in shaping states of metabolic health and disease. Here we summarize and discuss our current knowledge of the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic metabolic factors controlling ILC responses, as well as highlight contributions of ILCs to organismal metabolism. It is expected that continued research in this area will advance our understanding of how to manipulate ILCs or their metabolism for therapeutic strategies that benefit human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingxia Lin
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ham J, Lim M, Kim D, Kim HY. Memory-like innate lymphoid cells in the pathogenesis of asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005517. [PMID: 36466877 PMCID: PMC9712946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are recently discovered innate immune cells that reside and self-renew in mucosal tissues and serve as the first line of defense against various external insults. They include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. The development and functions of ILC1-3 reflect those of their adaptive immunity TH1, TH2, and TH17 T-cell counterparts. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease caused by repeated exposure to specific allergens or host/environmental factors (e.g., obesity) that stimulate pathogenic pulmonary immune cells, including ILCs. Memory used to be a hallmark of adaptive immune cells until recent studies of monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells showed that innate immune cells can also exhibit greater responses to re-stimulation and that these more responsive cells can be long-lived. Besides, a series of studies suggest that the tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells have memory-like phenotypes, such as increased cytokine productions or epigenetic modifications following repetitive exposure to allergens. Notably, both clinical and mouse studies of asthma show that various allergens can generate memory-like features in ILC2s. Here, we discuss the biology of ILCs, their roles in asthma pathogenesis, and the evidence supporting ILC memory. We also show evidence suggesting memory ILCs could help drive the phenotypic heterogeneity in asthma. Thus, further research on memory ILCs may be fruitful in terms of developing new therapies for asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Ham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - MinYeong Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dongmo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Panda SK, Kim DH, Desai P, Rodrigues PF, Sudan R, Gilfillan S, Cella M, Van Dyken SJ, Colonna M. SLC7A8 is a key amino acids supplier for the metabolic programs that sustain homeostasis and activation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2215528119. [PMID: 36343258 PMCID: PMC9674248 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215528119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are innate counterparts of T helper 2 (Th2) cells that maintain tissue homeostasis and respond to injuries through rapid interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 secretion. ILC2s depend on availability of arginine and branched-chain amino acids for sustaining cellular fitness, proliferation, and cytokine secretion in both steady state and upon activation. However, the contribution of amino acid transporters to ILC2 functions is not known. Here, we found that ILC2s selectively express Slc7a8, encoding a transporter for arginine and large amino acids. Slc7a8 was expressed in ILC2s in a tissue-specific manner in steady state and was further increased upon activation. Genetic ablation of Slc7a8 in lymphocytes reduced the frequency of ILC2s, suppressed IL-5 and IL-13 production upon stimulation, and impaired type 2 immune responses to helminth infection. Consistent with this, Slc7a8-deficient ILC2s also failed to induce cytokine production and recruit eosinophils in a model of allergic lung inflammation. Mechanistically, reduced amino acid availability due to Slc7a8 deficiency led to compromised mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, as well as impaired activation of mammalian target of rapamycin and c-Myc signaling pathways. These findings identify Slc7a8 as a key supplier of amino acids for the metabolic programs underpinning fitness and activation of ILC2s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Panda
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Do-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Pritesh Desai
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Patrick F. Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Marina Cella
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Steven J. Van Dyken
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yu H, Jacquelot N, Belz GT. Metabolic features of innate lymphoid cells. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213615. [PMID: 36301303 PMCID: PMC9617479 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune cells are found in distinct tissue niches where they orchestrate immune responses. This requires intrinsic and temporal metabolic adaptability to coordinately activate the immune response cascade. Dysregulation of this program is a key feature of immunosuppression. Direct or indirect metabolic immune cell reprogramming may offer new approaches to modulate immune cells behavior for therapy to overcome dysregulation. In this review, we explored how metabolism regulates lymphocytes beyond the classical T cell subsets. We focus on the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family, highlighting the distinct metabolic characteristics of these cells, the impact of environmental factors, and the receptors that could alter immune cell functions through manipulation of metabolic pathways to potentially prevent or treat various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Yu
- The University of Queensland, Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicolas Jacquelot
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The University of Queensland, Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Paris O, Mennechet FJD, Kremer EJ. Human innate lymphoid cell activation by adenoviruses is modified by host defense proteins and neutralizing antibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975910. [PMID: 36275713 PMCID: PMC9579290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), the complements of diverse CD4 T helper cells, help maintain tissue homeostasis by providing a link between innate and adaptive immune responses. While pioneering studies over the last decade have advanced our understanding how ILCs influence adaptive immune responses to pathogens, far less is known about whether the adaptive immune response feeds back into an ILC response. In this study, we isolated ILCs from blood of healthy donors, fine-tuned culture conditions, and then directly challenged them with human adenoviruses (HAdVs), with HAdVs and host defense proteins (HDPs) or neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), to mimic interactions in a host with pre-existing immunity. Additionally, we developed an ex vivo approach to identify how bystander ILCs respond to the uptake of HAdVs ± neutralizing antibodies by monocyte-derived dendritic cells. We show that ILCs take up HAdVs, which induces phenotypic maturation and cytokine secretion. Moreover, NAbs and HDPs complexes modified the cytokine profile generated by ILCs, consistent with a feedback loop for host antiviral responses and potential to impact adenovirus-based vaccine efficacy.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lin J, Liu J, Ma R, Hao J, Liang Y, Zhao J, Zhang A, Meng H, Lu J. Interleukin-33: Metabolic checkpoints, metabolic processes, and epigenetic regulation in immune cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900826. [PMID: 35979357 PMCID: PMC9376228 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a pleiotropic cytokine linked to various immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Recent studies of the effects of IL-33 on immune cells are beginning to reveal its regulatory mechanisms at the levels of cellular metabolism and epigenetic modifications. In response to IL-33 stimulation, these programs are intertwined with transcriptional programs, ultimately determining the fate of immune cells. Understanding these specific molecular events will help to explain the complex role of IL-33 in immune cells, thereby guiding the development of new strategies for immune intervention. Here, we highlight recent findings that reveal how IL-33, acting as an intracellular nuclear factor or an extracellular cytokine, alters metabolic checkpoints and cellular metabolism, which coordinately contribute to cell growth and function. We also discuss recent studies supporting the role of IL-33 in epigenetic alterations and speculate about the mechanisms underlying this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiyun Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ailing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingli Lu,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Surace L, Di Santo JP. Local and systemic features of ILC immunometabolism. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:209-217. [PMID: 35787549 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are specialized immune cells that rapidly sense environmental perturbations and regulate immune responses and tissue homeostasis. ILCs are mainly tissue resident and their crosstalk within tissue microenvironments influences both local and systemic metabolism. Reciprocally, metabolic status conditions ILC phenotype and effector function. In this review, we discuss the role of ILCs as metabolic sentinels and describe how ILC subset-specific activities influence homeostasis and disease. Finally, we highlight emerging challenges in the field of ILC immunometabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs metabolism, phenotype, and function are shaped by signals from the tissue microenvironment. Dietary, endogenous, and microbial metabolites are sensed by ILC subsets and can impact on ILC-mediated immune responses. Recent studies have found that mitochondria are central regulators of ILC effector function. Furthermore, ILCs have emerged as crucial sensors of metabolic stress, suggesting they might act as metabolic sentinels, coordinating tissue and host metabolism. SUMMARY Our understanding how ILCs mechanistically regulate host metabolism and defenses is still incomplete. Unraveling critical metabolic features of ILCs may lead to novel therapeutic strategies that target these cells in the context of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Surace
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, , Bonn, Germany
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yahsi B, Gunaydin G. Immunometabolism – The Role of Branched-Chain Amino Acids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886822. [PMID: 35812393 PMCID: PMC9259854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism has been the focus of extensive research over the last years, especially in terms of augmenting anti-tumor immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4+ T cells, which have been known for their immunosuppressive roles in various conditions including anti-tumor immune responses. Even though several studies aimed to target Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such approaches generally result in the inhibition of the Tregs non-specifically, which may cause immunopathologies such as autoimmunity. Therefore, specifically targeting the Tregs in the TME would be vital in terms of achieving a successful and specific treatment. Recently, an association between Tregs and isoleucine, which represents one type of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), has been demonstrated. The presence of isoleucine seems to affect majorly Tregs, rather than conventional T cells. Considering the fact that Tregs bear several distinct metabolic features in the TME, targeting their immunometabolic pathways may be a rational approach. In this Review, we provide a general overview on the potential distinct metabolic features of T cells, especially focusing on BCAAs in Tregs as well as in their subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berkay Yahsi
- School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Gurcan Gunaydin,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu L, Zhao W, Tang S, Chen R, Ji M, Yang X. Role of ILC2s in Solid Tumors: Facilitate or Inhibit? Front Immunol 2022; 13:886045. [PMID: 35720302 PMCID: PMC9203687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important mediators of type 2 immunity and play an important role in allergic diseases, helminth infections, and tissue fibrosis. However, the role of ILC2s in tumor immunity requires further elucidation. Studies over the past decade have reported that ILC2s play a promoting or suppressing role in different tumors. Here we reviewed the role of ILC2s in solid tumors demonstrating that ILC2s act as a crucial regulator in tumor immunity. We proposed that ILC2s could be an important predictor for tumor prognosis and a new therapeutic target after immunotherapy resistance. In conclusion, our study shed new light on modifying and targeting ILC2s for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mei Ji
- *Correspondence: Mei Ji, ; Xin Yang,
| | - Xin Yang
- *Correspondence: Mei Ji, ; Xin Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pelletier A, Stockmann C. The Metabolic Basis of ILC Plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858051. [PMID: 35572512 PMCID: PMC9099248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) are the innate counterpart of adaptive lymphoid T cells. They are key players in the regulation of tissues homeostasis and early inflammatory host responses. ILCs are divided into three groups, and further subdivided into five subsets, that are characterised by distinct transcription factors, surface markers and their cytokine expression profiles. Group 1 ILCs, including natural killer (NK) cells and non-NK cell ILC1s, express T-bet and produce IFN-γ. Group 2 ILCs depend on GATA3 and produce IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Group 3 ILCs, composed of ILC3s and Lymphoid Tissue Inducer (LTi) cells, express RORγt and produce IL-17 and IL-22. Even though, the phenotype of each subset is well defined, environmental signals can trigger the interconversion of phenotypes and the plasticity of ILCs, in both mice and humans. Several extrinsic and intrinsic drivers of ILC plasticity have been described. However, the changes in cellular metabolism that underlie ILC plasticity remain largely unexplored. Given that metabolic changes critically affect fate and effector function of several immune cell types, we, here, review recent findings on ILC metabolism and discuss the implications for ILC plasticity.
Collapse
|
29
|
Fearon U, Hanlon MM, Floudas A, Veale DJ. Cellular metabolic adaptations in rheumatoid arthritis and their therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:398-414. [PMID: 35440762 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of endothelium and immune cells is fundamental to the initiation of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it results in trans-endothelial cell migration and synovial fibroblast proliferation, leading to joint destruction. In RA, the synovial microvasculature is highly dysregulated, resulting in inefficient oxygen perfusion to the synovium, which, along with the high metabolic demands of activated immune and stromal cells, leads to a profoundly hypoxic microenvironment. In inflamed joints, infiltrating immune cells and synovial resident cells have great requirements for energy and nutrients, and they adapt their metabolic profiles to generate sufficient energy to support their highly activated inflammatory states. This shift in metabolic capacity of synovial cells enables them to produce the essential building blocks to support their proliferation, activation and invasiveness. Furthermore, it results in the accumulation of metabolic intermediates and alteration of redox-sensitive pathways, affecting signalling pathways that further potentiate the inflammatory response. Importantly, the inflamed synovium is a multicellular tissue, with cells differing in their metabolic requirements depending on complex cell-cell interactions, nutrient supply, metabolic intermediates and transcriptional regulation. Therefore, understanding the complex interplay between metabolic and inflammatory pathways in synovial cells in RA will provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Fearon
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, TCD, Dublin, Ireland. .,EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Megan M Hanlon
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, TCD, Dublin, Ireland.,EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Achilleas Floudas
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, TCD, Dublin, Ireland.,EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Douglas J Veale
- EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Corral D, Charton A, Krauss MZ, Blanquart E, Levillain F, Lefrançais E, Sneperger T, Vahlas Z, Girard JP, Eberl G, Poquet Y, Guéry JC, Argüello RJ, Belkaid Y, Mayer-Barber KD, Hepworth MR, Neyrolles O, Hudrisier D. ILC precursors differentiate into metabolically distinct ILC1-like cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110715. [PMID: 35443177 PMCID: PMC9043616 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) regulate tissue homeostasis, protect against pathogens at mucosal surfaces, and are key players at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. How ILCs adapt their phenotype and function to environmental cues within tissues remains to be fully understood. Here, we show that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection alters the phenotype and function of lung IL-18Rα+ ILC toward a protective interferon-γ-producing ILC1-like population. This differentiation is controlled by type 1 cytokines and is associated with a glycolytic program. Moreover, a BCG-driven type I milieu enhances the early generation of ILC1-like cells during secondary challenge with Mtb. Collectively, our data reveal how tissue-resident ILCs adapt to type 1 inflammation toward a pathogen-tailored immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Corral
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Alison Charton
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Z Krauss
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Eve Blanquart
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (INFINITY), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Levillain
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emma Lefrançais
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Tamara Sneperger
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Zoï Vahlas
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Girard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1224, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Yannick Poquet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Guéry
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (INFINITY), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katrin D Mayer-Barber
- Inflammation and Innate Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Olivier Neyrolles
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Hudrisier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kokkinou E, Pandey RV, Mazzurana L, Gutierrez-Perez I, Tibbitt CA, Weigel W, Soini T, Carrasco A, Rao A, Nagasawa M, Bal SM, Jangard M, Friberg D, Lindforss U, Nordenvall C, Ljunggren M, Haapaniemi S, Keita ÅV, Söderholm J, Hedin C, Spits H, Bryceson YT, Mjösberg J. CD45RA +CD62L - ILCs in human tissues represent a quiescent local reservoir for the generation of differentiated ILCs. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabj8301. [PMID: 35427178 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj8301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are highly plastic and predominantly mucosal tissue-resident cells that contribute to both homeostasis and inflammation depending on the microenvironment. The discovery of naïve-like ILCs suggests an ILC differentiation process that is akin to naïve T cell differentiation. Delineating the mechanisms that underlie ILC differentiation in tissues is crucial for understanding ILC biology in health and disease. Here, we showed that tonsillar ILCs expressing CD45RA lacked proliferative activity, indicative of cellular quiescence. CD62L distinguished two subsets of CD45RA+ ILCs. CD45RA+CD62L+ ILCs (CD62L+ ILCs) resembled circulating naïve ILCs because they lacked the transcriptional, metabolic, epigenetic, and cytokine production signatures of differentiated ILCs. CD45RA+CD62L- ILCs (CD62L- ILCs) were epigenetically similar to CD62L+ ILCs but showed a transcriptional, metabolic, and cytokine production signature that was more akin to differentiated ILCs. CD62L+ and CD62L- ILCs contained uni- and multipotent precursors of ILC1s/NK cells and ILC3s. Differentiation of CD62L+ and CD62L- ILCs led to metabolic reprogramming including up-regulation of genes associated with glycolysis, which was needed for their effector functions after differentiation. CD62L- ILCs with preferential differentiation capacity toward IL-22-producing ILC3s accumulated in the inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These data suggested distinct differentiation potential of CD62L+ and CD62L- ILCs between tissue microenvironments and identified that manipulation of these cells is a possible approach to restore tissue-immune homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Kokkinou
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ram Vinay Pandey
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Mazzurana
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irene Gutierrez-Perez
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Andrew Tibbitt
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Whitney Weigel
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tea Soini
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Carrasco
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rao
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maho Nagasawa
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzanne M Bal
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mattias Jangard
- ENT Unit, Sophiahemmet University Research Laboratory and Sophiahemmet Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Friberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Lindforss
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, GI Oncology and Colorectal Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Nordenvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, GI Oncology and Colorectal Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Ljunggren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, GI Oncology and Colorectal Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Haapaniemi
- Department of Surgery, Vrinnevi Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Åsa V Keita
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johan Söderholm
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Hedin
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hergen Spits
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Molofsky AB, Locksley RM. ILC2s - development, divergence, dispersal. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 75:102168. [PMID: 35176675 PMCID: PMC9131705 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, we have come to appreciate group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) as important players in host and tissue immunity. New studies of ILC2s and their precursors using novel reporter mice, advanced microscopy, and multi-omics approaches have expanded our knowledge on how these cells contribute to tissue physiology and function. This review highlights recent literature on this enigmatic cell, and we organize our discussion across three important paradigms in ILC2 biology: development, divergence, and dispersal. In addition, we frame our discussion in the context of other innate and adaptive immune cells to emphasize the relevance of expanding knowledge of ILC2s and tissue immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto R Ricardo-Gonzalez
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ari B Molofsky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
More than a decade ago, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were discovered to be members of a family of innate immune cells consisting of five subsets that form a first line of defence against infections before the recruitment of adaptive immune cells. Initially, ILC2s were implicated in the early immune response to parasitic infections, but it is now clear that ILC2s are highly diverse and have crucial roles in the regulation of tissue homeostasis and repair. ILC2s can also regulate the functions of other type 2 immune cells, including T helper 2 cells, type 2 macrophages and eosinophils. Dysregulation of ILC2s contributes to type 2-mediated pathology in a wide variety of diseases, potentially making ILC2s attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. In this Review, we focus on the spectrum of ILC2 phenotypes that have been described across different tissues and disease states with an emphasis on human ILC2s. We discuss recent insights in ILC2 biology and suggest how this knowledge might be used for novel disease treatments and improved human health. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have diverse phenotypes across different tissues and disease states. Recent insights into ILC2 biology raise new possibilities for the improved treatment of cancer and of metabolic, infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hergen Spits
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Michla M, Wilhelm C. Food for thought - ILC metabolism in the context of helminth infections. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1234-1242. [PMID: 36045216 PMCID: PMC9705246 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Helminths are multicellular ancient organisms residing as parasites at mucosal surfaces of their host. Through adaptation and co-evolution with their hosts, helminths have been able to develop tolerance mechanisms to limit inflammation and avoid expulsion. The study of helminth infections as an integral part of tissue immunology allowed us to understand fundamental aspects of mucosal and barrier immunology, which led to the discovery of a new group of tissue-resident immune cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC), over a decade ago. Here, we review the intricate interplay between helminth infections and type 2 ILC (ILC2) biology, discuss the host metabolic adaptation to helminth infections and the metabolic pathways fueling ILC2 responses. We hypothesize that nutrient competition between host and helminths may have prevented chronic inflammation in the past and argue that a detailed understanding of the metabolic restraints imposed by helminth infections may offer new therapeutic avenues in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Michla
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Unit for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Unit for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|