1
|
Zheng D, Bashir M, Li Z. ERα prevents tumorigenesis of both liver and breast cancer cells through CCN5. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:103-112. [PMID: 37343316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-mediated estrogen signaling has also shown to prevent hepatic tumorigenesis in mice. Consistent with this, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen supplementation dramatically reduced the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Silencing of ERα is also a key event for the transformation of ERα-positive breast cancer cells into malignant triple-negative breast cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying ERα-mediated prevention of both hepatic and mammary tumorigenesis in humans are still unclear. Here, we present a functional genomics study of ERα targeting by comparing human liver cancer cells with human breast cancer cells using "loss or gain of function" genetic assays of ERα in vitro and in vivo. We discover that cellular communication network factor 5 (CCN5) is a direct downstream target of ERα; ERα suppresses growth and prevents tumorigenesis and malignant transformation of both liver and breast cancer cells through CCN5 in humans. The ERα-CCN5 regulatory axis functions as suppressors for both hepatic and mammary tumors, which is a common mechanism of preventing tumorigenesis for both liver cancer and breast cancer in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daoshan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350112, China
| | - Muniba Bashir
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, QE II, M Block 225C, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Zhaoyu Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, QE II, M Block 225C, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yeger H. CCN proteins: opportunities for clinical studies-a personal perspective. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00761-y. [PMID: 37195381 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse members of the CCN family now designated as CCN1(CYR61), CCN2 (CTGF), CCN3(NOV), CCN4(WISP1), CCN5(WISP2), CCN6(WISP3) are a conserved matricellular family of proteins exhibiting a spectrum of functional properties throughout all organs in the body. Interaction with cell membrane receptors such as integrins trigger intracellular signaling pathways. Proteolytically cleaved fragments (constituting the active domains) can be transported to the nucleus and perform transcriptional relevant functional activities. Notably, as also found in other protein families some members act opposite to others creating a system of functionally relevant checks and balances. It has become apparent that these proteins are secreted into the circulation, are quantifiable, and can serve as disease biomarkers. How they might also serve as homeostatic regulators is just becoming appreciated. In this review I have attempted to highlight the most recent evidence under the subcategories of cancer and non-cancer relevant that could lead to potential therapeutic approaches or ideas that can be factored into clinical advances. I have added my own personal perspective on feasibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herman Yeger
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, SickKids, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sen U, Shanavas S, Nagendra AH, Nihad M, Chaudhury D, Rachamalla HK, Banerjee R, Shenoy P S, Bose B. Significance of Oct-4 transcription factor as a pivotal therapeutic target for CD44 + /24 - mammary tumor initiating cells: Aiming at the root of the recurrence. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:742-753. [PMID: 36573403 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains one of the deadliest and frequently diagnosed metastatic cancers worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the cell population within the tumor niche, having an epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) transition phenotype, high self-renewal, vigorous metastatic capacity, drug resistance, and tumor relapse. Identification of targets for induction of apoptosis is essential to provide novel therapeutic approaches in BC. Our earlier studies showed that Vitamin C induces apoptotic cell death by losing redox balance in TNBC CSCs. In this study, we have attempted to identify previously unrecognized CSC survival factors that can be used as druggable targets for bCSCs apoptosis regulators isolated from the TNBC line, MDA MB 468. After a thorough literature review, Oct-4 was identified as the most promising marker for its unique abundance in cancer and absence in normal cells and the contribution of Oct-4 to the sustenance of cancer cells. We then validated a very high expression of Oct-4 in the MDA MB 468 bCSCs population using flow-cytometry. The loss of Oct-4 was carried out using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown in the bCSCs, followed by assessing for cellular apoptosis. Our results indicated that Oct-4 knockdown induced cell death, changes in cellular morphology, inhibited mammosphere formation, and positive for Annexin-V expression, thereby indicating the role of Oct-4 in bCSC survival. Moreover, our findings also suggest the direct interaction between Oct-4 and Vitamin C using in silico docking. This data, hence, contributes towards novel information about Oct-4 highlighting this molecule as a novel survival factor in bCSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Sen
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shanooja Shanavas
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Apoorva H Nagendra
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Muhammad Nihad
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Debajit Chaudhury
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Hari K Rachamalla
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudheer Shenoy P
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bipasha Bose
- Stem cells and regenerative medicine centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be university), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song MH, Jo Y, Kim YK, Kook H, Jeong D, Park WJ. The TSP-1 domain of the matricellular protein CCN5 is essential for its nuclear localization and anti-fibrotic function. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267629. [PMID: 35476850 PMCID: PMC9045603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The matricellular protein CCN5 exerts anti-fibrotic activity in hearts partly by inducing reverse trans-differentiation of myofibroblasts (MyoFBs) to fibroblasts (FBs). CCN5 consists of three structural domains: an insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), a von Willebrand factor type C (VWC), and a thrombospondin type 1 (TSP-1). In this study, we set out to elucidate the roles of these domains in the context of the reverse trans-differentiation of MyoFBs to FBs. First, human cardiac FBs were trans-differentiated to MyoFBs by treatment with TGF-β; this was then reversed by treatment with recombinant human CCN5 protein or various recombinant proteins comprising individual or paired CCN5 domains. Subcellular localization of these recombinant proteins was analyzed by immunocytochemistry, cellular fractionation, and western blotting. Anti-fibrotic activity was also evaluated by examining expression of MyoFB-specific markers, α-SMA and fibronectin. Our data show that CCN5 is taken up by FBs and MyoFBs mainly via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which is essential for the function of CCN5 during the reverse trans-differentiation of MyoFBs. Furthermore, we showed that the TSP-1 domain is essential and sufficient for endocytosis and nuclear localization of CCN5. However, the TSP-1 domain alone is not sufficient for the anti-fibrotic function of CCN5; either the IGFBP or VWC domain is needed in addition to the TSP-1 domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Song
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yongjoon Jo
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongtak Jeong
- Department of Molecular & Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University-ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (WJP); (DJ)
| | - Woo Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
- * E-mail: (WJP); (DJ)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Suliman HB, Healy Z, Zobi F, Kraft BD, Welty-Wolf K, Smith J, Barkauskas C, Piantadosi CA. Nuclear respiratory factor-1 negatively regulates TGF-β1 and attenuates pulmonary fibrosis. iScience 2022; 25:103535. [PMID: 34977500 PMCID: PMC8683592 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The preclinical model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is useful to study mechanisms related to human pulmonary fibrosis. Using BLM in mice, we find low HO-1 expression. Although a unique Rhenium-CO-releasing molecule (ReCORM) up-regulates HO-1, NRF-1, CCN5, and SMAD7, it reduces TGFβ1, TGFβr1, collagen, α-SMA, and phosphorylated Smad2/3 levels in mouse lung and in human lung fibroblasts. ChIP assay studies confirm NRF-1 binding to the promoters of TGFβ1 repressors CCN5 and Smad7. ReCORM did not blunt lung fibrosis in Hmox1-deficient alveolar type 2 cell knockout mice, suggesting this gene participates in lung protection. In human lung fibroblasts, TGFβ1-dependent production of α-SMA is abolished by ReCORM or by NRF-1 gene transfection. We demonstrate effective HO-1/NRF-1 signaling in lung AT2 cells protects against BLM induced lung injury and fibrosis by maintaining mitochondrial health, function, and suppressing the TGFβ1 pathway. Thus, protection of AT2 cell mitochondrial integrity via HO-1/NRF-1 presents an innovative therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagir B. Suliman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zachary Healy
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bryan D. Kraft
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Karen Welty-Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua Smith
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina Barkauskas
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Claude A. Piantadosi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Janjanam J, Pano G, Wang R, Minden-Birkenmaier BA, Breeze-Jones H, Baker E, Garcin C, Clayton G, Shirinifard A, Zaske AM, Finkelstein D, Labelle M. Matricellular protein WISP2 is an endogenous inhibitor of collagen linearization and cancer metastasis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5666-5677. [PMID: 34385183 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Collagen remodeling contributes to many physiological and pathological processes. In primary tumors, the linearization of collagen fibers promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis and is indicative of poor prognosis. However, it remains unknown whether there are endogenous inhibitors of collagen linearization that could be exploited therapeutically. Here, we show that collagen linearization is controlled by two secreted matricellular proteins with antagonistic functions. Specifically, WISP1 was secreted by cancer cells, bound to type I collagen (Col I), and linearized Col I via its cysteine-rich C-terminal (CT) domain. In contrast, WISP2, which lacks a CT domain, inhibited Col I linearization by preventing WISP1-Col I binding. Analysis of patient data revealed that WISP2 expression is lower in most solid tumors, in comparison to normal tissues. Consequently, genetic or pharmacological restoration of higher WISP2 levels impaired collagen linearization and prevented tumor cell invasion and metastasis in vivo in models of human and murine breast cancer. Thus, this study uncovers WISP2 as the first inhibitor of collagen linearization ever identified and reveals that collagen architecture can be normalized and metastasis inhibited by therapeutically restoring a high WISP2:WISP1 ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Glendin Pano
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | - Ruishan Wang
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | | | | | - Eleanor Baker
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | - Cecile Garcin
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | - Georgia Clayton
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| | | | - Ana Maria Zaske
- Department of Internal Medicine, UTHealth - The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Myriam Labelle
- Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou G, Gui X, Qu W. Clinical significance of CCN5 and mutant p53 in primary and recurrent lesions of breast cancer. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:8433-8437. [PMID: 34377340 PMCID: PMC8340222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression and significance of CCN5 and mutant p53 proteins in primary and recurrent lesions of breast cancer (BC) patients. METHODS The expression of CCN5 and mutant p53 proteins in 20 normal breast tissues, 60 primary and chest wall recurrent lesions were detected by streptavidin peroxidase conjugated (SP) method. RESULTS The differences in CCN5 and mutant p53 expression is significant among normal breast tissue, primary lesion, and recurrent lesions (Χ2=18.380 and Χ2=30.549, P < 0.05), and the expression of CCN5 protein was higher and the expression of mutant p53 protein was lower in all primary lesions than in recurrent lesions (P < 0.05). CCN5 expression was higher in the group without lymph node metastasis (LNM) than in the group with LNM in BC patients, while mutant p53 protein expression was higher in the group with LNM than in the group without LNM (Χ2=9.775, Χ2=7.102, P < 0.05). There was a negative relationship between CCN5 and mutant p53 protein expression in BC tissues (rp=-0.013, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION CCN5, mutant p53 protein expression may play different regulatory roles in BC recurrence and LNM and have important implications in BC development and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xingxing Gui
- Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Das A, Haque I, Ray P, Ghosh A, Dutta D, Quadir M, De A, Gunewardena S, Chatterjee I, Banerjee S, Weir S, Banerjee SK. CCN5 activation by free or encapsulated EGCG is required to render triple-negative breast cancer cell viability and tumor progression. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00753. [PMID: 33745223 PMCID: PMC7981588 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been considered an anticancer agent despite conflicting and discrepant bioavailability views. EGCG impairs the viability and self-renewal capacity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and makes them sensitive to estrogen via activating ER-α. Surprisingly, the mechanism of EGCG's action on TNBC cells remains unclear. CCN5/WISP-2 is a gatekeeper gene that regulates viability, ER-α, and stemness in TNBC and other types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether EGCG (free or encapsulated in nanoparticles) interacts with the CCN5 protein by emphasizing its bioavailability and enhancing its anticancer effect. We demonstrate that EGCG activates CCN5 to inhibit in vitro cell viability through apoptosis, the sphere-forming ability via reversing TNBC cells' stemness, and suppressing tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we found EGCG-loaded nanoparticles to be functionally more active and superior in their tumor-suppressing ability than free-EGCG. Together, these studies identify EGCG (free or encapsulated) as a novel activator of CCN5 in TNBC cells and hold promise as a future therapeutic option for TNBC with upregulated CCN5 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Das
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
- Present address:
National Institute of Biomedical GenomicsKalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
| | - Priyanka Ray
- Department of Chemical Biochemical Environmental Engineering (CBEEUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Debasmita Dutta
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric MaterialsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Mohiuddin Quadir
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric MaterialsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Archana De
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Indranil Chatterjee
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Life SciencesCentral University of Tamil NaduThiruvarurIndia
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Scott Weir
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Sushanta K. Banerjee
- Cancer Research UnitVA Medical CenterKansas CityMOUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
- Lead contact, SKB, Cancer Research UnitKansas CityMOUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Monosomy 3 Influences Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Gene Expression in Uveal Melanoma Patients; Consequences for Liquid Biopsy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249651. [PMID: 33348918 PMCID: PMC7767066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite outstanding advances in diagnosis and the treatment of primary uveal melanoma (UM), nearly 50% of UM patients develop metastases via hematogenous dissemination, driven by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Despite the failure in UM to date, a liquid biopsy may offer a feasible non-invasive approach for monitoring metastatic disease progression and addressing protracted dormancy. To detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in UM patients, we evaluated the mRNA expression of EMT-associated transcription factors in CD45-depleted blood fraction, using qRT-PCR. ddPCR was employed to assess UM-specific GNA11, GNAQ, PLCβ4, and CYSLTR2 mutations in plasma DNA. Moreover, microarray analysis was performed on total RNA isolated from tumor tissues to estimate the prognostic value of EMT-associated gene expression. In total, 42 primary UM and 11 metastatic patients were enrolled. All CD45-depleted samples were negative for CTC when compared to the peripheral blood fraction of 60 healthy controls. Tumor-specific mutations were detected in the plasma of 21.4% patients, merely, in 9.4% of primary UM, while 54.5% in metastatic patients. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed EMT genes showed significant differences between monosomy 3 and disomy 3 tumors. Newly identified genes can serve as non-invasive prognostic biomarkers that can support therapeutic decisions.
Collapse
|
10
|
Haque I, Kawsar HI, Motes H, Sharma M, Banerjee S, Banerjee SK, Godwin AK, Huang CH. Downregulation of miR-506-3p Facilitates EGFR-TKI Resistance through Induction of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9307. [PMID: 33291316 PMCID: PMC7729622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation eventually develop resistance to EGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Treatment resistance remains the primary obstacle to the successful treatment of NSCLC. Although drug resistance mechanisms have been studied extensively in NSCLC, the regulation of these mechanisms has not been completely understood. Recently, increasing numbers of microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in EGFR-TKI resistance, indicating that miRNAs may serve as novel targets and may hold promise as predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR therapy. MicroRNA-506 (miR-506) has been identified as a tumor suppressor in many cancers, including lung cancer; however, the role of miR-506 in lung cancer chemoresistance has not yet been addressed. Here we report that miR-506-3p expression was markedly reduced in erlotinib-resistant (ER) cells. We identified Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) as a novel target of miR-506-3p, aberrantly activated in ER cells. The ectopic overexpression of miR-506-3p in ER cells downregulates SHH signaling, increases E-cadherin expression, and inhibits the expression of vimentin, thus counteracting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated chemoresistance. Our results advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying EGFR-TKI resistance and indicated that the miR-506/SHH axis might represent a novel therapeutic target for future EGFR mutated lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (H.M.); (S.B.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Hameem I. Kawsar
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Hannah Motes
- Cancer Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (H.M.); (S.B.); (S.K.B.)
- Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Andrew Taylor Still University, Jefferson St, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Mukut Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA;
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (H.M.); (S.B.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Sushanta K. Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (H.M.); (S.B.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Chao H. Huang
- Cancer Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA; (H.M.); (S.B.); (S.K.B.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Akt-targeted therapy as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer - A comprehensive review from chemotherapy to immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104806. [PMID: 32294525 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women. Chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy has been used to treat breast cancer. Atezolizumab targeting the protein programmed cell death-ligand (PD-L1) in combination with paclitaxel was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), the most incurable type of breast cancer. However, the use of such drugs is restricted by genotype and is effective only for those TNBC patients expressing PD-L1. In addition, resistance to chemotherapy with drugs such as lapatinib, geftinib, and tamoxifen can develop. In this review, we address chemoresistance in breast cancer and discuss Akt as the master regulator of drug resistance and several oncogenic mechanisms in breast cancer. Akt not only directly interacts with the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway to affect PD-L1 expression, but also has crosstalk with Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved in cell migration and breast cancer stem cell integrity. In this review, we discuss the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on Akt activation as well as the mechanism of Akt signaling in drug resistance. Akt also has a crucial role in mitochondrial metabolism and migrates into mitochondria to remodel breast cancer cell metabolism while also functioning in responses to hypoxic conditions. The Akt inhibitors ipatasertib, capivasertib, uprosertib, and MK-2206 not only suppress cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, but may also inhibit cytokine regulation and PD-L1 expression. Ipatasertib and uprosertib are undergoing clinical investigation to treat TNBC. Inhibition of Akt and its regulators can be used to control breast cancer progression and also immunosuppression, while discovery of additional compounds that target Akt and its modulators could provide solutions to resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gerarduzzi C, Hartmann U, Leask A, Drobetsky E. The Matrix Revolution: Matricellular Proteins and Restructuring of the Cancer Microenvironment. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2705-2717. [PMID: 32193287 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding cells is indispensable for regulating their behavior. The dynamics of ECM signaling are tightly controlled throughout growth and development. During tissue remodeling, matricellular proteins (MCP) are secreted into the ECM. These factors do not serve classical structural roles, but rather regulate matrix proteins and cell-matrix interactions to influence normal cellular functions. In the tumor microenvironment, it is becoming increasingly clear that aberrantly expressed MCPs can support multiple hallmarks of carcinogenesis by interacting with various cellular components that are coupled to an array of downstream signals. Moreover, MCPs also reorganize the biomechanical properties of the ECM to accommodate metastasis and tumor colonization. This realization is stimulating new research on MCPs as reliable and accessible biomarkers in cancer, as well as effective and selective therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ursula Hartmann
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ji X, Liu T, Zhao S, Li J, Li L, Wang E. WISP-2, an upregulated gene in hip cartilage from the DDH model rats, induces chondrocyte apoptosis through PPARγ in vitro. FASEB J 2020; 34:4904-4917. [PMID: 32058630 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901915r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocyte apoptosis plays an important role in the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) development. It has been found that WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 (WISP-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are involved in cell apoptosis. In this study, we performed the straight-leg swaddling DDH rat model and we found that cartilage degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis were remarkably increased in DDH rats in vivo. Moreover, we found that WISP-2 was upregulated in hip acetabular cartilage of DDH rats compared to control rats. Next, the effects of WISP-2 on chondrocyte apoptosis and its possible underlying mechanism were examined in vitro. The lentivirus-mediated gain- and loss-of-function experiments of WISP-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) for cell viability and apoptosis were performed in primary rat chondrocytes. The results showed that the overexpression of WISP-2 induced chondrocyte apoptosis, and knockdown of WISP-2 could suppress the chondrocyte apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products (AGE). Additionally, WISP-2 could negatively regulate the expression of PPARγ in chondrocytes. Moreover, the knockdown of PPARγ promoted chondrocyte apoptosis and overexpression of PPARγ abated the increased apoptosis and decreased cell viability of chondrocytes induced by WISP-2. This study demonstrated that WISP-2 might contribute to chondrocyte apoptosis of hip acetabular cartilage through regulating PPARγ expression and activation, which may play an important role in the development of DDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglu Ji
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianyong Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Enbo Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun S, Cui Z, Yan T, Wu J, Liu Z. CCN5 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:998-1008. [PMID: 31889370 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis and high mortality. The role of CCN5 has attracted a great focus on the regulation of cancer progression. However, the biological function and mechanism of CCN5 in OSCC are still not well elucidated. The current study was designed to determine the effects of CCN5 on OSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis using two OSCC cell lines. Further, LY294002, a PI3K/AKT antagonist, was employed to explore the mechanism underlying the effects of CCN5 in the regulation of OSCC. The results showed that overexpression of CCN5 in TSCCa cells significantly reduced viable cell number, arrested cell cycle, and suppressed cell-cycle regulators (cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2). CCN5 overexpression increased the apoptotic ratio and Hoechst-positive cell number, and altered the apoptotic-related proteins (caspase-3/9, Bax, and Bcl-2). However, CCN5 silencing induced opposite effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in Tca-8113 cells. In addition, we observed that CCN5 knockdown increased the expression levels of PI3K (p85α and p110α) and phosphorylated AKT at serine 473 (p-AKT Ser473) in Tca-8113 cells. Inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling with LY294002 rescued the apoptotic process in CCN5-silenced OSCC cells. Finally, xenograft analysis showed that CCN5 represses tumorigenesis of OSCC cells. These findings together suggest that CCN5 functions as a tumor suppressor for OSCC cell development through inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, providing a potential candidate for OSCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Yan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maity G, Chakraborty J, Ghosh A, Haque I, Banerjee S, Banerjee SK. Aspirin suppresses tumor cell-induced angiogenesis and their incongruity. J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:491-502. [PMID: 30610526 PMCID: PMC6946772 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-00499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor neovascularization/tumor angiogenesis is a pathophysiological process in which new blood vessels are formed from existing blood vessels in the primary tumors to supply adequate oxygen and nutrition to cancer cells for their proliferation and metastatic growth to the distant organs. Therefore, controlling tumor angiogenesis is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Structural abnormalities of the vasculature (i.e., leakiness due to the abnormal lining of pericytes on the microvessels) are one of the critical features of tumor angiogenesis that sensitizes vascular cells to cytokines and helps circulating tumor cells to metastasize to distant organs. Our goal is to repurpose the drugs that may prevent tumor angiogenesis or normalize the vessels by repairing leakiness via recruiting pericytes or both. In this study, we tested whether aspirin (ASA), which could block primary tumor growth, regulates tumor angiogenesis. We investigated the effects of low (1 mM) and high (2.5 mM) doses of ASA (direct effect), and ASA-treated or untreated triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells' conditioned media (indirect effect) on endothelial cell physiology. These include in vitro migration using modified Boyden chamber assay, in vitro capillary-like structure formation on Matrigel, interactions of pericytes-endothelial cells and cell permeability using in vitro endothelial permeability assay. We also examined the effect of ASA on various molecular factors associated with tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we found the outcome of ASA treatment on in vivo tumor angiogenesis. We found that ASA-treatment (direct or indirect) significantly blocks in vitro migration and capillary-like structure formation by endothelial cells. Besides, we found that ASA recruits pericytes from multipotent stem cells and helps in binding with endothelial cells, which is a hallmark of normalization of blood vessels, and decreases in vitro permeability through endothelial cell layer. The antiangiogenic effect of ASA was also documented in vivo assays. Mechanistically, ASA treatment blocks several angiogenic factors that are associated with tumor angiogenesis, and suggesting ASA blocks paracrine-autocrine signaling network between tumor cells and endothelial cells. Collectively, these studies implicate aspirin with proper dose may provide potential therapeutic for breast cancer via blocking as well as normalizing tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Maity
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jinia Chakraborty
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Blue Valley High School, 16200 Antioch Rd, Overland Park, KS, 66085, USA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division (151), VA Medical Center, 4801 E Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaddour N, Zhang D, Gao ZH, Liu JL. Recombinant protein CCN5/WISP2 promotes islet cell proliferation and survival in vitro. Growth Factors 2019; 37:120-130. [PMID: 31437074 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1652400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ß cell proliferation, survival and function are key elements that need to be considered in developing novel antidiabetic therapies. We recently identified CCN5/WISP2 to have potential growth promoting properties when overexpressed in ß cells; however, further investigations are needed to validate those properties. In this study, we demonstrated that exogenous treatment of insulinoma cells and primary islets with recombinant CCN5 (rh-CCN5) protein enhanced the proliferative capacity which was correlated with activation of cell-cycle regulators CDK4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, pre-incubation of these cells with rh-CCN5 enhanced their survival rate after being exposed to harsh treatments such as streptozotocin and high concentrations of glucose and free fatty acids. CCN5 as well caused an upregulation in the expression of key genes associated with ß cell identity and function such as GLUT-2 and GCK. Finally, CCN5 activated FAK and downstream ERK kinases which are known to stimulate cell proliferation and survival. Hence, our results validate the growth promoting activities of rh-CCN5 in ß cells and open the door for further investigations in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Kaddour
- Frasers Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Di Zhang
- Frasers Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zu-Hua Gao
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Frasers Laboratories for Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Olea-Flores M, Juárez-Cruz JC, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Signaling Pathways Induced by Leptin during Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3493. [PMID: 30404206 PMCID: PMC6275018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine that is overexpressed in obese and overweight people. Interestingly, women with breast cancer present high levels of leptin and of its receptor ObR. Leptin plays an important role in breast cancer progression due to the biological processes it participates in, such as epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT consists of a series of orchestrated events in which cell⁻cell and cell⁻extracellular matrix interactions are altered and lead to the release of epithelial cells from the surrounding tissue. The cytoskeleton is also re-arranged, allowing the three-dimensional movement of epithelial cells into the extracellular matrix. This transition provides cells with the ability to migrate and invade adjacent or distal tissues, which is a classic feature of invasive or metastatic carcinoma cells. In recent years, the number of cases of breast cancer has increased, making this disease a public health problem worldwide and the leading cause of death due to cancer in women. In this review, we focus on recent advances that establish: (1) leptin as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, and (2) leptin as an inducer of EMT, an event that promotes tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Juan Carlos Juárez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
RNA-seq Reveals the Overexpression of IGSF9 in Endometrial Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2018; 2018:2439527. [PMID: 29666643 PMCID: PMC5832105 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2439527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We performed RNA-seq on an Illumina platform for 7 patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma for which both tumor tissue and adjacent noncancer tissue were available. A total of 66 genes were differentially expressed with significance level at adjusted p value < 0.01. Using the gene functional classification tool in the NIH DAVID bioinformatics resource, 5 genes were found to be the only enriched group out of that list of genes. The gene IGSF9 was chosen for further characterization with immunohistochemical staining of a larger cohort of human endometrioid carcinoma tissues. The expression level of IGSF9 in cancer cells was significantly higher than that in control glandular cells in paired tissue samples from the same patients (p = 0.008) or in overall comparison between cancer and the control (p = 0.003). IGSF9 expression is higher in patients with myometrium invasion relative to those without invasion (p = 0.015). Reanalysis of RNA-seq dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas shows higher expression of IGSF9 in endometrial cancer versus normal control and expression was associated with poor prognosis. These results suggest IGSF9 as a new biomarker in endometrial cancer and warrant further studies on its function, mechanism of action, and potential clinical utility.
Collapse
|
19
|
Haque I, Ghosh A, Acup S, Banerjee S, Dhar K, Ray A, Sarkar S, Kambhampati S, Banerjee SK. Leptin-induced ER-α-positive breast cancer cell viability and migration is mediated by suppressing CCN5-signaling via activating JAK/AKT/STAT-pathway. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:99. [PMID: 29370782 PMCID: PMC5785848 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-3993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In menopausal women, one of the critical risk factors for breast cancer is obesity/adiposity. It is evident from various studies that leptin, a 16 kDa protein hormone overproduced in obese people, plays the critical role in neovascularization and tumorigenesis in breast and other organs. However, the mechanisms by which obesity influences the breast carcinogenesis remained unclear. In this study, by analyzing different estrogen receptor-α (ER-α)-positive and ER-α-negative BC cell lines, we defined the role of CCN5 in the leptin-mediated regulation of growth and invasive capacity. Methods We analyzed the effect of leptin on cell viability of ER-α-positive MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cell lines and ER-α-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line. Additionally, we also determined the effect of leptin on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) bio-markers, in vitro invasion and sphere-formation of MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cell lines. To understand the mechanism, we determined the impact of leptin on CCN5 expression and the functional role of CCN5 in these cells by the treatment of human recombinant CCN5 protein(hrCCN5). Moreover, we also determined the role of JAK-STAT and AKT in the regulation of leptin-induced suppression of CCN5 in BC cells. Results Present studies demonstrate that leptin can induce cell viability, EMT, sphere-forming ability and migration of MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cell lines. Furthermore, these studies found that leptin suppresses the expression of CCN5 at the transcriptional level. Although the CCN5 suppression has no impact on the constitutive proliferation of MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cells, it is critical for leptin-induced viability and necessary for EMT, induction of in vitro migration and sphere formation, as the hrCCN5 treatment significantly inhibits the leptin-induced viability, EMT, migration and sphere-forming ability of these cells. Mechanistically, CCN5-suppression by leptin is mediated via activating JAK/AKT/STAT-signaling pathways. Conclusions These studies suggest that CCN5 serves as a gatekeeper for leptin-dependent growth and progression of luminal-type (ER-positive) BC cells. Leptin may thus need to destroy the CCN5-barrier to promote BC growth and progression via activating JAK/AKT/STAT signaling. Therefore, these observations suggest a therapeutic potency of CCN5 by restoration or treatment in obese-related luminal-type BC growth and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Seth Acup
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
| | - Kakali Dhar
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Present Address: Syngene International Ltd, Clinical Development, Tower 1, Semicon Park, Phase II, Electronics City, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560100, India.,Present Address: Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies, USA
| | - Amitabha Ray
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Present Address: Syngene International Ltd, Clinical Development, Tower 1, Semicon Park, Phase II, Electronics City, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560100, India.,Present Address: Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies, USA
| | - Sandipto Sarkar
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fiaturi N, Russo JW, Nielsen HC, Castellot JJ. CCN5 in alveolar epithelial proliferation and differentiation during neonatal lung oxygen injury. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:217-229. [PMID: 29349730 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung immaturity is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants, especially those born <28 weeks of gestation. These infants are at high risk of developing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), a lung disease caused by insufficient surfactant production and immaturity of saccular/alveolar type II epithelial cells in the lung. RDS treatment includes oxygen and respiratory support that improve survival but also increase the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by arrested alveolarization, airway hyperreactivity, and pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms regulating normal alveolar development and how injury disrupts normal development to cause BPD are not well understood. We examined the role of the matricellular protein CCN5 (Cysteine-rich protein 61/Connective tissue growth factor/Nephroblastoma-overexpressed protein) in the development of BPD. Cultured non-proliferating alveolar type II cells expressed low levels of CCN5 protein, and displayed higher levels during proliferation. siRNA targeting of CCN5 reduced alveolar type II cell proliferation and migration in cell culture. In a mouse model of hyperoxia-induced BPD, CCN5 protein was increased only in proliferating alveolar type I cells. Alveolar epithelial cells co-expressing markers of type II cells and type I cells also appeared. The results suggest that hyperoxic injury in immature lungs induces proliferation of type I cells and trans-differentiation of type II cells into type I cells. We propose that the mechanism of the injury response in BPD includes CCN5 expression. Study of CCN5 in neonatal alveolar injury will further our understanding of BPD pathophysiology while providing a mechanistic foundation for therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najla Fiaturi
- Department of Medical Education, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua W Russo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heber C Nielsen
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J Castellot
- Department of Medical Education, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. .,Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gupta V, Haque I, Chakraborty J, Graff S, Banerjee S, Banerjee SK. Racial disparity in breast cancer: can it be mattered for prognosis and therapy. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:119-132. [PMID: 29188479 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as a deadly disease that affects the lives of millions of women worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Advancements in BC screening, preventive measures and treatment have resulted in significant decline in BC related deaths. However, unacceptable levels of racial disparity have been consistently reported, especially in African-American (AA) women compared to European American (EA). AA women go through worse prognosis, shorter survival time and higher mortality rates, despite higher cancer incidence reported in EA. These disparities are independent of socioeconomic status, access to healthcare or age, or even the stage of BC. Recent race-specific genetic and epigenetic studies have reported biological causes, which form the crux of this review. However, the developments are just the tip of the iceberg. Prioritizing primary research towards studying race-specific tumor microenvironment and biological composition of the host system in delineating the cause of these disparities is utmost necessary to ameliorate the disparity and design appropriate diagnosis/treatment regimen for AA women suffering from BC. In this review article, we discuss emerging trends and exciting discoveries that reveal how genetic/epigenetic circuitry contributed to racial disparity and discussed the strategies that may help in future therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalaxmi Gupta
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Inamul Haque
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jinia Chakraborty
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.,Blue Valley West High School, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | - Stephanie Graff
- Sarah Cannon Cancer Center at HCA Midwest Health, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division 151, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Integrative Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|