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Dou Y, Wu C, Fan Y, Wang Y, Sun Z, Huang S, Yang Y, Tian X. Anti-fogging/dry-dust transparent superhydrophobic surfaces based on liquid-like molecule brush modified nanofiber cluster structures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 664:727-735. [PMID: 38492374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Transparent protective coatings capable of preventing fog and dust accumulation have broad application prospect in photovoltaic systems, optical devices and consumer electronics. Although a number of superhydrophobic coatings have been developed for self-cleaning purpose over the past three decades, there is still a lack of surfaces that can simultaneously possess high transparency, remarkable superhydrophobicity, and excellent fog and dust resistance. In this study, we have prepared surfaces featuring sub-wavelength nanofiber cluster structures through a facile plasma etching method, and further modified the surface with liquid-like perfluoropolyether (PFPE) brushes. The prepared PFPE modified nanofibrous surface (PFPE-NS) exhibits superior optical transparency (transmittance 90.4 % ± 0.7 %) and water repellency, with a water contact angle as high as 171.0° ± 0.6° and sliding angle down to 0.5° ± 0.1° (5 µL). More importantly, benefitted from the nanofiber cluster structures and the slippery liquid-like surface chemistry, the adhesion and accumulation of fog droplets and dust particles on PFPE-NS is greatly inhibited. As a consequence, PFPE-NS can keep excellent optical clearness after 2 h fogging test and maintain an average transmittance above 87 % after 24 h dusting test. Our study provides a promising strategy through constructing liquid-like nanofibrous coating for optical protection that could be applicable in practical rainy, foggy, and dusty environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS, Urumqi 830011, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shilin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yabin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xuelin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Chadly A, Aldayyani HY, Hamasha MM, Amer S, Maalouf M, Mayyas A. Selection of optimal strategy for managing decentralized solar PV systems considering uncertain weather conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12269. [PMID: 38806584 PMCID: PMC11133323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Solar power is a promising source of energy that is environmentally friendly, sustainable, and renewable. Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are the most common and mature technology used to harness solar energy. Unfortunately, these panels are prone to dust accumulation, which can have a significant impact on their efficiency. To maintain their effectiveness, solar photovoltaics s must be cleaned regularly. Eight main techniques are used to clean solar panels: natural, manual, mechanical, robotic, drone, coating, electrical, and acoustic. This study aims to identify the best cleaning method using multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarities to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS), and Preference Selection Index (PSI), this research evaluates all eight cleaning methods based on several criteria that are categorized under cost, performance, resource requirement, and safety in Abu Dhabi. The data are collected from surveys completed by experts in solar and sustainable energy. The AHP, QFD, and PSI results identified natural, manual, and surface coating as the best and most effective cleaning methods. Natural cleaning involves using rainwater primarily to remove dirt and dust; manual cleaning requires cleaning agents and wiping clothes; and surface coatings involve applying a layer of hydrophobic material to the panels to repel dust. Identifying the most effective cleaning method for dust removal from solar panels can ensure optimal efficiency recovery at minimal costs and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Chadly
- Department of Engineering Systems & Management, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Mohammad M Hamasha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Sa'ed Amer
- Department of Engineering Systems & Management, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Maher Maalouf
- Department of Engineering Systems & Management, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ahmad Mayyas
- Department of Engineering Systems & Management, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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3
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Skiba E, Pietrzak M, Michlewska S, Gruszka J, Malejko J, Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz B, Wolf WM. Photosynthesis governed by nanoparticulate titanium dioxide. The Pisum sativum L. case study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122735. [PMID: 37848082 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Wide availability of anthropogenic TiO2 nanoparticles facilitates their penetration into environment and prompts interactions with plants. They alter plants growth and change their nutritional status. In particular, metabolic processes are affected. In this work the effect of nanometric TiO2 on photosynthesis efficiency in green pea (Pisum sativum L.) was studied. Hydroponic cultivations with three Ti levels (10; 50 and 100 mg L-1) were applied. At all concentrations nanoparticles penetrated into plant tissues and were detected by the single particle ICP-MS/MS method. Nanoparticles altered the CO2 assimilation rate and gas exchange parameters (i.e. transpiration, stomatal conductance, sub-stomatal CO2 concentration). The most pronounced effects were observed for Ti 50 mg L-1 cultivation where photosynthesis efficiency, transpiration and stomatal conductance were increased by 14.69%, 4.58% and 8.92%, respectively. They were further confirmed by high maximum ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation rate (27.40% increase), maximum electron transport rate (21.51% increase) and the lowest CO2 compensation point (45.19% decrease). Furthermore, concentrations of Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg, Ca, K and P were examined with the most pronounced changes observed for elements directly involved in photosynthesis (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe). The Cu concentrations in roots, stems and leaves for Ti 50 mg L-1 cultivation were below the control by 33.15%, 38.28% and 10.76%, respectively. The Zn content in analogous treatment and organs decreased by 30.24%, 26.69% and 13.35%. The Mn and Fe levels in leaves were increased by 72.22% and 50.32%, respectively. Our results indicated that plant defence mechanisms which restrain the water uptake have been overcome in pea by photocatalytic activity of nanoparticulate TiO2 which stimulated photosynthesis. On the contrary to the substantial stomatal conductance, the transpiration has been reduced because exceptional part of water flow was already consumed in chloroplasts and could not have been freed to the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Skiba
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Poland.
| | - Monika Pietrzak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Gruszka
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Julita Malejko
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech M Wolf
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Poland
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Songpanit M, Boonyarattanakalin K, Limwichean S, Lertvanithphol T, Horprathum M, Pecharapa W, Mekprasart W. Structural and Optical Characterizations of Polymethyl Methacrylate Films with the Incorporation of Ultrafine SiO 2/TiO 2 Composites Utilized as Self-Cleaning Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3162. [PMID: 37571056 PMCID: PMC10421215 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural and optical characterizations of nanocomposite films of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and SiO2/TiO2 composites prepared via the spin-coating technique were investigated using different SiO2:TiO2 ratios. The SiO2/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using the sonochemical process with Si:Ti precursor ratios of 1:0.1, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, and 0:1. All characterizations of ultrafine SiO2/TiO2 particles were loaded at 1 wt.% in a PMMA matrix for the fabrication of transparent SiO2/TiO2/PMMA composite films. The phase structure and morphology of SiO2/TiO2/PMMA composite films were monitored using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. A surface roughness analysis of SiO2/TiO2/PMMA nanocomposite films was conducted using atomic force microscopy. For optical characterization, transmission properties with different incident angles of SiO2/TiO2/PMMA composite films were analyzed with UV-vis spectrophotometry. The water contact angles of SiO2/TiO2/PMMA composite films were analyzed to identify hydrophilic properties on film surfaces. Photocatalytic reactions in SiO2TiO2 composite films under UV irradiation were evaluated using rhodamine B dye degradation. The optimal condition of SiO2/TiO2/PMMA nanocomposite films was obtained at a 1:1 SiO2:TiO2 ratio in self-cleaning applications, resulting from good particle dispersion and the presence of the TiO2 phase in the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneerat Songpanit
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (M.S.); (K.B.); (W.P.)
| | - Kanokthip Boonyarattanakalin
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (M.S.); (K.B.); (W.P.)
| | - Saksorn Limwichean
- National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (S.L.); (T.L.); (M.H.)
| | - Tossaporn Lertvanithphol
- National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (S.L.); (T.L.); (M.H.)
| | - Mati Horprathum
- National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (S.L.); (T.L.); (M.H.)
| | - Wisanu Pecharapa
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (M.S.); (K.B.); (W.P.)
| | - Wanichaya Mekprasart
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (M.S.); (K.B.); (W.P.)
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5
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Zemajtis F, Hasan ABMR, Yetik O, Trtik P, Pillai KM, Sobolev K. From superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity: high-resolution neutron imaging and modeling of water imbibition through porous surfaces treated with engineered nano-coatings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11176. [PMID: 37429919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on a superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic transformation of TiO2 nanoparticles doped zinc phosphate coating systems when a hydrophobic agent is applied. The objective of the reported research was to demonstrate the feasibility of a neutron imaging technique for evaluating the performance of the proposed nano-coating system and reveal the differences in water ingress mechanisms which are specific to plain, superhydrophilic, overhydrophobic, and superhydrophobic specimens. The engineered nano-coatings were designed to improve hydrophobic response with inducing the required roughness pattern and introducing the photocatalytic performance. The effectiveness of the coatings was assessed using high-resolution neutron imaging (HR-NI), SEM, CLSM, and XRD techniques. High-resolution neutron imaging revealed that the superhydrophobic coating effectively prevents water ingress into the porous ceramic substrate, whereas water imbibition was observed for superhydrophilic coating during the test duration. The moisture transport kinetics was modeled based on the Richards equation for plain ceramic and superhydrophilic specimens using obtained penetration depth values from HR-NI. SEM, CLSM, and XRD studies confirm the desired TiO2-doped zinc phosphate coatings with increased surface roughness, photocatalytic reactivity, and chemical bonding. The research results demonstrated that a two-layer superhydrophobic system is capable of creating effective water barriers on the surface with contact angles of 153°, which remained effective even after surface damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Zemajtis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | | | - Okan Yetik
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering & Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Nuclear Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Trtik
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering & Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Krishna M Pillai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Konstantin Sobolev
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
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6
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Kumar A, Nayak D, Sahoo P, Nandi BK, Saxena VK, Thangavel R. Fabrication of porous and visible light active ZnO nanorods and ZnO@TiO 2 core-shell photocatalysts for self-cleaning applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37305981 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01996a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Highly transparent and self-cleaning ZnO nanorods (NRs) and ZnO@TiO2 core-shell (CS) nanoarrays were fabricated using the sol-gel dip-coating technique. TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were coated as a shell layer over the hydrothermally grown ZnO NRs. The number of shell layers on the ZnO NRs was varied by modulating the number of dipping cycles from 1 to 3 to optimize their transmittance. The optimized CS nanoarrays with two dipping cycles display a 2% enhancement of optical transmission compared to the ZnO NRs. In addition, superhydrophilicity (contact angle ∼of 12°) stimulates the self-cleaning nature of the thin films. A water contact angle of 12° was noted for the ZnO@TiO2: 2 cycle sample, indicating their superhydrophilic nature. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the pristine ZnO NRs and ZnO@TiO2 CS nanoarrays was tested under UV and direct sunlight through the dye degradation of methylene blue (MB). Based upon the TiO2 morphology and accessibility of the ZnO@TiO2 heterojunction interface, CS nanoarrays with two shell layers exhibit the highest degree of dye photodegradation efficiency of 68.72% and 91% under sunlight and UV light irradiation, respectively. The CS nanoarrays demonstrate medium sunlight and excellent UV-light-driven photocatalytic activity. Our findings suggest that the ZnO@TiO2 CS nanoarrays are potential photocatalysts for dye degradation and self-cleaning applications in solar cell coverings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Fuel, Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Dipali Nayak
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Pooja Sahoo
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Barun Kumar Nandi
- Department of Fuel, Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - V K Saxena
- Department of Fuel, Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - R Thangavel
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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Chen M, Chang W, Zhang J, Zhao W, Chen Z. Preparation of a Hybrid TiO 2 and 1T/2H-MoS 2 Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15458-15466. [PMID: 37151546 PMCID: PMC10157676 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution caused by antibiotics is a growing problem. Semiconductor photocatalysis is an environmentally friendly technology that can effectively degrade organic pollutants in water. Therefore, the development of efficient photocatalysts is of great significance to solve the environmental pollution problem. In this paper, mixed-phase TiO2 and 1T/2H-MoS2 composite (1T/2H-MoS2/TiO2) were synthesized by the in situ growth method. The prepared compounds were characterized and applied to the visible-light degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. The photocatalytic effect of 1T/2H-MoS2/TiO2 on tetracycline hydrochloride is significantly enhanced under visible light and has good stability. It has potential applications in the treatment of organic pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaogen Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and
Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wenya Chang
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and
Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and
Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wan Zhao
- College
of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang
University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College
of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang
University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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8
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Al-Byati MKAA, Al-Duhaidahawi AMJ. Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells as a Clean Energy. BIOMEDICINE AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2023; 2:48-52. [DOI: 10.48112/bcs.v2i1.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) were prepared using electrochemical method. The Features of the electrochemical process are ease and speed, free side product, and economical. The prepared aluminum oxide was characterized using many techniques like x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultra violate – visible (UV-Vis), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The shape of the prepared aluminum oxide was in the form of nanowire and has an energy gap of 3.9. Since fossil fuels are rapidly running out and their consumption increases the average global temperature, which has an impact on human life, the energy crisis is the main global concern. Consequently, in order to generate energy, dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) must be produced. The results indicate that the efficiency (η %) of the solar cell using methyl orange as a dye and fill factor were 1.17 and 56.8, respectively.
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Quantitative Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Panel Performance with Size-Varied Dust Pollutants Deposition Using Different Machine Learning Approaches. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227853. [PMID: 36431951 PMCID: PMC9693094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the impact of dust deposition on solar photovoltaic (PV) panels was examined, using experimental and machine learning (ML) approaches for different sizes of dust pollutants. The experimental investigation was performed using five different sizes of dust pollutants with a deposition density of 33.48 g/m2 on the panel surface. It has been noted that the zero-resistance current of the PV panel is reduced by up to 49.01% due to the presence of small-size particles and 15.68% for large-size (ranging from 600 µ to 850 µ). In addition, a significant reduction of nearly 40% in sunlight penetration into the PV panel surface was observed due to the deposition of a smaller size of dust pollutants compared to the larger size. Subsequently, different ML regression models, namely support vector machine (SVMR), multiple linear (MLR) and Gaussian (GR), were considered and compared to predict the output power of solar PV panels under the varied size of dust deposition. The outcomes of the ML approach showed that the SVMR algorithms provide optimal performance with MAE, MSE and R2 values of 0.1589, 0.0328 and 0.9919, respectively; while GR had the worst performance. The predicted output power values are in good agreement with the experimental values, showing that the proposed ML approaches are suitable for predicting the output power in any harsh and dusty environment.
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Shenouda R, Abd-Elhady M, Kandil H. Influence of seasonal effect on dust accumulation on Photovoltaic panels that operate light posts. ENERGY REPORTS 2022; 8:1275-1284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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11
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Abstract
PV (photovoltaic) capacity is steadily increasing every year, and the rate of increase is also increasing. A desert area with a large equipment installation area and abundant solar radiation is a good candidate. PV power plants installed in the desert have advantages in themselves, but when combined with desert aquacultures, additional benefits can be obtained while compensating for the shortcomings of the aquaculture industry. The importance of the aquaculture industry is increasing, with aquaculture products approaching half of the total supply of marine products due to sea environmental pollution and reduced resources. Moreover, in deserts, where marine products are difficult to obtain, aquaculture is a good way to save marine products. However, one of the many problems that complicate the introduction of aquaculture in the desert is that it is difficult to supply and demand electricity because the site is not near a viable electric grid. However, combination with PV can solve this problem. This paper investigates the solar power and aquaculture industry in the desert and explains the limitations and challenges of the solar power and aquaculture industry in the desert. Based on this, we hope to increase interest in the solar power and aquaculture industry in the desert and help with future research.
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12
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Sahare P, Alvarez PG, Yanez JMS, Bárcenas JGL, Chakraborty S, Paul S, Estevez M. Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:201-218. [PMID: 35223351 PMCID: PMC8848344 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant advancement in the field of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of applying potent engineered biocompatible nanomaterials within biological systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO2) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of TiO2-based nanotherapeutics and the corresponding future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmavati Sahare
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paulina Govea Alvarez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Miriam Estevez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
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13
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Seiß V, Helbig U, Lösel R, Eichelbaum M. Investigating and correlating photoelectrochemical, photocatalytic, and antimicrobial properties of [Formula: see text] nanolayers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22200. [PMID: 34772987 PMCID: PMC8589999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiconducting transition metal oxides such as [Formula: see text] are promising photo(electro)catalysts for solar water splitting and photoreduction of [Formula: see text] as well as for antibacterial, self-, water and air-cleaning coatings and admixtures in paints, building materials, on window glass or medical devices. In photoelectrocatalytic applications [Formula: see text] is usually used as photoanode only catalyzing the oxidation reaction. In coatings and admixtures [Formula: see text] works as heterogeneous catalyst and has to catalyze a complete redox cycle. While photoelectrochemical charge transport parameters are usually quite well accessible by electrochemical measurements, the quantitative description of photocatalytic properties is more challenging. Here, we present a systematic structural, photoelectrocatalytic, photocatalytic and antimicrobial study to understand if and how photoelectrochemical parameters can be used to predict the photocatalytic activity of [Formula: see text]. For this purpose [Formula: see text] thin films on flourine-doped tin oxide substrates were prepared and annealed at temperatures between 200 and 600 [Formula: see text]. The film morphologies and thicknesses were studied by GIXRD, FESEM, and EDX. Photoelectrochemical properties were measured by linear sweep voltammetry, photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy, chopped light chronoamperometry, and intensity modulated photocurrent/ photovoltage spectroscopy. For comparison, photocatalytic rate constants were determined by methylene blue degradation and Escherichea coli inactivation and correlated with the deduced photoelectrocatalytic parameters. We found that the respective photoactivities of amorphous and crystalline [Formula: see text] nanolayers can be best correlated, if the extracted photoelectrochemical parameters such as charge transfer and recombination rates, charge transfer efficiencies and resistances are measured close to the open circuit potential (OCP). Hence, the interfacial charge transport parameters at the OCP can be indeed used as descriptors for predicting and understanding the photocatalytic activity of [Formula: see text] coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Seiß
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Uta Helbig
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Lösel
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Maik Eichelbaum
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry, Georg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
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14
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Coating of ZnO Nanoparticle on Cotton Fabric to Create a Functional Textile with Enhanced Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162701. [PMID: 34451240 PMCID: PMC8400654 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research is to develop a functional textile with better mechanical properties. Therefore, nano ZnO is synthesized, characterized, and applied to cotton fabric by mechanical thermo-fixation techniques. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by SEM and XRD analysis. The ZnO nanoparticle alone, ZnO nanoparticle with a binder, and ZnO with a binder and wax emulsion are then applied on cotton woven fabrics using three different recipes. The surface morphology of the treated fabric is studied using SEM and EDS. Antimicrobial activity, UV protection property, and crease resistance are all tested for their functional characteristics. In addition, all vital mechanical characteristics are assessed. The results suggest that using only nano ZnO or nano ZnO with a binder enhances functional features while deteriorating mechanical capabilities. Nano ZnO treatment with the third recipe, which includes the addition of an emulsion, on the other hand, significantly enhances mechanical and functional characteristics. Consequently, this study provides information to optimize the confidence of textile researchers and producers in using nano ZnO and understanding its features in key functional fabrics.
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15
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Gautam B, Yu HH. Self-Cleaning Cotton Obtained after Grafting Thermoresponsive Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2920. [PMID: 33291497 PMCID: PMC7762131 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the performance of smart textiles would be enhanced if they could display self-cleaning ability toward various kinds of contamination, the procedures that have been used previously to impart the self-cleaning potential to these functional fabrics (solvent casting, dip coating, spin coating, surface crosslinking) have typically been expensive and/or limited by uncontrollable polymer thicknesses and morphologies. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of atomic transfer radical polymerization for the surface-initiated grafting of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), a thermoresponsive polymer, onto cotton. We confirmed the thermoresponsiveness and reusability of the resulting fabric through water contact angle measurements and various surface characterization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). Finally, we validated the self-cleaning performance of the fabric by washing away an immobilized fluorescent protein in deionized water under thermal stimulus. Fluorescence micrographs revealed that, after the fifth wash cycle, the fabric surface had undergone efficient self-cleaning of the stain, making it an effective self-cleaning material. This approach appears to have potential for application in the fields of smart textiles, responsive substrates, and functional fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskarchand Gautam
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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16
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Bahadur N, Das P, Bhargava N. Improving energy efficiency and economic feasibility of photocatalytic treatment of synthetic and real textile wastewater using bagasse fly ash modified TiO2. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Al-Thani H, Koç M, Fountoukis C, Isaifan RJ. Evaluation of particulate matter emissions from non-passenger diesel vehicles in Qatar. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2020; 70:228-242. [PMID: 31971491 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2019.1704939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Road traffic is one of the main sources of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere. Despite its importance, there are significant challenges in the quantitative evaluation of its contribution to airborne concentrations. In order to propose effective mitigation scenarios, the proportions of PM traffic emissions, whether they are exhaust or non-exhaust emissions, should be evaluated for any given geographical location. In this work, we report on the first study to evaluate particulate matter emissions from all registered heavy duty diesel vehicles in Qatar. The study was applied to an active traffic zone in urban Doha. Dust samples were collected and characterized for their shape and size distribution. It was found that the particle size ranged from few to 600 μm with the dominance of small size fraction (less than 100 μm). In-situ elemental composition analysis was conducted for side and main roads traffic dust, and compared with non-traffic PM. The results were used for the evaluation of the enrichment factor and preliminary source apportionment. The enrichment factor of anthropogenic elements amounted to 350. The traffic source based on sulfur elemental fingerprint was almost 5 times higher in main roads compared with the samples from non-traffic locations. Moreover, PM exhaust and non-exhaust emissions (tyre wear, brake wear and road dust resuspension) were evaluated. It was found that the majority of the dust was generated from tyre wear with 33% followed by road dust resuspension (31%), brake wear (19%) and then exhaust emissions with 17%. The low contribution of exhaust PM10 emissions was due to the fact that the majority of the registered vehicle models were recently made and equipped with efficient exhaust PM reduction technologies.Implication: This study reports on the first results related to the evaluation of PM emission from all registered diesel heavy duty vehicles in Qatar. In-situ XRF elemental analysis from main, side roads as well as non-traffic dust samples was conducted. Several characterization techniques were implemented and the results show that the majority of the dust was generated from tyre wear, followed by road dust resuspension and then brake wear; whereas exhaust emissions were tremendously reduced since the majority of the registered vehicle models were recently made and equipped with efficient exhaust PM reduction technologies. This implies that policy makers should place stringent measures on old vehicle license renewals and encourage the use of metro and public transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Al-Thani
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Qatar
| | - Muammer Koç
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Qatar
| | - Christos Fountoukis
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rima J Isaifan
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Qatar
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18
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Isaifan RJ, Baldauf RW. Estimating economic and environmental benefits of urban trees in desert regions. URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING 2020; N/A:10.3389/fevo.2020.00016. [PMID: 33746692 PMCID: PMC7970529 DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Trees in urban areas have a significant impact on air quality and other environmental issues. Trees can affect the concentration of air pollutants that we breathe in by directly removing pollutants or avoiding emissions and secondary pollutant formation in the atmosphere. In addition, trees have other benefits including increasing property value, intercepting storm water runoff and saving energy needed for cooling of buildings in hot seasons. In this work, we estimate economic and environmental benefits of three tree species typical for desert regions such as Acacia tortilis, Ziziphus spina-christi and Phoenix dactylifera. The benefits varied by species with Acacia tortilis having the highest overall benefits, mostly because of its large leaf surface area and canopy shape. Tree benefits from carbon reduction reached up to US $14 billion annually. Mature trees tended to be more beneficial than smaller trees for improving environmental conditions. The location of trees had minimal impact on the overall economic value. This assessment provides urban planners, foresters, and developers in desert regions with the information needed to make informed decisions on the economic and environmental benefits of urban tree planting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima J. Isaifan
- Division of Sustainable Development, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Richard W. Baldauf
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States
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19
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Assessment of Various Dry Photovoltaic Cleaning Techniques and Frequencies on the Power Output of CdTe-Type Modules in Dusty Environments. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the conditions and results of experimental investigations on various photovoltaic (PV) module cleaning methods and the effects on the performance of cadmium-telluride CdTe-type photovoltaic (PV) modules located in Doha, Qatar. The study aims to find the optimum cleaning technique and frequency based on cleaning performance and cost. PV modules are in a dusty and rocky area in the western part of Doha, Qatar within the north campus of Education City. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology is employed for five different PV modules. The results show that microfiber-based wiper along with microfiber & vacuum cleaner are the most effective cleaning methods with about 6% improvement for the weekly period compared to the control panel among the considered methods. However, due to the increased cost of adding a vacuum cleaner, the microfiber-based wiper is the most efficient method when both cost and improvement rates are considered. In addition, the most efficient cleaning frequency (among daily, weekly and monthly) is found to be the weekly cleaning under the tested climate conditions.
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20
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Treacy JP, Hussain H, Torrelles X, Cabailh G, Bikondoa O, Nicklin C, Thornton G, Lindsay R. Structure of a Superhydrophilic Surface: Wet Chemically Prepared Rutile-TiO 2(110)(1 × 1). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2019; 123:8463-8468. [PMID: 31057689 PMCID: PMC6497423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Surface X-ray diffraction has been employed to quantitatively determine the geometric structure of an X-ray-induced superhydrophilic rutile-TiO2(110)(1 × 1) surface. A scatterer, assumed to be oxygen, is found at a distance of 1.90 ± 0.02 Å above the five-fold-coordinated surface Ti atom, indicating surface hydroxylation. Two more oxygen atoms, situated further from the substrate, are also included to achieve the optimal agreement between experimental and simulated diffraction data. It is concluded that these latter scatterers are from water molecules, surface-localized through hydrogen bonding. Comparing this interfacial structure with previous studies suggests that the superhydophilicity of titania is most likely to be a result of the depletion of surface carbon contamination coupled to extensive surface hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. P.
W. Treacy
- Corrosion
and Protection Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - H. Hussain
- Corrosion
and Protection Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - X. Torrelles
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G. Cabailh
- Sorbonne
Université, UMR CNRS 7588, Institut
des NanoSciences de Paris, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - O. Bikondoa
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C. Nicklin
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Diamond
House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - G. Thornton
- London
Centre for Nanotechnology and Chemistry Department, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - R. Lindsay
- Corrosion
and Protection Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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21
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Photocatalytic Degradation of Profenofos and Triazophos Residues in the Chinese Cabbage, Brassica chinensis, Using Ce-Doped TiO2. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have revolutionized the modern day of agriculture and substantially reduced crop losses. Synthetic pesticides pose a potential risk to the ecosystem and to the non-target organisms due to their persistency and bioaccumulation in the environment. In recent years, a light-mediated advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has been adopted to resolve pesticide residue issues in the field. Among the current available semiconductors, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most promising photocatalysts. In this study, we investigated the photocatalytic degradation of profenofos and triazophos residues in Chinese cabbage, Brassica chinensis, using a Cerium-doped nano semiconductor TiO2 (TiO2/Ce) under the field conditions. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of these organophosphate pesticides in B. chinensis was significantly enhanced in the presence of TiO2/Ce. Specifically, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents were significantly increased in B. chinensis with TiO2/Ce treatment, accelerating the degradation of profenofos and triazophos. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS) analysis detected 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol and 1-phenyl-3-hydroxy-1,2,4-triazole, the major photodegradation byproducts of profenofos and triazophos, respectively. To better understand the relationship between photodegradation and the molecular structure of these organophosphate pesticides, we investigated the spatial configuration, the bond length and Mulliken atomic charge using quantum chemistry. Ab initio analysis suggests that the bonds connected by P atom of profenofos/triazophos are the initiation cleavage site for photocatalytic degradation in B. chinensis.
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22
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Al-Thani H, Koç M, Isaifan RJ. A review on the direct effect of particulate atmospheric pollution on materials and its mitigation for sustainable cities and societies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27839-27857. [PMID: 30128969 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has gained significant attention due to the increasing concerns related to their effects on human health. Although several reviews have shed light on the effect of PM on human health, their critical adverse effect on material's structure and sustainability was almost neglected. The current study is an attempt to fill this gap related to PM impact on structural materials under the overall consideration of sustainability. More specifically, this review highlights the existing knowledge by providing an overview on PM classification, composition, and sources in different locations around the world. Then, it focuses on PM soiling of surfaces such as solar panels due to an increasing need to mitigate the impact of soiling on reducing photovoltaic (PV) power output and financial competitiveness in dusty regions. This topic is of critical importance for sustainable deployment of solar energy in arid and desert areas around the world to help in reducing their impact on overall climate change and life quality. In addition, this review summarizes climate change phenomena driven by the increase of PM concentration in air such as radiative forcing and acid rain deposition due to their impact on human health, visibility and biodiversity. To this end, this work highlights the role of process management, choice of fuel, the implementation of clean technologies and urban vegetation as some possible sustainable mitigation policies to control PM pollution in cities and urban regions. This research is designed to conduct a comprehensive narrative literature review which targets broad spectrum of readers and new researchers in the field. Moreover, it provides a critical analysis highlighting the need to fill main research gaps in this domain. The findings of this review paper show that PM pollution imposes severe adverse impacts on materials, structures and climate which directly affect the sustainability of urban cities. The advantages of this review include the value of the extensive works that elaborate on the negative impacts of PM atmospheric pollution towards high level of public awareness, management flexibility, stakeholder's involvements, and collaboration between academy, research, and industry to mitigate PM impact on materials and human welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Al-Thani
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muammer Koç
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rima J Isaifan
- Division of Sustainable Development (DSD), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, Qatar.
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)/Qatar Foundation (QF), P.O. Box 5825, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
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23
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Ahmed SN, Haider W. Heterogeneous photocatalysis and its potential applications in water and wastewater treatment: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:342001. [PMID: 29786601 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac6ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been a considerable amount of research in the development of sustainable water treatment techniques capable of improving the quality of water. Unavailability of drinkable water is a crucial issue especially in regions where conventional drinking water treatment systems fail to eradicate aquatic pathogens, toxic metal ions and industrial waste. The research and development in this area have given rise to a new class of processes called advanced oxidation processes, particularly in the form of heterogeneous photocatalysis, which converts photon energy into chemical energy. Advances in nanotechnology have improved the ability to develop and specifically tailor the properties of photocatalytic materials used in this area. This paper discusses many of those photocatalytic nanomaterials, both metal-based and metal-free, which have been studied for water and waste water purification and treatment in recent years. It also discusses the design and performance of the recently studied photocatalytic reactors, along with the recent advancements in the visible-light photocatalysis. Additionally, the effects of the fundamental parameters such as temperature, pH, catalyst-loading and reaction time have also been reviewed. Moreover, different techniques that can increase the photocatalytic efficiency as well as recyclability have been systematically presented, followed by a discussion on the photocatalytic treatment of actual wastewater samples and the future challenges associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nabeel Ahmed
- School of Engineering & Technology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, United States of America
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24
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Modified sol-gel/hydrothermal method for the synthesis of microsized TiO 2 and iron-doped TiO 2 , its characterization and solar photocatalytic activity for an azo dye degradation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Cui GX, Wu ZJ, Wang MY, Ming Y, Xing Z, Qiu K, Yuan LR, Tan J, Zhang XJ, Lu YQ. Quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation of long-range surface plasmon polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:4194-4203. [PMID: 29475272 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.004194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the second harmonic generation of long-range surface plasmon polaritons via quasi-phase matching in lithium niobate. After depositing a 9/13 nm thick Au film on periodically poled lithium niobate, TiO2 of about 2.3 μm in thickness is evaporated on the sample as a refractive-index-matching material. This dielectric (periodically poled lithium niobate)-metal(Au)-dielectric(TiO2) sandwich structure can support the transmission of long-range surface plasmon polaritons through it. By designing a moderate ferroelectric domain period of periodically poled lithium niobate, the phase mismatch between the fundamental wave and second harmonic wave of the long-range surface plasmon polaritons can be compensated and a second harmonic wave can be generated effectively. This can be used to provide integrated plasmonic devices with attractive applications in quantum and classic information processing.
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