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Di Napoli M, Castagliuolo G, Badalamenti N, Vaglica A, Ilardi V, Varcamonti M, Bruno M, Zanfardino A. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Italian Prangos trifida (Mill.) Herrnst. & Heyn. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3772-3786. [PMID: 36458824 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2151062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the essential oil of the aerial parts of a not previously investigated accession of Prangos trifida (Mill.) Herrnst. & Heyn (Apiaceae), collected in Northern Italy, was analysed by GC/MS. Twenty-five compounds were identified, accounting for 91.30% of the total oil, which is characterised by a high content of monoterpene hydrocarbons (71.26%). The main constituents of the essential oil were cis-β-ocimene (18.12%), α-phellandrene (12.14%), sylvestrene (11.32%), p-mentha-1,3,8-triene (9.56%) and α-pinene (8.85%). The essential oil of P. trifida showed a good antimicrobial activity directed above all against Gram-positive bacteria, and had an interesting antioxidant activity, thus making it an excellent candidate for future cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Ilardi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Vittoria M, Saggese A, Isticato R, Baccigalupi L, Ricca E. Probiotics as an Alternative to Antibiotics: Genomic and Physiological Characterization of Aerobic Spore Formers from the Human Intestine. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1978. [PMID: 37630538 PMCID: PMC10458579 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of thirty-two aerobic spore former strains were isolated from intestinal samples of healthy children and analyzed for their hemolytic and antibiotic-resistant activities. Four strains selected as non-hemolytic and sensitive to all antibiotics recommended as relevant by regulatory agencies were short-listed and evaluated for their in silico and in vitro probiotic potentials. The four selected strains were assigned to the Bacillus velezensis (MV4 and MV11), B. subtilis (MV24), and Priestia megaterium (formerly Bacillus megaterium) (MV30) species. A genomic analysis indicated that MV4, MV11, and MV24 contained a homolog of the gene coding for the fibrinolytic enzyme nattokinase while only MV30 encoded a glutamic acid decarboxylase essential to synthesize the neurotransmitter GABA. All four strains contained gene clusters potentially coding for new antimicrobials, showed strong antioxidant activity, formed biofilm, and produced/secreted quorum-sensing peptides able to induce a cytoprotective stress response in a model of human intestinal (HT-29) cells. Altogether, genomic and physiological data indicate that the analyzed strains do not pose safety concerns and have in vitro probiotic potentials allowing us to propose their use as an alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (A.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Anella Saggese
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (A.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Rachele Isticato
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (A.S.); (R.I.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Loredana Baccigalupi
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy;
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ezio Ricca
- Department of Biology, Federico II University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (A.S.); (R.I.)
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Peng X, Zhu X, Luan J, Lin J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhao G. Lipoxin A4 alleviates inflammation in Aspergillus fumigatus-stimulated human corneal epithelial cells by Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Mol Vis 2022; 28:441-450. [PMID: 36601409 PMCID: PMC9767844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the therapeutic effect of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus)-stimulated human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Methods The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was performed in HCECs to evaluate the toxicity of LXA4. A cell scratch test was used to assess the impact of LXA4 on the migration of HCECs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot were applied to examine the expression of inflammatory mediators in A. fumigatus-stimulated HCECs. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and expression in HCECs were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Results LXA4 at 0-10 nmol·L-1 (nM) had no significant cytotoxic effect on HCECs. LXA4 at a concentration of 1 nM and 10 nM significantly promoted the migration rate of HCECs. The mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, were remarkably lower in the LXA4-treated group. LXA4 promoted the expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in A. fumigatus-stimulated HCECs compared with the PBS control group. Pretreatment with brusatol (BT, Nrf2 inhibitor) or Zine Protoporphyrin (Znpp, HO-1 inhibitor) receded the anti-inflammatory ability of LXA4. Conclusions LXA4 plays a protective role in A. fumigatus-stimulated HCECs by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | | | - Junjie Luan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Comparative Genomics and Physiological Characterization of Two Aerobic Spore Formers Isolated from Human Ileal Samples. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314946. [PMID: 36499272 PMCID: PMC9739757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spore formers are ubiquitous microorganisms commonly isolated from most environments, including the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of insects and animals. Spores ingested as food and water contaminants safely transit the stomach and reach the intestine, where some of them germinate and temporarily colonize that niche. In the lower part of the GIT, they re-sporulate and leave the body as spores, therefore passing through their entire life cycle in the animal body. In the intestine, both un-germinated spores and germination-derived cells interact with intestinal and immune cells and have health-beneficial effects, which include the production of useful compounds, protection against pathogenic microorganisms, contribution to the development of an efficient immune system and modulation of the gut microbial composition. We report a genomic and physiological characterization of SF106 and SF174, two aerobic spore former strains previously isolated from ileal biopsies of healthy human volunteers. SF106 and SF174 belong respectively to the B. subtilis and Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) species, are unable to produce toxins or other metabolites with cytotoxic activity against cultured human cells, efficiently bind mucin and human epithelial cells in vitro and produce molecules with antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities.
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Badalamenti N, Maresca V, Di Napoli M, Bruno M, Basile A, Zanfardino A. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Prangos ferulacea Essential Oils. Molecules 2022; 27:7430. [PMID: 36364254 PMCID: PMC9657548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl, which belongs to the Apiaceae family, is a species that mainly grows in the eastern Mediterranean region and in western Asia. It has been largely used in traditional medicine in several countries and it has been shown to possess several interesting biological properties. With the aim to provide new insights into the phytochemistry and pharmacology of this species, the essential oils of flowers and leaves from a local accession that grows in Sicily (Italy) and has not yet been previously studied were investigated. The chemical composition of both oils, obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves and flowers, was evaluated by GC-MS. This analysis allowed us to identify a new chemotype, characterized by a large amount of (Z)-β-ocimene. Furthermore, these essential oils have been tested for their possible antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. P. ferulacea essential oils exhibit moderate antimicrobial activity; in particular, the flower essential oil is harmful at low and wide spectrum concentrations. They also exhibit good antioxidant activity in vitro and in particular, it has been shown that the essential oils of the flowers and leaves of P. ferulacea caused a decrease in ROS and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in OZ-stimulated PMNs. Therefore, these essential oils could be considered as promising candidates for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Napolitano A, Di Napoli M, Castagliuolo G, Badalamenti N, Cicio A, Bruno M, Piacente S, Maresca V, Cianciullo P, Capasso L, Bontempo P, Varcamonti M, Basile A, Zanfardino A. The chemical composition of the aerial parts of Stachys spreitzenhoferi (Lamiaceae) growing in Kythira Island (Greece), and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113373. [PMID: 35977603 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Stachys L. genus has been used in traditional medicine to treat skin inflammations, stomach disorders, and stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical profile and biological activity of the methanolic extract of Stachys spreitzenhoferi Heldr. (Lamiaceae) aerial parts, collected on the island of Kythira, South Greece. The analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry [LC-(-)ESI/HRMSn] of the methanol extract revealed the occurrence of thirty-six compounds - flavonoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoids, quinic acid derivatives, aliphatic alcohol glycosides, and oligosaccharides - highlighting the substantial presence, as main peaks, of the iridoid melittoside (2) along with flavonoid compounds such as 4'-O-methylisoscutellarein mono-acetyl-diglycoside/chrysoeriol mono-acetyl-diglycoside (24), trimethoxy- (35) and tetramethoxyflavones (36). This extract was tested for its antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive and negative pathogenic strains. The extract was not active against Gram-negative bacteria tested, but it possessed a good dose-dependent antimicrobial activity towards S. aureus (MIC: 1.0 mg/mL) and L. monocytogenes (MIC: 1.0 mg/mL) Gram-(+) strains. Furthermore, this extract has been tested for its possible antioxidant activity in vitro. In particular, it has been shown that these molecules cause a decrease in DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radicals. The extract of S. spreitzenhoferi exhibited anti-DPPH activity (IC50: 0.17 mg/mL), anti-H2O2 activity (IC50: 0.125 mg/mL), and promising antiradical effect with an IC50 value of 0.18 mg/mL for anti-ABTS activity. S. spreitzenhoferi extract caused a decrease in ROS (at the concentration of 200 μg/mL) and an increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPX in OZ-stimulated PMNs. Furthermore, it exhibited antiproliferative activity against acute myeloid leukemia (U937 cell), causing 50% of cell death at the 0.75 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Napolitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Giusy Castagliuolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adele Cicio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7,80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7,80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy.
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
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Dabiré Y, Somda NS, Somda MK, Compaoré CB, Mogmenga I, Ezeogu LI, Traoré AS, Ugwuanyi JO, Dicko MH. Assessment of probiotic and technological properties of Bacillus spp. isolated from Burkinabe Soumbala. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:228. [PMID: 36175837 PMCID: PMC9523936 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soumbala is a highly loved alkaline traditional fermented food condiment in Burkina Faso. It harbors various microbiota dominated by fermentative Bacillus spp. as functional microorganism with little confirmed health-promoting properties. METHODS The present study aimed to evaluate six Bacillus strains previously isolated and identified from soumbala. These strains were selected as presumptively safe bacteria for probiotic and technological characteristics. These strains were assessed for in vitro probiotic criteria (tolerance to acidic pH, gastric juice, 0.3% (m/v) bile salts, intestinal juice and 0.4% (w/v) phenol, cell surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation capacity, antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm production) and technological properties, including protease, amylase, lipase, and tannase activity, as well as poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) production and thermo-tolerance. RESULTS All tested Bacillus strains (B54, F20, F24, F21, F26 and F44) presented variable relevant probiotic properties (good tolerance to pH 2 and pH 4, gastric juice, bile salts, intestinal juice and phenol), with marked differences in hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation capacity ranging from 73.62-94.71% and 49.35-92.30%, respectively. They exhibited a broad spectrum of activity against foodborne pathogens depending on target pathogen, with the highest activity exhibited by strain F20 (29.52 mm) against B. cereus 39 (p < 0.001). They also showed good biofilm production as well as variable hydrolytic enzyme activities, including protease (43.00-60.67 mm), amylase (22.59-49.55 mm), lipase (20.02-24.57 mm), and tannase (0-10.67 mm). All tested Bacillus strains tolerated temperature up to 50 °C, while only strains F26 and F44 showed the best PGA production. CONCLUSION Overall, the tested cultures exhibiting potential probiotic and technological characteristics; particularly B. cereus F20, B. benzoevorans F21, B. cabrialessi F26, and B. tequilensis F44 could be a source of probiotic-starters of commercial interest in the production of high-quality soumbala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yérobessor Dabiré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso ,grid.10757.340000 0001 2108 8257Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Enugu state, 410001 Nigeria
| | - Namwin Siourimè Somda
- grid.433132.40000 0001 2165 6445Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) / Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) / Direction Régional de L’Ouest, 03 B.P.2393 Bobo - Dioulasso 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Marius K. Somda
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso ,Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM), Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Clarisse B. Compaoré
- grid.433132.40000 0001 2165 6445Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) / Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), 03 B.P. 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Iliassou Mogmenga
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM), Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Lewis I. Ezeogu
- grid.10757.340000 0001 2108 8257Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Enugu state, 410001 Nigeria
| | - Alfred S. Traoré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso ,Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne (LAMBM), Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso ,grid.508517.eLaboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR-ST), Université Aube Nouvelle, 01 P.B. 234 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Jerry O. Ugwuanyi
- grid.10757.340000 0001 2108 8257Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN), Enugu state, 410001 Nigeria
| | - Mamoudou H. Dicko
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.B. 7031 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
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Babenko LP, Tymoshok NO, Safronova LA, Demchenko OM, Zaitseva GM, Lazarenko LM, Spivak MJ. Antimicrobial and therapeutic effect of probiotics in cases of experimental purulent wounds. BIOSYSTEMS DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15421/012203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics based on bacteria of the genus Bacillus with a multifactorial mechanism of action are considered as a possible alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of purulent wounds. The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial and therapeutic effect of the Arederma probiotic preparation containing probiotic strains of the genus Bacillus in an experimental model of a purulent wound in animals. The antimicrobial efficacy of the probiotic against test strains and clinical isolates of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms was studied using the method of delayed antagonism. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Streptococcus pyogenes K-7 were used to model a purulent wound. From the surface of the wounds, bacteria of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas genera and Enterobacteriaceae family were sown on appropriate selective media for the cultivation and enumeration of different groups of microorganisms by generally accepted microbiological research methods. The formation of a purulent wound in rabbits caused by mechanical skin damage and subsequent double infection with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Streptococcus pyogenes K-7 strains was accompanied with a pronounced inflammatory process, necrosis, the formation of purulent exudate and general intoxication. Representatives of the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, microscopic fungi and, to a lesser extent, members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas were found on the surface of purulent wounds, which confirmed the development of the infectious-inflammatory process. Treatment of purulent wounds with a suspension of probiotic preparation once a day for 4 days led to their faster healing (gradual attenuation of the inflammatory process, reduction of edema and discharge, as well as their disappearance) compared with untreated purulent wounds (control). Representatives of the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera, as well as microscopic fungi, presented in purulent wounds treated with probiotic preparation in much smaller numbers than in the control, and bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus and the Enterobacteriaceae family were not detected at all. The effective antimicrobial effect of this probiotic preparation against opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms was confirmed by in vitro studies. Therefore, the Arederma probiotic preparation showed an effective therapeutic and antimicrobial effect in the experimental model of a purulent wound in animals, so it can be recommended for further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Abstract
Microorganisms efficiently colonize the external and internal surfaces of the animal body establishing mutually beneficial interactions and forming site- and individual-specific microbiota. The degradation of complex polysaccharides in the animal gut, the production of useful compounds, protection against pathogenic microorganisms and contribution to the development of an efficient immune system are the main beneficial effects of a balanced microbiota. A dysbiosis, an imbalanced composition of the microbiota, has been associated with a large number of diseases from gastro-intestinal or urogenital disorders to allergies, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases and even to the onset of certain cancers. A growing body of evidence has indicated that probiotic treatments, aimed at maintaining or rebalancing the microbiota, are useful to treat/prevent those illnesses. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria are the most common microbes used in probiotic preparations; however, other bacteria and yeast cells are also widely used in commercial products. Here we focus on the use of bacterial spore formers as probiotics. Spore formers have been marketed as probiotics for over 50 years and are now extensively used for the treatment of intestinal disorders and as dietary supplements in humans, as growth promoters and competitive exclusion agents in animals.
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Fu H, You S, Zhao D, An Q, Zhang J, Wang C, Wang D, Li M. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides inhibit UVA-induced photodamage of human dermal fibroblast cells by activating up-regulating Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:4052-4059. [PMID: 33686752 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UVA radiation can cause skin oxidative stress. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPS) are the main active ingredient in Tremella. Previous studies have shown that TFPS have protective effects on UVA-induced oxidative stress cells, but the specific protective mechanism has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the potential protective mechanism of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides on UVA-induced damage to human dermal fibroblasts cells. METHODS We evaluated the protective ability of TFPS against UVA-induced damage by detecting cell survival rate, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cells, and the scavenging activity of ABTS free radicals, as well as the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the Nrf2-Keap-1 pathway protein and gene were measured to study the protective mechanism of TFPS from photodamage. RESULTS TFPS pretreatment can reduce the oxidative stress of UVA-treated human dermal fibroblasts cells. After TFPS pretreatment, the content of ROS and MDA in the cell decreased significantly and the total antioxidant activity was increased. Among them, the active of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px in the cells increased significantly. TFPS can also protect fibroblasts by up-regulating Nrf2 and down-regulating Keap1 expression. Finally, it was also found that TFPS pretreatment increased the content of collagen I, elastin, and hyaluronic acid (HA) in skin fibroblasts treated with UVA. CONCLUSION These results indicate that a certain concentration of TFPS can effectively alleviate skin damage caused by UVA, and they may be used as an effective component of cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - ShiQuan You
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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11
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Gallucci N, Vitiello G, Di Girolamo R, Imbimbo P, Monti DM, Tarallo O, Vergara A, Russo Krauss I, Paduano L. Towards the Development of Antioxidant Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Controlling the Properties by Tuning Synthesis Conditions. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020542. [PMID: 33672757 PMCID: PMC7924622 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) were synthesized through the thermal decomposition of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, using as capping agents either octylamine or oleylamine, to evaluate the effect of alkyl chain length, an issue at 150 °C, in the case of octylamine and at 150 and 250 °C, in the case of oleylamine, to evaluate the effect of the temperature on NPs properties. All the nanoparticles were extensively characterized by a multidisciplinary approach, such as wide-angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, UV-Vis, fluorescence, Raman and FTIR spectroscopies. The analysis of the experimental data shows that the capping agent nature and the synthesis temperature affect nanoparticle properties including size, morphology, aggregation and Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio. Such issues have not been discussed yet, at the best of our knowledge, in the literature. Notably, CeO2-NPs synthesized in the presence of oleylamine at 250 °C showed no tendency to aggregation and we made them water-soluble through a further coating with sodium oleate. The obtained nanoparticles show a less tendency to clustering forming stable aggregates (ranging between 14 and 22 nm) of few NPs. These were tested for biocompatibility and ROS inhibiting activity, demonstrating a remarkable antioxidant activity, against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Gallucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (L.P.)
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Oreste Tarallo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (N.G.); (R.D.G.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (O.T.); (A.V.); (I.R.K.)
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (L.P.)
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12
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Rezq S, Alsemeh AE, D'Elia L, El-Shazly AM, Monti DM, Sobeh M, Mahmoud MF. Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii exert neuroprotective effect against chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20559. [PMID: 33239680 PMCID: PMC7688974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii extracts have powerful anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects against acute pain models. We profiled their chemical composition and found many phenolic acids, flavonoids, and phenolic diterpenes. In this work, we investigated their antioxidant properties on HaCaT cells exposed to UVA-induced oxidative stress and examined their effects against chronic neuropathic pain and the underlying mechanisms. Through a rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model, we induced chronic neuropathic pain by placing 4 loose ligatures around the right sciatic nerve for 14 days. Thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in addition to cold and dynamic allodynia were tested on the day before surgery and on the 7th and 14th post-surgery days. Key markers of the nitrosative and oxidative stresses, in addition to markers of inflammation, were measured at day 14 post surgery. Histopathological examination and immunostaining of both synaptophysin and caspase-3 of sciatic nerve and brain stem were also performed. Results of this study showed that T. algeriensis extract suppresses UVA oxidative stress in HaCaT cells via activation of the Nrf-2 pathway. Both extracts attenuated hyperalgesia and allodynia at 7- and 14-days post-surgery with more prominent effects at day 14 of surgery. Their protective effects against neuropathic pain were mediated by inhibiting NOX-1, iNOS, by increasing the enzyme activity of catalase, and inhibition of inflammatory mediators, NF-κB, TNF-α, lipoxygenase, COX-2 enzymes, and PGE2. Furthermore, they improved deleterious structural changes of the brainstem and sciatic nerve. They also attenuated the increased caspase-3 and synaptophysin. The data indicate that both extracts have neuroprotective effects against chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain. The observed protective effects are partially mediated through attenuation of oxidative and nitrosative stress and suppression of both neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, suggesting substantial activities of both extracts in amelioration of painful peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Amira E Alsemeh
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Luigi D'Elia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, 43150, Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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13
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Hernandez-Valdes JA, Zhou L, de Vries MP, Kuipers OP. Impact of spatial proximity on territoriality among human skin bacteria. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:30. [PMID: 32764612 PMCID: PMC7413532 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-00140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria display social behavior and establish cooperative or competitive interactions in the niches they occupy. The human skin is a densely populated environment where many bacterial species live. Thus, bacterial inhabitants are expected to find a balance in these interactions, which eventually defines their spatial distribution and the composition of our skin microbiota. Unraveling the physiological basis of the interactions between bacterial species in organized environments requires reductionist analyses using functionally relevant species. Here, we study the interaction between two members of our skin microbiota, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis. We show that B. subtilis actively responds to the presence of S. epidermidis in its proximity by two strategies: antimicrobial production and development of a subpopulation with migratory response. The initial response of B. subtilis is production of chlorotetain, which degrades the S. epidermidis at the colony level. Next, a subpopulation of B. subtilis motile cells emerges. Remarkably this subpopulation slides towards the remaining S. epidermidis colony and engulfs it. A slow response back from S. epidermidis cells give origin to resistant cells that prevent both attacks from B. subtilis. We hypothesized that this niche conquering and back-down response from B. subtilis and S. epidermidis, respectively, which resembles other conflicts in nature as the ones observed in animals, may play a role in defining the presence of certain bacterial species in the specific microenvironments that these bacteria occupy on our skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan A Hernandez-Valdes
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel P de Vries
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Antonius Deusinglaan 1, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, 9713 AW, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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14
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Kotowicz N, Bhardwaj R, Ferreira W, Hong H, Olender A, Ramirez J, Cutting S. Safety and probiotic evaluation of two Bacillus strains producing antioxidant compounds. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:759-771. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus species are becoming increasingly relevant for use as probiotics or feed additives where their heat stability can ensure survival in the food matrix or enable long-term storage at ambient temperature. Some Bacillus species are pigmented and in this study, we have examined two strains, one Bacillus pumilus (pigmented red) and the other Bacillus megaterium (pigmented yellow) for their safety for potential use in humans as dietary supplements. In addition, we have set out to determine if they might confer any potential health benefits. Both strains produce C30 carotenoids while the B. pumilus strain also produced large quantities of riboflavin equivalent to genetically modified Bacillus strains and most probably contributing to this strain’s pigmentation. Riboflavin’s and carotenoids are antioxidants, and we have evaluated the ability of vegetative cells and/or spores to influence populations of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the colon of mice. While both strains increased levels of F. prausnitzii, spores of the B. pumilus strain produced a significant increase in F. prausnitzii levels. If found to be reproducible in humans such an effect might, potentially, confer health benefits particularly for those suffering from inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kotowicz
- SporeGen Ltd., Bourne Labs, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
| | - R.K. Bhardwaj
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
| | - W.T. Ferreira
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
| | - H.A. Hong
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
| | - A. Olender
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | - J. Ramirez
- Enviromedica, 2301 Scarbrough Drive, Suite 300, Austin, TX 78728, USA
| | - S.M. Cutting
- SporeGen Ltd., Bourne Labs, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, United Kingdom
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15
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Mazzoli A, Donadio G, Lanzilli M, Saggese A, Guarino AM, Rivetti M, Crescenzo R, Ricca E, Ferrandino I, Iossa S, Pollice A, Isticato R. Bacillus megaterium SF185 spores exert protective effects against oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12082. [PMID: 31427655 PMCID: PMC6700169 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by-products of the aerobic metabolism of cells and have an important signalling role as secondary messengers in various physiological processes, including cell growth and development. However, the excessive production of ROS, as well as the exposure to exogenous ROS, can cause protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and DNA damages leading to cell injuries. ROS accumulation has been associated to the development of health disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer. We report that spores of strain SF185, a human isolate of Bacillus megaterium, have antioxidant activity on Caco-2 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide and on a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced oxidative stress. In both model systems spores exert a protective state due to their scavenging action: on cells, spores reduce the amount of intracellular ROS, while in vivo the pre-treatment with spores protects mice from the chemically-induced damages. Overall, our results suggest that treatment with SF185 spores prevents or reduces the damages caused by oxidative stress. The human origin of SF185, its strong antioxidant activity, and its protective effects led to propose the spore of this strain as a new probiotic for gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mazzoli
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Anella Saggese
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Rivetti
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ezio Ricca
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Susanna Iossa
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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16
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Sobeh M, Petruk G, Osman S, El Raey MA, Imbimbo P, Monti DM, Wink M. Isolation of Myricitrin and 3,5-di-O-Methyl Gossypetin from Syzygium samarangense and Evaluation of their Involvement in Protecting Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress via Activation of the Nrf-2 Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091839. [PMID: 31086086 PMCID: PMC6539899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) is traditionally employed as an antibacterial and immunostimulant drug in traditional medicine. This plant is rich in different flavonoids and tannins. In this study, we isolated two compounds from S. samarangense leaves: myricitrin and 3,5-di-O-methyl gossypetin. Then, we investigated the mechanisms of action of the two compounds against oxidative stress (induced by sodium arsenite) and inflammation (induced by UV light) on human keratinocytes. We could clearly demonstrate that the pre-treatment of cells with both compounds was able to mitigate the negative effects induced by oxidative stress, as no alteration in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) level, or protein oxidation was observed. Additionally, both compounds were able to modulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways to counteract oxidative stress activation. Finally, we showed that 3,5-di-O-methyl gossypetin exerted its antioxidant activity through the nuclear transcription factor-2 (Nrf-2) pathway, stimulating the expression of antioxidant proteins, such as HO-1 and Mn-SOD-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Sobeh
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660⁻Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Ganna Petruk
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Samir Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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17
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Petruk G, Gifuni I, Illiano A, Roxo M, Pinto G, Amoresano A, Marzocchella A, Piccoli R, Wink M, Olivieri G, Monti DM. Simultaneous production of antioxidants and starch from the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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