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Liang H, Chen X, Li Q, Zhang M, Lu P, Zhang J, Song J, Zhang T, Guo B, Ma B. Dammarane-type triterpenoids from Gynostemma longipes and their protective activities on hypoxia-induced injury in PC12 cells. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:466-480. [PMID: 38796219 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Sixteen new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins (1-16) featuring diverse structural variations in the side chain at C-17, along with twenty-one known analogues (17-37), have been isolated from the rhizomes of Gynostemma longipes C. Y. Wu, a plant renowned for its medicinal and edible properties. The structural elucidation of these compounds was accomplished through comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS spectroscopic data, supplemented by comparison with previously reported data. Subsequent assays on the isolates for their protective effects against hypoxia-induced damage in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) revealed that nine saponins exhibited significant anti-hypoxic activities. Further investigation into the anti-hypoxia mechanisms of the representative saponins demonstrated that compounds 22 and 36 markedly reduced the levels of hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Additionally, these compounds were found to decrease the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby indicating that the saponins could mitigate hypoxia-induced injuries by ameliorating apoptosis and oxidative stress. These findings offer substantial evidence for the future utilization and development of G. longipes, identifying dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins as its active anti-hypoxic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Pengxin Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- AnKang Chia Tai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
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2
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Peng Y, Qi Z, Xu Y, Yang X, Cui Y, Sun Q. AMPK and metabolic disorders: The opposite roles of dietary bioactive components and food contaminants. Food Chem 2024; 437:137784. [PMID: 37897819 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AMPK is a key player in a variety of metabolic and physiological processes, which might be considered one of the most promising targets for both prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases. Many dietary components and contaminants have been recently demonstrated to prevent or promote the development these diseases via AMPK-mediated pathways. AMPK can be activated by diverse phytochemical substances such as EGCG, chicoric acid, tomatidine, and others, all of which have been found to contribute to preventing or ameliorating chronic disorders. On the other hand, recent studies have found that metabolic disruptions induced by pesticides such as 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol, imidacloprid, permethrin, are attributed to the inactivation of AMPK. This review may contribute to the development of functional foods for treatment of metabolic syndrome and associated diseases through modulating AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zexiu Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue Cui
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
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3
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Sato S, Hanai T, Kanamoto T, Kawano F, Hikida M, Yokoi H, Take Y, Magome T, Ebina K, Mae T, Tanaka H, Nakata K. Vibration acceleration enhances proliferation, migration, and maturation of C2C12 cells and promotes regeneration of muscle injury in male rats. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15905. [PMID: 38396237 PMCID: PMC10890929 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibration acceleration (VA) using a whole-body vibration device is beneficial for skeletal muscles. However, its effect at the cellular level remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of VA on muscles in vitro and in vivo using the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line and cardiotoxin-induced injury in male rat soleus muscles. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the WST/CCK-8 assay and proportion of Ki-67 positive cells. Cell migration was assessed using wound-healing assay. Cell differentiation was examined by the maturation index in immunostained cultured myotubes and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Regeneration of soleus muscle in rats was assessed by recruitment of satellite cells, cross-sectional area of regenerated muscle fibers, number of centrally nucleated fibers, and conversion of regenerated muscle from fast- to slow-twitch. VA at 30 Hz with low amplitude for 10 min promoted C2C12 cell proliferation, migration, and myotube maturation, without promoting expression of genes related to differentiation. VA significantly increased Pax7-stained satellite cells and centrally nucleated fibers in injured soleus muscles on Day 7 and promoted conversion of fast- to slow-twitch muscle fibers with an increase in the mean cross-sectional area of regenerated muscle fibers on Day 14. VA enhanced the proliferation, migration, and maturation of C2C12 myoblasts and regeneration of injured rat muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seira Sato
- Department of Sports Medical ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hanai
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Takashi Kanamoto
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Fuminori Kawano
- Graduate School of Health SciencesMatsumoto UniversityMatsumotoNaganoJapan
| | - Minami Hikida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNihon University School of DentistryChiyoda‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Yokoi
- Yokoi Health Care and Sports Orthopaedics ClinicToyonakaOsakaJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Take
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Takuya Magome
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Kosuke Ebina
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuo Mae
- Department of Sports Medical BiomechanicsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Sports Medical ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
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4
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Liu Y, Cui X, Zhang X, Xie Z, Wang W, Xi J, Xie Y. Exploring the potential mechanisms of Tongmai Jiangtang capsules in treating diabetic nephropathy through multi-dimensional data. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1172226. [PMID: 38027201 PMCID: PMC10654657 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1172226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent and debilitating disease that represents the leading cause of chronic kidney disease which imposes public health challenges Tongmai Jiangtang capsule (TMJT) is commonly used for the treatment of DN, albeit its underlying mechanisms of action are still elusive. Methods This study retrieved databases to identify the components and collect the targets of TMJT and DN. Target networks were constructed to screen the core components and targets. Samples from the GEO database were utilized to perform analyses of targets and immune cells and obtain significantly differentially expressed core genes (SDECGs). We also selected a machine learning model to screen the feature genes and construct a nomogram. Furthermore, molecular docking, another GEO dataset, and Mendelian randomization (MR) were utilized for preliminary validation. We subsequently clustered the samples based on SDECG expression and consensus clustering and performed analyses between the clusters. Finally, we scored the SDECG score and analyzed the differences between clusters. Results This study identified 13 SDECGs between DN and normal groups which positively regulated immune cells. We also identified five feature genes (CD40LG, EP300, IL1B, GAPDH, and EGF) which were used to construct a nomogram. MR analysis indicated a causal link between elevated IL1B levels and an increased risk of DN. Clustering analysis divided DN samples into four groups, among which, C1 and CI were mainly highly expressed and most immune cells were up-regulated. C2 and CII were the opposite. Finally, we found significant differences in SDECG scores between C1 and C2, CI and CII, respectively. Conclusion TMJT may alleviate DN via core components (e.g. Denudatin B, hancinol, hirudinoidine A) targeting SDECGs (e.g. SRC, EGF, GAPDH), with the involvement of feature genes and modulation of immune and inflammation-related pathways. These findings have potential implications for clinical practice and future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoting Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junyu Xi
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Xie
- Institute Of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cai MT, Zhou Y, Ding WL, Huang YH, Ren YS, Yang ZY, Zhang L, Sun F, Guo HB, Zhou LY, Gong ZH, Piao XH, Wang SM, Ge YW. Identification and localization of morphological feature-specific metabolites in Reynoutria multiflora roots. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113527. [PMID: 36460140 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reynoutria multiflora roots are a classical herbal medicine with unique nourishing therapeutic effects. Anomalous vascular bundle (AVB) forming "cloudy brocade patterns" is a typical morphological feature of R. multiflora roots and has been empirically linked to its quality classification. However, scientific evidence, especially for AVB-specific specialised metabolites, has not been comprehensively revealed thus far. Herein, desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) analysis was applied to carry out an in situ analysis of specialised metabolites distributed specifically at the AVB and cork of R. multiflora roots. To enlarge the scope of compounds by DESI detection, various solvent systems including acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, and water were used to assist in the discoveries of 40 specialised metabolites with determined localization. A series of bioactive constituents including stilbenes, flavonoids, anthraquinones, alkaloids, and naphthalenes were found specifically around the brocade patterns. Notably, phospholipids were detected from R. multiflora roots by in situ analysis for the first time and were found mainly in the phloem of AVB (PAB). This is the first study to use gradient solvent systems in DESI-MSI analysis to locate the specialised metabolites distribution. The discovery of feature-specific compounds will bridge the empirical identification to precision quality control of R. multiflora roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Cai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Luan Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying-Shan Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi-You Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fei Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hai-Biao Guo
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liang-Yun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Gong
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Piao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Pham HTT, Park EJ, Ryu B, Lee HJ, Doan TP, Cho HM, Pham TLG, Oh WK. Insulin-mimetic activity of 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids isolated from Gymnema latifolium. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 205:113513. [PMID: 36375631 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the plant Gymnema latifolium led to the isolation of seven undescribed 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids, gymlatinosides GLF1-GLF7, and two known compounds, gymnemosides D and E. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using diverse spectroscopic methods. The extract of G. latifolium and all isolated compounds significantly enhanced 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) uptake into 3T3-L1 adipocytes at 20 μM. Among them, gymlatinosides GLF2 and gymlatinosides GLF4 showed particularly potent stimulatory effects on glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner. Further investigation revealed that gymlatinosides GLF2 at 20 μM upregulated the expression of phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK). The results suggested that gymlatinosides GLF2 may enhance glucose uptake via regulating the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Thanh-Tung Pham
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeol Ryu
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi-Phuong Doan
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Moon Cho
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Won-Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Dinh TTT, Nguyen TT, Ngo HT, Tran TH, Le BV, Pham TH, Pham HTT, Pham TK, Do TH. Dammarane-type triterpenoids from Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen & D. R. Liang (Cucurbitaceae) and their AMPK activation effect in 3T3-L1 cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 200:113218. [PMID: 35490775 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the 80% ethanol extract of Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen & D. R. Liang (Cucurbitaceae) resulted in the isolation and identification of eight undescribed triterpenoids, gycomol VN1, gycomol VN2, and gycomosides VN1-6 from the bioactive n-butanol fraction. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) activation effects on 3T3-L1 cells. Importantly, gycomol VN2, gycomoside VN1, and gycomosides VN3-5 activated the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream substrate ACC in 3T3-L1 cells at a dose of 10 μM. These effects imply that the activation of AMPK and ACC by active compounds from G. compressum has considerable potential for the prevention of obesity and its related disorders by activating AMPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Thuy Dinh
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam; National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Dong Anh, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Thu Nguyen
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Huy Trung Ngo
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Hien Tran
- Thai Binh University Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon, Thai Binh, Viet Nam
| | - Ba Vinh Le
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 47236, Republic of Korea; Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Huyen Pham
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Ky Pham
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ha Do
- National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Nguyen NH, Ha TKQ, Yang JL, Pham HTT, Oh WK. Triterpenoids from the genus Gynostemma: Chemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113574. [PMID: 33186700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE G. pentaphyllum, also known as Jiao-Gu-Lan, has been used traditionally as folk remedies for many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases in China and some countries in East and Southeast Asia. It is considered as an "immortality herb" in Guizhou Province, because it was consumed regularly by the elderly native inhabitants. Other species of the same genus Gynostemma such as G. longipes and G. laxum have been used as alternatives to G. pentaphyllum in ethno-medicine in Vietnam and other Asian countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to summarize up-to-date study results on Gynostemma species, including traditional usage, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and toxicological studies, in order to suggest future research orientation and therapeutic applications on acute and chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant literature on the genus Gynostemma was gathered from secondary databases (Web of Science and PubMed), books, and official websites. The latest literature cited in this review was published in February 2020. RESULTS The genus Gynostemma has been widely used in traditional medicine, mainly for treatment of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hepatosteatosis. To date, 328 dammarane-type saponins were isolated and structurally elucidated from Gynostemma species. Crude extracts, saponin-rich fractions (gypenosides), and pure compounds were reported to show a wide range of pharmacological activities in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The most notable pharmacological effects were anti-cancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities. Toxicological studies were conducted only on G. pentaphyllum, showing that the plant extracts were relatively safe in both acute and long-term toxicity experiments at the given dosage while no toxicological studies were reported for the other species. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes current studies on traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicology of medicinal Gynostemma species. Till now, the majority of publications still focused only on G. pentaphyllum. However, the promising preliminary data of other Gynostemma species indicated the research potential of this genus, both in phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. Furthermore, clinical data are required to evaluate the efficacy and undesired effects of crude extracts, standard saponin fractions, and pure compounds prepared from Gynostemma medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No. 167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 11313, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Department of Botany, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Li K, Ma C, Li H, Dev S, He J, Qu X. Medicinal Value and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino and Its Derivatives: An Overview. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2855-2867. [PMID: 31724506 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191114104718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
:
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM) and its derivatives, especially gypenosides
(Gyps), are widely used as safe and convenient natural herbal drugs for the treatment of many
diseases for a long time, and Gyps have different oral bioavailability (OB) values and low ability to
cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The effects of GpM and isolates on fibrosis, inflammation, oxidation,
proliferation and migration are proved. GpM shows bidirectional regulation effect on proliferation,
oxidation and apoptosis in tumor and non-tumor cells. GpM and its extractions can resist proliferation,
activate oxidation and apoptosis in tumor cells and have opposite effects on non-tumor cells. We succinctly
present some current views of medicinal value and potential therapeutic mechanisms of GpM
and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Sooranna Dev
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369, Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - JianFeng He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Guangxi, China
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