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Song L, Yu C, Li W, Liu L, Sun Q, Liu H, Wang S. Differential Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Expression and Functional Analysis of Pyridaben-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains of Tetranychus truncatus (Acari: Tetranychidae) under High Temperature Stress. INSECTS 2024; 15:381. [PMID: 38921096 PMCID: PMC11204104 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Tetranychus truncatus (Acari: Tetranychidae) has caused serious economic losses on some crops (soybean, corn, and cotton) in China, and has developed resistance to most acaricides. Our laboratory study found that T. truncatus was resistant to pyridaben and also adapted to high temperature (34-40 °C). High temperature stress may cause arthropods to produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative damage. Antioxidant enzymes, as the main antioxidants, can reduce the damage caused by excessive ROS in arthropods. In order to study the adaptation mechanism of the pyridaben-resistant strain of T. truncatus to high temperature and the role of antioxidant enzyme genes under high temperature stress, four antioxidant enzyme genes, TtSOD, TtPOD3, TtPOD4, and TtGSTs2, were screened according to the transcriptome sequencing data of pyridaben-susceptible and -resistant strains in T. truncatus. Firstly, the phylogeny and structure analyses of these four genes were carried out. Then, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technology was used to analyze the gene expression patterns of antioxidant enzymes in two strains of T. truncatus at three different high temperature ranges (34 °C, 38 °C, and 42 °C). The results showed that the expression levels of four antioxidant enzyme genes of two strains of T. truncatus were induced by high temperature stress, and the expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes were significantly different in each development state. The gene expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in resistant strains at the adult stage was significantly higher than that in susceptible strains. After the TtSOD and TtPOD4 genes of adult mites of the resistant strain were silenced by RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the mortality rate of mites with TtPOD4 gene silencing reached 41.11% after 96 h at 34 °C, which was significantly higher than that of the control and TtSOD gene silencing. It has been confirmed that the TtPOD4 gene plays a key role in the adaptation of pyridaben-resistant strain of T. truncatus to high temperature. It lays a theoretical foundation for revealing the thermal adaptation mechanism of T. truncatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Song
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Du H, Wang R, Dai X, Yin Z, Liu Y, Su L, Chen H, Zhao S, Zheng L, Dong X, Zhai Y. Effect of Guanylate Cyclase-22-like on Ovarian Development of Orius nagaii (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). INSECTS 2024; 15:110. [PMID: 38392529 PMCID: PMC10889437 DOI: 10.3390/insects15020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study identified and characterized the gene encoding recep tor-type guanylate cyclase-22-like (GCY-22; OnGCY) from the pirate bug Orius nagaii, an important biological control agent. The full-length cDNA of the GCY of O. nagaii was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE); it had a total length of 4888 base pairs (bp), of which the open reading frame (ORF) was 3750 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 1249 amino acid residues. The physicochemical properties of OnGCY were predicted and analyzed by using relevant ExPASy software, revealing a molecular formula of C6502H10122N1698O1869S57, molecular weight of ~143,811.57 kDa, isoelectric point of 6.55, and fat index of 90.04. The resulting protein was also shown to have a signal peptide, two transmembrane regions, and a conserved tyrosine kinase (tyrkc). Silencing OnGCY by RNA interference significantly inhibited ovarian development and decreased fertility in female O. nagaii in the treated versus the control group. Additionally, OnGCY silencing significantly decreased the expression levels of other GCY and Vg genes. Thus, these results clarify the structure and biological function of OnGCY, which has an important role in insect fecundity. The results also provide a reference for agricultural pest control and future large-scale breeding of biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Du
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenjuan Yin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Long Su
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaolin Dong
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yifan Zhai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
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Duan H, Shao X, Liu W, Xiang J, Pan N, Wang X, Du G, Li Y, Zhou J, Sui L. Spatio-temporal patterns of ovarian development and VgR gene silencing reduced fecundity in parthenogenetic Artemia. Open Biol 2023; 13:230172. [PMID: 37963545 PMCID: PMC10645507 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The halophilic zooplankton brine shrimp Artemia has been used as an experimental animal in multidisciplinary studies. However, the reproductive patterns and its regulatory mechanisms in Artemia remain unclear. In this study, the ovarian development process of parthenogenetic Artemia (A. parthenogenetica) was divided into five stages, and oogenesis or egg formation was identified in six phases. The oogenesis mode was assumed to be polytrophic. We also traced the dynamic translocation of candidate germline stem cells (cGSCs) using EdU labelling and elucidated several key cytological events in oogenesis through haematoxylin and eosin staining and fluorescence imaging. Distinguished from the ovary structure of insects and crustaceans, Artemia germarium originated from ovariole buds and are located at the base of the ovarioles. RNA-seq based on five stages of ovarian development identified 2657 upregulated genes related to reproduction by pair-to-pair comparison. Gbb, Dpp, piwi, vasa, nanos, VgA and VgR genes associated with cGSCs recognition and reproductive development were screened and verified using qPCR. Silencing of the VgR gene in A. parthenogenetica (Ap-VgR) at ovarian development Stage II led to a low level of gene expression (less than 10%) within 5 days, which resulted in variations in oogenesis-related gene expression and significantly inhibited vitellogenesis, impeded oocyte maturation, and eventually decreased the number of offspring. In conclusion, we have illustrated the patterns of ovarian development, outlined the key spatio-temporal features of oogenesis and identified the negative impacts of VgR gene knockdown on oogenesis using A. parthenogenetica as an experimental animal. The findings of this study also lay a foundation for the further study of reproductive biology of invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Duan
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Shao
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Namin Pan
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin 300221, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoru Du
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Zhou
- Research Center of Modern Analytical Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Sui
- Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
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Sun SX, Liu YC, Limbu SM, Li DL, Chen LQ, Zhang ML, Yin Z, Du ZY. Vitellogenin 1 is essential for fish reproduction by transporting DHA-containing phosphatidylcholine from liver to ovary. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159289. [PMID: 36708962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenins (Vtgs) are essential for female reproduction in oviparous animals, yet the exact roles and mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we knocked out vtg1, which is the most abundant Vtg in zebrafish, Danio rerio via the CRISPR/Cas 9 technology. We aimed to identify the roles of Vtg1 and related mechanisms in reproduction and development. We found that, the Vtg1-deficient female zebrafish reduced gonadosomatic index, egg production, yolk granules and mature follicles in ovary compared to the wide type (WT). Moreover, the Vtg1-deficient zebrafish diminished hatching rates, cumulative survival rate, swimming capacity and food intake, but increased malformation rate, and delayed swim bladder development during embryo and early-larval phases. The Vtg1-deficiency in female broodstock inhibited docosahexaenoic acid-enriched phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC) transportation from liver to ovary, which lowered DHA-PC content in ovary and offspring during larval stage. However, the Vtg1-deficient zebrafish increased gradually the total DHA-PC content via exogeneous food intake, and the differences in swimming capacity and food intake returned to normal as they matured. Furthermore, supplementing Vtg1-deficient zebrafish with dietary PC and DHA partly ameliorated the impaired female reproductive capacity and larval development during early phases. This study indicates that, DHA and PC carried by Vtg1 are crucial for female fecundity, and affect embryo and larval development through maternal-nutrition effects. This is the first study elucidating the nutrient and physiological functions of Vtg1 and the underlying biochemical mechanisms in fish reproduction and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiang Sun
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi-Chan Liu
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Samwel M Limbu
- Department of Aquaculture Technology, School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar as Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Dong-Liang Li
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Kebede M, Fite T. RNA interference (RNAi) applications to the management of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Its current trends and future prospects. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:944774. [PMID: 36158573 PMCID: PMC9490220 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.944774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is among the invasive insect pests that damages maize and sorghum, the high-priority crops in newly colonized agro-ecologies, including African contexts. Owing to the increasing infestation of the pest and the limitations of current conventional methods for its management, there is a call for discovering advanced pest management approaches. RNA interference (RNAi) is an emerging molecular tool showing flexible potential for the management of S. frugiperda. We conducted a search of the recent application of RNAi literature using Google Scholar and Mendeley to find advanced papers on S. frugiperda management using RNAi molecular tools that led to growth inhibition, developmental aberrations, reduced fecundity, and mortality, mainly by disruption of normal biological processes of the pest. Although efforts have been made to accelerate the utility of RNAi, many factors limit the efficiency of RNAi to achieve successful control over S. frugiperda. Owing to RNAi’s potential bioactivity and economic and ecological acceptability, continued research efforts should focus on improving its broad applicability, including field conditions. Screening and identification of key target genes should be a priority task to achieve effective and sustainable management of this insect via RNAi. In addition, a clear understanding of the present status of RNAi utilization in S. frugiperda management is of paramount importance to improve its efficiency. Therefore, in this review, we highlight the biology of S. frugiperda and the RNAi mechanism as a foundation for the molecular management of the pest. Then, we discuss the current knowledge of the RNAi approach in S. frugiperda management and the factors affecting the efficiency of RNAi application. Finally, the prospects for RNAi-based insect pest management are highlighted for future research to achieve effective management of S. frugiperda.
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Bensoussan N, Milojevic M, Bruinsma K, Dixit S, Pham S, Singh V, Zhurov V, Grbić M, Grbić V. Localized efficacy of environmental RNAi in Tetranychus urticae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14791. [PMID: 36042376 PMCID: PMC9427735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental RNAi has been developed as a tool for reverse genetics studies and is an emerging pest control strategy. The ability of environmental RNAi to efficiently down-regulate the expression of endogenous gene targets assumes efficient uptake of dsRNA and its processing. In addition, its efficiency can be augmented by the systemic spread of RNAi signals. Environmental RNAi is now a well-established tool for the manipulation of gene expression in the chelicerate acari, including the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Here, we focused on eight single and ubiquitously-expressed genes encoding proteins with essential cellular functions. Application of dsRNAs that specifically target these genes led to whole mite body phenotypes—dark or spotless. These phenotypes were associated with a significant reduction of target gene expression, ranging from 20 to 50%, when assessed at the whole mite level. Histological analysis of mites treated with orally-delivered dsRNAs was used to investigate the spatial range of the effectiveness of environmental RNAi. Although macroscopic changes led to two groups of body phenotypes, silencing of target genes was associated with the distinct cellular phenotypes. We show that regardless of the target gene tested, cells that displayed histological changes were those that are in direct contact with the dsRNA-containing gut lumen, suggesting that the greatest efficiency of the orally-delivered dsRNAs is localized to gut tissues in T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bensoussan
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.,Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Maja Milojevic
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Kristie Bruinsma
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sameer Dixit
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.,National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sean Pham
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Vladimir Zhurov
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Miodrag Grbić
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Vojislava Grbić
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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Shen GM, Ou SY, Li CZ, Feng KY, Niu JZ, Adang MJ, He L. Transcription factors CncC and Maf connect the molecular network between pesticide resistance and resurgence of pest mites. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:801-816. [PMID: 34586709 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide resistance and resurgence are serious problems often occurring simultaneously in the field. In our long-term study of a fenpropathrin-resistant strain of Tetranychus cinnabaribus, enhancement of detoxification and modified fecundity mechanisms were both observed. Here we investigate the network across these two mechanisms and find a key node between resistance and resurgence. We show that the ecdysone pathway is involved in regulating the fecundity of T. cinnabaribus. The concentration change of ecdysone is consistent with the fecundity curve; the concentration of ecdysone is higher in the fenpropathrin-resistant strain which has stronger fecundity. The enhancement of ecdysone is due to overexpression of two P450 genes (CYP314A1 and CYP315A1) in the ecdysone synthesis pathway. Silencing expression of these CYP genes resulted in lower concentration of ecdysone, reduced expression of vitellogenin, and reduced fecundity of T. cinnabaribus. The expression of CYP315A1 is regulated by transcription factors Cap-n-collar isoform C (CncC) and Musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma protein (Maf), which are involved in regulating other P450 genes functioning in detoxification of fenpropathrin in T. cinnabaribus. A similar regulation is established in citrus pest mite Panonychus citri showing that the CncC pathway regulates expression of PcCYP315A1, which affects mite fecundity. Transcription factors are activated to upregulate detoxification genes facilitating pesticide resistance, while the "one to multiple" regulation mode of transcription factors simultaneously increases expression of metabolic enzyme genes in hormone pathways and alters the physiology of pests. This is an important response of arthropods to pesticides which leads to resistance and population resurgence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Mao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Ou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Yang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Michael J Adang
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Yang ZM, Lu TY, Wu Y, Yu N, Xu GM, Han QQ, Liu ZW. The importance of vitellogenin receptors in the oviposition of the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:443-452. [PMID: 34237799 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is crucial for vitellogenin (Vg) uptake by oocytes. VgR is less known in Arachnida, especially in spiders. Different from only one VgR in an arthropod species, two VgRs, VgR-1 and VgR-2, were found in the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata. Both VgRs had the typical domains of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family except for the absence of the ligand-binding domain 1 in VgR-2. Spatiotemporal expression profiles showed that two VgR genes were consistently highly expressed in females and their ovaries, but VgR-1 was 48-fold that of VgR-2 in ovaries. The transcriptional level of VgR-1 was significantly downregulated by RNAi, but it did not work for VgR-2 although several trials were performed. Vg-1 and Vg-2 might be the ligands of VgR-1 because their expressions were also decreased in the dsVgR-1-treated females. Silencing VgR-1 prolonged the pre-oviposition period by 56 h. The expression of VgRs and Vgs were upregulated by juvenile hormones (JHs), which suggested that JHs were the essential factors to vitellogenesis in the spider. The present study revealed the importance of VgR-1 in the spider oviposition, which will improve the understanding on VgR physiological functions in spiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tian-Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang-Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian-Qian Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ze-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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9
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Nganso BT, Pines G, Soroker V. Insights into gene manipulation techniques for Acari functional genomics. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 143:103705. [PMID: 35134533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Functional genomics is an essential tool for elucidating the structure and function of genes in any living organism. Here, we review the use of different gene manipulation techniques in functional genomics of Acari (mites and ticks). Some of these Acari species inflict severe economic losses to managed crops and health problems to humans, wild and domestic animals, but many also provide important ecosystem services worldwide. Currently, RNA interference (RNAi) is the leading gene expression manipulation tool followed by gene editing via the bacterial type II Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and associated protein 9 system (CRISPR-Cas9). Whilst RNAi, via siRNA, does not always lead to expected outcomes, the exploitations of the CRISPR systems in Acari are still in their infancy and are limited only to CRISP/Cas9 to date. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 and the technical challenges associated with their exploitations. We also compare the biochemical machinery of RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 technologies. We highlight some potential solutions for experimental optimization of each mechanism in gene function studies. The potential benefits of adopting various CRISPR-Cas9 systems for expanding on functional genomics experiments in Acari are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice T Nganso
- Department of Entomology, Chemistry and Nematology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Centre, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
| | - Gur Pines
- Department of Entomology, Chemistry and Nematology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Centre, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
| | - Victoria Soroker
- Department of Entomology, Chemistry and Nematology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Centre, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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10
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Zhenhui W, Qi C, Shuo Y, Shuoyu Y, Qin L, Endong W, Bo Z, Jiale L, Xuenong X. Molecular characterization, expression, and function of Vitellogenin genes in Phytoseiulus persimilis. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2022; 86:343-356. [PMID: 35239074 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vg) is an important factor that impacts oocyte maturation, egg formation and embryonic development in Arthropoda. Two orthologs of Vg gene were obtained from the genome of Phytoseiulus persimilis and termed as PpVg1 and PpVg2. Both orthologs belong to the large lipid transfer protein superfamily. The expression of PpVg1 and PpVg2 was low in immatures and male adults, and increased rapidly in female adults after mating, and reached a peak before the first egg was laid (168× and 20.5× the level in virgin females, respectively). When PpVg1 and PpVg2 were interfered with dsRNA, the relative expression decreased by 81.0 and 30.9%, respectively, and 7.8 and 31.4% interfered individuals died within 24 h. Among surviving individuals, ca. 51.1 and 44.8% are infertile. Factors that might be related to expression of Vg genes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhenhui
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Qi
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Shuo
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Shuoyu
- Beijing Hooseen Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Endong
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Bo
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lv Jiale
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Xuenong
- Lab of Predatory Mites, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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11
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Zhou H, Liu J, Wan F, Guo F, Ning Y, Liu S, Ding W. Insight into the mechanism of action of scoparone inhibiting egg development of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 246:109055. [PMID: 33894369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the mechanisms of action of natural bioactive products against pests is a vital strategy to develop novel promising biopesticides. Scoparone, isolated from Artemisia capillaris, exhibited potent oviposition inhibition activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (a crop-threatening mite pests with strong fecundity). To explore the underlying mechanism, the vitellogenin (Vg) protein content, and Vg gene expression of mites from three consecutive generations of G0 individuals exposed to scoparone were determined, revealing marked inhibition. This study is the first to explore the egg development defect behaviour of mite pests induced by scoparone. The egg-laying inhibition of mites by scoparone was significantly increased by 47.43% compared with that of the control when TcVg was silenced by RNA interference (RNAi), suggesting that egg-development inhibition of female T. cinnabarinus by scoparone was mediated by low Vg gene expression. Furthermore, scoparone bound to the Vg protein in vitro, and its Kd value was 218.9 μM, implying its potential function in inhibiting the egg development of mites by directly targeting the Vg protein. This study will lay the foundation for the future applications of scoparone as an agrochemical for controlling the strong egg-laying capacity mite pests in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fenglin Wan
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fuyou Guo
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yeshuang Ning
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wei Ding
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Ali MW, Khan MM, Song F, Wu L, He L, Wang Z, Zhang ZY, Zhang H, Jiang Y. RNA Interference-Based Silencing of the Chitin Synthase 1 Gene for Reproductive and Developmental Disruptions in Panonychus citri. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11110786. [PMID: 33187256 PMCID: PMC7697958 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The Chitin Synthase 1 gene, when suppressed with RNAi, imparts differences in the structural development, physiology, and synthesis of epidermal chitin, which ultimately leads to the mortality of the target pest. The results presented here will help to illuminate the molecular mechanism and function of the PcCHS1 gene, which regulates the egg-laying potential in adult citrus red mites. Using the leaf dip method, we found that dsRNA was potent and effective, and significantly reduced the egg-laying potential and hatching of citrus red mite eggs. These results show the potential utility of the PcCHS1 gene in the development of novel RNA interference strategies for controlling the citrus red mite. Abstract Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) is an essential gene regulating chitin during different developmental stages of arthropods. In the current study, we explored for the first time the role of CHS1 gene regulation in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae), by silencing its expression using (RNA interference) RNAi-based strategies. The results reveal that P. citri tested in different developmental stages, including larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and adults fed on sweet orange leaves dipped in various concentrations (200, 400, 600, and 800 ng/μL) of dsRNA-PcCHS1, resulted in a continuous reduction in their gene expression, and the extent of transcript knockdown was positively correlated with the concentration of dsRNA. Concentration–mortality response assays revealed a mortality of more than 50% among all the studied developmental stages, except for adulthood. Furthermore, the target gene dsRNA-PcCHS1 treatment of larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and females at a treatment rate of 800 ng/mL of dsRNA significantly decreased the egg-laying rates by 48.50%, 43.79%, 54%, and 39%, respectively, and the hatching rates were also considerably reduced by 64.70%, 70%, 64%, and 52.90%, respectively. Moreover, using the leaf dip method, we found that the RNA interference effectively reduced the PcCHS1 transcript levels by 42.50% and 42.06% in the eggs and adults, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that the RNAi of PcCHS1 can dramatically reduce the survival and fecundity of P. citri, but the dsRNA concentrations and developmental stages can significantly influence the RNAi effects. These findings indicate the potential utility of the PcCHS1 gene in causing developmental irregularities, which could aid in the development of effective and novel RNAi-based strategies for controlling P. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqar Ali
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Fang Song
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ligang He
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhen-yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yingchun Jiang
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (M.W.A.); (F.S.); (L.W.); (L.H.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Y.J.)
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13
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Zhang ZY, Ali MW, Saqib HSA, Liu SX, Yang X, Li Q, Zhang H. A Shift Pattern of Bacterial Communities Across the Life Stages of the Citrus Red Mite, Panonychus citri. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1620. [PMID: 32754145 PMCID: PMC7366552 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most detrimental citrus pests worldwide, the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), shows extraordinary fecundity, polyphagia, and acaricide resistance, which may be influenced by microbes as other arthropod pests. However, the community structure and physiological function of microbes in P. citri are still largely unknown. Here, the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons was employed to identify and compare the profile of bacterial communities across the larva, protonymph, deutonymph, and adult stages of P. citri. We observed a dominance of phylums Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and classes α-, γ-, β-Proteobacteria and Bacilli in the bacterial communities across the host lifespan. Based on the dynamic analysis of the bacterial community structure, a significant shift pattern between the immature (larva, protonymph, and deutonymph) and adult stages was observed. Accordingly, among the major families (and corresponding genera), although the relative abundances of Pseudomonadaceae (Pseudomonas), Moraxellaceae (Acinetobacter), and Sphingobacteriaceae (Sphingobacterium) were consistent in larva to deutonymph stages, they were significantly increased to 30.18 ± 8.76% (30.16 ± 8.75%), 20.78 ± 10.86% (18.80 ± 10.84%), and 11.71 ± 5.49% (11.68 ± 5.48%), respectively, in adult stage, which implied the important function of these bacteria on the adults' physiology. Actually, the functional prediction of bacterial communities and Spearman correlation analysis further confirm that these bacteria had positively correlations with the pathway of "lipid metabolism" (including eight sublevel pathways) and "metabolism of cofactors and vitamins" (including five sublevel pathways), which all only increased in adult stages. In addition, the bacterial communities were eliminated by using broad-spectrum antibiotics, streptomycin, which significantly suppressed the survival and oviposition of P. citri. Overall, we not only confirmed the physiological effects of bacteria community on the vitality and fecundity of adult hosts, but also revealed the shift pattern of bacterial community structures across the life stages and demonstrated the co-enhancements of specific bacterial groups and bacterial functions in nutritional metabolism in P. citri. This study sheds light on basic information about the mutualism between spider mites and bacteria, which may be useful in shaping the next generation of control strategies for spider mite pests, especially P. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Waqar Ali
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Xuan Liu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Wu Y, Liu Q, Weiss B, Kaltenpoth M, Kadowaki T. Honey Bee Suppresses the Parasitic Mite Vitellogenin by Antimicrobial Peptide. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1037. [PMID: 32523577 PMCID: PMC7261897 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The negative effects of honey bee parasitic mites and deformed wing virus (DWV) on honey bee and colony health have been well characterized. However, the relationship between DWV and mites, particularly viral replication inside the mites, remains unclear. Furthermore, the physiological outcomes of honey bee immune responses stimulated by DWV and the mite to the host (honey bee) and perhaps the pathogen/parasite (DWV/mite) are not yet understood. To answer these questions, we studied the tripartite interactions between the honey bee, Tropilaelaps mercedesae, and DWV as the model. T. mercedesae functioned as a vector for DWV without supporting active viral replication. Thus, DWV negligibly affected mite fitness. Mite infestation induced mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), Defensin-1 and Hymenoptaecin, which correlated with DWV copy number in honey bee pupae and mite feeding, respectively. Feeding T. mercedesae with fruit fly S2 cells heterologously expressing honey bee Hymenoptaecin significantly downregulated mite Vitellogenin expression, indicating that the honey bee AMP manipulates mite reproduction upon feeding on bee. Our results provide insights into the mechanism of DWV transmission by the honey bee parasitic mite to the host, and the novel role of AMP in defending against mite infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiushi Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Benjamin Weiss
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tatsuhiko Kadowaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
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15
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In S, Cho H, Lee KW, Won EJ, Lee YM. Cloning and molecular characterization of estrogen-related receptor (ERR) and vitellogenin genes in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis exposed to bisphenol A and its structural analogues. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 154:111063. [PMID: 32319896 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although it has previously been shown that bisphenol (BP) analogues may interfere with the normal hormonal regulation by acting as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), little information is available on effects of BP analogues in invertebrates, particularly on cladocerans. In the present study, we identified estrogen-related receptors (EER), vitellogenin (VTG), and VTG receptor (VtgR) from the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis, and examined the effects of BPA and the substitutes, BPF and BPS, in different sublethal concentrations. Gene expression varied with time well matched with brooding, suggesting that DcEER, DcVTG, and DcVtgR play a role in reproduction in D. celebensis. qRT-PCR analysis showed that BPA and its substitutes differently modulated mRNA expressions of DcEER, DcVTG, and DcVtgR, indicating that these compounds adversely affect the normal reproduction-related pathway. This study facilitates better understanding of the molecular mode of action of BP analogues on the reproductive system of D. celebensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon In
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Youngdo, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Science & Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Liu L, Zhang KJ, Rong X, Li YY, Liu H. Identification of Wolbachia-Responsive miRNAs in the Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Front Physiol 2019; 10:928. [PMID: 31396100 PMCID: PMC6668040 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laodelphax striatellus is naturally infected with the Wolbachia strain wStri, which induces strong cytoplasmic incompatibility of its host. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level in various biological processes. Despite various studies reporting that Wolbachia affects the miRNA expression of their hosts, the molecular mechanism underlying interactions between Wolbachia and their host miRNAs has not been well understood. In order to better understand the impact of Wolbachia infection on its host, we investigated the differentially expressed miRNAs between Wolbachia-infected and Wolbachia-uninfected strains of L. striatellus. Compared with uninfected strains, Wolbachia infection resulted in up-regulation of 18 miRNAs and down-regulation of 6 miRNAs in male, while 25 miRNAs were up-regulated and 15 miRNAs were down-regulated in female. The target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs involved in immune response regulation, reproduction, redox homeostasis and ecdysteroidogenesis were also annotated in both sexes. We further verified the expression of several significantly differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted target genes by qRT-PCR method. The results suggested that Wolbachia appears to reduce the expression of genes related to fertility in males and increase the expression of genes related to fecundity in females. At the same time, Wolbachia may enhance the expression of immune-related genes in both sexes. All of the results in this study may be helpful in further exploration of the molecular mechanisms by which Wolbachia affects on its hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Rong
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Niu J, Shen G, Christiaens O, Smagghe G, He L, Wang J. Beyond insects: current status and achievements of RNA interference in mite pests and future perspectives. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2680-2687. [PMID: 29749092 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mites comprise a group of key agricultural pests on a wide range of crops. They cause harm through feeding on the plant and transferring dangerous pathogens, and the rapid evolution of pesticide resistance in mites highlights the need for novel control methods. Currently, RNA interference (RNAi) shows great potential for insect pest control. Here, we review the literature regarding RNAi in mite pests. We discuss different target genes and RNAi efficiency in various mite species, a promising Varroa control program using RNAi, the synergy of RNAi with plant defense mechanisms and microorganisms, and current understanding of systemic movement of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). On the basis of this evidence, we can conclude that there is clear potential for application of RNAi-based mite control, but further research on several aspects of RNAi in mites is needed, including: (i) the factors influencing RNAi efficiency, (ii) the mechanism of environmental RNAi and cross-kingdom dsRNA trafficking, (iii) the mechanism of possible systemic and parental RNAi, and (iv) non-target effects, specifically in predatory mites, which should be considered during RNAi target selection. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangmao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Olivier Christiaens
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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