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Jiang Y, Zhong S, He S, Weng J, Liu L, Ye Y, Chen H. Biomarkers (mRNAs and non-coding RNAs) for the diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1087925. [PMID: 36817438 PMCID: PMC9929281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1087925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have continued to improve. However, in the advanced stages of the disease, patients are unable to achieve long-term clinical remission and often suffer from systemic multi-organ damage and severe complications. Patients with RA usually have no overt clinical manifestations in the early stages, and by the time a definitive diagnosis is made, the disease is already at an advanced stage. RA is diagnosed clinically and with laboratory tests, including the blood markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the autoantibodies rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). However, the presence of RF and ACPA autoantibodies is associated with aggravated disease, joint damage, and increased mortality, and these autoantibodies have low specificity and sensitivity. The etiology of RA is unknown, with the pathogenesis involving multiple factors and clinical heterogeneity. The early diagnosis, subtype classification, and prognosis of RA remain challenging, and studies to develop minimally invasive or non-invasive biomarkers in the form of biofluid biopsies are becoming more common. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules are composed of long non-coding RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, which play an essential role in disease onset and progression and can be used in the early diagnosis and prognosis of RA. In this review of the diagnostic and prognostic approaches to RA disease, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the subject, focusing on recent advances in mRNA-ncRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers from the biofluid to the tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Zhong
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenghua He
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juanling Weng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijin Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, GuangzhouPanyu Health Management Center (Panyu Rehabilitation Hospital), Guangzhou, China
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2
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Parray Z, Zargar MH, Asimi R, Dar WR, Yaqoob A, Raina A, Ganie H, Wani M, Shah ZA. Interleukin 32 gene promoter polymorphism: A genetic risk factor for multiple sclerosis in Kashmiri population. Gene X 2022; 824:146261. [PMID: 35131367 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the exact cause of multiple sclerosis is not known, there are a number of factors involved mainly environmental and genetic factors. The present study was done to determine association between IL-32 gene promoter polymorphism and IL-32 levels with multiple sclerosis. METHODS 48 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients and 60 healthy controls were compared for IL-32 gene promoter polymorphism and IL-32 levels. RESULTS There was no significant difference in genotype CT between the MS patients and healthy controls (p 0.130) where as a significant difference in genotype (CC) frequencies among MS patients and healthy controls (p 0.039) was observed. The difference in C allele frequency was also statistically significant between two study groups (p 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the CC genotype might impact the risk of disease susceptibility up to 3.71 times and the presence of C allele might increase the risk of susceptibility to multiple sclerosis by 2.26 fold. The serum IL-32 levels were not statistically different multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls and between wild and mutant genotypes. CONCLUSIONS IL-32 gene promoter polymorphism is a genetic risk factor for multiple sclerosis patients particularly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor Parray
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Mahrukh H Zargar
- Department of Advanced Human Genetics, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India.
| | - Ravouf Asimi
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Waseem R Dar
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Arjimand Yaqoob
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Adnan Raina
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Hilal Ganie
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Maqbool Wani
- Department of Neurology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
| | - Zafar A Shah
- Department of Immunology, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J & K 190011, India
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Ribeiro-Dias F, Oliveira I. A Critical Overview of Interleukin 32 in Leishmaniases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849340. [PMID: 35309341 PMCID: PMC8927017 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) has several immune regulatory properties, which have driven its investigation in the context of various diseases. IL-32 expression is reported to be induced in the lesions of patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) by the New World Leishmania spp. that are responsible for causing ATL and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). IL-32 expression may elevate the inflammatory process through the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and also via mechanisms directed to kill the parasites. The genetic variants of IL-32 might be associated with the resistance or susceptibility to ATL, while different isoforms of IL-32 could be associated with distinct T helper lymphocyte profiles. IL-32 also determines the transcriptional profile in the bone marrow progenitor cells to mediate the trained immunity induced by β-glucan and BCG, thereby contributing to the resistance against Leishmania. IL-32γ is essential for the vitamin D-dependent microbicidal pathway for parasite control. In this context, the present review report briefly discusses the data retrieved from the studies conducted on IL-32 in leishmaniasis in humans and mice to highlight the current challenges to understanding the role of IL-32 in leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Hamzaoui K, Borhani-Haghighi A, Dhifallah IB, Hamzaoui A. Elevated levels of IL-32 in cerebrospinal fluid of neuro-Behcet disease: Correlation with NLRP3 inflammasome. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 365:577820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Jin S, Liu X, Wang Y, Yu J, Jiang M. Effects of IL-32 polymorphisms and IL-32 levels on the susceptibility and severity of coronary artery disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24114. [PMID: 34799941 PMCID: PMC8761453 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin‐32 (IL‐32) has long been proposed as a biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the association between IL‐32 levels and coronary stenosis severity, IL‐32 polymorphisms rs28372698 and rs4786370, and CAD susceptibility. Methods A total of 362 patients with definite or suspected CAD that underwent angiography were recruited (CAD group, n = 175; nonobstructive CAD group, n = 56; control group, n = 131). The severity of coronary stenosis was assessed using the Gensini score and the number of diseased vessels. IL‐32 levels were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Gene polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR and sequencing techniques. Results IL‐32 levels were significantly different at different levels of coronary artery stenosis (p < 0.05), and logIL‐32 was positively correlated with the Gensini score (r = 0.357, p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL‐32 was independently associated with CAD (OR = 6.526, 95% CI: 3.344–12.739, p < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed the area under the curve for discriminating the CAD and Gensini score were 0.605 and 0.613, respectively. Furthermore, IL‐32 levels were significantly higher before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than at 7 days post‐PCI (p = 0.012). The homozygous TT genotype and T allele of rs28372698 were found to be associated with increased risk of CAD, while TT homozygosity and the T allele of rs4786370 with reduced risk of CAD (p < 0.05). However, both SNPs had no obvious effect on IL‐32 levels or coronary stenosis severity in patients with CAD. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to show that rs28372698 and rs4786370 are associated with CAD susceptibility in Chinese Han population. We also suggest that plasma IL‐32 levels may be indicative of coronary artery stenosis and the efficacy of PCI and provide guidance for risk stratification and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiujing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minghua Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Mazlum F, Gharesi-Fard B, Hadinedoushan H, Bakhshizadeh Ghashti Y. Association between interleukin-32 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2021; 40:218-225. [PMID: 34346819 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2021.1958836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine association between IL-32 gene polymorphism, and serum levels of IL-32 and susceptibility to preeclampsia (PE). METHODS The frequency of IL-32 rs9927163 and rs4786370 polymorphisms was determined by PCR-RFLP. Also ELISA was used to determine the levels of serum IL-32. RESULTS Regarding rs4786370 C/T SNPs, the frequencies of CT, TT genotypes, and T allele were shown to be higher in the PE patients. IL-32 serum level significantly increased in the PE patients. CONCLUSION Variety of allele and genotype IL32 rs4786370 as well as a rise in serum level of IL-32 can be regarded as a risk factor for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mazlum
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Behrouz Gharesi-Fard
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Hadinedoushan
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Zheng S, Li M, Pan X, Huang X. Association of IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism with active chronic HBV infection. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6236-6240. [PMID: 34138488 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32), a multiple proinflammatory cytokine, plays a vital role in immune-related diseases and infectious diseases. The promoter region of IL-32, which showed functional polymorphism, could regulate IL-32 expression. Although IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism has been related to a lot of inflammatory diseases, the association of IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism with a hepatic flare of chronic HBV infection has not been reported. In the present study, IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism was genotyped in 104 chronic HBV carriers and 151 active chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The frequency of IL-32 T/T genotype in patients with active CHB was significantly higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. Furthermore, the frequency of the T allele at IL-32 rs28372698 in active CHB patients was also higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. The serum level of IL-32 in active CHB patients was higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. Our results imply that IL-32 T/T polymorphism might be associated with a hepatic flare of chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- VIP Healthcare Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Bonek K, Roszkowski L, Massalska M, Maslinski W, Ciechomska M. Biologic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Context of Biosimilars, Genetics, Epigenetics and COVID-19 Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:323. [PMID: 33557301 PMCID: PMC7914976 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects around 1.2% of the adult population. RA is one of the main reasons for work disability and premature retirement, thus substantially increasing social and economic burden. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) were shown to be an effective therapy especially in those rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, who did not adequately respond to conventional synthetic DMARD therapy. However, despite the proven efficacy, the high cost of the therapy resulted in limitation of the widespread use and unequal access to the care. The introduction of biosimilars, which are much cheaper relative to original drugs, may facilitate the achievement of the therapy by a much broader spectrum of patients. In this review we present the properties of original biologic agents based on cytokine-targeted (blockers of TNF, IL-6, IL-1, GM-CSF) and cell-targeted therapies (aimed to inhibit T cells and B cells properties) as well as biosimilars used in rheumatology. We also analyze the latest update of bDMARDs' possible influence on DNA methylation, miRNA expression and histone modification in RA patients, what might be the important factors toward precise and personalized RA treatment. In addition, during the COVID-19 outbreak, we discuss the usage of biologicals in context of effective and safe COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, early diagnosing along with therapeutic intervention based on personalized drugs targeting disease-specific genes is still needed to relieve symptoms and to improve the quality of life of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Bonek
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (K.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Leszek Roszkowski
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (K.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Magdalena Massalska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
| | - Wlodzimierz Maslinski
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
| | - Marzena Ciechomska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
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Inhibition of IL-32 Expression Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1713-1727. [PMID: 32474900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia represents a major cause of disability, yet its precise mechanism remains unknown. In addition, ischemia-reperfusion injury which occurs during the blood recovery process increases the risk of mortality, and is not adequately addressed with current treatment. To improve therapeutic options, it is important to explore the vital substances that play a pivotal role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study is the first to investigate the role of IL-32, a vital pro-inflammatory factor, in models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results showed that IL-32 was highly expressed in both in vivo and in vitro models. The proteins of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway were also up-regulated, indicating a potential signaling pathway mechanism. Inhibition of IL-32 and blocking of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway increased cell survival, decreased the level of inflammatory factors and inflammasomes, and attenuated nitrosative stress. Taken together, the results show that inhibition of IL-32 expression ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. The findings in this study reveal that IL-32 is a vital target of ischemia-reperfusion injury, providing a new avenue for treatment development.
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