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Liu B, Buonomano DV. Ex Vivo Cortical Circuits Learn to Predict and Spontaneously Replay Temporal Patterns. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596702. [PMID: 38853859 PMCID: PMC11160783 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
It has been proposed that prediction and timing are computational primitives of neocortical microcircuits, specifically, that neural mechanisms are in place to allow neocortical circuits to autonomously learn the temporal structure of external stimuli and generate internal predictions. To test this hypothesis, we trained cortical organotypic slices on two specific temporal patterns using dual-optical stimulation. After 24-hours of training, whole-cell recordings revealed network dynamics consistent with training-specific timed prediction. Unexpectedly, there was replay of the learned temporal structure during spontaneous activity. Furthermore, some neurons exhibited timed prediction errors. Mechanistically our results indicate that learning relied in part on asymmetric connectivity between distinct neuronal ensembles with temporally-ordered activation. These findings further suggest that local cortical microcircuits are intrinsically capable of learning temporal information and generating predictions, and that the learning rules underlying temporal learning and spontaneous replay can be intrinsic to local cortical microcircuits and not necessarily dependent on top-down interactions.
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2
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. eLife 2024; 12:RP91871. [PMID: 38329894 PMCID: PMC10942541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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3
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Zimmerman CA, Pan-Vazquez A, Wu B, Keppler EF, Guthman EM, Fetcho RN, Bolkan SS, McMannon B, Lee J, Hoag AT, Lynch LA, Janarthanan SR, López Luna JF, Bondy AG, Falkner AL, Wang SSH, Witten IB. A neural mechanism for learning from delayed postingestive feedback. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.06.561214. [PMID: 37873112 PMCID: PMC10592633 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.06.561214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Animals learn the value of foods based on their postingestive effects and thereby develop aversions to foods that are toxic1-6 and preferences to those that are nutritious7-14. However, it remains unclear how the brain is able to assign credit to flavors experienced during a meal with postingestive feedback signals that can arise after a substantial delay. Here, we reveal an unexpected role for postingestive reactivation of neural flavor representations in this temporal credit assignment process. To begin, we leverage the fact that mice learn to associate novel15-18, but not familiar, flavors with delayed gastric malaise signals to investigate how the brain represents flavors that support aversive postingestive learning. Surveying cellular resolution brainwide activation patterns reveals that a network of amygdala regions is unique in being preferentially activated by novel flavors across every stage of the learning process: the initial meal, delayed malaise, and memory retrieval. By combining high-density recordings in the amygdala with optogenetic stimulation of genetically defined hindbrain malaise cells, we find that postingestive malaise signals potently and specifically reactivate amygdalar novel flavor representations from a recent meal. The degree of malaise-driven reactivation of individual neurons predicts strengthening of flavor responses upon memory retrieval, leading to stabilization of the population-level representation of the recently consumed flavor. In contrast, meals without postingestive consequences degrade neural flavor representations as flavors become familiar and safe. Thus, our findings demonstrate that interoceptive reactivation of amygdalar flavor representations provides a neural mechanism to resolve the temporal credit assignment problem inherent to postingestive learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bichan Wu
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Emma F Keppler
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Eartha Mae Guthman
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Robert N Fetcho
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Scott S Bolkan
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brenna McMannon
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Junuk Lee
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Austin T Hoag
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Laura A Lynch
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Juan F López Luna
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Adrian G Bondy
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Annegret L Falkner
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel S-H Wang
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ilana B Witten
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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4
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Nguyen ND, Lutas A, Amsalem O, Fernando J, Ahn AYE, Hakim R, Vergara J, McMahon J, Dimidschstein J, Sabatini BL, Andermann ML. Cortical reactivations predict future sensory responses. Nature 2024; 625:110-118. [PMID: 38093002 PMCID: PMC11014741 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Many theories of offline memory consolidation posit that the pattern of neurons activated during a salient sensory experience will be faithfully reactivated, thereby stabilizing the pattern1,2. However, sensory-evoked patterns are not stable but, instead, drift across repeated experiences3-6. Here, to investigate the relationship between reactivations and the drift of sensory representations, we imaged the calcium activity of thousands of excitatory neurons in the mouse lateral visual cortex. During the minute after a visual stimulus, we observed transient, stimulus-specific reactivations, often coupled with hippocampal sharp-wave ripples. Stimulus-specific reactivations were abolished by local cortical silencing during the preceding stimulus. Reactivations early in a session systematically differed from the pattern evoked by the previous stimulus-they were more similar to future stimulus response patterns, thereby predicting both within-day and across-day representational drift. In particular, neurons that participated proportionally more or less in early stimulus reactivations than in stimulus response patterns gradually increased or decreased their future stimulus responses, respectively. Indeed, we could accurately predict future changes in stimulus responses and the separation of responses to distinct stimuli using only the rate and content of reactivations. Thus, reactivations may contribute to a gradual drift and separation in sensory cortical response patterns, thereby enhancing sensory discrimination7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghia D Nguyen
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Lutas
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oren Amsalem
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesseba Fernando
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andy Young-Eon Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Hakim
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josselyn Vergara
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Justin McMahon
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordane Dimidschstein
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bernardo L Sabatini
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.549838. [PMID: 37577675 PMCID: PMC10418100 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.549838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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6
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Harvey RE, Robinson HL, Liu C, Oliva A, Fernandez-Ruiz A. Hippocampo-cortical circuits for selective memory encoding, routing, and replay. Neuron 2023; 111:2076-2090.e9. [PMID: 37196658 PMCID: PMC11146684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally considered a homogeneous cell type, hippocampal pyramidal cells have been recently shown to be highly diverse. However, how this cellular diversity relates to the different hippocampal network computations that support memory-guided behavior is not yet known. We show that the anatomical identity of pyramidal cells is a major organizing principle of CA1 assembly dynamics, the emergence of memory replay, and cortical projection patterns in rats. Segregated pyramidal cell subpopulations encoded trajectory and choice-specific information or tracked changes in reward configuration respectively, and their activity was selectively read out by different cortical targets. Furthermore, distinct hippocampo-cortical assemblies coordinated the reactivation of complementary memory representations. These findings reveal the existence of specialized hippocampo-cortical subcircuits and provide a cellular mechanism that supports the computational flexibility and memory capacities of these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Harvey
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Heath L Robinson
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Azahara Oliva
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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7
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Shin H, Ogando MB, Abdeladim L, Durand S, Belski H, Cabasco H, Loefler H, Bawany A, Hardcastle B, Wilkes J, Nguyen K, Suarez L, Johnson T, Han W, Ouellette B, Grasso C, Swapp J, Ha V, Young A, Caldejon S, Williford A, Groblewski P, Olsen S, Kiselycznyk C, Lecoq J, Adesnik H. Recurrent pattern completion drives the neocortical representation of sensory inference. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.05.543698. [PMID: 37333175 PMCID: PMC10274729 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.05.543698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
When sensory information is incomplete or ambiguous, the brain relies on prior expectations to infer perceptual objects. Despite the centrality of this process to perception, the neural mechanism of sensory inference is not known. Illusory contours (ICs) are key tools to study sensory inference because they contain edges or objects that are implied only by their spatial context. Using cellular resolution, mesoscale two-photon calcium imaging and multi-Neuropixels recordings in the mouse visual cortex, we identified a sparse subset of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) and higher visual areas that respond emergently to ICs. We found that these highly selective 'IC-encoders' mediate the neural representation of IC inference. Strikingly, selective activation of these neurons using two-photon holographic optogenetics was sufficient to recreate IC representation in the rest of the V1 network, in the absence of any visual stimulus. This outlines a model in which primary sensory cortex facilitates sensory inference by selectively strengthening input patterns that match prior expectations through local, recurrent circuitry. Our data thus suggest a clear computational purpose for recurrence in the generation of holistic percepts under sensory ambiguity. More generally, selective reinforcement of top-down predictions by pattern-completing recurrent circuits in lower sensory cortices may constitute a key step in sensory inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoung Shin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Present Address: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mora B Ogando
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lamiae Abdeladim
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Hannah Belski
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Henry Loefler
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ahad Bawany
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Josh Wilkes
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lucas Suarez
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tye Johnson
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Warren Han
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ben Ouellette
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Conor Grasso
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jackie Swapp
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vivian Ha
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ahrial Young
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ali Williford
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Shawn Olsen
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jerome Lecoq
- Allen Institute, Mindscope Program, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hillel Adesnik
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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8
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Burke DA, Jeong H, Wu B, Lee SA, Floeder JR, Namboodiri VMK. Few-shot learning: temporal scaling in behavioral and dopaminergic learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.31.535173. [PMID: 37034619 PMCID: PMC10081323 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.535173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
How do we learn associations in the world (e.g., between cues and rewards)? Cue-reward associative learning is controlled in the brain by mesolimbic dopamine1-4. It is widely believed that dopamine drives such learning by conveying a reward prediction error (RPE) in accordance with temporal difference reinforcement learning (TDRL) algorithms5. TDRL implementations are "trial-based": learning progresses sequentially across individual cue-outcome experiences. Accordingly, a foundational assumption-often considered a mere truism-is that the more cue-reward pairings one experiences, the more one learns this association. Here, we disprove this assumption, thereby falsifying a foundational principle of trial-based learning algorithms. Specifically, when a group of head-fixed mice received ten times fewer experiences over the same total time as another, a single experience produced as much learning as ten experiences in the other group. This quantitative scaling also holds for mesolimbic dopaminergic learning, with the increase in learning rate being so high that the group with fewer experiences exhibits dopaminergic learning in as few as four cue-reward experiences and behavioral learning in nine. An algorithm implementing reward-triggered retrospective learning explains these findings. The temporal scaling and few-shot learning observed here fundamentally changes our understanding of the neural algorithms of associative learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A Burke
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Huijeong Jeong
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Wu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seul Ah Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joseph R Floeder
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Creation of Neuronal Ensembles and Cell-Specific Homeostatic Plasticity through Chronic Sparse Optogenetic Stimulation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:82-92. [PMID: 36400529 PMCID: PMC9838708 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1104-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical computations emerge from the dynamics of neurons embedded in complex cortical circuits. Within these circuits, neuronal ensembles, which represent subnetworks with shared functional connectivity, emerge in an experience-dependent manner. Here we induced ensembles in ex vivo cortical circuits from mice of either sex by differentially activating subpopulations through chronic optogenetic stimulation. We observed a decrease in voltage correlation, and importantly a synaptic decoupling between the stimulated and nonstimulated populations. We also observed a decrease in firing rate during Up-states in the stimulated population. These ensemble-specific changes were accompanied by decreases in intrinsic excitability in the stimulated population, and a decrease in connectivity between stimulated and nonstimulated pyramidal neurons. By incorporating the empirically observed changes in intrinsic excitability and connectivity into a spiking neural network model, we were able to demonstrate that changes in both intrinsic excitability and connectivity accounted for the decreased firing rate, but only changes in connectivity accounted for the observed decorrelation. Our findings help ascertain the mechanisms underlying the ability of chronic patterned stimulation to create ensembles within cortical circuits and, importantly, show that while Up-states are a global network-wide phenomenon, functionally distinct ensembles can preserve their identity during Up-states through differential firing rates and correlations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The connectivity and activity patterns of local cortical circuits are shaped by experience. This experience-dependent reorganization of cortical circuits is driven by complex interactions between different local learning rules, external input, and reciprocal feedback between many distinct brain areas. Here we used an ex vivo approach to demonstrate how simple forms of chronic external stimulation can shape local cortical circuits in terms of their correlated activity and functional connectivity. The absence of feedback between different brain areas and full control of external input allowed for a tractable system to study the underlying mechanisms and development of a computational model. Results show that differential stimulation of subpopulations of neurons significantly reshapes cortical circuits and forms subnetworks referred to as neuronal ensembles.
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10
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Blaeser AS, Sugden AU, Zhao J, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Shipley FB, Carrié H, Andermann ML, Levy D. Trigeminal afferents sense locomotion-related meningeal deformations. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111648. [PMID: 36384109 PMCID: PMC9713852 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The trigeminal sensory innervation of the cranial meninges is thought to serve a nociceptive function and mediate headache pain. However, the activity of meningeal afferents under natural conditions in awake animals remains unexplored. Here, we used two- and three-dimensional two-photon calcium imaging to track the activity of meningeal afferent fibers in awake mice. Surprisingly, a large subset of afferents was activated during non-noxious conditions such as locomotion. We estimated locomotion-related meningeal deformations and found afferents with distinct dynamics and tuning to various levels of meningeal expansion, compression, shearing, and Z-axis motion. Further, these mechanosensitive afferents were often tuned to distinct directions of meningeal expansion or compression. Thus, in addition to their role in headache-related pain, meningeal sensory neurons track the dynamic mechanical state of the meninges under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Frederick B Shipley
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hanaé Carrié
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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11
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Kobayashi S, O'Hashi K, Kobayashi M. Repetitive nociceptive stimulation increases spontaneous neural activation similar to nociception-induced activity in mouse insular cortex. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15190. [PMID: 36071208 PMCID: PMC9452502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent noninvasive neuroimaging technology has revealed that spatiotemporal patterns of cortical spontaneous activity observed in chronic pain patients are different from those in healthy subjects, suggesting that the spontaneous cortical activity plays a key role in the induction and/or maintenance of chronic pain. However, the mechanisms of the spontaneously emerging activities supposed to be induced by nociceptive inputs remain to be established. In the present study, we investigated spontaneous cortical activities in sessions before and after electrical stimulation of the periodontal ligament (PDL) by applying wide-field and two-photon calcium imaging to anesthetized GCaMP6s transgenic mice. First, we identified the sequential cortical activation patterns from the primary somatosensory and secondary somatosensory cortices to the insular cortex (IC) by PDL stimulation. We, then found that spontaneous IC activities that exhibited a similar spatiotemporal cortical pattern to evoked activities by PDL stimulation increased in the session after repetitive PDL stimulation. At the single-cell level, repetitive PDL stimulation augmented the synchronous neuronal activity. These results suggest that cortical plasticity induced by the repetitive stimulation leads to the frequent PDL stimulation-evoked-like spontaneous IC activation. This nociception-induced spontaneous activity in IC may be a part of mechanisms that induces chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutaro Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.,Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Kazunori O'Hashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan. .,Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan. .,Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan. .,Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan. .,Molecular Imaging Research Center, RIKEN, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
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12
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Takehara-Nishiuchi K. Flexibility of memory for future-oriented cognition. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 76:102622. [PMID: 35994840 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Memories of daily experiences contain incidental details unique to each experience as well as common latent patterns shared with others. Neural representations focusing on the latter aspect can be reinstated by similar new experiences even though their perceptual features do not match the original experiences perfectly. Such flexible memory use allows for faster learning and better decision-making in novel situations. Here, I review evidence from rodent and primate electrophysiological studies to discuss how memory flexibility is implemented in the spiking activity of neuronal ensembles. These findings uncovered innate and learned coding properties and their potential refinement during sleep that support flexible integration and application of memories for better future adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Takehara-Nishiuchi
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G3, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G3, Canada; Neuroscience Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G3, Canada.
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13
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McGuire KL, Amsalem O, Sugden AU, Ramesh RN, Fernando J, Burgess CR, Andermann ML. Visual association cortex links cues with conjunctions of reward and locomotor contexts. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1563-1576.e8. [PMID: 35245458 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Postrhinal cortex (POR) and neighboring lateral visual association areas are necessary for identifying objects and interpreting them in specific contexts, but how POR neurons encode the same object across contexts remains unclear. Here, we imaged excitatory neurons in mouse POR across tens of days prior to and throughout initial cue-reward learning and reversal learning. We assessed responses to the same cue when it was rewarded or unrewarded, during both locomotor and stationary contexts. Surprisingly, a large class of POR neurons were minimally cue-driven prior to learning. After learning, distinct clusters within this class responded selectively to a given cue when presented in a specific conjunction of reward and locomotion contexts. In addition, another class contained clusters of neurons whose cue responses were more transient, insensitive to reward learning, and adapted over thousands of presentations. These two classes of POR neurons may support context-dependent interpretation and context-independent identification of sensory cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L McGuire
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Perceptive Automata, 201 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Oren Amsalem
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Duquesne University, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; Behaivior, 6401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Rohan N Ramesh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Known, 5 Bryant Park, New York, NY 10018, USA
| | - Jesseba Fernando
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christian R Burgess
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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K Namboodiri VM, Stuber GD. The learning of prospective and retrospective cognitive maps within neural circuits. Neuron 2021; 109:3552-3575. [PMID: 34678148 PMCID: PMC8809184 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain circuits are thought to form a "cognitive map" to process and store statistical relationships in the environment. A cognitive map is commonly defined as a mental representation that describes environmental states (i.e., variables or events) and the relationship between these states. This process is commonly conceptualized as a prospective process, as it is based on the relationships between states in chronological order (e.g., does reward follow a given state?). In this perspective, we expand this concept on the basis of recent findings to postulate that in addition to a prospective map, the brain forms and uses a retrospective cognitive map (e.g., does a given state precede reward?). In doing so, we demonstrate that many neural signals and behaviors (e.g., habits) that seem inflexible and non-cognitive can result from retrospective cognitive maps. Together, we present a significant conceptual reframing of the neurobiological study of associative learning, memory, and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri
- Department of Neurology, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Garret D Stuber
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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15
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Livneh Y, Andermann ML. Cellular activity in insular cortex across seconds to hours: Sensations and predictions of bodily states. Neuron 2021; 109:3576-3593. [PMID: 34582784 PMCID: PMC8602715 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Our wellness relies on continuous interactions between our brain and body: different organs relay their current state to the brain and are regulated, in turn, by descending visceromotor commands from our brain and by actions such as eating, drinking, thermotaxis, and predator escape. Human neuroimaging and theoretical studies suggest a key role for predictive processing by insular cortex in guiding these efforts to maintain bodily homeostasis. Here, we review recent studies recording and manipulating cellular activity in rodent insular cortex at timescales from seconds to hours. We argue that consideration of these findings in the context of predictive processing of future bodily states may reconcile several apparent discrepancies and offer a unifying, heuristic model for guiding future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Livneh
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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16
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Drifting assemblies for persistent memory: Neuron transitions and unsupervised compensation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2023832118. [PMID: 34772802 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023832118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Change is ubiquitous in living beings. In particular, the connectome and neural representations can change. Nevertheless, behaviors and memories often persist over long times. In a standard model, associative memories are represented by assemblies of strongly interconnected neurons. For faithful storage these assemblies are assumed to consist of the same neurons over time. Here we propose a contrasting memory model with complete temporal remodeling of assemblies, based on experimentally observed changes of synapses and neural representations. The assemblies drift freely as noisy autonomous network activity and spontaneous synaptic turnover induce neuron exchange. The gradual exchange allows activity-dependent and homeostatic plasticity to conserve the representational structure and keep inputs, outputs, and assemblies consistent. This leads to persistent memory. Our findings explain recent experimental results on temporal evolution of fear memory representations and suggest that memory systems need to be understood in their completeness as individual parts may constantly change.
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17
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Silent Synapses in Cocaine-Associated Memory and Beyond. J Neurosci 2021; 41:9275-9285. [PMID: 34759051 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1559-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamatergic synapses are key cellular sites where cocaine experience creates memory traces that subsequently promote cocaine craving and seeking. In addition to making across-the-board synaptic adaptations, cocaine experience also generates a discrete population of new synapses that selectively encode cocaine memories. These new synapses are glutamatergic synapses that lack functionally stable AMPARs, often referred to as AMPAR-silent synapses or, simply, silent synapses. They are generated de novo in the NAc by cocaine experience. After drug withdrawal, some of these synapses mature by recruiting AMPARs, contributing to the consolidation of cocaine-associated memory. After cue-induced retrieval of cocaine memories, matured silent synapses alternate between two dynamic states (AMPAR-absent vs AMPAR-containing) that correspond with the behavioral manifestations of destabilization and reconsolidation of these memories. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying silent synapse dynamics during behavior, discuss their contributions to circuit remodeling, and analyze their role in cocaine-memory-driven behaviors. We also propose several mechanisms through which silent synapses can form neuronal ensembles as well as cross-region circuit engrams for cocaine-specific behaviors. These perspectives lead to our hypothesis that cocaine-generated silent synapses stand as a distinct set of synaptic substrates encoding key aspects of cocaine memory that drive cocaine relapse.
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18
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Wang G, Xie H, Hu Y, Chen Q, Liu C, Liu K, Yan Y, Guan JS. Egr1-EGFP transgenic mouse allows in vivo recording of Egr1 expression and neural activity. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109350. [PMID: 34487772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immediate-early genes (IEGs) have been serving as markers of active neurons for their rapid responses to stimulation. With the development of IEG-EGFP reporters by the GENSAT project, application of the IEGs have been greatly expanded. However, detailed validations for these systems are still lacking, causing trouble in the interpretation of the fluorescence signals. NEW METHOD In this work, taken Egr1-EGFP transgenic mice as an example, we proposed an improvement for the usage of the Egr1-EGFP reporter system based on detailed validation of its fluorescence signals. RESULTS Firstly, the exogenous EGFP mRNA levels were linearly correlated with the endogenous Egr1 mRNA levels in neurons. Secondly, the 3-hr-changes of the Egr1-EGFP signals before and after the stimulus were positively correlated with the stimulus-induced neuronal activities. Interestingly, persistent neuronal activity patterns in the post-stimulus phase also showed correlation with the stimulus-induced Egr1-EGFP signal changes. Furthermore, enriched environments engaged dramatic neuronal activations, allowing detailed characterization of Egr1-EGFP expression dynamics. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) People used to infer the neuronal activities based on the raw fluorescence signals of IEG-EGFP reporter system, which was strongly obstructed by distinct protein regulation or dynamic properties between the EGFP and the IEGs. We demonstrated a better way for data analysis and experimental design. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this work proves that Egr1-EGFP signal is weakly but significantly correlated to task-induced neural activity and gives detailed characterization of the signal dynamics. It not only provides basis for the understanding of the IEG-EGFP fluorescence signals but also offers instructions for proper experimental design with IEG-EGFP reporter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Institute of Brain Intelligence Science and Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qinan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chenhui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, IDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuze Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, IDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ji-Song Guan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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19
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Peng X, Burwell RD. Beyond the hippocampus: The role of parahippocampal-prefrontal communication in context-modulated behavior. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 185:107520. [PMID: 34537379 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple paradigms indicate that the physical environment can influence spontaneous and learned behavior. In rodents, context-dependent behavior is putatively supported by the prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobe. A preponderance of the literature has targeted the role of the hippocampus. In addition to the hippocampus proper, the medial temporal lobe also comprises parahippocampal areas, including the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices. These parahippocampal areas directly connect with multiple regions in the prefrontal cortex. The function of these connections, however, is not well understood. This article first reviews the involvement of the perirhinal, postrhinal, and prefrontal cortices in context-dependent behavior in rodents. Then, based on functional and anatomical evidence, we suggest that perirhinal and postrhinal contributions to context-dependent behavior go beyond supporting context representation in the hippocampus. Specifically, we propose that the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices act as a contextual-support network that directly provides contextual and spatial information to the prefrontal cortex. In turn, the perirhinal and postrhinal cortices modulate prefrontal input to the hippocampus in the service of context-guided behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Peng
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Rebecca D Burwell
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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20
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Nour MM, Liu Y, Arumuham A, Kurth-Nelson Z, Dolan RJ. Impaired neural replay of inferred relationships in schizophrenia. Cell 2021; 184:4315-4328.e17. [PMID: 34197734 PMCID: PMC8357425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An ability to build structured mental maps of the world underpins our capacity to imagine relationships between objects that extend beyond experience. In rodents, such representations are supported by sequential place cell reactivations during rest, known as replay. Schizophrenia is proposed to reflect a compromise in structured mental representations, with animal models reporting abnormalities in hippocampal replay and associated ripple activity during rest. Here, utilizing magnetoencephalography (MEG), we tasked patients with schizophrenia and control participants to infer unobserved relationships between objects by reorganizing visual experiences containing these objects. During a post-task rest session, controls exhibited fast spontaneous neural reactivation of presented objects that replayed inferred relationships. Replay was coincident with increased ripple power in hippocampus. Patients showed both reduced replay and augmented ripple power relative to controls, convergent with findings in animal models. These abnormalities are linked to impairments in behavioral acquisition and subsequent neural representation of task structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Nour
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (WCHN), University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Yunzhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Atheeshaan Arumuham
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Zeb Kurth-Nelson
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK; Deepmind, London NC1 4AG, UK
| | - Raymond J Dolan
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (WCHN), University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; BIH Visiting Professor, Stiftung Charité, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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