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Cen Y, Chen S, Wei S, Wu S, Tao M, Fu Y, Wang Y, Chen J, Ma Y, Liu H, Song B, Ma J, Wang B, Cui Y. A Unique Combination of Mn 2+ and Aluminum Adjuvant Acted the Synergistic Effect. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2024; 2024:7502110. [PMID: 38660494 PMCID: PMC11042911 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7502110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The development of combinatorial adjuvants is a promising strategy to boost vaccination efficiency. Accumulating evidence indicates that manganese exerts strong immunocompetence and will become an enormous potential adjuvant. Here, we described a novel combination of Mn2+ plus aluminum hydroxide (AH) adjuvant that significantly exhibited the synergistic immune effect. Methodology. Initially, IsdB3 proteins as the immune-dominant fragment of IsdB proteins derived from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were prepared. IsdB3 proteins were identified by western blotting. Furthermore, we immunized C57/B6 mice with IsdB3 proteins plus Mn2+ and AH adjuvant. After the second immunization, the proliferation of lymphocytes was measured by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and the level of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokine from spleen lymphocytes in mice and generation of the antibodies against IsdB3 in serum was detected with ELISA, and the protective immune response was assessed through S. aureus challenge. Results IsdB3 proteins plus Mn2+ and AH obviously stimulated the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and increased the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokine in mice, markedly enhanced the generation of the antibodies against IsdB3 in serum, observably decreased bacterial load in organs, and greatly improved the survival rate of mice. Conclusion These data showed that the combination of Mn2+ and AH significantly acted a synergistic effect, reinforced the immunogenicity of IsdB3, and offered a new strategy to increase vaccine efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Cen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuyu Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Mingyang Tao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Youxi Fu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yuncheng Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Baifen Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Beiyan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yudong Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
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Caldera JR, Tsai CM, Trieu D, Gonzalez C, Hajam IA, Du X, Lin B, Liu GY. The characteristics of pre-existing humoral imprint determine efficacy of S. aureus vaccines and support alternative vaccine approaches. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101360. [PMID: 38232694 PMCID: PMC10829788 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The failure of the Staphylococcus aureus (SA) IsdB vaccine trial can be explained by the recall of non-protective immune imprints from prior SA exposure. Here, we investigate natural human SA humoral imprints to understand their broader impact on SA immunizations. We show that antibody responses against SA cell-wall-associated antigens (CWAs) are non-opsonic, while antibodies against SA toxins are neutralizing. Importantly, the protective characteristics of the antibody imprints accurately predict the failure of corresponding vaccines against CWAs and support vaccination against toxins. In passive immunization platforms, natural anti-SA human antibodies reduce the efficacy of the human monoclonal antibodies suvratoxumab and tefibazumab, consistent with the results of their respective clinical trials. Strikingly, in the absence of specific humoral memory responses, active immunizations are efficacious in both naive and SA-experienced mice. Overall, our study points to a practical and predictive approach to evaluate and develop SA vaccines based on pre-existing humoral imprint characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Caldera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chih-Ming Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Desmond Trieu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cesia Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Irshad A Hajam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - George Y Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
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3
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Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS. Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11068. [PMID: 37446247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococci sp. are the most commonly associated pathogens in infective endocarditis, especially within high-income nations. This along with the increasing burden of healthcare, aging populations, and the protracted infection courses, contribute to a significant challenge for healthcare systems. A systematic review was conducted using relevant search criteria from PubMed, Ovid's version of MEDLINE, and EMBASE, and data were tabulated from randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational cohort studies, meta-analysis, and basic research articles. The review was registered with the OSF register of systematic reviews and followed the PRISMA reporting guidelines. Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final systematic review. The role of Staphylococcus aureus and its interaction with the protective shield and host protection functions was identified and highlighted in several studies. The interaction between infective endocarditis pathogens, vascular endothelium, and blood constituents was also explored, giving rise to the potential use of antiplatelets as preventative and/or curative agents. Several factors allow Staphylococcus aureus infections to proliferate within the host with numerous promoting and perpetuating agents. The complex interaction with the hosts' innate immunity also potentiates its virulence. The goal of this study is to attain a better understanding on the molecular pathways involved in infective endocarditis supported by S. aureus and whether therapeutic avenues for the prevention and treatment of IE can be obtained. The use of antibiotic-treated allogeneic tissues have marked antibacterial action, thereby becoming the ideal substitute in native and prosthetic valvular infections. However, the development of effective vaccines against S. aureus still requires in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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4
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Infective Endocarditis in High-Income Countries. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080682. [PMID: 35893249 PMCID: PMC9329978 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis remains an illness that carries a significant burden to healthcare resources. In recent times, there has been a shift from Streptococcus sp. to Staphylococcus sp. as the primary organism of interest. This has significant consequences, given the virulence of Staphylococcus and its propensity to form a biofilm, rendering non-surgical therapy ineffective. In addition, antibiotic resistance has affected treatment of this organism. The cohorts at most risk for Staphylococcal endocarditis are elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. The innovation of transcatheter technologies alongside other cardiac interventions such as implantable devices has contributed to the increased risk attributable to this cohort. We examined the pathophysiology of infective endocarditis carefully. Inter alia, the determinants of Staphylococcus aureus virulence, interaction with host immunity, as well as the discovery and emergence of a potential vaccine, were investigated. Furthermore, the potential role of prophylactic antibiotics during dental procedures was also evaluated. As rates of transcatheter device implantation increase, endocarditis is expected to increase, especially in this high-risk group. A high level of suspicion is needed alongside early initiation of therapy and referral to the heart team to improve outcomes.
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Jin B, Cao D, Yang N, Wang L, Li R, Liu X, Gong P. Early High-dose Continuous Veno-venous Hemofiltration Alleviates the Alterations of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Subsets in Septic Patients Combined with Acute Kidney Injury. Artif Organs 2022; 46:1415-1424. [PMID: 35132659 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to determine whether early high-dose continuous venous-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) alleviates the alterations in CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in septic patients combined with acute kidney injury. METHODS Enrolled septic patients combined with acute kidney injury were randomized into CVVH (n = 50) and conventional treatment (non-CVVH, n = 53) groups. Healthy volunteers (n = 21) were enrolled. CVVH was initiated within 12 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission with the doses of 35 ~ 60 mL/kg/h and maintained for at least 72 h. Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg were measured by flow cytometry on days 1, 3 and 7 of ICU admission. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated. RESULTS Th1 percentages and Th1/Th2 ratios were lower, and Th2, Th17 and Treg percentages and Th17/Treg ratios were higher in septic patients compared to healthy volunteers. CVVH significantly increased Th1 percentages and Th1/Th2 ratios, and significantly decreased Th2, Th17 and Treg percentages and Th17/Treg ratios compared to non-CVVH. Th1 percentages and Th1/Th2 ratios were negatively correlated with SOFA scores, while Th2, Th17 and Treg percentages and Th17/Treg ratios were positively correlated with SOFA scores. Patients with CVVH had significantly lower SOFA scores on day 7 of ICU admission and a shorter ICU stay compared to those with non-CVVH. CONCLUSIONS Septic patients combined with acute kidney injury exhibit different alterations of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets. Early high-dose CVVH alleviates the alterations, which may be one of factors associated with improved sepsis severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Jin
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Da Cao
- Department of Emergency, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
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Jahantigh HR, Faezi S, Habibi M, Mahdavi M, Stufano A, Lovreglio P, Ahmadi K. The Candidate Antigens to Achieving an Effective Vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020199. [PMID: 35214658 PMCID: PMC8876328 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes various inflammatory local infections, from those of the skin to postinfectious glomerulonephritis. These infections could result in serious threats, putting the life of the patient in danger. Antibiotic-resistant S. aureus could lead to dramatic increases in human mortality. Antibiotic resistance would explicate the failure of current antibiotic therapies. So, it is obvious that an effective vaccine against S. aureus infections would significantly reduce costs related to care in hospitals. Bacterial vaccines have important impacts on morbidity and mortality caused by several common pathogens, however, a prophylactic vaccine against staphylococci has not yet been produced. During the last decades, the efforts to develop an S. aureus vaccine have faced two major failures in clinical trials. New strategies for vaccine development against S. aureus has supported the use of multiple antigens, the inclusion of adjuvants, and the focus on various virulence mechanisms. We aimed to present a compressive review of different antigens of S. aureus and also to introduce vaccine candidates undergoing clinical trials, from which can help us to choose a suitable and effective candidate for vaccine development against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Jahantigh
- Animal Health and Zoonosis, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy;
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (H.R.J.); (K.A.); Tel.: +39-3773827669 (H.R.J.)
| | - Sobhan Faezi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41937, Iran;
| | - Mehri Habibi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Ave., Tehran 13164, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Mahdavi
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran 1517964311, Iran
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13164, Iran;
| | - Angela Stufano
- Animal Health and Zoonosis, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy;
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Piero Lovreglio
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Khadijeh Ahmadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas 79391, Iran
- Correspondence: (H.R.J.); (K.A.); Tel.: +39-3773827669 (H.R.J.)
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7
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Evaluation of the immune response to a multi-epitope vaccine candidate in comparison with Hla H35L, MntC, and SACOL0723 proteins against MRSA infection. Biologicals 2021; 73:8-15. [PMID: 34376341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human opportunistic pathogen that can have a major influence on public health. Here, we aimed to evaluate different aspects of the immune response to a novel multi-epitope fusion protein (HMS) based on HlaH35L, MntC, and SACOL0723 proteins in comparison to the individual antigens. For this purpose, specific total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a isotypes and the cytokines related to Th1, Th2, and Th17 were assessed. The Bio-efficiency of the fusion protein was evaluated by opsonic killing activity. The HMS fusion protein elicited a high specific IgG level and also induced a higher level of Th1, Th2, and Th17-related cytokines which were more polarized towards the Th1 and Th17 compared to individual antigens. The HMS-specific antisera also significantly promoted phagocytosis of S. aureus COL strain by mouse macrophages. In conclusion, the fusion protein might be an effective vaccine for potential protective immunity against a lethal infection of S. aureus in mice.
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8
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Solanki V, Tiwari M, Tiwari V. Subtractive proteomic analysis of antigenic extracellular proteins and design a multi-epitope vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiol Immunol 2021; 65:302-316. [PMID: 33368661 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile Gram's positive bacterium that can reside as an asymptomatic colonizer, which can cause a wide range of skin, soft-tissue, and nosocomial infections. A vaccine against multi-drug resistant S. aureus, therefore, is urgently needed. Subtractive proteomics and reverse vaccinology are newly emerging techniques to design multiepitope-based vaccines. The analysis of 7290 proteomes (sensitive and resistant strains), five potent nonhuman homologous vaccine targets [(UNIPORT ID Q2FZL3 (Staphopain B), Q2G2R8 (Staphopain A), Q2FWP0 (uncharacterized leukocidin-like protein 1), Q2G1S6 (uncharacterized protein), and Q2FWV3 (Staphylokinase, putative)] were selected. These proteins were absent in the gut microbiome, which further enhances the significance of these proteins in vaccine design. These five virulence-associated proteins mainly have a role in the invasion mechanism in the host phagocyte cells. MHC I, MHC II, and B cell epitopes were identified in these five proteins. Finalized epitopes were examined by different online servers to screen suitable epitopes for multi-epitope based vaccine design. Shortlisted antigenic and nonallergenic associated epitopes were joined with linkers to design 30 variants (VSA1-VSA30) of multi-epitope vaccine conjugates. The antigenicity and allergenicity of all the 30 vaccine constructs were identified, and VSA30 was found to have the highest antigenicity and lowest allergenicity, and hence was selected for further study. Accordingly, VSA30 was docked with different HLA allelic variants, and the best-docked complex (VSA30-1SYS) was further analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The MDS result confirms the interaction of VSA30 with MHC (HLA-allelic variant). Thus, the final vaccine construct was in silico cloned in the pET28a vector for suitable expression in a heterologous system. Therefore, the designed vaccine construct VSA-30 can be developed as an appropriate vaccine to target S. aureus infection. VSA-30 still needs experimental validation to assure the antigenic and immunogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Solanki
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Monalisa Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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9
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Sabaté-Brescó M, Berset CM, Zeiter S, Stanic B, Thompson K, Ziegler M, Richards RG, O'Mahony L, Moriarty TF. Fracture biomechanics influence local and systemic immune responses in a murine fracture-related infection model. Biol Open 2021; 10:270855. [PMID: 34240122 PMCID: PMC8496694 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical stability plays an important role in fracture healing, with unstable fixation being associated with healing disturbances. A lack of stability is also considered a risk factor for fracture-related infection (FRI), although confirmatory studies and an understanding of the underlying mechanisms are lacking. In the present study, we investigate whether biomechanical (in)stability can lead to altered immune responses in mice under sterile or experimentally inoculated conditions. In non-inoculated C57BL/6 mice, instability resulted in an early increase of inflammatory markers such as granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and interleukin (IL)-6 within the bone. When inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis, instability resulted in a further significant increase in G-CSF, IL-6 and KC in bone tissue. Staphylococcus aureus infection led to rapid osteolysis and instability in all animals and was not further studied. Gene expression measurements also showed significant upregulation in CCL2 and G-CSF in these mice. IL-17A was found to be upregulated in all S. epidermidis infected mice, with higher systemic IL-17A cell responses in mice that cleared the infection, which was found to be produced by CD4+ and γδ+ T cells in the bone marrow. IL-17A knock-out (KO) mice displayed a trend of delayed clearance of infection (P=0.22, Fisher’s exact test) and an increase in interferon (IFN)-γ production. Biomechanical instability leads to a more pronounced local inflammatory response, which is exaggerated by bacterial infection. This study provides insights into long-held beliefs that biomechanics are crucial not only for fracture healing, but also for control of infection. Summary: Physical movement between bone fragments after a fracture influence healing, and are shown here, for the first time, to influence immune responses and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sabaté-Brescó
- AO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Asthma and Allergy Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Corina M Berset
- Swiss Institute of Asthma and Allergy Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Zeiter
- AO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Stanic
- AO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Keith Thompson
- AO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mario Ziegler
- Swiss Institute of Asthma and Allergy Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Asthma and Allergy Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Chen J, Yang S, Li W, Yu W, Fan Z, Wang M, Feng Z, Tong C, Song B, Ma J, Cui Y. IL-17A Secreted by Th17 Cells Is Essential for the Host against Streptococcus agalactiae Infections. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:667-675. [PMID: 33879639 PMCID: PMC9706036 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2103.03053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is an important bacterial pathogen and causative agent of diseases including neonatal sepsis and meningitis, as well as infections in healthy adults and pregnant women. Although antibiotic treatments effectively relieve symptoms, the emergence and transmission of multidrug-resistant strains indicate the need for an effective immunotherapy. Effector T helper (Th) 17 cells are a relatively newly discovered subpopulation of helper CD4+ T lymphocytes, and which, by expressing interleukin (IL)-17A, play crucial roles in host defenses against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. However, whether S. agalactiae infection can induce the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells, and whether IL-17A can play an effective role against S. agalactiae infections, are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the responses of CD4+ T cells and their defensive effects after S. agalactiae infection. The results showed that S. agalactiae infection induces not only the formation of Th1 cells expressing interferon (IFN)-γ, but also the differentiation of mouse splenic CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells, which highly express IL-17A. In addition, the bacterial load of S. agalactiae was significantly increased and decreased in organs as determined by antibody neutralization and IL-17A addition experiments, respectively. The results confirmed that IL-17A is required by the host to defend against S. agalactiae and that it plays an important role in effectively eliminating S. agalactiae. Our findings therefore prompt us to adopt effective methods to regulate the expression of IL-17A as a potent strategy for the prevention and treatment of S. agalactiae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China,College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Wanyu Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Zhaowei Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyue Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Baifen Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China,College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +13836962508 Fax: +0459-6031177 E-mail:
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11
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Chen Z, Gou Q, Xiong Q, Duan L, Yuan Y, Zhu J, Zou J, Chen L, Jing H, Zhang X, Luo P, Zeng H, Zou Q, Zhao Z, Zhang J. Immunodominance of Epitopes and Protective Efficacy of HI Antigen Are Differentially Altered Using Different Adjuvants in a Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684823. [PMID: 34122448 PMCID: PMC8190387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HI, a fusion protein that consists of the alpha-toxin (Hla) and the N2 domain of iron surface determinant B (IsdB), is one of the antigens in the previously reported S. aureus vaccine rFSAV and has already entered phase II clinical trials. Previous studies revealed that HI is highly immunogenic in both mice and healthy volunteers, and the humoral immune response plays key roles in HI-mediated protection. In this study, we further investigated the protective efficacy of immunization with HI plus four different adjuvants in a mouse bacteremia model. Results showed that HI-mediated protection was altered in response to different adjuvants. Using antisera from immunized mice, we identified seven B-cell immunodominant epitopes on Hla and IsdB, including 6 novel epitopes (Hla1-18, Hla84-101, Hla186-203, IsdB342-359, IsdB366-383, and IsdB384-401). The immunodominance of B-cell epitopes, total IgG titers and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A from mice immunized with HI plus different adjuvants were different from each other, which may explain the difference in protective immunity observed in each immunized group. Thus, our results indicate that adjuvants largely affected the immunodominance of epitopes and the protective efficacy of HI, which may guide further adjuvant screening for vaccine development and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Gou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingshan Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianli Duan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jintao Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Longlong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiming Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Staphylococcal Infections: Host and Pathogenic Factors. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051080. [PMID: 34069873 PMCID: PMC8157358 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Ghaedi T, Davoodian P, Hassaniazad M, Eftekhar E, Faezi S, Abparvar AA, Einakian MA, Ahmadi K. Protective efficacy of Hla-MntC-SACOL0723 fusion protein adjuvanted in alum and MPL against Staphylococcus aureus sepsis infection in mice. J Immunol Methods 2021; 494:113055. [PMID: 33857474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To develop a suitable and effective vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), we selected the Hla-MntC-SACOL0723 (HMS) recombinant protein with two different formulations of alum and Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvants. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potentials of alum and MPL adjuvants in stimulating the immune response of HMS vaccine candidate against S. aureus. To evaluate the type of induced immune response, anti-HMS total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17 cytokines were determined after vaccination of mice with HMS-alum, HMS-MPL candidates. Mice were challenged with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated from pressure sores and evaluated for bacterial load in the kidney homogenates and survival rate. It was observed that total IgG and isotypes (IgG1 and IgG2a), IL-4, and IL-17 were significantly increased in the group that received HMS-alum vaccine compared with the group that received HMS-MPL formulation. On the other hand, the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 cytokines in the group that received HMS-MPL were higher than the group that received HMS-alum formulation. Bacterial load in the mice who received HMS protein formulated with alum adjuvant was reduced more than the mice who received HMS protein formulated with MPL adjuvant. Histopathological analysis showed more pathological changes in kidney tissues of the group received of HMS-MPL compared with the HMS-alum formulation. The survival rate was equal in both groups of immunized with HMS-alum and HMS-MPL formulations. Finally, it could be concluded that both adjuvants of alum and MPL are suitable immune response enhancers to HMS vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Ghaedi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Parivash Davoodian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassaniazad
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sobhan Faezi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Atash Abparvar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Einakian
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Ahmadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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14
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Identification of CD4 + T cell epitopes from Staphylococcus aureus secretome using immunoinformatic prediction and molecular docking. BIOTECHNOLOGIA 2021; 102:43-54. [PMID: 36605712 PMCID: PMC9642919 DOI: 10.5114/bta.2021.103761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
One major reason for the lack of clinical success of Staphylococcus aureus vaccine candidates is the inability of the antigens to develop a CD4+ T cell-mediated immune response. Hence, it is important to identify CD4+ T cell antigens from S. aureus. CD4+ T cells are activated following the presentation of epitopes derived from exogenous proteins on HLA class II molecules. Fifty-nine secretory proteins of S. aureus were analyzed computationally for the presence of HLA class II binding peptides. Fifteen-mer peptides were generated, and their binding to 26 HLA class II alleles was predicted. The structural feasibility of the peptides binding to HLA-II was studied using molecular docking. Of the 16,724 peptides generated, 6991 (41.8%) were predicted to bind to any one of the alleles with an IC50 value below 50 nM. Comparative sequence analysis revealed that only 545 of the strong binding peptides are non-self in the human system. Approximately 50% of the binding peptides were monoallele-specific. Moreover, approximately 95% of the predicted strong binding non-self peptides interacted with the binding groove of at least one HLA class II molecule with a glide score better than -10 kcal/mol. On the basis of the analysis of the strength of binding, non-self presentation in the human host, propensity to bind to a higher number of alleles, and energetically favorable interactions with HLA molecules, a set of 11 CD4+ T cell epitopes that can be used as vaccine candidates was identified.
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Venkatasubramaniam A, Liao G, Cho E, Adhikari RP, Kort T, Holtsberg FW, Elsass KE, Kobs DJ, Rudge TL, Kauffman KD, Lora NE, Barber DL, Aman MJ, Karauzum H. Safety and Immunogenicity of a 4-Component Toxoid-Based Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine in Rhesus Macaques. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621754. [PMID: 33717122 PMCID: PMC7947289 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of significant morbidity and mortality and an enormous economic burden to public health worldwide. Infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) pose a major threat as MRSA strains are becoming increasingly prevalent and multi-drug resistant. To this date, vaccines targeting surface-bound antigens demonstrated promising results in preclinical testing but have failed in clinical trials. S. aureus pathogenesis is in large part driven by immune destructive and immune modulating toxins and thus represent promising vaccine targets. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a staphylococcal 4-component vaccine targeting secreted bi-component pore-forming toxins (BCPFTs) and superantigens (SAgs) in non-human primates (NHPs). The 4-component vaccine proved to be safe, even when repeated vaccinations were given at a dose that is 5 to 10- fold higher than the proposed human dose. Vaccinated rhesus macaques did not exhibit clinical signs, weight loss, or changes in hematology or serum chemistry parameters related to the administration of the vaccine. No acute, vaccine-related elevation of serum cytokine levels was observed after vaccine administration, confirming the toxoid components lacked superantigenicity. Immunized animals demonstrated high level of toxin-specific total and neutralizing antibodies toward target antigens of the 4-component vaccine as well as cross-neutralizing activity toward staphylococcal BCPFTs and SAgs that are not direct targets of the vaccine. Cross-neutralization was also observed toward the heterologous streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin B. Ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs with individual vaccine components demonstrated an overall increase in several T cell cytokines measured in supernatants. Immunophenotyping of CD4 T cells ex vivo showed an increase in Ag-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells in response to antigen stimulation. Taken together, we demonstrate that the 4-component vaccine is well-tolerated and immunogenic in NHPs generating both humoral and cellular immune responses. Targeting secreted toxin antigens could be the next-generation vaccine approach for staphylococcal vaccines if also proven to provide efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grant Liao
- Integrated BioTherapeutics, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Eunice Cho
- Integrated BioTherapeutics, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | - Tom Kort
- Integrated BioTherapeutics, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Dean J. Kobs
- Batelle - West Jefferson, West Jefferson, OH, United States
| | | | - Keith D. Kauffman
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, T Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nickiana E. Lora
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, T Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel L. Barber
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, T Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - M. Javad Aman
- Integrated BioTherapeutics, Rockville, MD, United States
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16
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Ahmadi K, Hasaniazad M, Kalani M, Faezi S, Ahmadi N, Enayatkhani M, Mahdavi M, Pouladfar G. Comparative study of the immune responses to the HMS-based fusion protein and capsule-based conjugated molecules as vaccine candidates in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus systemic infection. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104656. [PMID: 33253858 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a powerful pathogen that causes a wide range of infectious diseases and results in a high mortality rate in humans. Treating S. aureus-related infections is extremely difficult because of its ability to resist many antibiotics; therefore, developing an effective vaccine against this infection can be an alternative and promising approach. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of a Hla-MntC-SACOL0723 multi-epitope protein (HMS) compared with HMS conjugated to polysaccharides 5 and 8 (CP5 and CP8) of S. aureus and CP5 and CP8 in a mouse sepsis model. To evaluate the type of induced immune response, specific IgG, and antibody isotypes (IgG1 and IgG2a) were determined using the ELISA method. The functional activity of these vaccine candidates was assessed by opsonophagocytosis. Mice were infected with S. aureus COL strain and evaluated for bacterial load in the kidney and spleen homogenates. Th1, Th2, and Th17-related cytokines in the spleen cell supernatants were assessed by flow cytometry. The therapeutic effect of specific anti-HMS protein IgG antibodies against S. aureus COL strain infection was evaluated by passive immunization. HMS recombinant protein induced a higher level of Th1, Th2, and Th17-related cytokines compared with conjugated molecules. Also, mice immunized with the HMS protein reduced the bacterial load in the kidney and spleen more than the one that received the conjugated molecules. Our study suggests that the HMS fusion protein and conjugate molecule vaccine candidates could be suitable candidates for the removal of S. aureus in the mouse sepsis model but HMS protein can be a more effective candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Ahmadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Hasaniazad
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Kalani
- Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sobhan Faezi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nahid Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Enayatkhani
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahdavi
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunotherapy Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Pouladfar
- Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shen T, Chen L, Liu Y, Shi S, Liu Z, Cai K, Liao C, Wang C. Decanoic acid modification enhances the antibacterial activity of PMAP-23RI-Dec. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 157:105609. [PMID: 33141035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are a new type of antibacterial drugs with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Based on our previous research, PMAP-23RI-Dec was designed by modifying the C-terminal of PMAP-23RI with decanoic acid. In this study, we measured the antibacterial activity, stability, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity of PMAP-23RI-Dec. The mechanism of PMAP-23RI-Dec on biofilm and cell membranes were also studied. The results show that PMAP-23RI-Dec exhibited high antibacterial activity and stability, but the hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity of PMAP-23RI-Dec were not enhanced. Moreover, PMAP-23RI-Dec could inhibit biofilm formation at low concentrations, and enhance the killing effect on bacteria by changing the permeability of their cell membranes. Finally, PMAP-23RI-Dec reduced Pseudomonas aeruginosa GIM1.551 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 damage to organs, and showed superior efficacy against peritonitis. PMAP-23RI-Dec also reduced the scope of abscess and alleviated wound infections. Our research indicated that PMAP-23RI-Dec is a new antibacterial agent with potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Shen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Yongqing Liu
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Shuaibing Shi
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Kairui Cai
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China; Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines in Environmental and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China; Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines in Environmental and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China.
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18
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Ahmadi K, Pouladfar G, Kalani M, Faezi S, Pourmand MR, Hasanzadeh S, Mafakher L, Aslani MM, Mahdavi M. Epitope-based immunoinformatics study of a novel Hla-MntC-SACOL0723 fusion protein from Staphylococcus aureus: Induction of multi-pattern immune responses. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:88-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Song B, Zhang J, Ma J, Feng Z, Yu L, Yu Y, Cui Y. Evaluation of the immunogenicity of an omp A and staphylococcal target of RNAIII activating fusion protein displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli. Microb Pathog 2019; 136:103676. [PMID: 31437577 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to construct a recombinant Escherichia coli strain displaying the Staphylococcus aureus target of RNAIII activating protein (TRAP) on its surface, and to investigate the strain for its immunogenicity. The lpp'ompA and lpp'ompA-TRAP genes were fused by the overlap polymerase chain reaction and then ligated into expression plasmid pQE30 producing pLO and pLO-TRAP. These two recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli XL1-Blue, resulting in XL1-Blue/pLO and XL1-Blue/pLO-TRAP, which were induced to express protein. The expressed TRAP protein was displayed on the surface of XL1-Blue as judged by whole cell ELISA, flow cytometric analysis, and laser scanning confocal microscopy using the lpp'ompA surface display system. ICR mice were intramuscularly immunized with recombinant strains XL1-Blue/pLO and XL1-Blue/pLO-TRAP as well as recombinant protein TRAP. Immunized mice were assessed for anti-TRAP antibody and lymphocytes for secreted IL-4 and IFN-γ by ELISPOT and secreted IL-17A by indirect ELISA. Immunized mice were challenged with S. aureus Newman and HLJ23-1 strains. The results showed both XL1-Blue/pLO-TRAP and TRAP protein immunized mice to produce better cellular and humoral immunity than XL1-Blue/pLO and PBS injected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baifen Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyue Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liquan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yongzhong Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yudong Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Lymph Node-Targeting Nanovaccine through Antigen-CpG Self-Assembly Potentiates Cytotoxic T Cell Activation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:3714960. [PMID: 30018987 PMCID: PMC6029500 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3714960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines that arouse the cytotoxic T cell immune response to reject infected cells have been investigated extensively for treating disease. Due to the large amounts of resident antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells in lymph nodes, great efforts have been made to explore the strategy of targeting lymph nodes directly with nanovaccines to activate T cells. However, these nanovaccines still have several problems, such as a low loading efficiency and compromised activity of antigens and adjuvants derived from traditional complicated preparation. There are also safety concerns about materials synthesized without FDA approval. Herein, we construct an assembled nanoparticle composed of an antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) and adjuvant (CpG) to ensure its safety and high loading efficiency. The activity of both components was well preserved due to the mild self-assembly process. The small size, narrow distribution, negative charge, and good stability of the nanoparticle endow these nanovaccines with superior capacity for lymph node targeting. Correspondingly, the accumulation at lymph nodes can be improved by 10-fold. Subsequently, due to the sufficient APC internalization and maturation in lymph nodes, ~60% of T cells are stimulated to proliferate and over 70% of target cells are specifically killed. Based on the effective and quick cellular immune response, the assembled nanoparticles exhibit great potential as therapeutic vaccines.
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