1
|
Lee JH, Lee S, Anthony JE, Lim S, Nguyen KV, Kim SB, Jang J, Jang HW, Lee H, Lee WH. Crystal Engineering Under Residual Solvent Evaporation: A Journey Into Crystallization Chronicles of Soluble Acenes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405966. [PMID: 39344519 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
In the pursuit of achieving high-performance and high-throughput organic transistors, this study highlights two critical aspects: designing new soluble acenes and optimizing their solution processing. A fundamental understanding of the crystallization mechanism inherent to these customized soluble acenes, as they undergo a transformation during the evaporation of residual solvent, is deemed essential. Here, the pathway to crafting ideal solution processing conditions is elucidated, meticulously tailored to the molecular structure of soluble acenes when blended with polymers. Employing a comprehensive array of analytical and computational methodologies, this investigation delves directly into the intricate interplay between processing parameters and crystallization mechanisms, firmly rooted in the domains of thermodynamics and kinetics. Notably, a delicate equilibrium where the optimal weight of residual solvent harmoniously aligns is uncovered with the specific attributes of soluble acene molecules, exerting influence over vertical phase separation with the blended polymer and the crystallization process of soluble acenes at the surface. Consequently, transistors showcasing remarkable field-effect mobility exceeding 8 cm2 V-1 s-1 are successfully developed. These findings provide invaluable guidance for navigating the path toward determining optimal solution processing conditions across a diverse array of soluble acene/polymer blend systems, all achieved through the strategic application of crystal and residual solvent engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Lee
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - John E Anthony
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40511, USA
| | - Soohwan Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ky Van Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Beom Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonkyung Lee
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lim S, Nguyen KV, Lee WH. Enhancing Sensitivity in Gas Detection: Porous Structures in Organic Field-Effect Transistor-Based Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2862. [PMID: 38732968 PMCID: PMC11086080 DOI: 10.3390/s24092862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Gas detection is crucial for detecting environmentally harmful gases. Organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based gas sensors have attracted attention due to their promising performance and potential for integration into flexible and wearable devices. This review examines the operating mechanisms of OFET-based gas sensors and explores methods for improving sensitivity, with a focus on porous structures. Researchers have achieved significant enhancements in sensor performance by controlling the thickness and free volume of the organic semiconductor layer. Additionally, innovative fabrication techniques like self-assembly and etching have been used to create porous structures, facilitating the diffusion of target gas molecules, and improving sensor response and recovery. These advancements in porous structure fabrication suggest a promising future for OFET-based gas sensors, offering increased sensitivity and selectivity across various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wi Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jo Y, Lee J, Kim C, Jang J, Hwang I, Hong J, Lee MJ. Engineered molecular stacking crystallinity of bar-coated TIPS-pentacene/polystyrene films for organic thin-film transistors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2700-2706. [PMID: 36741138 PMCID: PMC9846947 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05924j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Solution-based blended polymer materials are promising for electronic applications in many fields. However, determining a controllable method to achieve electronically active organic films through the practical liquid deposition process is very challenging. In this study, we suggest employing hybrid binary organic mixture inks (an insulating polymer polystyrene (PS)) and an organic semiconductor (6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethnyl)pentacene (TIPS-pentacene)) to manage and enhance the characteristics of TIPS-pentacene organic layers using a bar-coating method. Binary mixtures with PS molecules can provide various microstructures, crystal orientations, and molecular stacking of the active TIPS-pentacene organic layers under the proper fabrication parameters during bar-coating. Varying the molecular weight of the PS mixture, weight percentage of the TIPS-pentacene, and deposition parameters, such as the bar-coating speed, direction, and contact angles between the crystal orientation of TIPS-pentacene and Au electrodes, is crucial to guarantee high-electronic properties. The electrodes with TIPS-pentacene/PS (MW = 4000) binary films at a 40 wt% TIPS-pentacene ratio demonstrate the outstanding room-temperature field-effect mobility of 1.215 cm2 V-1 s-1, four times higher than that of pure TIPS-pentacene transistors (100 wt%). The performance improvement of the TIPS-pentacene layers is highly attributed to the ideal spherulite structure and thick molecular stacking properties, which can guarantee favorable charge transport paths through organic films. These findings demonstrate a promising strategy for blending organic applications to improve the performance of organic electronic devices using practical fabrication processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| | - Jonghan Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| | - Chaewon Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| | - Junhyeok Jang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| | - Inchan Hwang
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University Seoul 01897 South Korea
| | - John Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| | - Mi Jung Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University Seoul 02707 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Microstructural Control of Soluble Acene Crystals for Field-Effect Transistor Gas Sensors. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152564. [PMID: 35893530 PMCID: PMC9331709 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Microstructural control during the solution processing of small-molecule semiconductors (namely, soluble acene) is important for enhancing the performance of field-effect transistors (FET) and sensors. This focused review introduces strategies to enhance the gas-sensing properties (sensitivity, recovery, selectivity, and stability) of soluble acene FET sensors by considering their sensing mechanism. Defects, such as grain boundaries and crystal edges, provide diffusion pathways for target gas molecules to reach the semiconductor-dielectric interface, thereby enhancing sensitivity and recovery. Representative studies on grain boundary engineering, patterning, and pore generation in the formation of soluble acene crystals are reviewed. The phase separation and microstructure of soluble acene/polymer blends for enhancing gas-sensing performance are also reviewed. Finally, flexible gas sensors using soluble acenes and soluble acene/polymer blends are introduced, and future research perspectives in this field are suggested.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zajaczkowska H, Veith L, Waliszewski W, Bartkiewicz MA, Borkowski M, Sleczkowski P, Ulanski J, Graczykowski B, Blom PWM, Pisula W, Marszalek T. Self-Aligned Bilayers for Flexible Free-Standing Organic Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:59012-59022. [PMID: 34866376 PMCID: PMC8678985 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing and flexible field-effect transistors based on 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene (TIPS-pentacene)/polystyrene bilayers are obtained by well-controlled phase separation of both components. The phase separation is induced by solvent vapor annealing of initially amorphous blend films, leading to crystallization of TIPS-pentacene as the top layer. The crystallinity and blend morphology strongly depend on the molecular weight of polystyrene, and under optimized conditions, distinct phase separation with a well-defined and trap-free interface between both fractions is achieved. Due to the distinct bilayer morphology, the resulting flexible field-effect transistors reveal similar charge carrier mobilities as rigid devices and additionally pronounced environmental and bias stress stabilities. The performance of the flexible transistors remains stable up to a strain of 1.8%, while above this deformation, a close relation between current and strain is observed that is required for applications in strain sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Zajaczkowska
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Lothar Veith
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Witold Waliszewski
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata A. Bartkiewicz
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty
of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Borkowski
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Sleczkowski
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Ulanski
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Graczykowski
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty
of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 2, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Irfan A, Imran M, Thomas R, Mumtaz MW, Shah AT, Qayyum MA, Hussien M, Ullah S, Assiri MA, Al-Sehemi AG. Investigating the Bulk Level Optoelectronic Characteristics of 10-(1,3-Dithiol-2-Ylidene)Anthracene Based Light Harvesters. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1988995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renjith Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, St Berchmans College (Autonomous), Changanassery, Kerala, India
| | | | - Asma Tufail Shah
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Pesticide Formulation Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keith JA, Vassilev-Galindo V, Cheng B, Chmiela S, Gastegger M, Müller KR, Tkatchenko A. Combining Machine Learning and Computational Chemistry for Predictive Insights Into Chemical Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9816-9872. [PMID: 34232033 PMCID: PMC8391798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning models are poised to make a transformative impact on chemical sciences by dramatically accelerating computational algorithms and amplifying insights available from computational chemistry methods. However, achieving this requires a confluence and coaction of expertise in computer science and physical sciences. This Review is written for new and experienced researchers working at the intersection of both fields. We first provide concise tutorials of computational chemistry and machine learning methods, showing how insights involving both can be achieved. We follow with a critical review of noteworthy applications that demonstrate how computational chemistry and machine learning can be used together to provide insightful (and useful) predictions in molecular and materials modeling, retrosyntheses, catalysis, and drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Keith
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Valentin Vassilev-Galindo
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, University
of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Bingqing Cheng
- Accelerate
Programme for Scientific Discovery, Department
of Computer Science and Technology, 15 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FD, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Chmiela
- Department
of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gastegger
- Department
of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus-Robert Müller
- Machine
Learning Group, Technische Universität
Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Google Research, Brain Team, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, University
of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Organic Thin-Film Transistors as Gas Sensors: A Review. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010003. [PMID: 33375044 PMCID: PMC7792760 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are miniaturized devices based upon the electronic responses of organic semiconductors. In comparison to their conventional inorganic counterparts, organic semiconductors are cheaper, can undergo reversible doping processes and may have electronic properties chiefly modulated by molecular engineering approaches. More recently, OTFTs have been designed as gas sensor devices, displaying remarkable performance for the detection of important target analytes, such as ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The present manuscript provides a comprehensive review on the working principle of OTFTs for gas sensing, with concise descriptions of devices’ architectures and parameter extraction based upon a constant charge carrier mobility model. Then, it moves on with methods of device fabrication and physicochemical descriptions of the main organic semiconductors recently applied to gas sensors (i.e., since 2015 but emphasizing even more recent results). Finally, it describes the achievements of OTFTs in the detection of important gas pollutants alongside an outlook toward the future of this exciting technology.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mukhopadhyaya T, Wagner JS, Fan H, Katz HE. Design and Synthesis of Air-Stable p-Channel-Conjugated Polymers for High Signal-to-Drift Nitrogen Dioxide and Ammonia Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21974-21984. [PMID: 32315154 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-performance-conjugated polymer-based gas sensors involves detailed structural tailoring such that high sensitivities are achieved without compromising the stability of the fabricated devices. In this work, we systematically developed a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymer semiconductors by modifying the polymer backbone to achieve and rationalize enhancements in gas sensitivities and electronic stability in air. NO2- and NH3-responsive polymer-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are described with improved air stability compared to all-thiophene conjugated polymers. Five DPP-fluorene-based polymers were synthesized and compared to two control polymers and used as active layers to detect a concentration of NO2 at least as low as 0.5 ppm. The hypothesis that the less electron-donating fluorene main-chain subunit would lead to increased signal/drift compared to thiophene and carbazole subunits was tested. The sensitivities exhibited a bias voltage-dependent behavior. The proportional on-current change of OFETs using a dithienyl DPP-fluorene polymer reached ∼614% for an exposure to 20 ppm of NO2 for 5 min, testing at a bias voltage of -33 V, among the higher reported NO2 sensitivities for conjugated polymers. Electronic and morphological studies reveal that introduction of the fluorene unit in the DPP backbone decreases the ease of backbone oxidation and induces traps in the thin films. The combination of thin-film morphology and oxidation potentials governs the gas-absorbing properties of these materials. The ratio of responses on exposure to NO2 and NH3 compared to drifts while taking the device through repeated gate voltage sweeps is the highest for two polymers incorporating electron-donating linkers connecting the DPP and thiophene units in the backbone, in this category of organic semiconductors. The responses to NO2 were much larger than that to NH3, indicating increased susceptibility to oxidizing vs reducing gases, and that the capability of oxidizing gases to induce additional charge density has a more dramatic electronic effect than when reducing gases create traps. This work demonstrates the capability of achieving improved stability with the retention of high sensitivity in conjugated polymer-based OFET sensors by modulating redox and morphological properties of polymer semiconductors by structural control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tushita Mukhopadhyaya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Justine S Wagner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Huidong Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mandal S, Mandal A, Jana G, Mallik S, Roy S, Ghosh A, Chattaraj PK, Goswami DK. Low Operating Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Gelatin as a Moisture-Induced Ionic Dielectric Layer: The Issues of High Carrier Mobility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19727-19736. [PMID: 32233358 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have developed low-voltage (<2 V) flexible organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with high carrier mobility using gelatin as a moisture-induced ionic gate dielectric system. Ionic concentration in the gelatin layer depends on the relative humidity condition during the measurement. The capacitance of the dielectric layer used for the calculation of field-effect carrier mobility for the OFETs crucially depends on the frequency at which the capacitance was measured. The results of frequency-dependent gate capacitance together with the anomalous bias-stress effect have been used to determine the exact frequency at which the carrier mobility should be calculated. The observed carrier mobility of the devices is 0.33 cm2/Vs with the capacitance measured at frequency 20 mHz. It can be overestimated to 14 cm2/Vs with the capacitance measured at 100 kHz. The devices can be used as highly sensitive humidity sensors. About three orders of magnitude variation in device current have been observed on the changes in relative humidity (RH) levels from 10 to 80%. The devices show a fast response with a response and recovery times of ∼100 and ∼110 ms, respectively. The devices are flexible up to a 5 mm bending radius.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mandal
- Organic Electronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Ajoy Mandal
- Organic Electronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Gourhari Jana
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Samik Mallik
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharapur 721302, India
| | - Satyajit Roy
- Organic Electronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Organic Electronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dipak K Goswami
- Organic Electronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharapur 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chou LH, Na Y, Park CH, Park MS, Osaka I, Kim FS, Liu CL. Semiconducting small molecule/polymer blends for organic transistors. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
12
|
Hou S, Yu J, Zhuang X, Li D, Liu Y, Gao Z, Sun T, Wang F, Yu X. Phase Separation of P3HT/PMMA Blend Film for Forming Semiconducting and Dielectric Layers in Organic Thin-Film Transistors for High-Sensitivity NO 2 Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44521-44527. [PMID: 31679331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Formation of the semiconductor/dielectric double-layered films via vertical phase separations from polymer blends is an effective method to fabricate organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). Here, we introduce a simple one-step processing method for the vertical phase separation of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends in OTFTs and their applications for high-performance nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensors. Compared to the conventional two-step coated OTFT sensors, one-step processed devices exhibit a great enhancement of the responsivity from 116 to 1481% for 30 ppm NO2 concentration and a limit of detection of ∼0.7 ppb. Studies of the microstructures of the blend films and the electrical properties of the sensors reveal that the devices formed by the one-step vertical phase separation have better capability for the adsorption of NO2 molecules. Moreover, a careful adjustment of the blend ratio between P3HT and PMMA can further improve the performance of the NO2 sensors, ranging from sensitivity to selectivity and to the ability of recovery. This simple one-step processing method demonstrates a potential possibility for developing high-performance, low-cost, and large-area OTFT gas sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xinming Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim K, Nam K, Li X, Lee DY, Kim SH. Programmed Design of Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Patterns with Uniaxial Alignment via Blade Coating for High-Performance Organic Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42403-42411. [PMID: 31617995 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A solution-printing technique that enables the patterning and aligning of organic semiconducting crystals is necessary for their practical application. Here, we report the facile growth of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-PEN) semiconducting crystal patterns via a novel blade-coating technique. Defining low/high shearing-speed regions alternatively in a programmed manner enables the growth of TIPS-PEN crystals in low-speed regions and their patterning in high-speed regions. Various crystal-analysis tools, including polarized UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, reveal that a crystal grown at an optimum shearing speed is highly oriented along the shearing direction with high crystallinity, and its molecules have a more edge-on orientation for efficient lateral-charge transport. As a result, organic field-effect transistors comprised of these crystals show a high field-effect mobility of up to 1.74 cm2/(V s). In addition, various crystal patterns can be created by simply changing the programming parameters, suggesting the broad utility of the crystal patterns and printing technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 37673 , Korea
| | - Kibeom Nam
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , Korea
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Electromechanical Engineering , Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071 , China
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- School of Engineering , Yeungnam University , 280 Daehak-Ro , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk 38541 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|