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Yasoda-Mohan A, Chen F, Ó Sé C, Allard R, Ost J, Vanneste S. Phantom perception as a Bayesian inference problem: a pilot study. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:1311-1327. [PMID: 38718414 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00349.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is the perception of a continuous sound in the absence of an external source. Although the role of the auditory system is well investigated, there is a gap in how multisensory signals are integrated to produce a single percept in tinnitus. Here, we train participants to learn a new sensory environment by associating a cue with a target signal that varies in perceptual threshold. In the test phase, we present only the cue to see whether the person perceives an illusion of the target signal. We perform two separate experiments to observe the behavioral and electrophysiological responses to the learning and test phases in 1) healthy young adults and 2) people with continuous subjective tinnitus and matched control subjects. We observed that in both parts of the study the percentage of false alarms was negatively correlated with the 75% detection threshold. Additionally, the perception of an illusion goes together with increased evoked response potential in frontal regions of the brain. Furthermore, in patients with tinnitus, we observe no significant difference in behavioral or evoked response in the auditory paradigm, whereas patients with tinnitus were more likely to report false alarms along with increased evoked activity during the learning and test phases in the visual paradigm. This emphasizes the importance of integrity of sensory pathways in multisensory integration and how this process may be disrupted in people with tinnitus. Furthermore, the present study also presents preliminary data supporting evidence that tinnitus patients may be building stronger perceptual models, which needs future studies with a larger population to provide concrete evidence on.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Tinnitus is the continuous phantom perception of a ringing in the ears. Recently, it has been suggested that tinnitus may be a maladaptive inference of the brain to auditory anomalies, whether they are detected or undetected by an audiogram. The present study presents empirical evidence for this hypothesis by inducing an illusion in a sensory domain that is damaged (auditory) and one that is intact (visual). It also presents novel information about how people with tinnitus process multisensory stimuli in the audio-visual domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Feifan Chen
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colum Ó Sé
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Remy Allard
- School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jan Ost
- Brain Research Center for Advanced, International, Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Brain Research Center for Advanced, International, Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium
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Weglage A, Layer N, Meister H, Müller V, Lang-Roth R, Walger M, Sandmann P. Changes in visually and auditory attended audiovisual speech processing in cochlear implant users: A longitudinal ERP study. Hear Res 2024; 447:109023. [PMID: 38733710 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Limited auditory input, whether caused by hearing loss or by electrical stimulation through a cochlear implant (CI), can be compensated by the remaining senses. Specifically for CI users, previous studies reported not only improved visual skills, but also altered cortical processing of unisensory visual and auditory stimuli. However, in multisensory scenarios, it is still unclear how auditory deprivation (before implantation) and electrical hearing experience (after implantation) affect cortical audiovisual speech processing. Here, we present a prospective longitudinal electroencephalography (EEG) study which systematically examined the deprivation- and CI-induced alterations of cortical processing of audiovisual words by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) in postlingually deafened CI users before and after implantation (five weeks and six months of CI use). A group of matched normal-hearing (NH) listeners served as controls. The participants performed a word-identification task with congruent and incongruent audiovisual words, focusing their attention on either the visual (lip movement) or the auditory speech signal. This allowed us to study the (top-down) attention effect on the (bottom-up) sensory cortical processing of audiovisual speech. When compared to the NH listeners, the CI candidates (before implantation) and the CI users (after implantation) exhibited enhanced lipreading abilities and an altered cortical response at the N1 latency range (90-150 ms) that was characterized by a decreased theta oscillation power (4-8 Hz) and a smaller amplitude in the auditory cortex. After implantation, however, the auditory-cortex response gradually increased and developed a stronger intra-modal connectivity. Nevertheless, task efficiency and activation in the visual cortex was significantly modulated in both groups by focusing attention on the visual as compared to the auditory speech signal, with the NH listeners additionally showing an attention-dependent decrease in beta oscillation power (13-30 Hz). In sum, these results suggest remarkable deprivation effects on audiovisual speech processing in the auditory cortex, which partially reverse after implantation. Although even experienced CI users still show distinct audiovisual speech processing compared to NH listeners, pronounced effects of (top-down) direction of attention on (bottom-up) audiovisual processing can be observed in both groups. However, NH listeners but not CI users appear to show enhanced allocation of cognitive resources in visually as compared to auditory attended audiovisual speech conditions, which supports our behavioural observations of poorer lipreading abilities and reduced visual influence on audition in NH listeners as compared to CI users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Weglage
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany.
| | - Natalie Layer
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany
| | - Hartmut Meister
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany; Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Clinical ENT Research, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Verena Müller
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany
| | - Ruth Lang-Roth
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany
| | - Martin Walger
- Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology and Pediatric Audiology, Cochlear Implant Centre, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Germany; Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Clinical ENT Research, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Pascale Sandmann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science University of Oldenburg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", University of Oldenburg, Germany
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Yasoda-Mohan A, Faubert J, Ost J, Kropotov JD, Vanneste S. Investigating sensitivity to multi-domain prediction errors in chronic auditory phantom perception. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11036. [PMID: 38744906 PMCID: PMC11094085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of a continuous phantom in a sensory domain in the absence of an external stimulus is explained as a maladaptive compensation of aberrant predictive coding, a proposed unified theory of brain functioning. If this were true, these changes would occur not only in the domain of the phantom percept but in other sensory domains as well. We confirm this hypothesis by using tinnitus (continuous phantom sound) as a model and probe the predictive coding mechanism using the established local-global oddball paradigm in both the auditory and visual domains. We observe that tinnitus patients are sensitive to changes in predictive coding not only in the auditory but also in the visual domain. We report changes in well-established components of event-related EEG such as the mismatch negativity. Furthermore, deviations in stimulus characteristics were correlated with the subjective tinnitus distress. These results provide an empirical confirmation that aberrant perceptions are a symptom of a higher-order systemic disorder transcending the domain of the percept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jocelyn Faubert
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jan Ost
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juri D Kropotov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium.
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Alemi R, Wolfe J, Neumann S, Manning J, Hanna L, Towler W, Wilson C, Bien A, Miller S, Schafer E, Gemignani J, Koirala N, Gracco VL, Deroche M. Motor Processing in Children With Cochlear Implants as Assessed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Percept Mot Skills 2024; 131:74-105. [PMID: 37977135 PMCID: PMC10863375 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231213167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Auditory-motor and visual-motor networks are often coupled in daily activities, such as when listening to music and dancing; but these networks are known to be highly malleable as a function of sensory input. Thus, congenital deafness may modify neural activities within the connections between the motor, auditory, and visual cortices. Here, we investigated whether the cortical responses of children with cochlear implants (CI) to a simple and repetitive motor task would differ from that of children with typical hearing (TH) and we sought to understand whether this response related to their language development. Participants were 75 school-aged children, including 50 with CI (with varying language abilities) and 25 controls with TH. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record cortical responses over the whole brain, as children squeezed the back triggers of a joystick that vibrated or not with the squeeze. Motor cortex activity was reflected by an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (HbO) and a decrease in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (HbR) in all children, irrespective of their hearing status. Unexpectedly, the visual cortex (supposedly an irrelevant region) was deactivated in this task, particularly for children with CI who had good language skills when compared to those with CI who had language delays. Presence or absence of vibrotactile feedback made no difference in cortical activation. These findings support the potential of fNIRS to examine cognitive functions related to language in children with CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Alemi
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jace Wolfe
- Oberkotter Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sara Neumann
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jacy Manning
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lindsay Hanna
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Will Towler
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Caleb Wilson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Alexander Bien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sharon Miller
- Department of Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Erin Schafer
- Department of Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Gemignani
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Mickael Deroche
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sheffield SW, Larson E, Butera IM, DeFreese A, Rogers BP, Wallace MT, Stecker GC, Lee AKC, Gifford RH. Sound Level Changes the Auditory Cortical Activation Detected with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:686-697. [PMID: 37393418 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00981-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a viable non-invasive technique for functional neuroimaging in the cochlear implant (CI) population; however, the effects of acoustic stimulus features on the fNIRS signal have not been thoroughly examined. This study examined the effect of stimulus level on fNIRS responses in adults with normal hearing or bilateral CIs. We hypothesized that fNIRS responses would correlate with both stimulus level and subjective loudness ratings, but that the correlation would be weaker with CIs due to the compression of acoustic input to electric output. METHODS Thirteen adults with bilateral CIs and 16 with normal hearing (NH) completed the study. Signal-correlated noise, a speech-shaped noise modulated by the temporal envelope of speech stimuli, was used to determine the effect of stimulus level in an unintelligible speech-like stimulus between the range of soft to loud speech. Cortical activity in the left hemisphere was recorded. RESULTS Results indicated a positive correlation of cortical activation in the left superior temporal gyrus with stimulus level in both NH and CI listeners with an additional correlation between cortical activity and perceived loudness for the CI group. The results are consistent with the literature and our hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS These results support the potential of fNIRS to examine auditory stimulus level effects at a group level and the importance of controlling for stimulus level and loudness in speech recognition studies. Further research is needed to better understand cortical activation patterns for speech recognition as a function of both stimulus presentation level and perceived loudness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sterling W Sheffield
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Science, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive Room 2130, Gainesville, FL, 32160, USA.
| | - Eric Larson
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Iliza M Butera
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrea DeFreese
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Baxter P Rogers
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark T Wallace
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Adrian K C Lee
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rene H Gifford
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Koirala N, Deroche MLD, Wolfe J, Neumann S, Bien AG, Doan D, Goldbeck M, Muthuraman M, Gracco VL. Dynamic networks differentiate the language ability of children with cochlear implants. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1141886. [PMID: 37409105 PMCID: PMC10318154 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1141886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cochlear implantation (CI) in prelingually deafened children has been shown to be an effective intervention for developing language and reading skill. However, there is a substantial proportion of the children receiving CI who struggle with language and reading. The current study-one of the first to implement electrical source imaging in CI population was designed to identify the neural underpinnings in two groups of CI children with good and poor language and reading skill. Methods Data using high density electroencephalography (EEG) under a resting state condition was obtained from 75 children, 50 with CIs having good (HL) or poor language skills (LL) and 25 normal hearing (NH) children. We identified coherent sources using dynamic imaging of coherent sources (DICS) and their effective connectivity computing time-frequency causality estimation based on temporal partial directed coherence (TPDC) in the two CI groups compared to a cohort of age and gender matched NH children. Findings Sources with higher coherence amplitude were observed in three frequency bands (alpha, beta and gamma) for the CI groups when compared to normal hearing children. The two groups of CI children with good (HL) and poor (LL) language ability exhibited not only different cortical and subcortical source profiles but also distinct effective connectivity between them. Additionally, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm using these sources and their connectivity patterns for each CI group across the three frequency bands was able to predict the language and reading scores with high accuracy. Interpretation Increased coherence in the CI groups suggest overall that the oscillatory activity in some brain areas become more strongly coupled compared to the NH group. Moreover, the different sources and their connectivity patterns and their association to language and reading skill in both groups, suggest a compensatory adaptation that either facilitated or impeded language and reading development. The neural differences in the two groups of CI children may reflect potential biomarkers for predicting outcome success in CI children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Koirala
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | - Jace Wolfe
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Sara Neumann
- Hearts for Hearing Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Alexander G. Bien
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Derek Doan
- University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Michael Goldbeck
- University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Department of Neurology, Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (NESA-AI), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vincent L. Gracco
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kral A, Sharma A. Crossmodal plasticity in hearing loss. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:377-393. [PMID: 36990952 PMCID: PMC10121905 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Crossmodal plasticity is a textbook example of the ability of the brain to reorganize based on use. We review evidence from the auditory system showing that such reorganization has significant limits, is dependent on pre-existing circuitry and top-down interactions, and that extensive reorganization is often absent. We argue that the evidence does not support the hypothesis that crossmodal reorganization is responsible for closing critical periods in deafness, and crossmodal plasticity instead represents a neuronal process that is dynamically adaptable. We evaluate the evidence for crossmodal changes in both developmental and adult-onset deafness, which start as early as mild-moderate hearing loss and show reversibility when hearing is restored. Finally, crossmodal plasticity does not appear to affect the neuronal preconditions for successful hearing restoration. Given its dynamic and versatile nature, we describe how this plasticity can be exploited for improving clinical outcomes after neurosensory restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Kral
- Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology, Otolaryngology Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Australian Hearing Hub, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anu Sharma
- Department of Speech Language and Hearing Science, Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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Lazard DS, Doelling KB, Arnal LH. Plasticity After Hearing Rehabilitation in the Aging Brain. Trends Hear 2023; 27:23312165231156412. [PMID: 36794429 PMCID: PMC9936397 DOI: 10.1177/23312165231156412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss, presbycusis, is an unavoidable sensory degradation, often associated with the progressive decline of cognitive and social functions, and dementia. It is generally considered a natural consequence of the inner-ear deterioration. However, presbycusis arguably conflates a wide array of peripheral and central impairments. Although hearing rehabilitation maintains the integrity and activity of auditory networks and can prevent or revert maladaptive plasticity, the extent of such neural plastic changes in the aging brain is poorly appreciated. By reanalyzing a large-scale dataset of more than 2200 cochlear implant users (CI) and assessing the improvement in speech perception from 6 to 24 months of use, we show that, although rehabilitation improves speech understanding on average, age at implantation only minimally affects speech scores at 6 months but has a pejorative effect at 24 months post implantation. Furthermore, older subjects (>67 years old) were significantly more likely to degrade their performances after 2 years of CI use than the younger patients for each year increase in age. Secondary analysis reveals three possible plasticity trajectories after auditory rehabilitation to account for these disparities: Awakening, reversal of deafness-specific changes; Counteracting, stabilization of additional cognitive impairments; or Decline, independent pejorative processes that hearing rehabilitation cannot prevent. The role of complementary behavioral interventions needs to be considered to potentiate the (re)activation of auditory brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane S. Lazard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM AU06, Institut de l’Audition, Paris, France,ENT department, Institut Arthur Vernes, Paris, France,Diane Lazard, Institut de l’Audition, Institut Pasteur, 63 rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Keith B. Doelling
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM AU06, Institut de l’Audition, Paris, France
| | - Luc H. Arnal
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM AU06, Institut de l’Audition, Paris, France
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Beckers L, Tromp N, Philips B, Mylanus E, Huinck W. Exploring neurocognitive factors and brain activation in adult cochlear implant recipients associated with speech perception outcomes-A scoping review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1046669. [PMID: 36816114 PMCID: PMC9932917 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1046669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cochlear implants (CIs) are considered an effective treatment for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, speech perception outcomes are highly variable among adult CI recipients. Top-down neurocognitive factors have been hypothesized to contribute to this variation that is currently only partly explained by biological and audiological factors. Studies investigating this, use varying methods and observe varying outcomes, and their relevance has yet to be evaluated in a review. Gathering and structuring this evidence in this scoping review provides a clear overview of where this research line currently stands, with the aim of guiding future research. Objective To understand to which extent different neurocognitive factors influence speech perception in adult CI users with a postlingual onset of hearing loss, by systematically reviewing the literature. Methods A systematic scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies investigating the influence of one or more neurocognitive factors on speech perception post-implantation were included. Word and sentence perception in quiet and noise were included as speech perception outcome metrics and six key neurocognitive domains, as defined by the DSM-5, were covered during the literature search (Protocol in open science registries: 10.17605/OSF.IO/Z3G7W of searches in June 2020, April 2022). Results From 5,668 retrieved articles, 54 articles were included and grouped into three categories using different measures to relate to speech perception outcomes: (1) Nineteen studies investigating brain activation, (2) Thirty-one investigating performance on cognitive tests, and (3) Eighteen investigating linguistic skills. Conclusion The use of cognitive functions, recruiting the frontal cortex, the use of visual cues, recruiting the occipital cortex, and the temporal cortex still available for language processing, are beneficial for adult CI users. Cognitive assessments indicate that performance on non-verbal intelligence tasks positively correlated with speech perception outcomes. Performance on auditory or visual working memory, learning, memory and vocabulary tasks were unrelated to speech perception outcomes and performance on the Stroop task not to word perception in quiet. However, there are still many uncertainties regarding the explanation of inconsistent results between papers and more comprehensive studies are needed e.g., including different assessment times, or combining neuroimaging and behavioral measures. Systematic review registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z3G7W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes Beckers
- Cochlear Ltd., Mechelen, Belgium,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Loes Beckers,
| | - Nikki Tromp
- Cochlear Ltd., Mechelen, Belgium,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Emmanuel Mylanus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Wendy Huinck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Steinmetzger K, Meinhardt B, Praetorius M, Andermann M, Rupp A. A direct comparison of voice pitch processing in acoustic and electric hearing. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103188. [PMID: 36113196 PMCID: PMC9483634 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In single-sided deafness patients fitted with a cochlear implant (CI) in the affected ear and preserved normal hearing in the other ear, acoustic and electric hearing can be directly compared without the need for an external control group. Although poor pitch perception is a crucial limitation when listening through CIs, it remains unclear how exactly the cortical processing of pitch information differs between acoustic and electric hearing. Hence, we separately presented both ears of 20 of these patients with vowel sequences in which the pitch contours were either repetitive or variable, while simultaneously recording functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and EEG data. Overall, the results showed smaller and delayed auditory cortex activity in electric hearing, particularly for the P2 event-related potential component, which appears to reflect the processing of voice pitch information. Both the fNIRS data and EEG source reconstructions furthermore showed that vowel sequences with variable pitch contours evoked additional activity in posterior right auditory cortex in electric but not acoustic hearing. This surprising discrepancy demonstrates, firstly, that the acoustic detail transmitted by CIs is sufficient to distinguish between speech sounds that only vary regarding their pitch information. Secondly, the absence of a condition difference when stimulating the normal-hearing ears suggests a saturation of cortical activity levels following unilateral deafness. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence in favour of using CIs in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Steinmetzger
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,Corresponding author.
| | - Bastian Meinhardt
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Praetorius
- Section of Otology and Neurootology, ENT Clinic, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Andermann
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André Rupp
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Brewster KK, Deal JA, Lin FR, Rutherford BR. Considering hearing loss as a modifiable risk factor for dementia. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:805-813. [PMID: 36150235 PMCID: PMC9647784 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2128769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence links hearing loss to impaired cognitive performance and increased risk for dementia. Hearing loss can lead to deafferentation-induced atrophy of frontotemporal brain regions and dysregulation of cognitive control networks from increased listening effort. Hearing loss is also associated with reduced social engagement, loneliness, and depression, which are independently associated with poor cognitive function. AREAS COVERED We summarize the evidence and postulated mechanisms linking hearing loss to dementia in older adults and synthesize the available literature demonstrating beneficial effects of hearing remediation on brain structure and function. EXPERT OPINION : Further research is needed to evaluate whether treatment of hearing loss may reduce risk of cognitive decline and improve neural consequences of hearing loss. Studies may investigate the pathologic mechanisms linking these late-life disorders and identify individuals vulnerable to dementia, and future clinical trials may evaluate whether hearing treatment may reduce the risk for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine K Brewster
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Jennifer A Deal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Frank R Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Bret R Rutherford
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
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12
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Fullerton AM, Vickers DA, Luke R, Billing AN, McAlpine D, Hernandez-Perez H, Peelle JE, Monaghan JJM, McMahon CM. Cross-modal functional connectivity supports speech understanding in cochlear implant users. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:3350-3371. [PMID: 35989307 PMCID: PMC10068270 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory deprivation can lead to cross-modal cortical changes, whereby sensory brain regions deprived of input may be recruited to perform atypical function. Enhanced cross-modal responses to visual stimuli observed in auditory cortex of postlingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users are hypothesized to reflect increased activation of cortical language regions, but it is unclear if this cross-modal activity is "adaptive" or "mal-adaptive" for speech understanding. To determine if increased activation of language regions is correlated with better speech understanding in CI users, we assessed task-related activation and functional connectivity of auditory and visual cortices to auditory and visual speech and non-speech stimuli in CI users (n = 14) and normal-hearing listeners (n = 17) and used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure hemodynamic responses. We used visually presented speech and non-speech to investigate neural processes related to linguistic content and observed that CI users show beneficial cross-modal effects. Specifically, an increase in connectivity between the left auditory and visual cortices-presumed primary sites of cortical language processing-was positively correlated with CI users' abilities to understand speech in background noise. Cross-modal activity in auditory cortex of postlingually deaf CI users may reflect adaptive activity of a distributed, multimodal speech network, recruited to enhance speech understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Fullerton
- Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Deborah A Vickers
- Cambridge Hearing Group, Sound Lab, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OSZ, United Kingdom.,Speech, Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, University College London, London WC1N 1PF, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Luke
- Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Addison N Billing
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WCIN 3AZ, United Kingdom.,DOT-HUB, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David McAlpine
- Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Heivet Hernandez-Perez
- Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Peelle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jessica J M Monaghan
- National Acoustic Laboratories, Australian Hearing Hub, Sydney 2109, Australia.,Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Catherine M McMahon
- Department of Linguistics and Macquarie University Hearing, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.,HEAR Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
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13
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Bálint A, Wimmer W, Caversaccio M, Weder S. Neural Activity during Audiovisual Speech Processing: Protocol for a Functional Neuroimaging Study (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e38407. [PMID: 35727624 PMCID: PMC9239541 DOI: 10.2196/38407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies have demonstrated associations between hearing outcomes after cochlear implantation and plastic brain changes. However, inconsistent results make it difficult to draw conclusions. A major problem is that many variables need to be controlled. To gain further understanding, a careful preparation and planning of such a functional neuroimaging task is key. Objective Using fNIRS, our main objective is to develop a well-controlled audiovisual speech comprehension task to study brain activation in individuals with normal hearing and hearing impairment (including cochlear implant users). The task should be deductible from clinically established tests, induce maximal cortical activation, use optimal coverage of relevant brain regions, and be reproducible by other research groups. Methods The protocol will consist of a 5-minute resting state and 2 stimulation periods that are 12 minutes each. During the stimulation periods, 13-second video recordings of the clinically established Oldenburg Sentence Test (OLSA) will be presented. Stimuli will be presented in 4 different modalities: (1) speech in quiet, (2) speech in noise, (3) visual only (ie, lipreading), and (4) audiovisual speech. Each stimulus type will be repeated 10 times in a counterbalanced block design. Interactive question windows will monitor speech comprehension during the task. After the measurement, we will perform a 3D scan to digitize optode positions and verify the covered anatomical locations. Results This paper reports the study protocol. Enrollment for the study started in August 2021. We expect to publish our first results by the end of 2022. Conclusions The proposed audiovisual speech comprehension task will help elucidate neural correlates to speech understanding. The comprehensive study will have the potential to provide additional information beyond the conventional clinical standards about the underlying plastic brain changes of a hearing-impaired person. It will facilitate more precise indication criteria for cochlear implantation and better planning of rehabilitation. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/38407
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Affiliation(s)
- András Bálint
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Hearing Research Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelm Wimmer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Hearing Research Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Caversaccio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Hearing Research Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weder
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Hearing Research Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Lai K, Liu J, Wang J, Zheng Y, Liang M, Wang S. Resting-state EEG reveals global network deficiency in prelingually deaf children with late cochlear implantation. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:909069. [PMID: 36147821 PMCID: PMC9487891 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.909069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are individual differences in rehabilitation after cochlear implantation that can be explained by brain plasticity. However, from the perspective of brain networks, the effect of implantation age on brain plasticity is unclear. The present study investigated electroencephalography functional networks in the resting state, including eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions, in 31 children with early cochlear implantation, 24 children with late cochlear implantation, and 29 children with normal hearing. Resting-state functional connectivity was measured with phase lag index, and we investigated the connectivity between the sensory regions for each frequency band. Network topology was examined using minimum spanning tree to obtain the network backbone characteristics. The results showed stronger connectivity between auditory and visual regions but reduced global network efficiency in children with late cochlear implantation in the theta and alpha bands. Significant correlations were observed between functional backbone characteristics and speech perception scores in children with cochlear implantation. Collectively, these results reveal an important effect of implantation age on the extent of brain plasticity from a network perspective and indicate that characteristics of the brain network can reflect the extent of rehabilitation of children with cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Lai
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maojin Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suiping Wang
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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Saksida A, Ghiselli S, Bembich S, Scorpecci A, Giannantonio S, Resca A, Marsella P, Orzan E. Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Listening Effort in Young Children with Cochlear Implants. Audiol Res 2021; 12:1-9. [PMID: 35076472 PMCID: PMC8788282 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Very early bilateral implantation is thought to significantly reduce the attentional effort required to acquire spoken language, and consequently offer a profound improvement in quality of life. Despite the early intervention, however, auditory and communicative outcomes in children with cochlear implants remain poorer than in hearing children. The distorted auditory input via the cochlear implants requires more auditory attention resulting in increased listening effort and fatigue. Listening effort and fatigue may critically affect attention to speech, and in turn language processing, which may help to explain the variation in language and communication abilities. However, measuring attention to speech and listening effort is demanding in infants and very young children. Three objective techniques for measuring listening effort are presented in this paper that may address the challenges of testing very young and/or uncooperative children with cochlear implants: pupillometry, electroencephalography, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. We review the studies of listening effort that used these techniques in paediatric populations with hearing loss, and discuss potential benefits of the systematic evaluation of listening effort in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Saksida
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Ghiselli
- “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital of Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Stefano Bembich
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Alessandro Scorpecci
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Roma, Italy; (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara Giannantonio
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Roma, Italy; (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Alessandra Resca
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Roma, Italy; (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Pasquale Marsella
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Roma, Italy; (A.S.); (S.G.); (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Eva Orzan
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Harrison SC, Lawrence R, Hoare DJ, Wiggins IM, Hartley DEH. Use of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Predict and Measure Cochlear Implant Outcomes: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111439. [PMID: 34827438 PMCID: PMC8615917 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes following cochlear implantation vary widely for both adults and children, and behavioral tests are currently relied upon to assess this. However, these behavioral tests rely on subjective judgements that can be unreliable, particularly for infants and young children. The addition of an objective test of outcome following cochlear implantation is therefore desirable. The aim of this scoping review was to comprehensively catalogue the evidence for the potential of functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to be used as a tool to objectively predict and measure cochlear implant outcomes. A scoping review of the literature was conducted following the PRISMA extension for scoping review framework. Searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science electronic databases, with a hand search conducted in Google Scholar. Key terms relating to near infrared spectroscopy and cochlear implants were used to identify relevant publications. Eight records met the criteria for inclusion. Seven records reported on adult populations, with five records only including post-lingually deaf individuals and two including both pre- and post-lingually deaf individuals. Studies were either longitudinal or cross-sectional, and all studies compared fNIRS measurements with receptive speech outcomes. This review identified and collated key work in this field. The homogeneity of the populations studied so far identifies key gaps for future research, including the use of fNIRS in infants. By mapping the literature on this important topic, this review contributes knowledge towards the improvement of outcomes following cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C. Harrison
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK; (R.L.); (D.J.H.); (I.M.W.); (D.E.H.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-115-823-2640
| | - Rachael Lawrence
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK; (R.L.); (D.J.H.); (I.M.W.); (D.E.H.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Derek J. Hoare
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK; (R.L.); (D.J.H.); (I.M.W.); (D.E.H.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK
| | - Ian M. Wiggins
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK; (R.L.); (D.J.H.); (I.M.W.); (D.E.H.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK
| | - Douglas E. H. Hartley
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK; (R.L.); (D.J.H.); (I.M.W.); (D.E.H.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
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Alzaher M, Vannson N, Deguine O, Marx M, Barone P, Strelnikov K. Brain plasticity and hearing disorders. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 177:1121-1132. [PMID: 34657730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Permanently changed sensory stimulation can modify functional connectivity patterns in the healthy brain and in pathology. In the pathology case, these adaptive modifications of the brain are referred to as compensation, and the subsequent configurations of functional connectivity are called compensatory plasticity. The variability and extent of auditory deficits due to the impairments in the hearing system determine the related brain reorganization and rehabilitation. In this review, we consider cross-modal and intra-modal brain plasticity related to bilateral and unilateral hearing loss and their restoration using cochlear implantation. Cross-modal brain plasticity may have both beneficial and detrimental effects on hearing disorders. It has a beneficial effect when it serves to improve a patient's adaptation to the visuo-auditory environment. However, the occupation of the auditory cortex by visual functions may be a negative factor for the restoration of hearing with cochlear implants. In what concerns intra-modal plasticity, the loss of interhemispheric asymmetry in asymmetric hearing loss is deleterious for the auditory spatial localization. Research on brain plasticity in hearing disorders can advance our understanding of brain plasticity and improve the rehabilitation of the patients using prognostic, evidence-based approaches from cognitive neuroscience combined with post-rehabilitation objective biomarkers of this plasticity utilizing neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alzaher
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, centre de recherche cerveau et cognition, Toulouse, France; CNRS, CerCo, France
| | - N Vannson
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, centre de recherche cerveau et cognition, Toulouse, France; CNRS, CerCo, France
| | - O Deguine
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, centre de recherche cerveau et cognition, Toulouse, France; CNRS, CerCo, France; Faculté de médecine de Purpan, CHU Toulouse, université de Toulouse 3, France
| | - M Marx
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, centre de recherche cerveau et cognition, Toulouse, France; CNRS, CerCo, France; Faculté de médecine de Purpan, CHU Toulouse, université de Toulouse 3, France
| | - P Barone
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, centre de recherche cerveau et cognition, Toulouse, France; CNRS, CerCo, France.
| | - K Strelnikov
- Faculté de médecine de Purpan, CHU Toulouse, université de Toulouse 3, France
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18
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Shader MJ, Luke R, Gouailhardou N, McKay CM. The use of broad vs restricted regions of interest in functional near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring cortical activation to auditory-only and visual-only speech. Hear Res 2021; 406:108256. [PMID: 34051607 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As an alternative to fMRI, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a relatively new tool for observing cortical activation. However, spatial resolution is reduced compared to fMRI and often the exact locations of fNIRS optodes and specific anatomical information is not known. The aim of this study was to explore the location and range of specific regions of interest that are sensitive to detecting cortical activation using fNIRS in response to auditory- and visual-only connected speech. Two approaches to a priori region-of-interest selection were explored. First, broad regions corresponding to the auditory cortex and occipital lobe were analysed. Next, the fNIRS Optode Location Decider (fOLD) tool was used to divide the auditory and visual regions into two subregions corresponding to distinct anatomical structures. The Auditory-A and -B regions corresponded to Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale, respectively. The Visual-A region corresponded to the superior occipital gyrus and the cuneus, and the Visual-B region corresponded to the middle occipital gyrus. The experimental stimulus consisted of a connected speech signal segmented into 12.5-sec blocks and was presented in either an auditory-only or visual-only condition. Group-level results for eight normal-hearing adult participants averaged over the broad regions of interest revealed significant auditory-evoked activation for both the left and right broad auditory regions of interest. No significant activity was observed for any other broad region of interest in response to any stimulus condition. When divided into subregions, there was a significant positive auditory-evoked response in the left and right Auditory-A regions, suggesting activation near the primary auditory cortex in response to auditory-only speech. There was a significant positive visual-evoked response in the Visual-B region, suggesting middle occipital gyrus activation in response to visual-only speech. In the Visual-A region, however, there was a significant negative visual-evoked response. This result suggests a significant decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin in the superior occipital gyrus as well as the cuneus in response to visual-only speech. Distinct response characteristics, either positive or negative, in adjacent subregions within the temporal and occipital lobes were fairly consistent on the individual level. Results suggest that temporal regions near Heschl's gyrus may be the most advantageous location in adults for identifying hemodynamic responses to complex auditory speech signals using fNIRS. In the occipital lobe, regions corresponding to the facial processing pathway may prove advantageous for measuring positive responses to visual speech using fNIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen J Shader
- Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; Department of Medical Bionics, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Robert Luke
- Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Hearing, Macquarie University, 16 University Avenue, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | | | - Colette M McKay
- Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; Department of Medical Bionics, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Abstract
The current literature on peripheral cranial nerve stimulation for the purpose of achieving therapeutic effects via altering brain activity is reviewed. Vagus nerve stimulation, which is approved for use in refractory epilepsy, is the most extensively studied cranial nerve stimulator that has direct impact on the central nervous system. Despite the recognized central effects of peripheral cranial nerve stimulation, the mechanism of action for all indications remains incompletely understood. Further research on both mechanisms and indications of central effects of cranial nerve stimulation has the potential to alleviate burden of disease in a large array of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriel D Kohlberg
- Division of Otology and Neurotology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356161, Seattle, WA 98195 - 6161, USA
| | - Ravi N Samy
- Division of Otology/Neurotology, Neurotology Fellowship, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Neurosensory Disorders Center at University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 213 Albert Sabin, Way, MSB 6009C, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0528, USA.
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20
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Wang S, Chen B, Yu Y, Yang H, Cui W, Li J, Fan GG. Alterations of structural and functional connectivity in profound sensorineural hearing loss infants within an early sensitive period: A combined DTI and fMRI study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 38:100654. [PMID: 31129460 PMCID: PMC6969342 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to heightened level of neuroplasticity, there is a sensitive period (2–4 years after birth) that exists for optimal central auditory development. Using diffusion tensor imaging combined with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis, this study directly investigates the structural connectivity alterations of the whole brain white matter (WM) and the functional reorganization of the auditory network in infants with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) during the early sensitive period. 46 bilateral profound SNHL infants prior to cochlear implantation (mean age, 17.59 months) and 33 healthy controls (mean age, 18.55 months) were included in the analysis. Compared with controls, SNHL infants showed widespread WM alterations, including bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, right corticospinal tract, posterior thalamic radiation and left uncinate fasciculus. Moreover, SNHL infants demonstrated increased rsFC between left/right primary auditory cortex seeds and right insula and superior temporal gyrus. In conclusion, this study suggests that SNHL in the early sensitive period is associated with diffuse WM alterations that mainly affect the auditory and language pathways. Furthermore, increased rsFC in areas mainly associated with auditory and language networks may potentially reflect reorganization and compensatory activation in response to auditory deprivation during the early sensitive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Boyu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yalian Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Huaguang Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Wenzhuo Cui
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Guo Guang Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, #155, Nanjing North St., Heping Dist., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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