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Peterhoff D, Thalhauser S, Neckermann P, Barbey C, Straub K, Nazet J, Merkl R, Laengst G, Breunig M, Wagner R. Multivalent display of engineered HIV-1 envelope trimers on silica nanoparticles for targeting and in vitro activation of germline VRC01 B cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 181:88-101. [PMID: 36272655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selective targeting of germline B cells with specifically designed germline-targeting HIV-1 envelope immunogens (GT-Env) is considered a feasible vaccination strategy to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). BnAbs are extremely valuable because they neutralize genetically distant viral strains at the same time. To overcome its inherently low affinity to germline B cells, the aim of the study was to present GT-Env via different immobilization strategies densely arrayed on the surface of nanoparticles. We engineered a prefusion-stabilized GT-Env trimer with affinity to VRC01 germline B cells using a bioinformatics-supported design approach. Distinct glycan modifications and amino acid substitutions yielded a GT-Env trimer which bound to the receptor with a KD of 11.5 µM. Silica nanoparticles with 200 nm diameter (SiNPs) were used for the multivalent display of the novel GT-Env with a 15 nm mean centre-to-centre spacing either by site-specific, covalent conjugation or at random, non-specific adsorption. Oriented, covalent GT-Env conjugation revealed better binding of structure dependent bnAbs as compared to non-specifically adsorbed GT-Env. In addition, GT-Env covalently attached activated a B cell line expressing the germline VRC01 receptor at an EC50 value in the nanomolar range (4 nM), while soluble GT-Env required 1,000-fold higher concentrations to induce signalling. The significantly lower GT-Env concentration was likely required due to avidity effects, which were in the picomolar range. Thus, low affinity antigens may particularly benefit from a particulate and multivalent delivery. In future, SiNPs are ideal to be modified in a modular design with various GT-Env variants that target different stages of germline and bnAb precursor B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Peterhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Thalhauser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Neckermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Clara Barbey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Straub
- Regensburg Center for Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Nazet
- Regensburg Center for Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Merkl
- Regensburg Center for Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Laengst
- Regensburg Center for Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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2
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Farouq MA, Al Qaraghuli MM, Kubiak-Ossowska K, Ferro VA, Mulheran PA. Biomolecular interactions with nanoparticles: applications for coronavirus disease 2019. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 54:101461. [PMID: 33907504 PMCID: PMC8062422 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are small particles sized 1-100 nm, which have a large surface-to-volume ratio, allowing efficient adsorption of drugs, proteins, and other chemical compounds. Consequently, functionalized nanoparticles have potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. A variety of nanoparticles have been studied, including those constructed from inorganic materials, biopolymers, and lipids. In this review, we focus on recent work targeting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Understanding the interactions between coronavirus-specific proteins (such as the spike protein and its host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) with different nanoparticles paves the way to the development of new therapeutics and diagnostics that are urgently needed for the fight against COVID-19, and indeed for related future viral threats that may emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A.H. Farouq
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK,Corresponding author: Farouq, M.A.H
| | - Mohammed M. Al Qaraghuli
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
| | - Karina Kubiak-Ossowska
- Department of Physics/Archie-West HPC, University of Strathclyde, 107 Rottenrow East, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
| | - Valerie A. Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Paul A. Mulheran
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK
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3
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Pujol-Navarro N, Kubiak-Ossowska K, Ferro V, Mulheran P. Simulating Peptide Monolayer Formation: GnRH-I on Silica. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115523. [PMID: 34073815 PMCID: PMC8197186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can provide a detailed view of molecule behaviour at an atomic level, which can be useful when attempting to interpret experiments or design new systems. The decapeptide gonadotrophin-releasing hormone I (GnRH-I) is known to control fertility in mammals for both sexes. It was previously shown that inoculation with silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) coated with GnRH-I makes an effective anti-fertility vaccine due to how the peptide adsorbs to the nanoparticle and is presented to the immune system. In this paper, we develop and employ a protocol to simulate the development of a GnRH-I peptide adlayer by allowing peptides to diffuse and adsorb in a staged series of trajectories. The peptides start the simulation in an immobile state in solution above the model silica surface, and are then released sequentially. This facile approach allows the adlayer to develop in a natural manner and appears to be quite versatile. We find that the GnRH-I adlayer tends to be sparse, with electrostatics dominating the interactions. The peptides are collapsed to the surface and are seemingly free to interact with additional solutes, supporting the interpretations of the GNRH-I/SiNP vaccine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neret Pujol-Navarro
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK;
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Karina Kubiak-Ossowska
- ARCHIE-WeSt, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, 107 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK;
| | - Valerie Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
| | - Paul Mulheran
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK;
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Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and the search for specialised therapy options has been a challenge for decades. The emergence of active targeted therapies provides the opportunity to treat cancerous tissues without harming healthy ones due to peculiar physiological changes. Herein, peptides and peptide analogs have been gaining a lot of attention over the last decade, especially for the on-site delivery of therapeutics to target tissues in order to achieve efficient and reliable cancer treatment. Combining peptides with highly efficient drug delivery platforms could potentially eliminate off-target adverse effects encountered during active targeting of conventional chemotherapeutics. Small size, ease of production and characterisation, low immunogenicity and satisfactory binding affinity of peptides offer some advantages over other complex targeting moiety, no wonder the market of peptide-based drugs continues to expand expeditiously. It is estimated that the global peptide drug market will be worth around USD 48.04 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.4%. In this review, the current state of art of peptide-based therapeutics with special interest on tumour targeting peptides has been discussed. Moreover, various active targeting strategies such as the use functionalised peptides or peptide analogs are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Seda Timur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Neslihan Gürsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have become increasingly useful in the modern drug development process. In this review, we give a broad overview of the current application possibilities of MD in drug discovery and pharmaceutical development. Starting from the target validation step of the drug development process, we give several examples of how MD studies can give important insights into the dynamics and function of identified drug targets such as sirtuins, RAS proteins, or intrinsically disordered proteins. The role of MD in antibody design is also reviewed. In the lead discovery and lead optimization phases, MD facilitates the evaluation of the binding energetics and kinetics of the ligand-receptor interactions, therefore guiding the choice of the best candidate molecules for further development. The importance of considering the biological lipid bilayer environment in the MD simulations of membrane proteins is also discussed, using G-protein coupled receptors and ion channels as well as the drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes as relevant examples. Lastly, we discuss the emerging role of MD simulations in facilitating the pharmaceutical formulation development of drugs and candidate drugs. Specifically, we look at how MD can be used in studying the crystalline and amorphous solids, the stability of amorphous drug or drug-polymer formulations, and drug solubility. Moreover, since nanoparticle drug formulations are of great interest in the field of drug delivery research, different applications of nano-particle simulations are also briefly summarized using multiple recent studies as examples. In the future, the role of MD simulations in facilitating the drug development process is likely to grow substantially with the increasing computer power and advancements in the development of force fields and enhanced MD methodologies.
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Macht M, Becit B, Zahn D. On the Role of Silica Carrier Curvature for the Unloading of Small Drug Molecules: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2018-2023. [PMID: 32173324 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present atomic scale models of differently shaped silica surfaces loaded by gemcitabine and ibuprofene molecules. Despite the dissimilar nature of the drug molecules, their association to silica carriers shows quite similar characteristics. We identify a well-defined contact layer that is stabilized by silica-molecule salt-bridges/hydrogen bonding in parallel to interactions among the drug molecules. Additional loading of the carriers leads to rough films with dynamically evolving asperities rather than layer-by-layer ordering. To elucidate the role of differently shaped silica surfaces, we compared planar slab models and spherical nanoparticles as 2 limiting cases. Despite the strong difference in the curvature of the silica surfaces, our molecular dynamics simulations show only small changes of the unloading characteristics. This suggests that the design of different pore shapes in mesoporous silica-based drug carriers mainly affects the migration kinetics rather than the energetics of drug loading and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Macht
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Computer Chemie Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bahanur Becit
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Computer Chemie Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Zahn
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Computer Chemie Centrum, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
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7
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Carraro F, Williams JD, Linares‐Moreau M, Parise C, Liang W, Amenitsch H, Doonan C, Kappe CO, Falcaro P. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of ZIF-8 Biocomposites with Tunable Particle Size. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8123-8127. [PMID: 32059061 PMCID: PMC7318291 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) biocomposites show the capacity to protect and deliver biotherapeutics. To date, the progress in this research area is based on laboratory batch methods. Now, the first continuous flow synthetic method is presented for the encapsulation of a model protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) and a clinical therapeutic (α1-antitrypsin, AAT) in ZIF-8. The in situ kinetics of nucleation, growth, and crystallization of BSA@ZIF-8 were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. By controlling the injection time of ethanol, the particle growth could be quenched by ethanol-induced crystallization from amorphous particles to ZIF-8 crystals. The particle size of the biocomposite was tuned in the 40-100 nm range by varying residence time prior to introduction of ethanol. As a proof-of-concept, this procedure was used for the encapsulation of AAT in ZIF-8. Upon release of the biotherapeutic from the composite, the trypsin inhibitor function of AAT was preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Jason D. Williams
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW)Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE)Inffeldgasse 138010GrazAustria
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Mercedes Linares‐Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Chiara Parise
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”Universita' di BolognaViale del Risorgimento 4BolognaItaly
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW)Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE)Inffeldgasse 138010GrazAustria
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 98010GrazAustria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced NanomaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia
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Carraro F, Velásquez-Hernández MDJ, Astria E, Liang W, Twight L, Parise C, Ge M, Huang Z, Ricco R, Zou X, Villanova L, Kappe CO, Doonan C, Falcaro P. Phase dependent encapsulation and release profile of ZIF-based biocomposites. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3397-3404. [PMID: 34777742 PMCID: PMC8529536 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05433b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocomposites composed of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) are generating significant interest due to their facile synthesis, and capacity to protect proteins from harsh environments. Here we systematically varied the composition (i.e. relative amounts of ligand (2-methylimidazole), metal precursor (Zn(OAc)2·2H2O), and protein) and post synthetic treatments (i.e. washes with water or water/ethanol) to prepare a series of protein@ZIF biocomposites. These data were used to construct two ternary phase diagrams that showed the synthesis conditions employed gave rise to five different phases including, for the first time, biocomposites based on ZIF-CO3-1. We examined the influence of the different phases on two properties relevant to drug delivery applications: encapsulation efficiency and release profile. The encapsulation efficiencies of bovine serum albumin and insulin were phase dependent and ranged from 75% to 100%. In addition, release profiles showed that 100% protein release varied between 40 and 300 minutes depending on the phase. This study provides a detailed compositional map for the targeted preparation of ZIF-based biocomposites of specific phases and a tool for the straightforward analysis of the crystalline phases of ZIF based materials (web application named "ZIF phase analysis"). These data will facilitate the progress of ZIF bio-composites in the fields of biomedicine and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - M de J Velásquez-Hernández
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - E Astria
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - W Liang
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - L Twight
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - C Parise
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Universita' di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - M Ge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University 106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University 106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - R Ricco
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - X Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University 106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - L Villanova
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Chemical and Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 10-12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - C O Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - C Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - P Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
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9
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Carraro F, Williams JD, Linares‐Moreau M, Parise C, Liang W, Amenitsch H, Doonan C, Kappe CO, Falcaro P. Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of ZIF‐8 Biocomposites with Tunable Particle Size. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Jason D. Williams
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mercedes Linares‐Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Chiara Parise
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari” Universita' di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna Italy
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia
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