1
|
Hoekx CA, Martinez-Tellez B, Straat ME, Verkleij MMA, Kemmeren M, Kooijman S, Uhrbom M, de Jager SCA, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. Cold exposure increases circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 in the evening in males and females. Endocr Connect 2024; 13:e240074. [PMID: 38781402 PMCID: PMC11227058 DOI: 10.1530/ec-24-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Cold exposure is linked to cardiometabolic benefits. Cold activates brown adipose tissue (BAT), increases energy expenditure, and induces secretion of the hormones fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). The cold-induced increase in energy expenditure exhibits a diurnal rhythm in men. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of cold exposure on serum FGF21 and GDF15 levels in humans and whether cold-induced changes in FGF21 and GDF15 levels differ between morning and evening in males and females. Method In this randomized cross-over study, serum FGF21 and GDF15 levels were measured in healthy lean males (n = 12) and females (n = 12) before, during, and after 90 min of stable cold exposure in the morning (07:45 h) and evening (19:45 h) with a 1-day washout period in between. Results Cold exposure increased FGF21 levels in the evening compared to the morning both in males (+61% vs -13%; P < 0.001) and in females (+58% vs +8%; P < 0.001). In contrast, cold exposure did not significantly modify serum GDF15 levels, and no diurnal variation was found. Changes in FGF21 and GDF15 levels did not correlate with changes in cold-induced energy expenditure in the morning and evening. Conclusion Cold exposure increased serum FGF21 levels in the evening, but not in the morning, in both males and females. GDF15 levels were not affected by cold exposure. Thus, this study suggests that the timing of cold exposure may influence cold-induced changes in FGF21 levels but not GDF15 levels and seems to be independent of changes in energy expenditure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn A Hoekx
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- Biomedical Research Unit, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, Almería, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
| | - Maaike E Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena M A Verkleij
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Kemmeren
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Uhrbom
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Neo Building, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jurado-Fasoli L, Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Sanchez-Sanchez R, Labayen I, Ortega FB, Martinez-Tellez B, Ruiz JR. Adults with metabolically healthy overweight or obesity present more brown adipose tissue and higher thermogenesis than their metabolically unhealthy counterparts. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104948. [PMID: 38184936 PMCID: PMC10808934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a subset of individuals with overweight/obesity characterized by a lower risk of cardiometabolic complications, the so-called metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO) phenotype. Despite the relatively higher levels of subcutaneous adipose tissue and lower visceral adipose tissue observed in individuals with MHOO than individuals with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO), little is known about the differences in brown adipose tissue (BAT). METHODS This study included 53 young adults (28 women) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 which were classified as MHOO (n = 34) or MUOO (n = 19). BAT was assessed through a static 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan after a 2-h personalized cooling protocol. Energy expenditure, skin temperature, and thermal perception were assessed during a standardized mixed meal test (3.5 h) and a 1-h personalized cold exposure. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, energy intake was determined during an ad libitum meal test and dietary recalls, and physical activity levels were determined by a wrist-worn accelerometer. FINDINGS Participants with MHOO presented higher BAT volume (+124%, P = 0.008), SUVmean (+63%, P = 0.001), and SUVpeak (+133%, P = 0.003) than MUOO, despite having similar BAT mean radiodensity (P = 0.354). In addition, individuals with MHOO exhibited marginally higher meal-induced thermogenesis (P = 0.096) and cold-induced thermogenesis (+158%, P = 0.050). Moreover, MHOO participants showed higher supraclavicular skin temperature than MUOO during the first hour of the postprandial period and during the cold exposure, while no statistically significant differences were observed in other skin temperature parameters. We observed no statistically significant differences between MHOO and MUOO in thermal perception, body composition, outdoor ambient temperature exposure, resting metabolic rate, energy intake, or physical activity levels. INTERPRETATION Adults with MHOO present higher BAT volume and activity than MUOO. The higher meal- and cold-induced thermogenesis and cold-induced supraclavicular skin temperature are compatible with a higher BAT activity. Overall, these results suggest that BAT presence and activity might be linked to a healthier phenotype in young adults with overweight or obesity. FUNDING See acknowledgments section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, "Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation", Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; MediCity/PET Preclinical Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland
| | - Rocio Sanchez-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, "Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation", Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiménez-Martínez P, Alix-Fages C, Janicijevic D, Miras-Moreno S, Chacón-Ventura S, Martín-Olmedo JJ, De La Cruz-Márquez JC, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Amaro-Gahete FJ, García-Ramos A, Colado JC. Effects of phenylcapsaicin on aerobic capacity and physiological parameters in active young males: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1190345. [PMID: 37228817 PMCID: PMC10203624 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Phenylcapsaicin (PC) is a new capsaicin analog which has exhibited a higher bioavailability. This sudy assessed the effects of a low dose (LD) of 0.625 mg and a high dose (HD) of 2.5 mg of PC on aerobic capacity, substrate oxidation, energy metabolism and exercise physiological variables in young males. Materials and methods: Seventeen active males (age = 24.7 ± 6.0 years) enrolled to this randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Participants attended the laboratory on 4 sessions separated by 72-96 h. A submaximal exercise test [to determine maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity at MFO (FATmax)] followed by a maximal incremental test (to determine VO2max) were performed in a preliminary session. The subsequent sessions only differed in the supplement ingested [LD, HD or placebo (PLA)] and consisted of a steady-state test (60 min at FATmax) followed by a maximal incremental test. Energy metabolism, substrate oxidation, heart rate, general (gRPE) and quadriceps (RPEquad) rate of perceived exertion, skin temperature and thermal perception were tested. Results: Clavicle thermal perception was lower in HD compared to PLA and LD (p = 0.04) across time. HD reduced maximum heart rate in comparison to PLA and LD (p = 0.03). LD reported higher general RPE (RPEg) values during the steady-state test compared to PLA and HD across time (p = 0.02). HD and LD elicited higher peak of fat oxidation during the steady-state test compared with PLA (p = 0.05). Intra-test analyses revealed significant differences for fat oxidation (FATox) in favor of HD and LD compared to PLA (p = 0.002 and 0.002, respectively), and for carbohydrate oxidation (CHOox) (p = 0.05) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (p = 0.03) for PLA. In the incremental test, only general RPE at 60% of the maximal intensity (W) differed favoring HD (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, PC may contribute to increase aerobic capacity through the improvement of fat oxidation, maximum heart rate and perceptual responses during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alix-Fages
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danica Janicijevic
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sergio Miras-Moreno
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Chacón-Ventura
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan J. Martín-Olmedo
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Institute in Health Pere Virgili, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan C. Colado
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baena-Raya A, Díez-Fernández DM, García-Ramos A, Martinez-Tellez B, Boullosa D, Soriano-Maldonado A, Rodríguez-Pérez MA. Acute Mechanical and Skin Temperature Responses to Different Interrepetition Rest Intervals During Full-Squat Exercise. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:674-681. [PMID: 37116897 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to (1) evaluate the acute effects of different interrepetition rest full-squat protocols on countermovement jump (CMJ) height, velocity loss (VL), and skin temperature (Tsk) and (2) determine whether the VL, the changes in Tsk, or the individual strength level is associated with the change in CMJ height. METHODS Sixteen resistance-trained men randomly performed 3 squat protocols at maximal intended velocity with 60% of the 1-repetition maximum (sets × repetitions [interrepetition rest]): traditional (2 × 6 [0 s]), cluster 2 (2 × 6 [30 s every 2 repetitions]), and cluster 1 (1 × 12; [36 s every repetition]), plus a control session. CMJ height was assessed before and 2, 4, and 8 minutes after the protocols. RESULTS There was a significant main effect of protocol for the VL (F = 20.54, P < .001) and loss in mean power (F = 12.85, P < .001; traditional > cluster 2 > cluster 1). However, we found a comparable reduction of CMJ height after 8 minutes: traditional (-3.4% [4.2%]), cluster 2 (-5.3% [4.9%]), cluster 1 (-5.4% [2.9%]), and control (-4.2% [3.6%]). Overall, mean Tsk acutely decreased after all the protocols. Higher individual strength level (but not VL or the changes in Tsk) was associated with lower CMJ-height loss (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Although different interrepetition rest full-squat protocols may alter the loss in velocity and power, they result in a similar decrease in Tsk and CMJ height, which could be more influenced by individual strength level than VL or changes in Tsk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Baena-Raya
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
| | - David M Díez-Fernández
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Granada, Granada,Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción,Chile
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden,the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, León,Spain
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS,Brazil
- Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD,Australia
| | - Alberto Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
| | - Manuel A Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería,Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Osuna-Prieto FJ, Acosta FM, Perez de Arrilucea Le Floc’h UA, Riquelme-Gallego B, Merchan-Ramirez E, Xu H, De La Cruz-Márquez JC, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Llamas-Elvira JA, Triviño-Ibáñez EM, Segura-Carretero A, Ruiz JR. Dihydrocapsiate does not increase energy expenditure nor fat oxidation during aerobic exercise in men with overweight/obesity: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:417-436. [PMID: 35875695 PMCID: PMC9302013 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2099757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prior evidence suggests that capsinoids ingestion may increase resting energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation (FATox), yet whether they can modulate those parameters during exercise conditions remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that dihydrocapsiate (DHC) ingestion would increase EE and specifically FATox during an acute bout of aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity (the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation during exercise [MFO]) in men with overweight/obesity. Since FATmax and MFO during aerobic exercise appear to be indicators of metabolic flexibility, whether DHC has an impact on FATox in this type of population is of clinical interest. Methods A total of 24 sedentary men (age = 40.2 ± 9.2 years-old; body mass index = 31.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2 [n = 11 overweight, n = 13 obese]) participated in this randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT05156697). On the first day, participants underwent a submaximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine their MFO and FATmax intensity during exercise. After 72 hours had elapsed, the participants returned on 2 further days (≥ 72 hours apart) and performed a 60 min steady-state exercise bout (i.e. cycling at their FATmax, constant intensity) after ingesting either 12 mg of DHC or placebo; these conditions were randomized. Respiratory gas exchange was monitored by indirect calorimetry. Serum marker concentrations (i.e. glucose, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), skin temperature, thermal perception, heart rate, and perceived fatigue) were assessed. Results There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between DHC and placebo conditions in the EE and FATox during exercise. Similarly, no significant changes were observed in glucose, triglycerides, or NEFAs serum levels, neither in the skin temperature nor thermal perception across conditions. Heart rate and perceived fatigue did not differ between conditions. Conclusions DHC supplementation does not affect energy metabolism during exercise in men with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Acosta
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Unai A. Perez de Arrilucea Le Floc’h
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Riquelme-Gallego
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Huiwen Xu
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos De La Cruz-Márquez
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, EFFECTS-262 Research group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A. Llamas-Elvira
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Department of Nuclear Medicine. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva M. Triviño-Ibáñez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Department of Nuclear Medicine. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, PROFITH “PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Straat ME, Martinez-Tellez B, Sardjoe Mishre A, Verkleij MMA, Kemmeren M, Pelsma ICM, Alcantara JMA, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Kooijman S, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. Cold-Induced Thermogenesis Shows a Diurnal Variation That Unfolds Differently in Males and Females. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:1626-1635. [PMID: 35176767 PMCID: PMC9113803 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cold exposure mobilizes lipids to feed thermogenic processes in organs, including brown adipose tissue (BAT). In rodents, BAT metabolic activity exhibits a diurnal rhythm, which is highest at the start of the wakeful period. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether cold-induced thermogenesis displays diurnal variation in humans and differs between the sexes. METHODS This randomized crossover study included 24 young and lean male (n = 12) and female (n = 12) participants who underwent 2.5-hour personalized cooling using water-perfused mattresses in the morning (7:45 am) and evening (7:45 pm), with 1 day in between. We measured energy expenditure (EE) and supraclavicular skin temperature in response to cold exposure. RESULTS In males, cold-induced EE was higher in the morning than in the evening (+54% ± 10% vs +30% ± 7%; P = 0.05) but did not differ between morning and evening in females (+37% ± 9% vs +30% ± 10%; P = 0.42). Only in males, supraclavicular skin temperature upon cold increased more in morning than evening (+0.2 ± 0.1 °C vs -0.2 ± 0.2 °C; P = 0.05). In males, circulating free fatty acid (FFA) levels were increased after morning cold exposure, but not evening (+90% ± 18% vs +9% ± 8%; P < 0.001). In females, circulating FFA (+94% ± 21% vs +20% ± 5%; P = 0.006), but also triglycerides (+42% ± 5% vs +29% ± 4%, P = 0.01) and cholesterol levels (+17% ± 2% vs 11% ± 2%; P = 0.05) were more increased after cold exposure in morning than in evening. CONCLUSION Cold-induced thermogenesis is higher in morning than evening in males; however, lipid metabolism is more modulated in the morning than the evening in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aashley Sardjoe Mishre
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Magdalena M A Verkleij
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Kemmeren
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Iris C M Pelsma
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, “José Mataix Verdú” Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Diurnal variations of cold-induced thermogenesis in young, healthy adults: A randomized crossover trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5311-5321. [PMID: 34536639 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harnessing cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity has been proposed as a means of counteracting a positive energy balance, and thus of combating obesity and its related comorbidities. However, it has remained unclear whether CIT and BAT activity show diurnal variation in humans - knowledge that might allow treatments based on these factors to be time-optimized. METHODS A randomized crossover experiment was designed to examine whether CIT shows morning/evening variation in young, healthy adults (n = 14, 5 women). On the first experimental day, subjects' shivering thresholds were determined following a cooling protocol. After ≈96 h had elapsed, the subjects then returned on two further days (approx. 48 h apart) at 08:00 h or 18:00 in random order. On both the latter days, the resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured before the subjects underwent personalized cold exposure (i.e., according to their shivering threshold). CIT was then assessed for 60 min by indirect calorimetry. In an independent cross-sectional study (n = 133, 88 women), subjects came to the laboratory between 8:00 and 18:00 h and their BAT 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake was assessed after personalized cold stimulation. RESULTS Both the REE and CIT were similar in the morning and evening (all P > 0.05). Indeed, 60 min of personalized-mild cold exposure in the morning or evening elicited a similar change in energy expenditure (16.8 ± 12.8 vs. 15.7 ± 15.1% increase above REE, P = 0.72). BAT 18F-FDG uptake was also similar in the morning, evening and afternoon (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION CIT does not appear to show morning/evening variation in young healthy adults, with the current study design and methodology. BAT 18F-FDG uptake appears not to change across the day either, although experiments with a within-subject study design are needed to confirm these findings. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT02365129.
Collapse
|
8
|
Detection of melatonin-onset in real settings via wearable sensors and artificial intelligence. A pilot study. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
9
|
Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Merchan-Ramirez E, Löf M, Labayen I, Ravussin E, Ruiz JR. Energy Expenditure and Macronutrient Oxidation in Response to an Individualized Nonshivering Cooling Protocol. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:2175-2183. [PMID: 32985119 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the energy expenditure (EE) and macronutrient oxidation response to an individualized nonshivering cold exposure in young healthy adults. METHODS Two different groups of 44 (study 1: 22.1 [SD 2.1] years old, 25.6 [SD 5.2] kg/m2 , 34% men) and 13 young healthy adults (study 2: 25.6 [SD 3.0] years old, 23.6 [SD 2.4] kg/m2 , 54% men) participated in this study. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and macronutrient oxidation rates were measured by indirect calorimetry under fasting conditions in a warm environment (for 30 minutes) and in mild cold conditions (for 65 minutes, with the individual wearing a water-perfused cooling vest set at an individualized temperature adjusted to the individual's shivering threshold). RESULTS In study 1, EE increased in the initial stage of cold exposure and remained stable for the whole cold exposure (P < 0.001). Mean cold-induced thermogenesis (9.56 ± 7.9 kcal/h) was 13.9% ± 11.6% of the RMR (range: -14.8% to 39.9% of the RMR). Carbohydrate oxidation decreased during the first 30 minutes of the cold exposure and later recovered up to the baseline values (P < 0.01) in parallel to opposite changes in fat oxidation (P < 0.01). Results were replicated in study 2. CONCLUSIONS A 1-hour mild cold exposure individually adjusted to elicit maximum nonshivering thermogenesis induces a very modest increase in EE and a shift of macronutrient oxidation that may underlie a shift in thermogenic tissue activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nahon KJ, Janssen LGM, Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Bilsen MP, van der Eijk JA, Botani K, Overduin LA, Ruiz JR, Burakiewicz J, Dzyubachyk O, Webb AG, Kan HE, Berbée JFP, van Klinken J, van Dijk KW, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Coskun T, Jazet IM, Kooijman S, Martinez‐Tellez B, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. The effect of mirabegron on energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue in healthy lean South Asian and Europid men. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2032-2044. [PMID: 32558052 PMCID: PMC7771034 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of cold exposure and the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron on plasma lipids, energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in South Asians versus Europids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten lean Dutch South Asian (aged 18-30 years; body mass index [BMI] 18-25 kg/m2 ) and 10 age- and BMI-matched Europid men participated in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study consisting of three interventions: short-term (~ 2 hours) cold exposure, mirabegron (200 mg one dose p.o.) and placebo. Before and after each intervention, we performed lipidomic analysis in serum, assessed resting energy expenditure (REE) and skin temperature, and measured BAT fat fraction by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS In both ethnicities, cold exposure increased the levels of several serum lipid species, whereas mirabegron only increased free fatty acids. Cold exposure increased lipid oxidation in both ethnicities, while mirabegron increased lipid oxidation in Europids only. Cold exposure and mirabegron enhanced supraclavicular skin temperature in both ethnicities. Cold exposure decreased BAT fat fraction in both ethnicities. After the combination of data from both ethnicities, mirabegron decreased BAT fat fraction compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS In South Asians and Europids, cold exposure and mirabegron induced beneficial metabolic effects. When combining both ethnicities, cold exposure and mirabegron increased REE and lipid oxidation, coinciding with a higher supraclavicular skin temperature and lower BAT fat fraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J. Nahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Laura G. M. Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Manu P. Bilsen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jari A. van der Eijk
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Kani Botani
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A. Overduin
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Jedrzej Burakiewicz
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Oleh Dzyubachyk
- Department of Radiology, Division of Image Processing (LKEB)Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Andrew G. Webb
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Hermien E. Kan
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F. P. Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jan‐Bert van Klinken
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M. Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Department of Diabetes/EndocrineLilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Ingrid M. Jazet
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez‐Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JM, Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Löf M, Labayen I, Ruiz JR. Estimation of non-shivering thermogenesis and cold-induced nutrient oxidation rates: Impact of method for data selection and analysis. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:2168-2174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
12
|
Levy SB. Field and laboratory methods for quantifying brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23261. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B. Levy
- Department of Anthropology CUNY Hunter College New York, New York
- Department of Anthropology Yale University New Haven Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Skin temperature response to a liquid meal intake is different in men than in women. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:1339-1347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
14
|
Temperatus® software: A new tool to efficiently manage the massive information generated by iButtons. Int J Med Inform 2019; 126:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
15
|
Martinez-Tellez B, Garcia-Rivero Y, Sanchez-Delgado G, Xu H, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Acosta FM, Rensen PCN, Boon MR, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Supraclavicular skin temperature measured by iButtons and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by brown adipose tissue in adults. J Therm Biol 2019; 82:178-185. [PMID: 31128645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 18 [F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in combination with a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan analysis is the most commonly used method to quantify human BAT volume and activity. However, this technique presents several drawbacks which negatively affect participant's health. The aim of the present work is to determine whether supraclavicular skin temperature can be used as an indirect marker of cold-induced BAT and skeletal muscle 18F-FDG uptake in adults, while taking into account body composition. We performed a personalized cooling protocol just before an 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan, and we measured supraclavicular skin temperature before (in warm conditions) and after the cooling protocol in 88 adults (n = 57 women, mean age: 21.9 ± 2.1 years old, body mass index: 24.5 ± 4.3 km/m2). We found that supraclavicular skin temperature at the warm and cold periods was weakly and positively associated with BAT activity (SUVmean and SUVpeak: β = 3.000; R2 = 0.072; P = 0.022 and β = 2.448; R2 = 0.060; P = 0.021), but not with skeletal muscle 18F-FDG uptake, after controlling for body composition. We performed further analyses and the positive associations persisted only in the group of women. In conclusion, supraclavicular skin temperature in warm and cold conditions seems to be related with cold-induced 18F-FDG uptake by BAT only in women, although the low explained variance of these associations means that there are other factors involved in the supraclavicular skin temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Yolanda Garcia-Rivero
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Nuclear Medicine Department, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Huiwen Xu
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Nuclear Medicine Department, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Martinez-Tellez B, Perez-Bey A, Sanchez-Delgado G, Acosta FM, Corral-Perez J, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Alcantara JMA, Castro-Piñero J, Jimenez-Pavon D, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Concurrent validity of supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and infrared thermography as a surrogate marker of brown adipose tissue. J Therm Biol 2019; 82:186-196. [PMID: 31128647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity is commonly assessed with a positron emission tomography with computed tomography scan (PET/CT). This technique has several limitations and alternative techniques are needed. Supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and infrared thermography (IRT) has been proposed as an indirect marker of BAT activity. We studied the concurrent validity of skin temperature measured with iButtons vs. IRT and the association of supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons and IRT with BAT. We measured skin temperature upon a shivering threshold test with iButtons and IRT in 6 different regions in 12 participants (n = 2 men). On a separate day, we determined supraclavicular skin temperature with an iButton and IRT after 2 h of a personalized cooling protocol. Thereafter, we quantified BAT volume and activity by PET/CT. We observed that the absolute differences between the devices were statistically different from 0 (all P < 0.05) after the shivering threshold test. Moreover, we did not find any association between supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons or IRT and BAT 18F-FDG activity (r = -0.213; P = 0.530 and r = -0.079; P = 0.817). However, we observed a negative association of supraclavicular skin temperature measured by IRT with BAT 18F-FDG volume (r = -0.764; P = 0.006), but not with supraclavicular skin temperature measured with iButtons (r = -0.546; P = 0.082). In light of these results, we concluded that the measurement of skin temperature obtained by iButtons and IRT are not comparable. Furthermore, it seems that supraclavicular skin temperature is not associated with BAT 18F-FDG activity, but it appears to be negatively associated with BAT 18F-FDG volume in the case of IRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, And Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- Galeno Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Corral-Perez
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Sciences, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Castro-Piñero
- Galeno Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - David Jimenez-Pavon
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Sciences, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Service, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Nuclear Medicine Service, Biohealth Research Institute (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Garcia-Rivero Y, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Brown Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle 18F-FDG Activity After a Personalized Cold Exposure Is Not Associated With Cold-Induced Thermogenesis and Nutrient Oxidation Rates in Young Healthy Adults. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1577. [PMID: 30505277 PMCID: PMC6250802 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold induced thermogenesis (CIT) in humans results mainly from the combination of both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle thermogenic activity. The relative contribution of both tissues to CIT and to cold induced nutrient oxidation rates (CI-NUTox) remains, however, to be elucidated. We investigated the association of BAT and skeletal muscle activity after a personalized cold exposure with CIT and CI-NUTox in 57 healthy adults (23.0 ± 2.4 years old; 25.1 ± 4.6 kg/m2; 35 women). BAT and skeletal muscle (paracervical, sternocleidomastoid, scalene, longus colli, trapezius, parathoracic, supraspinatus, subscapular, deltoid, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii) metabolic activity were assessed by means of a 18Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan preceded by a personalized cold exposure. The cold exposure consisted in remaining in a mild cold room for 2 h at 19.5–20°C wearing a water perfused cooling vest set at 3.8°C above the individual shivering threshold. On a separate day, we estimated CIT and CI-NUTox by indirect calorimetry under fasting conditions for 1 h of personalized cold exposure. There was no association of BAT volume or activity with CIT or CI-NUTox (all P > 0.2). Similarly, the skeletal muscle metabolic activity was not associated either with CIT or CI-NUTox (all P > 0.2). The results persisted after controlling for sex, the time of the day, and the date when CIT was assessed. Our results suggest that human BAT activity and skeletal muscle 18F-FDG activity are not associated to CIT in young healthy adults. Inherent limitations of the available radiotracers for BAT detection and muscle activity quantification may explain why we failed to detect a physiologically plausible association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Garcia-Rivero
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Departament of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Recent advances in the detection of brown adipose tissue in adult humans: a review. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1039-1054. [PMID: 29802209 DOI: 10.1042/cs20170276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is associated with reductions in circulating lipids and glucose in rodents and contributes to energy expenditure in humans indicating the potential therapeutic importance of targetting this tissue for the treatment of a variety of metabolic disorders. In order to evaluate the therapeutic potential of human BAT, a variety of methodologies for assessing the volume and metabolic activity of BAT are utilized. Cold exposure is often utilized to increase BAT activity but inconsistencies in the characteristics of the exposure protocols make it challenging to compare findings. The metabolic activity of BAT in response to cold exposure has most commonly been measured by static positron emission tomography of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in combination with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) imaging, but recent studies suggest that under some conditions this may not always reflect BAT thermogenic activity. Therefore, recent studies have used alternative positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging strategies and radiotracers that may offer important insights. In addition to PET-CT, there are numerous emerging techniques that may have utility for assessing BAT metabolic activity including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), skin temperature measurements, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and contrast ultrasound (CU). In this review, we discuss and critically evaluate the various methodologies used to measure BAT metabolic activity in humans and provide a contemporary assessment of protocols which may be useful in interpreting research findings and guiding the development of future studies.
Collapse
|
19
|
Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, A. Alcantara JM, Acosta-Manzano P, Morales-Artacho AJ, R. Ruiz J. Physiological responses to acute cold exposure in young lean men. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196543. [PMID: 29734360 PMCID: PMC5937792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to comprehensively describe the physiological responses to an acute bout of mild cold in young lean men (n = 11, age: 23 ± 2 years, body mass index: 23.1 ± 1.2 kg/m2) to better understand the underlying mechanisms of non-shivering thermogenesis and how it is regulated. Resting energy expenditure, substrate metabolism, skin temperature, thermal comfort perception, superficial muscle activity, hemodynamics of the forearm and abdominal regions, and heart rate variability were measured under warm conditions (22.7 ± 0.2°C) and during an individualized cooling protocol (air-conditioning and water cooling vest) in a cold room (19.4 ± 0.1°C). The temperature of the cooling vest started at 16.6°C and decreased ~ 1.4°C every 10 minutes until participants shivered (93.5 ± 26.3 min). All measurements were analysed across 4 periods: warm period, at 31% and at 64% of individual´s cold exposure time until shivering occurred, and at the shivering threshold. Energy expenditure increased from warm period to 31% of cold exposure by 16.7% (P = 0.078) and to the shivering threshold by 31.7% (P = 0.023). Fat oxidation increased by 72.6% from warm period to 31% of cold exposure (P = 0.004), whereas no changes occurred in carbohydrates oxidation. As shivering came closer, the skin temperature and thermal comfort perception decreased (all P<0.05), except in the supraclavicular skin temperature, which did not change (P>0.05). Furthermore, the superficial muscle activation increased at the shivering threshold. It is noteworthy that the largest physiological changes occurred during the first 30 minutes of cold exposure, when the participants felt less discomfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M. Acosta
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M. A. Alcantara
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Acosta-Manzano
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Morales-Artacho
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Coolbaugh CL, Bush EC, Galenti ES, Welch EB, Towse TF. An Individualized, Perception-Based Protocol to Investigate Human Physiological Responses to Cooling. Front Physiol 2018; 9:195. [PMID: 29593558 PMCID: PMC5859361 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold exposure, a known stimulant of the thermogenic effects of brown adipose tissue (BAT), is the most widely used method to study BAT physiology in adult humans. Recently, individualized cooling has been recommended to standardize the physiological cold stress applied across participants, but critical experimental details remain unclear. The purpose of this work was to develop a detailed methodology for an individualized, perception-based protocol to investigate human physiological responses to cooling. Participants were wrapped in two water-circulating blankets and fitted with skin temperature probes to estimate BAT activity and peripheral vasoconstriction. We created a thermoesthesia graphical user interface (tGUI) to continuously record the subject's perception of cooling and shivering status during the cooling protocol. The protocol began with a 15 min thermoneutral phase followed by a series of 10 min cooling phases and concluded when sustained shivering (>1 min duration) occurred. Researchers used perception of cooling feedback (tGUI ratings) to manually adjust and personalize the water temperature at each cooling phase. Blanket water temperatures were recorded continuously during the protocol. Twelve volunteers (ages: 26.2 ± 1.4 years; 25% female) completed a feasibility study to evaluate the proposed protocol. Water temperature, perception of cooling, and shivering varied considerably across participants in response to cooling. Mean clavicle skin temperature, a surrogate measure of BAT activity, decreased (−0.99°C, 95% CI: −1.7 to −0.25°C, P = 0.16) after the cooling protocol, but an increase in supraclavicular skin temperature was observed in 4 participants. A strong positive correlation was also found between thermoesthesia and peripheral vasoconstriction (ρ = 0.84, P < 0.001). The proposed individualized, perception-based protocol therefore has potential to investigate the physiological responses to cold stress applied across populations with varying age, sex, body composition, and cold sensitivity characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L Coolbaugh
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Emily C Bush
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Elizabeth S Galenti
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - E Brian Welch
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Theodore F Towse
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|