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Scandura G, Kumari P, Palmisano G, Karanikolos GN, Orwa J, Dumée LF. Nanoporous Dealloyed Metal Materials Processing and Applications─A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Scandura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Giovanni Palmisano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Georgios N. Karanikolos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Catalysis and Separations (CeCaS), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Julius Orwa
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Ludovic F. Dumée
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Gößler M, Hengge E, Bogar M, Albu M, Knez D, Amenitsch H, Würschum R. In Situ Study of Nanoporosity Evolution during Dealloying AgAu and CoPd by Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:4037-4047. [PMID: 35273676 PMCID: PMC8900123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical dealloying has become a standard technique to produce nanoporous network structures of various noble metals, exploiting the selective dissolution of one component from an alloy. While achieving nanoporosity during dealloying has been intensively studied for the prime example of nanoporous Au from a AgAu alloy, dealloying from other noble-metal alloys has been rarely investigated in the scientific literature. Here, we study the evolution of nanoporosity in the electrochemical dealloying process for both CoPd and AgAu alloys using a combination of in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations, and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). When comparing dealloying kinetics, we find a more rapid progression of the dealloying front for CoPd and also a considerably slower coarsening of the nanoporous structure for Pd in relation to Au. We argue that our findings are natural consequences of the effectively higher dealloying potential and the higher interatomic binding energy for the CoPd alloy. Our results corroborate the understanding of electrochemical dealloying on the basis of two rate equations for dissolution and surface diffusion and suggest the general applicability of this dealloying mechanism to binary alloys. The present study contributes to the future tailoring of structural size in nanoporous metals for improved chemical surface activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gößler
- Institute
of Materials Physics, Graz University of
Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Hengge
- Institute
of Materials Physics, Graz University of
Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marco Bogar
- CERIC-ERIC
C/o Elettra Sincrotrone, S.S. 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University
of Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Mihaela Albu
- Graz
Centre for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel Knez
- Institute
of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis, Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University
of Technology, Stremayrgasse
9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Würschum
- Institute
of Materials Physics, Graz University of
Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Mohanty SK, Kim SJ, Kim JS, Lim YJ, Kim S, Yang M, Park Y, Jeong J, Ihm K, Cho SK, Park KH, Shin HC, Lee H, Nam KM, Yoo HD. Electrochemical Generation of Mesopores and Residual Oxygen for the Enhanced Activity of Silver Electrocatalysts. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5748-5757. [PMID: 34132551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of stable and efficient electrocatalysts is of key importance for the establishment of a sustainable society. The activity of a metal electrocatalyst is determined by its electrochemically active surface area and intrinsic activity, which can be increased using highly porous structures and heteroatomic doping, respectively. Herein, we propose a general strategy of generating mesopores and residual oxygen in metal electrocatalysts by reduction of metastable metal oxides using Ag2O3 electrodeposited onto carbon paper as a model system and demonstrating that the obtained multipurpose porous Ag electrocatalyst has high activity for the electroreduction of O2 and CO2. The presence of mesopores and residual oxygen is confirmed by electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques, and quantum mechanical simulations prove the importance of residual oxygen for electrocatalytic activity enhancement. Thus, the adopted strategy is concluded to allow the synthesis of highly active metal catalysts with controlled mesoporosity and residual oxygen content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Keshari Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ji Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyeok Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyun Yang
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Youchang Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiung Jeong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuwook Ihm
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Cheol Shin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosik Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Deog Yoo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Alvarez-Fernandez A, Reid B, Fornerod MJ, Taylor A, Divitini G, Guldin S. Structural Characterization of Mesoporous Thin Film Architectures: A Tutorial Overview. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:5195-5208. [PMID: 31961128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous thin film architectures are an important class of materials that exhibit unique properties, which include high surface area, versatile surface functionalization, and bicontinuous percolation paths through a broad library of pore arrangements on the 10 nm length scale. Although porosimetry of bulk materials via sorption techniques is common practice, the characterization of thin mesoporous films with small sample volumes remains a challenge. A range of techniques are geared toward providing information over pore morphology, pore size distribution, surface area and overall porosity, but none of them offers a holistic evaluation and results are at times inconsistent. In this work, we present a tutorial overview for the reliable structural characterization of mesoporous films. Three model samples with variable pore size and porosity prepared by block copolymer (BCP) coassembly serve for a rational comparison. Various techniques are assessed side-by-side, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), and ellipsometric porosimetry (EP). We critically discuss advantages and limitations of each technique and provide guidelines for reliable implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , United Kingdom
| | - Barry Reid
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , United Kingdom
| | - Maximiliano J Fornerod
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , United Kingdom
| | - Alaric Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , United Kingdom
| | - Giorgio Divitini
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , Cambridge CB3 0FS , United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , United Kingdom
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Cong W, Gao W, Garvey CJ, Dumée LF, Zhang J, Kent B, Wang G, She F, Kong L. In Situ SAXS Measurement and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Magnetic Alignment of Hexagonal LLC Nanostructures. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:E123. [PMID: 30513837 PMCID: PMC6316328 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The alignment of nanostructures in materials such as lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) templated materials has the potential to significantly improve their performances. However, accurately characterising and quantifying the alignment of such fine structures remains very challenging. In situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and molecular dynamics were employed for the first time to understand the hexagonal LLC alignment process with magnetic nanoparticles under a magnetic field. The enhanced alignment has been illustrated from the distribution of azimuthal intensity in the samples exposed to magnetic field. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the relationship between the imposed force of the magnetic nanoparticles under magnetic field and the force transferred to the LLC cylinders which leads to the LLC alignment. The combinational study with experimental measurement and computational simulation will enable the development and control of nanostructures in novel materials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Weimin Gao
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
- College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China.
| | - Christopher J Garvey
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Ben Kent
- Institute for Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Guang Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Fenghua She
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
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