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Papi M, Pozzi D, Palmieri V, Caracciolo G. Principles for optimization and validation of mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines against COVID-19 using 3D bioprinting. NANO TODAY 2022; 43:101403. [PMID: 35079274 PMCID: PMC8776405 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BioNTech/Pfizer's Comirnaty and Moderna's SpikeVax vaccines consist in mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The modularity of the delivery platform and the manufacturing possibilities provided by microfluidics let them look like an instant success, but they are the product of decades of intense research. There is a multitude of considerations to be made when designing an optimal mRNA-LNPs vaccine. Herein, we provide a brief overview of what is presently known and what still requires investigation to optimize mRNA LNPs vaccines. Lastly, we give our perspective on the engineering of 3D bioprinted validation systems that will allow faster, cheaper, and more predictive vaccine testing in the future compared with animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Papi
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council of Italy, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Magalhães J, Pinheiro M, Drasler B, Septiadi D, Petri-Fink A, Santos SG, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Reis S. Lipid nanoparticles biocompatibility and cellular uptake in a 3D human lung model. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:259-271. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Design nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to facilitate drug delivery to tuberculosis-infected areas, exploiting macrophage mannose receptors and assess their uptake in a 3D human lung model. Materials & methods: NLCs and mannosylated-NLCs were synthetized and characterized. Their uptake and biocompatibility were tested in a 3D human lung model. Results: The formulations have appropriate size (170–202 nm) and morphology for lung deposition. Cell membrane integrity was maintained and no significant pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) secretion or morphological changes were observed 24 h post nanoparticles exposure. NLCs and mannosylated NLCs were distributed in the apical side of the lung tissue, both in macrophages and in epithelial cells. Conclusion: NLCs are biocompatible carriers and can be used for pulmonary drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Magalhães
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Pinheiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dedy Septiadi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Susana G Santos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Salette Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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