1
|
Ding C, Wu Y, Zhan C, Naseem A, Chen L, Li H, Yang B, Liu Y. Research progress on the role and inhibitors of Keap1 signaling pathway in inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112853. [PMID: 39159555 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective mechanism against endogenous and exogenous pathogens. It is a typical feature of numerous chronic diseases and their complications. Keap1 is an essential target in oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases. Among them, the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway (including Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1) is the most significant pathway of Keap1 targets, which participates in the control of inflammation in multiple organs (including renal inflammation, lung inflammation, liver inflammation, neuroinflammation, etc.). Identifying new Keap1 inhibitors is crucial for new drug discovery. However, most drugs have specificity issues as they covalently bind to cysteine residues of Keap1, causing off-target effects. Therefore, direct inhibition of Keap1-Nrf2 PPIs is a new research idea. Through non-electrophilic and non-covalent binding, its inhibitors have better specificity and ability to activate Nrf2, and targeting therapy against Keap1-Nrf2 PPIs has become a new method for drug development in chronic diseases. This review summarizes the members and downstream genes of the Keap1-related pathway and their roles in inflammatory disease models. In addition, we summarize all the research progress of anti-inflammatory drugs targeting Keap1 from 2010 to 2024, mainly describing their biological functions, molecular mechanisms of action, and therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
| | - Chaochao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Anam Naseem
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Zhang Y, Tang R, Liu H, Li X, Lei W, Chen J, Jin Z, Tang J, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wu X. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β: A multifaceted player in ischemia-reperfusion injury and its therapeutic prospects. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31335. [PMID: 38962880 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) results in irreversible metabolic dysfunction and structural damage to tissues or organs, posing a formidable challenge in the field of organ implantation, cardiothoracic surgery, and general surgery. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase, is involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response. Phosphorylation of its tyrosine 216 and serine 9 sites positively and negatively regulates the activation and inactivation of the enzyme. Significantly, inhibition or inactivation of GSK-3β provides protection against IRI, making it a viable target for drug development. Though numerous GSK-3β inhibitors have been identified to date, the development of therapeutic treatments remains a considerable distance away. In light of this, this review summarizes the complicated network of GSK-3β roles in IRI. First, we provide an overview of GSK-3β's basic background. Subsequently, we briefly review the pathological mechanisms of GSK-3β in accelerating IRI, and highlight the latest progress of GSK-3β in multiorgan IRI, encompassing heart, brain, kidney, liver, and intestine. Finally, we discuss the current development of GSK-3β inhibitors in various organ IRI, offering a thorough and insightful reference for GSK-3β as a potential target for future IRI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Tang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiayun Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wangrui Lei
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayou Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Northwest University First Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan G, Cui B, Han M, Lin L, Li Y, Wang L, Guo S, Yin Y, Zhan H, Li P. Puerarin inhibits NHE1 activity by interfering with the p38 pathway and attenuates mitochondrial damage induced by myocardial calcium overload in heart failure rats. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:270-279. [PMID: 38282474 PMCID: PMC10984851 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that puerarin plays a key role in protecting humans and animals from cardiovascular diseases. The exact mechanism of the therapeutic effect of puerarin on various cardiovascular diseases (protective effect on cardiomyocytes) is still unclear. In the present study, we identify the role of puerarin in an animal model of experimental heart failure (HF) and explore its underlying mechanisms. The HF rat model is induced by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin (ADR), and puerarin is administered intragastrically at low, medium, and high concentrations. We demonstrate that puerarin significantly improves myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration and, as a result, improves cardiac function in ADR-induced HF rats. Mechanistically, we find for the first time that puerarin inhibits overactivated Na +/H + exchange isoform 1 (NHE1) in HF, which may improve HF by decreasing Na + and Ca 2+ ion concentrations and attenuating mitochondrial damage caused by calcium overload; on the other hand, puerarin inhibits the activation of the p38 pathway in HF, reduces the expressions of TGF-β and proinflammatory cytokines, and suppresses myocardial fibrosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that Puerarin is an effective drug against HF and may play a protective role in the myocardium by inhibiting the activation of p38 and its downstream NHE1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guopin Pan
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Baoyue Cui
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
- Nanyang Second General HospitalNanyang473001China
| | - Mingming Han
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Laibiao Lin
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Yinlan Li
- College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China
| | - Ling Wang
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and AngiopathyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning437100China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Heqin Zhan
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
| | - Peng Li
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and NeurobiologyHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug InterventionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and AngiopathyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning437100China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Li C, Guan X, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Feng H, Deng Y, Fu C, Deng G, Li J, Liu S. A selenium-based NIR-II photosensitizer for a highly effective and safe phototherapy plan. Analyst 2024; 149:859-869. [PMID: 38167646 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01599h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
High efficiency, stability, long emission wavelength (NIR-II), and good biocompatibility are crucial for photosensitizers in phototherapy. However, current Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved organic fluorophores exhibit poor chemical stability and photostability as well as short emission wavelength, limiting their clinical usage. To address this, we developed Se-IR1100, a novel organic photosensitizer with a photostable and thermostable benzobisthiadiazole (BBTD) backbone. By incorporating selenium as a heavy atom and constructing a D-A-D structure, Se-IR1100 exhibits a maximum fluorescence emission wavelength of 1100 nm. Compared with FDA-approved indocyanine green (ICG), DSPE-PEGylated Se-IR1100 nanoparticles exhibit prominent photostability and long-lasting photothermal effects. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, Se-IR1100 NPs efficiently convert light energy into heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing cancer cell death in cellular studies and living organisms while maintaining biocompatibility. With salient photostability and a photothermal conversion rate of 55.37%, Se-IR1100 NPs hold promise as a superior photosensitizer for diagnostic and therapeutic agents in oncology. Overall, we have designed and optimized a multifunctional photosensitizer Se-IR1100 with good biocompatibility that performs NIR-II fluorescence imaging and phototherapy. This dual-strategy method may offer novel approaches for the development of multifunctional probes using dual-strategy or even multi-strategy methods in bioimaging, disease diagnosis, and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chonglu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Xiaofang Guan
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Huili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Cheng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Junrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song Q, Wang X, Cao Z, Xin C, Zhang J, Li S. The Apelin/APJ System: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:313-330. [PMID: 38250143 PMCID: PMC10800090 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s436169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Apelin is the native ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the Apelin/APJ system has positive inotropic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and regulates fluid homeostasis. The Apelin/APJ system has been demonstrated to play a protective role in sepsis and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis. Better understanding of the mechanisms of the effects of the Apelin/APJ system will aid in the development of novel drugs for the treatment of sepsis. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the physiological role of the Apelin/APJ system and its role in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhuan Cao
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Xin
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suwei Li
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ge S, Lian W, Bai Y, Wang L, Zhao F, Li H, Wang D, Pang Q. TMT-based quantitative proteomics reveals the targets of andrographolide on LPS-induced liver injury. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:199. [PMID: 37817228 PMCID: PMC10563216 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03758-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andrographolide (Andro) is a diterpenoid derived from Andrographis paniculate, which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and hepatoprotective activities. Gram-negative bacterial infections can cause varying degrees of liver injury in chickens, although Andro has been shown to have a protective effect on the liver, its underlying mechanism of action and effects on liver proteins are not known. METHODS The toxicity of Andro on the viability of leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells at different concentrations and times was analyzed by CCK-8 assays. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in the culture supernatants were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer to evaluate the protective effect of androscopolide on LPS-induced injury of LMH cells. Subsequently, TMT proteomics analysis were performed on the negative control group (NC group), LPS, and LPS-Andro groups, and bioinformatics analysis was performed on the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). RESULTS It was found that Andro reduced ALT and AST levels in the cell supernatant and alleviated LPS-induced injury in LMH cells. Proteomic analysis identified 50 and 166 differentially expressed proteins in the LPS vs. NC group and LPS-Andro vs. LPS group, respectively. Andro may be involved in steroid metabolic processes, negative regulation of MAPK cascade, oxidative stress, and other processes to protect against LPS-induced liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Andro protects against LPS-induced liver injury, HMGCS1, HMGCR, FDPS, PBK, CAV1, PRDX1, PRDX4, and PRDX6, which were identified by differential proteomics, may be the targets of Andro. Our study may provide new theoretical support for Andro protection against liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze, 274000, Shangdong, China
| | - Wenqi Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongjiang Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Linzheng Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250035, Shangdong, China
| | - Fuwei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze, 274000, Shangdong, China
| | - Houmei Li
- Shuozhou grass and animal husbandry development center, ShuoZhou, 036000, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- ShuoZhou Vocational Technology College, ShuoZhou, 036000, Shanxi, China
| | - Quanhai Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hong M, Xiao K, Lin P, Lin J. Five Rutaceae family ethanol extracts alleviate H 2O 2 and LPS-induced inflammation via NF-κB and JAK-STAT3 pathway in HaCaT cells. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:937-947. [PMID: 36549807 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of five Rutaceae family ethanol extracts (FRFEE): Citrus medica Linn (CML), Citrus aurantium L. Cv. Daidai (CAD), Citrus medica Linn. var. sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle (CMS),Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck (CSO) and Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim (ZBM) on retarding the progression of H2O2 and LPS-induced HaCaT cells. Cell inflammatory injury model was established by H2O2 and LPS. The alleviative effects of FRFEE were evaluated by detecting the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The inflammatory signaling pathways of NF-κB and JAK-STAT3 were detected by Western blotting, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors and skin barrier factors were detected by RT-PCR. 50% ethanol extracts of five medicinal and food homologous herbs of Rutaceae family showed different levels of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The FRFEE effectively improved SOD and GSH content and decreased ROS levels. Meanwhile, FRFEE strongly suppressed two inflammatory signaling pathways NF-κB and JAK-STAT3. The RT-PCR examination of inflammatory factors and skin barrier factor revealed significant anti-inflammatory effects of FRFEE. It was worth noting that among the five extracts, Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim extract had the best anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effects. In addition, it could strongly inhibit the expression of psoriasis factor CCL20. In summary, these results suggested that Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim extract could be used as an anti-psoriatic agent in the treatment of psoriasis among FRFEE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengsa Hong
- School of Life sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kun Xiao
- School of Life sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pei Lin
- School of Life sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jun Lin
- School of Life sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang X, Zhang L, Li P, Zheng Y, Yang Y, Ji S. Apelin/APJ system in inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
9
|
Polymer-Based Delivery of Peptide Drugs to Treat Diabetes: Normalizing Hyperglycemia and Preventing Diabetic Complications. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-022-00057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
10
|
Tran K, Sainsily X, Côté J, Coquerel D, Couvineau P, Saibi S, Haroune L, Besserer-Offroy É, Flynn-Robitaille J, Resua Rojas M, Murza A, Longpré JM, Auger-Messier M, Lesur O, Bouvier M, Marsault É, Boudreault PL, Sarret P. Size-Reduced Macrocyclic Analogues of [Pyr 1]-apelin-13 Showing Negative Gα 12 Bias Still Produce Prolonged Cardiac Effects. J Med Chem 2022; 65:531-551. [PMID: 34982553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a series of macrocyclic analogues of [Pyr1]-apelin-13 (Ape13) with increased plasma stability and potent APJ agonist properties. Based on the most promising compound in this series, we synthesized and then evaluated novel macrocyclic compounds of Ape13 to identify agonists with specific pharmacological profiles. These efforts led to the development of analogues 39 and 40, which possess reduced molecular weight (MW 1020 Da vs Ape13, 1534 Da). Interestingly, compound 39 (Ki 0.6 nM), which does not activate the Gα12 signaling pathway while maintaining potency and efficacy similar to Ape13 to activate Gαi1 (EC50 0.8 nM) and β-arrestin2 recruitment (EC50 31 nM), still exerts cardiac actions. In addition, analogue 40 (Ki 5.6 nM), exhibiting a favorable Gα12-biased signaling and an increased in vivo half-life (t1/2 3.7 h vs <1 min of Ape13), produces a sustained cardiac response up to 6 h after a single subcutaneous bolus injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kien Tran
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Sainsily
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Côté
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - David Coquerel
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Couvineau
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Québec, Canada
| | - Sabrina Saibi
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Lounès Haroune
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Élie Besserer-Offroy
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | | | - Martin Resua Rojas
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Murza
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Mannix Auger-Messier
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Lesur
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Québec, Canada
| | - Éric Marsault
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Son HK, Kim BH, Lee J, Park S, Oh CB, Jung S, Lee JK, Ha JH. Partial Replacement of Dietary Fat with Krill Oil or Coconut Oil Alleviates Dyslipidemia by Partly Modulating Lipid Metabolism in Lipopolysaccharide-Injected Rats on a High-Fat Diet. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:843. [PMID: 35055664 PMCID: PMC8775371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of partial replacement of dietary fat with krill oil (KO) or coconut oil (CO) on dyslipidemia and lipid metabolism in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups as follows: HFD, HFD + KO, and HFD + CO. The rats were fed each diet for 10 weeks and then intraperitoneally injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg). The KO- and CO-fed rats exhibited lower levels of serum lipids and aspartate aminotransferases than those of the HFD-fed rats. Rats fed with HFD + KO displayed significantly lower hepatic histological scores and hepatic triglyceride (TG) content than rats fed with HFD. The KO supplementation also downregulated the adipogenic gene expression in the liver. When treated with LPS, the HFD + KO and HFD + CO groups reduced the adipocyte size in the epididymal white adipose tissues (EAT) relative to the HFD group. These results suggest that KO and CO could improve lipid metabolism dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyoung Son
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (H.-K.S.); (J.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Bok-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Jisu Lee
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (H.-K.S.); (J.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Seohyun Park
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (H.-K.S.); (J.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Chung-Bae Oh
- Office of Technical Liaison, Industry Support Team, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Korea;
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (H.-K.S.); (J.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Jennifer K. Lee
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jung-Heun Ha
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea; (H.-K.S.); (J.L.); (S.P.); (S.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Evaluation of serum omentin-1 and apelin concentrations in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2021; 38:450-454. [PMID: 34377127 PMCID: PMC8330847 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.107932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies suggest a role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Omentin-1 and apelin are two recently identified adipokines that have been involved in the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory responses. Aim To investigate serum omentin-1 and apelin levels in patients with HS and to assess their associations with metabolic parameters, disease severity and HS risk. Material and methods This case-control study included 139 non-diabetic individuals (78 HS patients and 61 ageand sex-matched controls). Serum concentrations of omentin-1 and apelin and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured in all participants. Results Serum omentin-1 concentrations were significantly higher in HS patients compared to controls, whereas apelin serum levels did not significantly differ between both groups. These differences in omentin-1 concentrations remained significant even after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that increased omentin-1 plasma levels were an independent risk factor for HS. However, we found no association between serum levels of both omentin-1 and apelin with HS severity. Conclusions Our results show that patients with HS have raised omentin-1 serum levels, which are associated with HS risk.
Collapse
|
13
|
Du JJ, Sun JC, Li N, Li XQ, Sun WY, Wei W. β-Arrestin2 deficiency attenuates oxidative stress in mouse hepatic fibrosis through modulation of NOX4. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1090-1100. [PMID: 33116250 PMCID: PMC8209231 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is responsible for most of ECM production. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be important factors leading to liver fibrosis. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is the main source of ROS in hepatic fibrosis, but the mechanism by which NOX4 regulates oxidative stress is not fully understood. β-Arrestin2 is a multifunctional scaffold protein that regulates receptor endocytosis, signaling and trafficking. In this study, we investigated whether β-arrestin2 regulated oxidative stress in hepatic fibrosis. Both β-arrestin2 knockout (Arrb2 KO) mice and wild-type mice were intraperitoneally injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to induce hepatic fibrosis. Arrb2 KO mice showed significantly attenuated liver fibrosis, decreased ROS levels and NOX4 expression, and reduced collagen levels in their livers. In vitro, NOX4 knockdown significantly inhibited ROS production, and decreased expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in angiotensin II-stimulated human HSC cell line LX-2. Through overexpression or depletion of β-arrestin2 in LX-2 cells, we revealed that decreased β-arrestin2 inhibited ROS levels and NOX4 expression, and reduced collagen production; it also inhibited activation of ERK and JNK signaling pathways. These results demonstrate that β-arrestin2 deficiency protects against liver fibrosis by downregulating ROS production through NOX4. This effect appears to be mediated by ERK and JNK signaling pathways. Thus, targeted inhibition of β-arrestin2 might reduce oxidative stress and inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Chang Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wu-Yi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma H, Liu J, Du Y, Zhang S, Cao W, Jia Z, Gong W, Zhang A. Estrogen-Related Receptor γ Agonist DY131 Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:626166. [PMID: 33967760 PMCID: PMC8104008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.626166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated liver dysfunction remains a challenge in clinical practice with high mortality and limited specific therapies. DY131 is a pharmacological agonist of the orphan receptor estrogen-related receptor (ERR) γ which plays a crucial role in regulating energy generation, oxidative metabolism, cell apoptosis, inflammatory responses, etc. However, its role in acute liver injury is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of DY131 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. Mice were pretreated with DY131 through intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 3 days prior to LPS challenge (10 mg/kg). 24 h later, they were anesthetized and sacrificed. Blood and liver tissues were collected for further studies. In a separate experiment, mice were treated with saline (vehicle) or DY131 for 3 days to evaluate the toxicity of DY131. We found that ERRγ was downregulated in the liver tissues from LPS-treated mice. Pretreatment with DY131 ameliorated LPS-induced liver injury as demonstrated by reduced liver enzyme release (ALT, AST, and LDH), improved liver morphological damage, and attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Meanwhile, DY131 had no significant side effects on hepatic and renal functions in mice. Finally, transcriptomics analysis revealed that the dysregulated pathways associated with inflammation and metabolism were significantly reversed by DY131 in LPS-treated mice, providing more evidence in favor of the protective effect of DY131 against LPS-induced liver injury. Altogether, these findings highlighted the protective effect of DY131 on LPS-induced hepatotoxicity possibly via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Molecular Biological Mechanism of Action for Qingdu Decoction against Chronic Liver Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6661667. [PMID: 33747110 PMCID: PMC7952185 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Qingdu Decoction (QDD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for treating chronic liver injury (CLI). Materials and methods. A network pharmacology combining experimental validation was used to investigate potential mechanisms of QDD against CLI. We firstly screened the bioactive compounds with pharmacology analysis platform of the Chinese medicine system (TCMSP) and gathered the targets of QDD and CLI. Then, we constructed a compound-target network and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and enriched core targets in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways. At last, we used a CLI rat model to confirm the effect and mechanism of QDD against CLI. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot (WB), and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used. Results 48 bioactive compounds of QDD passed the virtual screening criteria, and 53 overlapping targets were identified as core targets of QDD against CLI. A compound-CLI related target network containing 94 nodes and 263 edges was constructed. KEGG enrichment of core targets contained some pathways related to CLI, such as hepatitis B, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, apoptosis, hepatitis C, interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 signaling pathway. Three PPI clusters were identified and enriched in hepatitis B and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, apoptosis and hepatitis B pathway, and peroxisome pathway, respectively. Animal experiment indicated that QDD decreased serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), endotoxin (ET), and IL-17 and increased prothrombin time activity (PTA) level. WB and RT-qPCR analyses indicated that, compared with the model group, the expression of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-9 (caspase-9) protein, caspase-3 protein, B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein (Bax) mRNA, and cytochrome c (Cyt c) mRNA was inhibited and the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) mRNA was enhanced in the QDD group. Conclusions QDD has protective effect against CLI, which may be related to the regulation of hepatocyte apoptosis. This study provides novel insights into exploring potential biological basis and mechanisms of clinically effective formula systematically.
Collapse
|
16
|
Owen NE, Nyimanu D, Kuc RE, Upton PD, Morrell NW, Alexander GJ, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. Plasma levels of apelin are reduced in patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis but are not correlated with circulating levels of bone morphogenetic protein 9 and 10. Peptides 2021; 136:170440. [PMID: 33171278 PMCID: PMC7883214 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peptide apelin is expressed in human healthy livers and is implicated in the development of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR-II) result in reduced plasma levels of apelin in patients with heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension. Ligands for BMPR-II include bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), highly expressed in liver, and BMP10, expressed in heart and to a lesser extent liver. However, it is not known whether reductions in BMP9 and/or BMP10, with associated reduction in BMPR-II signalling, correlate with altered levels of apelin in patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. METHODS Plasma from patients with liver fibrosis (n = 14), cirrhosis (n = 56), and healthy controls (n = 25) was solid-phase extracted using a method optimised for recovery of apelin, which was measured by ELISA. RESULTS Plasma apelin was significantly reduced in liver fibrosis (8.3 ± 1.2 pg/ml) and cirrhosis (6.5 ± 0.6 pg/ml) patients compared with controls (15.4 ± 2.0 pg/ml). There was no obvious relationship between apelin and BMP 9 or BMP10 previously measured in these patients. Within the cirrhotic group, there was no significant correlation between apelin levels and disease severity scores, age, sex, or treatment with β-blockers. CONCLUSIONS Apelin was significantly reduced in plasma of patients with both early (fibrosis) and late-stage (cirrhosis) liver disease. Fibrosis is more easily reversible and may represent a potential target for new therapeutic interventions. However, it remains unclear whether apelin signalling is detrimental in liver disease or is beneficial and therefore, whether an apelin antagonist or agonist have clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola E Owen
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Duuamene Nyimanu
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Rhoda E Kuc
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Paul D Upton
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Graeme J Alexander
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Upper 3rd Floor, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Janet J Maguire
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anthony P Davenport
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fc-Elabela fusion protein attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced kidney injury in mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:226131. [PMID: 32808659 PMCID: PMC7463303 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition that lacks effective treatments. Elabela (ELA) is a recently discovered kidney peptide hormone, encoded by the gene apela, and has been reported to improve cardio-renal outcomes in sepsis. However, ELA is a small peptide and is largely unsuitable for clinical use because of its short in vivo half-life. In the present study, we evaluated the potential renoprotective effects of a long-acting constant fragment (Fc)-ELA fusion protein in liposaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI in mice. LPS administration in mice for 5 days greatly lowered the gene expression of apela and impaired kidney function, as evidenced by elevated serum creatinine and the ratio of urine protein to creatinine. In addition, renal inflammation and macrophage infiltration were apparent in LPS-challenged mice. Treatment with the Fc-ELA fusion protein partially restored apela expression and attenuated the kidney inflammation. Moreover, LPS treatment induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in kidney HK-2 cells as well as in the mouse kidney, which were mitigated by ELA or Fc-ELA treatment. Finally, we found that ELA promoted the survival of HK-2 cells treated with LPS, and this action was abolished by LY204002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor. Collectively, we have demonstrated that the Fc-ELA fusion protein has significant renoprotective activities against LPS-induced AKI in mice.
Collapse
|
18
|
The Elabela in hypertension, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and preeclampsia: an update. J Hypertens 2020; 39:12-22. [PMID: 32740407 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
: Although considerable success has been shown for antihypertensive medications, the resistant hypertension and hypertension-related organ damages are still the important clinical issues and pose as high health and economic pressure. Therefore, novel therapeutic techniques and antihypertensive drugs are needed to advance more effective therapy of hypertension and hypertension-related disease to ameliorate mortality and healthcare costs worldwide. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in supporting the therapeutic potential of Elabela (ELA), a recently discovered early endogenous ligand for G-protein-coupled receptor apelin peptide jejunum, apelin receptor. Systemic administration of ELA exerts vasodilatory, antihypertensive, cardioprotective, and renoprotective effects, whereas central application of ELA increases blood pressure and causes cardiovascular remodeling primarily secondary to the hypertension. In addition, ELA drives extravillous trophoblast differentiation and prevents the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (a gestational hypertensive syndrome) by promoting placental angiogenesis. These findings strongly suggest peripheral ELA's therapeutic potential in preventing and treating hypertension and hypertension-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and preeclampsia. Since therapeutic use of ELA is mainly limited by its short half-life and parenteral administration, it may be a clinical application candidate for the therapy of hypertension and its complications when fused with a large inert chemicals (e.g. polyethylene glycol, termed polyethylene glycol-ELA-21) or other proteins (e.g. the Fc fragment of IgG and albumin, termed Fc-ELA-21 or albumin-ELA-21), and new delivery methods are encouraged to develop to improve the efficacy of ELA fragments on apelin peptide jejunum or alternative unknown receptors.
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu Z, Yang L, Deng S, Liang M. Daidzein ameliorates LPS-induced hepatocyte injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173399. [PMID: 32712091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endotoxin-induced acute liver injury (ALI) is a severe disease associated with a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to discover new effective therapies to prevent ALI. Daidzein, extracted from leguminous plants, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidative bioactivities. However, little is known about whether daidzein could attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. We investigated the effects of daidzein on hepatocyte injury and its underlying mechanisms. In LPS-induced hepatocyte supernatant, 100 μM daidzein decreased ALT and AST expression levels by 49.3% ± 5.6% and 39.3% ± 3.5%, respectively, with no cytotoxicity. In addition, the expression of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-lβ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were decreased by 100 μM daidzein (73.8% ± 5.3%, 58.8 ± 9.0% and 55.5% ± 7.2%, respectively) in LPS-treated hepatocytes. Western blot analysis showed that daidzein inhibited LPS-induced p-ERK1/2, p-IκBα and p-p65 expression levels. Moreover, 100 μM daidzein reduced the LPS-induced production of Reactive oxygen species by 23.9 ± 7.8% and increased SOD activity by 88.4% ± 18.9% by downregulating Keap-1 and upregulating Nrf2 expression. In conclusion, these data indicate that daidzein ameliorates LPS-induced hepatocyte injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuying Yu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Deng
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Marsault E, Llorens-Cortes C, Iturrioz X, Chun HJ, Lesur O, Oudit GY, Auger-Messier M. The apelinergic system: a perspective on challenges and opportunities in cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1455:12-33. [PMID: 31236974 PMCID: PMC6834863 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The apelinergic pathway has been generating increasing interest in the past few years for its potential as a therapeutic target in several conditions associated with the cardiovascular and metabolic systems. Indeed, preclinical and, more recently, clinical evidence both point to this G protein-coupled receptor as a target of interest in the treatment of not only cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, or septic shock, but also of additional conditions such as water retention/hyponatremic disorders, type 2 diabetes, and preeclampsia. While it is a peculiar system with its two classes of endogenous ligand, the apelins and Elabela, its intricacies are a matter of continuing investigation to finely pinpoint its potential and how it enables crosstalk between the vasculature and organ systems of interest. In this perspective article, we first review the current knowledge on the role of the apelinergic pathway in the above systems, as well as the associated therapeutic indications and existing pharmacological tools. We also offer a perspective on the challenges and potential ahead to advance the apelinergic system as a target for therapeutic intervention in several key areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Marsault
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Llorens-Cortes
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Iturrioz
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Paris, France
| | - Hyung J. Chun
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Olivier Lesur
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine – Division of Intensive Care Units, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mannix Auger-Messier
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine – Division of Cardiology, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roles of the Hepatic Endocannabinoid and Apelin Systems in the Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111311. [PMID: 31653030 PMCID: PMC6912778 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the consequence of an unresolved wound healing process in response to chronic liver injury and involves multiple cell types and molecular mechanisms. The hepatic endocannabinoid and apelin systems are two signalling pathways with a substantial role in the liver fibrosis pathophysiology-both are upregulated in patients with advanced liver disease. Endogenous cannabinoids are lipid-signalling molecules derived from arachidonic acid involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular dysfunction, portal hypertension, liver fibrosis, and other processes associated with hepatic disease through their interactions with the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Apelin is a peptide that participates in cardiovascular and renal functions, inflammation, angiogenesis, and hepatic fibrosis through its interaction with the APJ receptor. The endocannabinoid and apelin systems are two of the multiple cell-signalling pathways involved in the transformation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblast like cells, the main matrix-producing cells in liver fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying the control of hepatic stellate cell activity are coincident despite the marked dissimilarities between the endocannabinoid and apelin signalling pathways. This review discusses the current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the hepatic endocannabinoid and apelin systems play a significant role in the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Arababadi MK, Asadikaram P, Asadikaram G. APLN/APJ pathway: The key regulator of macrophage functions. Life Sci 2019; 232:116645. [PMID: 31299236 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play key roles during cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their related complications. Apelin (APLN) is a key molecule, whose roles during CVD have been documented previously. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that APLN may perform its roles via modulation of macrophages. Additionally, due to the widespread distribution of the CVD, more effective therapeutic strategies need to be developed to overcome the related complications. This review article collected recent information regarding the roles of APLN on the macrophages and discusses its potential chance to be a target for molecular/cellular therapy of APLN and the APLN treated macrophages for CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipur Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Parisa Asadikaram
- Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipur Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang Z, Luo X, Liu M, Chen L. Function and regulation of apelin/APJ system in digestive physiology and pathology. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7796-7810. [PMID: 30390294 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Apelin is an endogenous ligand of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin and APJ are distributed in various tissues, including the heart, lung, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract and even in tumor tissues. Studies show that apelin messenger RNA is widely expressed in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, including stomach and small intestine, which is closely correlated with GI function. Thus, the apelin/APJ system may exert a broad range of activities in the digestive system. In this paper, we review the role of the apelin/APJ system in the digestive system in physiological conditions, such as gastric acid secretion, control of appetite and food intake, cell proliferation, cholecystokinin secretion and histamine release, gut-brain axis, GI motility, and others. In pathological conditions, the apelin/APJ system plays an important role in the healing process of stress gastric injury, the clinical features and prognosis of patients with gastric cancers, the reduction of inflammatory response to enteritis and pancreatitis, the mediation of liver fibrogenesis, the promotion of liver damage, the inhibition of liver regeneration, the contribution of splanchnic neovascularization in portal hypertension, the treatment of colon cancer, and GI oxidative damage. Overall, the apelin/APJ system plays diversified functions and regulatory roles in digestive physiology and pathology. Further exploration of the relationship between the apelin/APJ system and the digestive system will help to find new and effective drugs for treating and alleviating the pain of digestive diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuling Luo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Meiqing Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|