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Sansonetti M, Al Soodi B, Thum T, Jung M. Macrophage-based therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:1-33. [PMID: 38170281 PMCID: PMC10837257 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advances in treatment options, cardiovascular disease (CVDs) remains the leading cause of death over the world. Chronic inflammatory response and irreversible fibrosis are the main underlying pathophysiological causes of progression of CVDs. In recent decades, cardiac macrophages have been recognized as main regulatory players in the development of these complex pathophysiological conditions. Numerous approaches aimed at macrophages have been devised, leading to novel prospects for therapeutic interventions. Our review covers the advancements in macrophage-centric treatment plans for various pathologic conditions and examines the potential consequences and obstacles of employing macrophage-targeted techniques in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marida Sansonetti
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bashar Al Soodi
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- REBIRTH-Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Khan SU, Saeed S, Sheikh AN, Arbi FM, Shahzad A, Faryal U, Lu K. Crafting a Blueprint for MicroRNA in Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:102010. [PMID: 37544621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a range of disorders, from congenital heart malformation, cardiac valve, peripheral artery, coronary artery, cardiac muscle diseases, and arrhythmias, ultimately leading to heart failure. Despite therapeutic advancements, CVDs remain the primary cause of global mortality, highlighting the need for a thorough knowledge of CVDs at the level of molecular structure. Gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression variations significantly influence cellular pathways, impacting an organism's physiology. MiRNAs, in particular, serve as regulators of gene expression, playing critical roles in essential cellular pathways and influencing the development of various diseases, including CVD. A wealth of evidence supports the involvement of miRNAs in CVD progression. These findings highlight the potential of miRNAs as valuable diagnostic biomarkers and open new avenues for their therapeutic application in CVDs. This study focuses on the latest advancements in identifying and characterizing microRNAs, exploring their manipulation and clinical application, and discussing future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ullah Khan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Women Medical and Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KPK, 22020, Pakistan
| | - Sumbul Saeed
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Ayesha Nazir Sheikh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Mueen Arbi
- Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Shahzad
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Uzma Faryal
- Women Medical and Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KPK, 22020, Pakistan
| | - Kun Lu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Zhang T, Wu Y, Li X, Zhang A, Liu H, Shi M, Zhang Z, Lu W, Guo Y, Tang X, Cui Q, Li Z. Small extracellular vesicles derived from tendon stem cells promote the healing of injured Achilles tendons by regulating miR-145-3p. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:280-296. [PMID: 37806377 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic role of tendon stem cells (TSCs) in tendon-related injuries has been well documented. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are being increasingly used as new biotherapeutic agents for various diseases. Therefore, the potential function of TSC-sEVs in tendon injury repair warrants further investigation. In this study, we explored the effects of TSC-sEVs on TSC proliferation, migration, and differentiation in vitro in an autocrine manner. We further used a novel exosomal topical treatment with TSC-sEVs loaded with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel in vivo; we mixed sufficient amounts of TSC-sEVs with GelMA hydrogel to cover the damaged molded Achilles tendon tissue and then exposed them to UV irradiation for coagulation. GelMA loading ensured that TSC-sEVs were slowly released at the injury site over a long period, thereby achieving their full local therapeutic effects. Treatment with TSC-sEVs loaded with GelMA significantly improved the histological score of the regenerated tendon by increasing the tendon expression while inhibiting the formation of excessive ossification and improving the mechanical properties of the tissue. Moreover, miRNA sequencing in TSC-sEVs, TSCs, and TSCs receiving sEVs revealed that TSC-sEVs altered the miRNA expression profile of TSCs, with increased expression of miR-145-3p. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that TSC-sEVs can play a key role in treating tendon injuries and that loading them with GelMA can enhance their effect in vivo. Moreover, miR-145-3p has a major functional role in the effect of TSC-sEVs. This study offers new therapeutic ideas for the local treatment of Achilles tendon injuries using sEVs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we demonstrated that TSC-sEVs play a key role in treating tendon injuries and that loading them with GelMA hydrogel can act as a fixation and slow release in vivo. Moreover, it identifies the major functional role of miR-145-3p in the effect of TSCs that were identified and validated by miRNA sequencing. Our study provides a basis for further research on GelMA slow-release assays that have potential clinical applications. It offers new therapeutic ideas for the local treatment of Achilles tendon injuries using TSC-sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of General Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of General Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Aodan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Hengchen Liu
- Department of General Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, PR China
| | - Manyu Shi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Zenan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Wenjun Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Yujun Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China
| | - Qingbo Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China.
| | - Zhaozhu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150028, PR China.
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Constantin A, Comarița IK, Alexandru N, Filippi A, Bojin F, Gherghiceanu M, Vîlcu A, Nemecz M, Niculescu LS, Păunescu V, Georgescu A. Stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles reduce the expression of molecules involved in cardiac hypertrophy—In a model of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003684. [PMID: 36299891 PMCID: PMC9589060 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pathological hypertrophy is the major risk factor that usually progresses to heart failure. We hypothesized that extracellular vesicles (EVs), known to act as important mediators in regulating physiological and pathological functions, could have the potential to reduce the cardiac hypertrophy and the ensuing cardiovascular diseases. Herein, the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EV-MSCs) on cardiac hypertrophy were investigated. EVs were isolated from the secretome of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (EV-ADSCs) or bone marrow-derived stem cells (EV-BMMSCs). Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were stimulated with AngII and TGF-β1, in absence or presence of EVs. The results showed that exposure of hiPSC-CMs to AngII and TGF-β1 generated in vitro model of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes characterized by increases in surface area, reactive oxygen species production, protein expression of cardiac-specific biomarkers atrial natriuretic factor, migration inhibitory factor, cTnI, COL1A1, Cx43, α-SMA and signalling molecules SMAD2 and NF-kBp50. The presence of EV-ADSCs or EV-BMMSCs in the hiPSC-CM culture along with hypertrophic stimuli reduced the protein expressions of hypertrophic specific markers (ANF, MIF, cTnI, COL1A1) and the gene expressions of IL-6 molecule involved in inflammatory process associated with cardiac hypertrophy and transcription factors SMAD2, SMAD3, cJUN, cFOS with role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response induced by AngII and TGF-β1. The EV-ADSCs were more effective in reducing the protein expressions of hypertrophic and inflammatory markers, while EV-BMMSCs in reducing the gene expressions of transcription factors. Notably, neither EV-ADSCs nor EV-BMMSCs induced significant changes in cardiac biomarkers Cx43, α-SMA and fibronectin. These different effects of stem cell-derived EVs could be attributed to their miRNA content: some miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-30e-5p, miR-181b-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-210-3p hsa-miR-221-3p) were expressed in both types of EVs and others only in EV-ADSCs (miR-181a-5p, miR-185-5p, miR-21-5p) or in EV-BMMSCs (miR-143-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-93-5p), some of these attenuating the cardiac hypertrophy while others enhance it. In conclusion, in hiPSC-CMs the stem cell-derived EVs through their cargo reduced the expression of hypertrophic specific markers and molecules involved in inflammatory process associated with cardiac hypertrophy. The data suggest the EV potential to act as therapeutic mediators to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and possibly the subsequent cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Constantin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Karla Comarița
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Alexandru
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Filippi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florina Bojin
- Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnology Center (CIFBIOTECH), Department of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer Timisoara-OncoGen, Clinical Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu” Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gherghiceanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
- “Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Vîlcu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Nemecz
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredan Stefan Niculescu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Virgil Păunescu
- Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnology Center (CIFBIOTECH), Department of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer Timisoara-OncoGen, Clinical Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu” Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adriana Georgescu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu” of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Adriana Georgescu,
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Pisklova M, Osmak G, Favorova O. Regulation of SMAD Signaling Pathway by miRNAs Associated with Myocardial Fibrosis: In silico Analysis of Target Gene Networks. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:832-838. [PMID: 36171647 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922080144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary heart disease caused by mutations in the sarcomere genes, which is accompanied by myocardial fibrosis leading to progressive heart failure and arrhythmias. Recent studies suggest that the HCM development involves dysregulation of gene expression. Among the molecules involved in this process are microRNAs (miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNAs. Typically, one miRNA regulates several target genes post-transcriptionally, hence, it might be difficult to determine the role of a particular miRNA in the disease pathogenesis. In this study, using the PubMed database, we selected 15 miRNAs whose expression is associated with myocardial fibrosis, one of the critical pathological processes in HCM. We then used an earlier developed algorithm to search in silico for the signaling pathways regulated by these miRNAs and found that ten of them participate in the regulation of the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. At the same time, among the SMAD signaling pathway genes, the target of the most identified miRNAs was the MYC gene, which is involved in the development of fibrosis in some tissues. In our earlier work, we found that the TGF-β/SMAD pathway is also regulated by a set of other miRNAs associated with the myocardial hypertrophy in HCM. The fact that two sets of miRNAs identified in two independent bioinformatic studies are involved in the regulation of the same signaling pathway indicates that the SMAD signaling cascade is indeed a key element in the regulation of pathological processes in HCM. The obtained data might contribute to understanding pathological processes underlying HCM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pisklova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - German Osmak
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Olga Favorova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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Multicellular regulation of miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5 from adipose stem cell-derived exosomes and cardiac repair. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1281-1301. [PMID: 35894060 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) modulates the post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) repair response. Biomolecules secreted or shuttled within extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, may participate in the concerted response. We investigated the exosome´s microRNAs due to their capacity to fine-tune gene expression, potentially affecting the multicellular repair response. We profiled and quantified rat ASC-exosome miRNAs and used bioinformatics to select uncharacterized miRNAs downregulated in post-MI related to cardiac repair. We selected and validated miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5p as candidates for the concerted response in neonatal cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages using a high-content screening platform. Both miRNAs prevented cardiomyocyte ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species production, increased angiogenesis, and polarized macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory M2 immunophenotype. Moreover, miR-196a-5p reduced and reversed myofibroblast activation and decreased collagen expression. Our data provide evidence that the exosome-derived miR-196a-5p and miR-425-5p influence biological processes critical to the concerted multicellular repair response post-MI.
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Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs and their role in diseases was a breakthrough that inspired research into microRNAs as drug targets. Cardiovascular diseases are an area in which limitations of conventional pharmacotherapy are highly apparent and where microRNA-based drugs have appreciably progressed into preclinical and clinical testing. In this Review, we summarize the current state of microRNAs as therapeutic targets in the cardiovascular system. We report recent advances in the identification and characterization of microRNAs, their manipulation and clinical translation, and discuss challenges and perspectives toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Laggerbauer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Utilization and Potential of RNA-Based Therapies in Cardiovascular Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:956-969. [PMID: 36317129 PMCID: PMC9617127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have the potential to reach previously “undruggable” pathways in cardiovascular disease RNA-based therapeutics constitute a vast array of technologies, including unique forms, chemistries, and modalities of delivery Rapid development of RNA-based vaccines was made possible by decades of foundational work Specificity and efficacy of targeting and determination of mechanism(s) of action remain a distinct challenge
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the largest cause of mortality worldwide. The development of new effective therapeutics is a major unmet need. The current review focuses broadly on the concept of nucleic acid (NA)–based therapies, considering the use of various forms of NAs, including mRNAs, miRNAs, siRNA, and guide RNAs, the latter specifically for the purpose of CRISPR-Cas directed gene editing. We describe the current state-of-the-art of RNA target discovery and development, the status of RNA therapeutics in the context of CVD, and some of the challenges and hurdles to be overcome.
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Louro AF, Paiva MA, Oliveira MR, Kasper KA, Alves PM, Gomes‐Alves P, Serra M. Bioactivity and miRNome Profiling of Native Extracellular Vesicles in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104296. [PMID: 35322574 PMCID: PMC9130911 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are an attractive therapy to boost cardiac regeneration. Nevertheless, identification of native EV and corresponding cell platform(s) suitable for therapeutic application, is still a challenge. Here, EV are isolated from key stages of the human induced pluripotent stem cell-cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) differentiation and maturation, i.e., from hiPSC (hiPSC-EV), cardiac progenitors, immature and mature cardiomyocytes, with the aim of identifying a promising cell biofactory for EV production, and pinpoint the genetic signatures of bioactive EV. EV secreted by hiPSC and cardiac derivatives show a typical size distribution profile and the expression of specific EV markers. Bioactivity assays show increased tube formation and migration in HUVEC treated with hiPSC-EV compared to EV from committed cell populations. hiPSC-EV also significantly increase cell cycle activity of hiPSC-CM. Global miRNA expression profiles, obtained by small RNA-seq analysis, corroborate an EV-miRNA pattern indicative of stem cell to cardiomyocyte specification, confirming that hiPSC-EV are enriched in pluripotency-associated miRNA with higher in vitro pro-angiogenic and pro-proliferative properties. In particular, a stemness maintenance miRNA cluster upregulated in hiPSC-EV targets the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, involved in cell proliferation and survival. Overall, the findings validate hiPSC as cell biofactories for EV production for cardiac regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F. Louro
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Marta A. Paiva
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Marta R. Oliveira
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Katharina A. Kasper
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Paula M. Alves
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Patrícia Gomes‐Alves
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
| | - Margarida Serra
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaApartado 12Oeiras2781‐901Portugal
- ITQB‐NOVAInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da RepúblicaOeiras2780‐157Portugal
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Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Donkor K, Wilson S, Jankauskas SS, Mone P, Wang X, Lombardi A, Santulli G. Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction: Functional Contribution of microRNAs to Inflammation and Fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:863238. [PMID: 35498051 PMCID: PMC9043126 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.863238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After an ischemic injury, the heart undergoes a complex process of structural and functional remodeling that involves several steps, including inflammatory and fibrotic responses. In this review, we are focusing on the contribution of microRNAs in the regulation of inflammation and fibrosis after myocardial infarction. We summarize the most updated studies exploring the interactions between microRNAs and key regulators of inflammation and fibroblast activation and we discuss the recent discoveries, including clinical applications, in these rapidly advancing fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), New York, NY, United States
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), New York, NY, United States
| | - Kwame Donkor
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), New York, NY, United States
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xujun Wang
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), New York, NY, United States
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Gaetano Santulli,
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Lin R, Rahtu-Korpela L, Szabo Z, Kemppi A, Skarp S, Kiviniemi AM, Lepojärvi ES, Halmetoja E, Kilpiö T, Porvari K, Pakanen L, Tolva J, Paakkanen R, Segersvärd H, Tikkanen I, Laine M, Sinisalo J, Lakkisto P, Huikuri H, Magga J, Junttila J, Kerkelä R. MiR-185-5p regulates the development of myocardial fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:130-140. [PMID: 34973276 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis stiffens the ventricular wall, predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias and contributes to the development of heart failure. In the present study, our aim was to identify novel miRNAs that regulate the development of cardiac fibrosis and could serve as potential therapeutic targets for myocardial fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis for cardiac samples from sudden cardiac death victims with extensive myocardial fibrosis as the primary cause of death identified dysregulation of miR-185-5p. Analysis of resident cardiac cells from mice subjected to experimental cardiac fibrosis model showed induction of miR-185-5p expression specifically in cardiac fibroblasts. In vitro, augmenting miR-185-5p induced collagen production and profibrotic activation in cardiac fibroblasts, whereas inhibition of miR-185-5p attenuated collagen production. In vivo, targeting miR-185-5p in mice abolished pressure overload induced cardiac interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and inhibits the anti-fibrotic effects of apelin. Finally, analysis of left ventricular tissue from patients with severe cardiomyopathy showed an increase in miR-185-5p expression together with pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 and collagen I. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and promotes myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Rahtu-Korpela
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Kemppi
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti M Kiviniemi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Samuli Lepojärvi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eveliina Halmetoja
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Kilpiö
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Katja Porvari
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lasse Pakanen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Tolva
- Transplantation laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Paakkanen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Segersvärd
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Laine
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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12
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Sansonetti M, De Windt LJ. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac inflammation: key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2058-2073. [PMID: 34097013 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is among the most progressive diseases and a leading cause of morbidity. Despite several advances in cardiovascular therapies, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieve symptoms without curing cardiac injury. Multiple observations point to the involvement of immune cells as key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. In particular, there is a growing recognition that heart failure is related to a prolonged and insufficiently repressed inflammatory response leading to molecular, cellular, and functional cardiac alterations. Over the last decades, non-coding RNAs are recognized as prominent mediators of the cardiac inflammation, affecting the function of several immune cells. In the current review, we explore the contribution of the diverse immune cells in the progression of heart failure, revealing mechanistic functions for non-coding RNAs in cardiac immune cells as a new and exciting field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marida Sansonetti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon J De Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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13
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Wu Y, Jiang L, Zhang H, Cheng S, Wen W, Xu L, Zhang F, Yang Y, Wang L, Chen J. Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patients and validation of atherosclerosis associated critical regulatory network. Genomics 2021; 113:2572-2582. [PMID: 34052320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare, life-threatening genetic disorder characterized by an extremely elevated serum level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and accelerated premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). However, the detailed mechanism of how the pathogenic mutations of HoFH trigger the acceleration of ASCVD is not well understood. Therefore, we performed high-throughput RNA and small RNA sequencing on the peripheral blood RNA samples of six HoFH patients and three healthy controls. The gene and miRNA expression differences were analyzed, and seven miRNAs and six corresponding genes were screened out through regulatory network analysis. Validation through quantitative PCR of genes and miRNAs from 52 HoFH patients and 20 healthy controls revealed that the expression levels of hsa-miR-486-3p, hsa-miR-941, and BIRC5 were significantly upregulated in HoFH, while ID1, PLA2G4C, and CACNA2D2 were downregulated. Spearman correlation analysis found that the levels of ID1, hsa-miR-941, and hsa-miR-486-3p were significantly correlated with additional ASCVD risk factors in HoFH patients. This study represents the first integrated analysis of transcriptome and miRNA expression profiles in patients with HoFH, a rare disease, and as a result, six differentially expressed miRNAs/genes that may be related to atherosclerosis in HoFH are reported. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network may be the critical regulation mechanism by which ASCVD is accelerated in HoFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Atherosclerosis, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Long Jiang
- Department of Atherosclerosis, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Cardiovascular, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006,China
| | - Huina Zhang
- Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shitong Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wenhui Wen
- Department of Atherosclerosis, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liyuan Xu
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Luya Wang
- Department of Atherosclerosis, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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14
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Asensio-Lopez MC, Sassi Y, Soler F, Fernandez Del Palacio MJ, Pascual-Figal D, Lax A. The miRNA199a/SIRT1/P300/Yy1/sST2 signaling axis regulates adverse cardiac remodeling following MI. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3915. [PMID: 33594087 PMCID: PMC7887255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) is related to adverse outcome. It has been shown that an up-regulation of plasma soluble ST2 (sST2) levels are associated with lower pre-discharge left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality outcome after MI. The mechanisms involved in its modulation are unknown and there is not specific treatment capable of lowering plasma sST2 levels in acute-stage HF. We recently identified Yin-yang 1 (Yy1) as a transcription factor related to circulating soluble ST2 isoform (sST2) expression in infarcted myocardium. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in this process have not been thoroughly elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the pathophysiological implication of miR-199a-5p in cardiac remodeling and the expression of the soluble ST2 isoform. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior coronary artery in C57BL6/J mice that randomly received antimiR199a therapy, antimiR-Ctrl or saline. A model of biomechanical stretching was also used to characterize the underlying mechanisms involved in the activation of Yy1/sST2 axis. Our results show that the significant upregulation of miR-199a-5p after myocardial infarction increases pathological cardiac hypertrophy by upregulating circulating soluble sST2 levels. AntimiR199a therapy up-regulates Sirt1 and inactivates the co-activator P300 protein, thus leading to Yy1 inhibition which decreases both expression and release of circulating sST2 by cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction. Pharmacological inhibition of miR-199a rescues cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in mice, offering a potential therapeutic approach for cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmen Asensio-Lopez
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yassine Sassi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Fernando Soler
- Biochemical and Molecular Biology Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Domingo Pascual-Figal
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Lax
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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15
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Zhang MW, Shen YJ, Shi J, Yu JG. MiR-223-3p in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:610561. [PMID: 33553260 PMCID: PMC7854547 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.610561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, involving vasculopathy, cardiac dysfunction, or circulatory disturbance, have become the major cause of death globally and brought heavy social burdens. The complexity and diversity of the pathogenic factors add difficulties to diagnosis and treatment, as well as lead to poor prognosis of these diseases. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs to modulate gene expression through directly binding to the 3′-untranslated regions of mRNAs of target genes and thereby to downregulate the protein levels post-transcriptionally. The multiple regulatory effects of microRNAs have been investigated extensively in cardiovascular diseases. MiR-223-3p, expressed in multiple cells such as macrophages, platelets, hepatocytes, and cardiomyocytes to modulate their cellular activities through targeting a variety of genes, is involved in the pathological progression of many cardiovascular diseases. It participates in regulation of several crucial signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, insulin-like growth factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1/hypoxia inducible factor 1 α pathways to affect cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, hypertrophy, and polarization, as well as electrophysiology, resulting in dysfunction of cardiovascular system. Here, in this review, we will discuss the role of miR-223-3p in cardiovascular diseases, involving its verified targets, influenced signaling pathways, and regulation of cell function. In addition, the potential of miR-223-3p as therapeutic target and biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases will be further discussed, providing clues for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Jie Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Guang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Huang Z, Yao F, Liu J, Xu J, Guo Y, Su R, Luo Q, Li J. Up-regulation of circRNA-0003528 promotes mycobacterium tuberculosis associated macrophage polarization via down-regulating miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p and up-regulating CTLA4. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25658-25672. [PMID: 33318319 PMCID: PMC7803570 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: In this study, we selected several candidate miRNAs to study their possible relationships with tuberculosis. Results: The expression of hsa_circ_0003528 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-488-5p, miR-587, and miR-668, while the expression of hsa_circ_0003528 was positively correlated with the expression of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. No evident difference was observed between tuberculosis and healthy control groups in terms of the expression of miR-587 and miR-668. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p were all ceRNAs of circRNA-0003528 by sponging each other and CTLA4 was found to be a shared target gene of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. Furthermore, we found that up-regulation of circRNA-0003528 promoted tuberculosis associated macrophage polarization by promoting expression CTLA4, which was mediated by the down-regulation of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. Methods: RT-qPCR and Western blot were conducted to observe the expression of hsa_circ_0003528, miRNAs and CTLA4 in different patient and cell groups to establish the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of hsa_circ_0003528 on M1 to M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fangyi Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rigu Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, the expansion of the cardiac interstitium through deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, is a common pathophysiologic companion of many different myocardial conditions. Fibrosis may reflect activation of reparative or maladaptive processes. Activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the central cellular effectors in cardiac fibrosis, serving as the main source of matrix proteins. Immune cells, vascular cells and cardiomyocytes may also acquire a fibrogenic phenotype under conditions of stress, activating fibroblast populations. Fibrogenic growth factors (such as transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factors), cytokines [including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-4], and neurohumoral pathways trigger fibrogenic signalling cascades through binding to surface receptors, and activation of downstream signalling cascades. In addition, matricellular macromolecules are deposited in the remodelling myocardium and regulate matrix assembly, while modulating signal transduction cascades and protease or growth factor activity. Cardiac fibroblasts can also sense mechanical stress through mechanosensitive receptors, ion channels and integrins, activating intracellular fibrogenic cascades that contribute to fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Although subpopulations of fibroblast-like cells may exert important protective actions in both reparative and interstitial/perivascular fibrosis, ultimately fibrotic changes perturb systolic and diastolic function, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. This review article discusses the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis in various myocardial diseases, including myocardial infarction, heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction, genetic cardiomyopathies, and diabetic heart disease. Development of fibrosis-targeting therapies for patients with myocardial diseases will require not only understanding of the functional pluralism of cardiac fibroblasts and dissection of the molecular basis for fibrotic remodelling, but also appreciation of the pathophysiologic heterogeneity of fibrosis-associated myocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to summarize the state of big data analyses in the study of heart failure (HF). We discuss the use of big data in the HF space, focusing on "omics" and clinical data. We address some limitations of this data, as well as their future potential. RECENT FINDINGS Omics are providing insight into plasmal and myocardial molecular profiles in HF patients. The introduction of single cell and spatial technologies is a major advance that will reshape our understanding of cell heterogeneity and function as well as tissue architecture. Clinical data analysis focuses on HF phenotyping and prognostic modeling. Big data approaches are increasingly common in HF research. The use of methods designed for big data, such as machine learning, may help elucidate the biology underlying HF. However, important challenges remain in the translation of this knowledge into improvements in clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan D Lanzer
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Internal Medicine II, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca T Levinson
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Internal Medicine II, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine (JRC-COMBINE), Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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19
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Improta-Caria AC, Nonaka CKV, Cavalcante BRR, De Sousa RAL, Aras Júnior R, Souza BSDF. Modulation of MicroRNAs as a Potential Molecular Mechanism Involved in the Beneficial Actions of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4977. [PMID: 32674523 PMCID: PMC7403962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals worldwide. AD pathophysiology involves the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, along with chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Physical exercise (PE) is a beneficial non-pharmacological strategy and has been described as an ally to combat cognitive decline in individuals with AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern the beneficial adaptations induced by PE in AD are not fully elucidated. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, inhibiting or degrading their target mRNAs. MicroRNAs are involved in physiological processes that govern normal brain function and deregulated microRNA profiles are associated with the development and progression of AD. It is also known that PE changes microRNA expression profile in the circulation and in target tissues and organs. Thus, this review aimed to identify the role of deregulated microRNAs in the pathophysiology of AD and explore the possible role of the modulation of microRNAs as a molecular mechanism involved in the beneficial actions of PE in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
| | - Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Physiological Science Multicentric Program, Federal University of Valleys´ Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais 30000-000, Brazil;
| | - Roque Aras Júnior
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
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Adverse Cardiac Remodelling after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Old and New Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:1215802. [PMID: 32626540 PMCID: PMC7306098 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1215802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) due to cardiac remodelling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) does not decrease regardless of implementation of new technologies supporting opening culprit coronary artery and solving of ischemia-relating stenosis with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Numerous studies have examined the diagnostic and prognostic potencies of circulating cardiac biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome/AMI and heart failure after AMI, and even fewer have depicted the utility of biomarkers in AMI patients undergoing primary PCI. Although complete revascularization at early period of acute coronary syndrome/AMI is an established factor for improved short-term and long-term prognosis and lowered risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications, late adverse cardiac remodelling may be a major risk factor for one-year mortality and postponded heart failure manifestation after PCI with subsequent blood flow resolving in culprit coronary artery. The aim of the review was to focus an attention on circulating biomarker as a promising tool to stratify AMI patients at high risk of poor cardiac recovery and developing HF after successful PCI. The main consideration affects biomarkers of inflammation, biomechanical myocardial stress, cardiac injury and necrosis, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular reparation. Clinical utilities and predictive modalities of natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, galectin 3, soluble suppressor tumorogenicity-2, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, growth differential factor-15, midregional proadrenomedullin, noncoding RNAs, and other biomarkers for adverse cardiac remodelling are discussed in the review.
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21
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LaRocca TJ, Seeger T, Prado M, Perea-Gil I, Neofytou E, Mecham BH, Ameen M, Chang ACY, Pandey G, Wu JC, Karakikes I. Pharmacological Silencing of MicroRNA-152 Prevents Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2020; 13:e006298. [PMID: 32160771 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that play a key role in gene expression. Accumulating evidence suggests that aberrant microRNA expression contributes to the heart failure (HF) phenotype; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of microRNAs could potentially lead to targeted therapies that could halt the progression or even reverse HF. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that microRNA-152 (miR-152) expression was upregulated in the failing human heart and experimental animal models of HF. Transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-specific miR-152 overexpression developed systolic dysfunction (mean difference, -38.74% [95% CI, -45.73% to -31.74%]; P<0.001) and dilated cardiomyopathy. At the cellular level, miR-152 overexpression perturbed mitochondrial ultrastructure and dysregulated key genes involved in cardiomyocyte metabolism and inflammation. Mechanistically, we identified Glrx5 (glutaredoxin 5), a critical regulator of mitochondrial iron homeostasis and iron-sulfur cluster synthesis, as a direct miR-152 target. Finally, a proof-of-concept of the therapeutic efficacy of targeting miR-152 in vivo was obtained by utilizing a locked nucleic acid-based inhibitor of miR-152 (LNA 152) in a murine model of HF subjected to transverse aortic constriction. We demonstrated that animals treated with LNA-152 (n=10) showed preservation of systolic function when compared with locked nucleic acid-control treated animals (n=9; mean difference, 18.25% [95% CI, 25.10% to 11.39%]; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The upregulation of miR-152 expression in the failing myocardium contributes to HF pathophysiology. Preclinical evidence suggests that miR-152 inhibition preserves cardiac function in a model of pressure overload-induced HF. These findings offer new insights into the pathophysiology of HF and point to miR-152-Glrx5 axis as a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J LaRocca
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (T.J.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Timon Seeger
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Maricela Prado
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (M.P., I.P.-G., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Isaac Perea-Gil
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (M.P., I.P.-G., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Evgenios Neofytou
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | | | - Mohamed Ameen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Alex Chia Yu Chang
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (A.C.Y.C.)
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (G.P.)
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Department of Radiology (J.C.W.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Ioannis Karakikes
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (M.P., I.P.-G., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (T.S., I.P.-G., E.N., M.A., J.C.W., I.K.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
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22
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Tikhomirov R, Reilly-O’Donnell B, Catapano F, Faggian G, Gorelik J, Martelli F, Emanueli C. Exosomes: From Potential Culprits to New Therapeutic Promise in the Setting of Cardiac Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:E592. [PMID: 32131460 PMCID: PMC7140485 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a significant global health problem associated with many inflammatory and degenerative diseases affecting multiple organs, individually or simultaneously. Fibrosis develops when extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling becomes excessive or uncontrolled and is associated with nearly all forms of heart disease. Cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the main effectors of ECM deposition and scar formation. The heart is a complex multicellular organ, where the various resident cell types communicate between themselves and with cells of the blood and immune systems. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles, (EVs), contribute to cell-to-cell communication and their pathophysiological relevance and therapeutic potential is emerging. Here, we will critically review the role of endogenous exosomes as possible fibrosis mediators and discuss the possibility of using stem cell-derived and/or engineered exosomes as anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Tikhomirov
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese Milano, Italy
| | - Benedict Reilly-O’Donnell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Francesco Catapano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Faggian
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
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23
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Regulatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Function and Cardiac Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041359. [PMID: 32085438 PMCID: PMC7072955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the major cause of death worldwide. Cardiac myocytes, which hold the most abundant mitochondrial population, are terminally differentiated cells with diminished regenerative capacity in the adult. Cardiomyocyte mitochondrial dysfunction is a characteristic feature of the aging heart and one out of the nine features of cellular aging. Aging and cardiac pathologies are also associated with increased senescence in the heart. However, the cause and consequences of cardiac senescence during aging or in cardiac pathologies are mostly unrecognized. Further, despite recent advancement in anti-senescence therapy, the targeted cell type and the effect on cardiac structure and function have been largely overlooked. The unique cellular composition of the heart, and especially the functional properties of cardiomyocytes, need to be considered when designing therapeutics to target cardiac aging. Here we review recent findings regarding key factors regulating cell senescence, mitochondrial health as well as cardiomyocyte rejuvenation.
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24
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Templeton EM, Cameron VA, Pickering JW, Richards AM, Pilbrow AP. Emerging microRNA biomarkers for acute kidney injury in acute decompensated heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 26:1203-1217. [PMID: 32062825 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), an abrupt loss of kidney function associated with a near doubling of mortality at 1 year. In addition to the direct threat acute HF itself poses to kidney function, the beneficial effects of commonly prescribed HF treatments must be weighed against their potentially adverse effects on glomerular perfusion. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify early markers for AKI in ADHF to facilitate timely implementation of supportive measures to minimize kidney damage and improve outcomes. The recent recognition of the diagnostic potential of circulating microRNAs presents the potential to address this gap if microRNAs specific for AKI can be identified in serial plasma, serum and/or urine samples from well-phenotyped cohorts of ADHF patients, including a proportion with AKI. This review summarizes emerging circulating diagnostic and prognostic microRNA biomarkers (serum, plasma or urine) in HF and AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M Templeton
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vicky A Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John W Pickering
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - A Mark Richards
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna P Pilbrow
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand. .,Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago-Christchurch, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
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25
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Xiao N, Zhang J, Chen C, Wan Y, Wang N, Yang J. miR-129-5p improves cardiac function in rats with chronic heart failure through targeting HMGB1. Mamm Genome 2019; 30:276-288. [PMID: 31646380 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-019-09817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs play pivotal roles in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-129-5p in chronic heart failure and the underlying mechanisms. The levels of miR-129-5p and HMGB1 in chronic heart failure patients (CHF) and normal controls were examined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Cardiac function, hemodynamics parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation factors were analyzed in CHF rat model after transfection of miR-129-5p or HMGB1. Dual-luciferase activity reporter assay was conducted to validate the interaction between miR-129-5p and HMGB1. Downregulation of miR-129-5p and upregulation of HMGB1 were observed in the serum of CHF patients, respectively. Transfection of miR-129-5p improved heart function and hemodynamic parameters, as well as attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation factors in CHF rats. We further confirmed that HMGB1 is a direct target of miR-129-5p. Transfection of miR-129-5p also decreased the mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1 in myocardial tissues of CHF rats. Overexpression of HMGB1 diminished the effects of miR-129-5p on ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats with CHF. Our findings suggest that miR-129-5p protects the heart by targeting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xiao
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Yanfang Wan
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department Cardiovascular V, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
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