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Meng Y, Yang D, Jiang X, Bando Y, Wang X. Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Polymeric Composites Using Hexagonal Boron Nitride: Design Strategies and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:331. [PMID: 38392704 PMCID: PMC10893155 DOI: 10.3390/nano14040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
With the integration and miniaturization of chips, there is an increasing demand for improved heat dissipation. However, the low thermal conductivity (TC) of polymers, which are commonly used in chip packaging, has seriously limited the development of chips. To address this limitation, researchers have recently shown considerable interest in incorporating high-TC fillers into polymers to fabricate thermally conductive composites. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has emerged as a promising filler candidate due to its high-TC and excellent electrical insulation. This review comprehensively outlines the design strategies for using h-BN as a high-TC filler and covers intrinsic TC and morphology effects, functionalization methods, and the construction of three-dimensional (3D) thermal conduction networks. Additionally, it introduces some experimental TC measurement techniques of composites and theoretical computational simulations for composite design. Finally, the review summarizes some effective strategies and possible challenges for the design of h-BN fillers. This review provides researchers in the field of thermally conductive polymeric composites with a comprehensive understanding of thermal conduction and constructive guidance on h-BN design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Meng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures (NLSSM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures (NLSSM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiangfen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yoshio Bando
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Xuebin Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures (NLSSM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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2
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Li P, Li Z, Jiang P, Huang X. On-Demand Preparation of Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Functional Nanocomposites. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301386. [PMID: 38236164 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) have garnered significant attention across diverse fields; however, accomplishing on-demand, large-scale, and highly efficient preparation of BNNSs remains a challenge. Here, an on-demand preparation (OdP) method combining high-pressure homogenization and short-time ultrasonication is presented; it enables a highly efficient and controllable preparation of BNNSs from bulk hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). The homogenization pressure and number of cycles are adjusted, and the production efficiency and yield of BNNSs reach 0.95 g g-1 h-1 and 82.8%, respectively, which significantly exceed those attained by using existing methods. The universality of the OdP method is demonstrated on h-BN raw materials of various bulk sizes from various producers. Furthermore, this method allows the preparation of BNNSs having specific sizes based on the final requirements. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that large BNNSs are particularly suitable for enhancing the thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties of dielectric polymer nanocomposites. Interestingly, the small BNNS-filled photonic nanocomposite films fabricated via the OdP method exhibit superior daytime radiative cooling properties. Additionally, the OdP method offers the benefits of low energy consumption and reduced greenhouse gas emissions and fossil energy use. These findings underscore the unique advantages of the OdP method over other techniques for a high-efficiency and controllable preparation of large BNNSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yijie Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengli Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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3
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Martínez-Jiménez C, Chow A, Smith McWilliams AD, Martí AA. Hexagonal boron nitride exfoliation and dispersion. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16836-16873. [PMID: 37850487 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03941b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Research on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) 2-dimensional nanostructures has gained traction due to their unique chemical, thermal, and electronic properties. However, to make use of these exceptional properties and fabricate macroscopic materials, hBN often needs to be exfoliated and dispersed in a solvent. In this review, we provide an overview of the many different methods that have been used for dispersing hBN. The approaches that will be covered in this review include solvents, covalent functionalization, acids and bases, surfactants and polymers, biomolecules, intercalating agents, and thermal expansion. The properties of the exfoliated sheets obtained and the dispersions are discussed, and an overview of the work in the field throughout the years is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Chow
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | | | - Angel A Martí
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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4
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Liu W, Zheng X, Xu Q. Supercritical CO 2 Directional-Assisted Synthesis of Low-Dimensional Materials for Functional Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301097. [PMID: 37093220 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical CO2 (SC CO2 ), as one of the unique fluids that possess fascinating properties of gas and liquid, holds great promise in chemical reactions and fabrication of materials. Building special nanostructures via SC CO2 for functional applications has been the focus of intense research for the past two decades, with facile regulated reaction conditions and a particular reaction field to operate compared to the more widely used solvent systems. In this review, the significance of SC CO2 on fabricating various functional materials including modification of 1D carbon nanotubes, 2D materials, and 2D heterostructures is stated. The fundamental aspects involving building special nanostructures via SC CO2 are explored: how their structure, morphology, and chemical composition be affected by the SC CO2 . Various optimization strategies are outlined to improve their performances, and recent advances are combined to present a coherent understanding of the mechanism of SC CO2 acting on these functional nanostructures. The wide applications of these special nanostructures in catalysis, biosensing, optoelectronics, microelectronics, and energy transformation are discussed. Moreover, the current status of SC CO2 research, the existing scientific issues, and application challenges, as well as the possible future directions to advance this fertile field are proposed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Qun Xu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Shi J, Mao L, Lu B, Kang X, Jin H. Base- or acid-assisted polystyrene plastic degradation in supercritical CO 2. WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2023; 5:1-11. [PMID: 37359813 PMCID: PMC10023313 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Plastic has caused serious "white pollution" to the environment, and the highly inert characteristics of plastic bring a major challenge for degradation. Supercritical fluids have unique physical properties and have been widely used in various fields. In this work, supercritical CO2 (Sc-CO2) with mild conditions was selected and assisted by NaOH/HCl solution to degrade polystyrene (PS) plastic, and the reaction model was designed using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that, regardless of the types of assistance solutions, the factors affecting PS degradation efficiencies were reaction temperature, reaction time, and NaOH/HCl concentration. At the temperature of 400 °C, time of 120 min, and base/acid concentration of 5% (in weight), 0.15 g PS produced 126.88/116.99±5 mL of gases with 74.18/62.78±5 mL of H2, and consumed 81.2/71.5±5 mL of CO2. Sc-CO2 created a homogeneous environment, which made PS highly dispersed and uniformly heated, thus promoting the degradation of PS. Moreover, Sc-CO2 also reacted with the degradation products to produce new CO and more CH4 and C2Hx (x=4, 6). Adding NaOH/HCl solution not only improved the solubility of PS in Sc-CO2, but also provided a base/acid environment that reduced the activation energy of the reaction, and effectively improved the degradation efficiencies of PS. In short, degrading PS in Sc-CO2 is feasible, and better results are obtained with the assistance of base/acid solution, which can provide a reference for the disposal of waste plastics in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42768-023-00139-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Jinwen Shi
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Liuhao Mao
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Bingru Lu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Xing Kang
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Hui Jin
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
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Agbabiaka OG, Adegun MH, Chan KY, Zhang H, Shen X, Kim JK. BN-PVDF/rGO-PVDF Laminate Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4492. [PMID: 36558346 PMCID: PMC9781690 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for high energy storage devices calls for concurrently enhanced dielectric constants and reduced dielectric losses of polymer dielectrics. In this work, we rationally design dielectric composites comprising aligned 2D nanofillers of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) in a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix through a novel press-and-fold technique. Both nanofillers play different yet complementary roles: while rGO is designed to enhance the dielectric constant through charge accumulation at the interfaces with polymer, BNNS suppress the dielectric loss by preventing the mobility of free electrons. The microlaminate containing eight layers each of rGO/PVDF and BNNS/PVDF films exhibits remarkable dielectric performance with a dielectric constant of 147 and an ultralow dielectric loss of 0.075, due to the synergistic effect arising from the alternatingly electrically conductive and insulating films. Consequently, a maximum energy density of 3.5 J/cm3-about 18 times the bilayer composite counterpart-is realized. The high thermal conductivities of both nanofillers and their alignment endow the microlaminate with an excellent in-plane thermal conductivity of 6.53 Wm-1K-1, potentially useful for multifunctional applications. This work offers a simple but effective approach to fabricating a composite for high dielectric energy storage using two different 2D nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okikiola Ganiu Agbabiaka
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miracle Hope Adegun
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kit-Ying Chan
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jang-Kyo Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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7
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Hafeez A, Karim ZA, Ismail AF, Jamil A, Mohammad Said KA, Ali A. Tuneable molecular selective boron nitride nanosheet ultrafiltration lamellar membrane for dye exclusion to remediate the environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135066. [PMID: 35623426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Smart tuning of the membrane's porous nanostructures offers an effective strategy for creating state-of-the-art, high-performance separation membranes. In aqueous solution, polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafted boron nitride PEGX-g-(f-BN) nanosheets exhibit high permeance and excellent molecular sieving. The molecular selectivity of the PEGX-g-(f-BN) lamellar membrane is controlled by the nanopores, which can be tuned by modulating the interplanar spacing between the nanosheets. Herein, the interplanar spacing of h-BN nanosheets is enhanced in the range of 0.334-0.348 nm through grafting different molecular weight PEG. Moreover, the grafted PEG instigates a synergistic effect on the nanosheets in two ways. Firstly, through PEG intercalation, the interlayer spacing of the (002) plane could be adjusted without significant deterioration to the hexagonal crystallographic structure. Secondly, intercalated PEG in BN nanosheets reflects in terms of improved h-BN wettability through transformation to hydrophilic surface characteristics (small contact angle of 36-39°). The fabricated PEGX-g-(f-BN) lamellar membrane acquires stable and interconnected nanopores and nanochannels with an average pore diameter of 1.36-2.19 nm. Permeance-exclusion trade-off manipulation through methodical approaches of PEGX-g-(f-BN) decoration thickness and interplanar spacing is exploited to build a better understanding of water transport behavior. PEGX-g-(f-BN) lamellar membranes show unprecedented permeance of ∼1253 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 with a steady methyl blue (MB) exclusion of 98.9% even in different pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Hafeez
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Materials, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan
| | - Zulhairun Abdul Karim
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Asif Jamil
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (New Campus), 54890, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khairul Anwar Mohammad Said
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Abulhassan Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Yu K, Chen X, Xiang H, Lu B, Yin J. Preparation of graphene by supercritical CO2 circulating exfoliation with a jet cavitation. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Yang Z, Zhang R, Zhou Z. The XTH Gene Family in Schima superba: Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiles, and Functional Interaction Network Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:911761. [PMID: 35783982 PMCID: PMC9243642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.911761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH), belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 16, is one of the key enzymes in plant cell wall remodeling. Schima superba is an important timber and fireproof tree species in southern China. However, little is known about XTHs in S. superba. In the present study, a total of 34 SsuXTHs were obtained, which were classified into three subfamilies based on the phylogenetic relationship and unevenly distributed on 18 chromosomes. Furthermore, the intron-exon structure and conserved motif composition of them supported the classification and the members belonging to the same subfamily shared similar gene structures. Segmental and tandem duplication events did not lead to SsuXTH gene family expansion, and strong purifying selection pressures during evolution led to similar structure and function of SsuXTH gene family. The interaction network and cis-acting regulatory elements analysis revealed the SsuXTH expression might be regulated by multiple hormones, abiotic stresses and transcription factors. Finally, expression profiles and GO enrichment analysis showed most of the tandem repeat genes were mainly expressed in the phloem and xylem and they mainly participated in glycoside metabolic processes through the transfer and hydrolysis of xyloglucan in the cell wall and then regulated fiber elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Zhang,
| | - Zhichun Zhou
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Hangzhou, China
- Zhichun Zhou,
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10
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Paul A, Chatterjee A, Subrahmanya S, Shen G, Mishra N. NHX Gene Family in Camellia sinensis: In-silico Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiles, and Regulatory Network Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:777884. [PMID: 34987532 PMCID: PMC8720784 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.777884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress affects the plant growth and productivity worldwide and NHX is one of those genes that are well known to improve salt tolerance in transgenic plants. It is well characterized in several plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and cotton; however, not much is known about NHXs in tea plant. In the present study, NHX genes of tea were obtained through a genome-wide search using A. thaliana as reference genome. Out of the 9 NHX genes in tea, 7 genes were localized in vacuole while the remaining 2 genes were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER; CsNHX8) and plasma membrane (PM; CsNHX9), respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships along with structural analysis which includes gene structure, location, and protein-conserved motifs and domains were systematically examined and further, predictions were validated by the expression analysis. The dN/dS values show that the majority of tea NHX genes is subjected to strong purifying selection under the course of evolution. Also, functional interaction was carried out in Camellia sinensis based on the orthologous genes in A. thaliana. The expression profiles linked to various stress treatments revealed wide involvement of NHX genes from tea in response to various abiotic factors. This study provides the targets for further comprehensive identification, functional study, and also contributed for a better understanding of the NHX regulatory network in C. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guoxin Shen
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Neelam Mishra
- Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College Autonomous, Bangalore, India
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Meziani MJ, Sheriff K, Parajuli P, Priego P, Bhattacharya S, Rao AM, Quimby JL, Qiao R, Wang P, Hwu SJ, Wang Z, Sun YP. Advances in Studies of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Nanocomposites for Thermal Transport and Related Applications. Chemphyschem 2021; 23:e202100645. [PMID: 34626067 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and exfoliated nanosheets (BNNs) not only resemble their carbon counterparts graphite and graphene nanosheets in structural configurations and many excellent materials characteristics, especially the ultra-high thermal conductivity, but also offer other unique properties such as being electrically insulating and extreme chemical stability and oxidation resistance even at elevated temperatures. In fact, BNNs as a special class of 2-D nanomaterials have been widely pursued for technological applications that are beyond the reach of their carbon counterparts. Highlighted in this article are significant recent advances in the development of more effective and efficient exfoliation techniques for high-quality BNNs, the understanding of their characteristic properties, and the use of BNNs in polymeric nanocomposites for thermally conductive yet electrically insulating materials and systems. Major challenges and opportunities for further advances in the relevant research field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed J Meziani
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA.,Department of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, Missouri, 64468, USA
| | - Kirkland Sheriff
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Prakash Parajuli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Paul Priego
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Sriparna Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Apparao M Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson Nanomaterials Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Jesse L Quimby
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Rui Qiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Shiou-Jyh Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Zhengdong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
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12
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Sun Y, Niu G, Ren W, Meng X, Zhao J, Luo W, Ye ZG, Xie YH. Hybrid System Combining Two-Dimensional Materials and Ferroelectrics and Its Application in Photodetection. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10982-11013. [PMID: 34184877 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors are one of the most important components for a future "Internet-of-Things" information society. Compared to the mainstream semiconductor-based photodetectors, emerging devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and ferroelectrics as well as their hybrid systems have been extensively studied in recent decades due to their outstanding performances and related interesting physical, electrical, and optoelectronic phenomena. In this paper, we review the photodetection based on 2D materials and ferroelectric hybrid systems. The fundamentals of 2D and ferroelectric materials as well as the interaction in the hybrid system will be introduced. Ferroelectricity modulated optoelectronic properties in the hybrid system will be discussed in detail. After the basics and figures of merit of photodetectors are summarized, the 2D-ferroelectrics devices with different structures including p-n diodes, Schottky diodes, and field-effect transistors will be reviewed and compared. The polarization of ferroelectrics offers the possibility of the modulation and enhancement of the photodetection in the hybrid detectors, which will be discussed in depth. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the photodetectors based on 2D ferroelectrics will be proposed. This Review outlines the important aspects of the recent development of the hybrid system of 2D and ferroelectric materials, which could interact with each other and thus lead to photodetectors with higher performances. Such a Review will be helpful for the research of emerging physical phenomena and for the design of multifunctional nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Sun
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Gang Niu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ren
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Meng
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhao
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Guang Ye
- Department of Chemistry and 4D Laboratories, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ya-Hong Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90024, California, United States
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13
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Liu W, Xu Q, Zhou Y. CO 2-assisted fabrication of two-dimensional amorphous transition metal oxides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2048-2052. [PMID: 31989128 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04651h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This Frontier presents the recent developments and applications of two-dimensional (2D) amorphous transition metal oxides (TMOs) obtained by using supercritical CO2. CO2 molecules can affect the crystal transformation of layered materials and allow diffusive atomic disordering during the exfoliation process. If amorphous structures are introduced into TMOs, the strong localization tail states that exist in the band gap of TMOs can effectively promote chemical reactions. We also discuss the future challenges to be overcome for this class of supercritical CO2 and 2D amorphous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R.China
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14
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Liu Z, Li J, Liu X. Novel Functionalized BN Nanosheets/Epoxy Composites with Advanced Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6503-6515. [PMID: 31933354 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The effective dissipation of heat is critical to the performance and longevity of high-power electronics, so it is important to prepare highly thermally conductive polymer-based packaging materials for efficient thermal management. Due to the excellent thermal conductivity of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) powder was dissolved in a mixed solution of isopropanol and deionized water for ultrasonic exfoliation to obtain hydroxylated BN nanosheets. Then, the prepared BNNS was functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) to enhance its dispersibility and interfacial compatibility in the epoxy resin, which play an important role in the improvement of the thermal conductivity of the composites. Finally, APTES-BNNS was uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin by solvent mixing, and the oriented APTES-BNNS/epoxy composites were prepared through spin-coating and hot-pressing methods. It was found that APTES-BNNS/epoxy composites prepared herein exhibited significant anisotropic thermal conductivity. The results show that the thermal conductivity of APTES-BNNS/epoxy composites reached 5.86 W/mK at a filler content of 40 wt % and these composites have favorable thermal stability and mechanical properties. The APTES-BNNS/epoxy composite prepared in this paper has excellent thermal management capability and can be applied to the packaging of high-power electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Junhui Li
- School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
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15
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Sun Z, Fan Q, Zhang M, Liu S, Tao H, Texter J. Supercritical Fluid-Facilitated Exfoliation and Processing of 2D Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901084. [PMID: 31572648 PMCID: PMC6760473 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Since the first intercalation of layered silicates by using supercritical CO2 as a processing medium, considerable efforts have been dedicated to intercalating and exfoliating layered two-dimensional (2D) materials in various supercritical fluids (SCFs) to yield single- and few-layer nanosheets. Here, recent work in this area is highlighted. Motivating factors for enhancing exfoliation efficiency and product quality in SCFs, mechanisms for exfoliation and dispersion in SCFs, as well as general metrics applied to assess quality and processability of exfoliated 2D materials are critically discussed. Further, advances in formation and application of 2D material-based composites with assistance from SCFs are presented. These discussions address chemical transformations accompanying SCF processing such as doping, covalent surface modification, and heterostructure formation. Promising features, challenges, and routes to expanding SCF processing techniques are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Qun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Mingli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Shizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Hengcong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - John Texter
- School of Engineering TechnologyEastern Michigan UniversityYpsilantiMI48197USA
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16
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Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of Epoxy Composites Filled with 2D Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) with Ultralow Loading. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9135. [PMID: 31235757 PMCID: PMC6591414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of electronic devices such as integrated circuits toward the continual increase in power density and consumption, the efficient heat dissipation and low thermal expansion of materials become one of the most important issue. However, conventional polymers have the problem of poor thermal dissipation performance, which hinder application for electronic devices. In this work, the two-dimensional material, MXene (Ti3C2), is used as the reinforcement additive to optimize the thermal properties of polymers. We reported the preparation of multilayer Ti3C2 MXene by HF etching method and obtained few-layer Ti3C2 MXene by simple ultrasonication. Meanwhile, Ti3C2/epoxy composites were prepared by a solution blending method. The results show that the thermal properties of the composites are improved in comparison with the neat epoxy. Thermal conductivity value (0.587 W/mK) of epoxy composite with only 1.0 wt% Ti3C2 MXene fillers, is increased by 141.3% compared with that of neat epoxy. In addition, the composite presents an increased glass transition temperature, high thermal stability and lower coefficient of thermal expansion. This work is of great significance for the research of high-performance composite materials.
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17
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Implication of thermally conductive nanodiamond-interspersed graphite nanoplatelet hybrids in thermoset composites with superior thermal management capability. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2893. [PMID: 30814624 PMCID: PMC6393528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel hybrid nanofillers composed of nanodiamond-attached graphite nanoplatelets (ND@GNPs) were designed and employed to toughen the epoxy (EP) matrix for fabricating superior thermal conductive and physically robust thermoset nanocomposites for electronics and auto industries. The hybrid nanofiller was covalently bonded by 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and it provided distinct enhancement in thermal conductivity and dynamic storage modulus of the EP/ND@GNPs nanocomposites attributing to the unique nanostructure of ND@GNPs that can form strong interfacial interaction with EP matrix, thus restrict the EP molecular motions. The EP/ND@GNPs20 presented a thermal conductivity of 2.48 W · m-1 · K-1 and dynamic storage modulus of 5.6 GPa. The presence of ND particles not only can enhance heat transfer efficiency but also improve the interfacial interaction between ND and EP matrix, which can directly affect physical properties of the EP composites.
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18
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Liu W, Xu Q. CO 2 -Assisted Conversion of Crystal Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Oxide to Amorphism with Plasmon Resonances. Chemistry 2018; 24:13693-13700. [PMID: 29676819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of ultra-thin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have opened up a new regime in plasmonics in the last several years. 2D plasmonic materials are currently concentrated on the crystal structure, with amorphous materials hardly being reported because of their limited preparation methods rather than undesired plasmonic properties. Taking molybdenum oxides as an example, herein, we elaborate the 2D amorphous plasmons prepared with the assistance of supercritical CO2 . In brief, we examine the reported characteristic plasmonic properties of molybdenum oxides, and applications of supercritical CO2 in formations of 2D layer materials as well as introduced phase and disorder engineering based on our research. Furthermore, we propose our perspective on the development of 2D plasmons, especially for amorphous layer materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Qun Xu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
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