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Wagner LE, Melnyk O, Duffett BE, Linnemann AK. Mouse models and human islet transplantation sites for intravital imaging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:992540. [PMID: 36277698 PMCID: PMC9579277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.992540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human islet transplantations into rodent models are an essential tool to aid in the development and testing of islet and cellular-based therapies for diabetes prevention and treatment. Through the ability to evaluate human islets in an in vivo setting, these studies allow for experimental approaches to answer questions surrounding normal and disease pathophysiology that cannot be answered using other in vitro and in vivo techniques alone. Intravital microscopy enables imaging of tissues in living organisms with dynamic temporal resolution and can be employed to measure biological processes in transplanted human islets revealing how experimental variables can influence engraftment, and transplant survival and function. A key consideration in experimental design for transplant imaging is the surgical placement site, which is guided by the presence of vasculature to aid in functional engraftment of the islets and promote their survival. Here, we review transplantation sites and mouse models used to study beta cell biology in vivo using intravital microscopy and we highlight fundamental observations made possible using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E. Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Olha Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Bryce E. Duffett
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amelia K. Linnemann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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2
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Wang Q, Zheng L, Wu K, Zhang B. Identification and Validation of a New Peptide Targeting Pancreatic Beta Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072286. [PMID: 35408679 PMCID: PMC9000318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive targeted visualization of pancreatic beta cells or islets is becoming the focus of molecular imaging application in diabetes and islet transplantation studies. In this study, we aimed to produce the beta-cell-targeted peptide for molecular imaging of islet. We used phage display libraries to screen a beta-cell-targeted peptide, LNTPLKS, which was tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). This peptide was validated for targeting beta-cell with in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis were used to validate the target specificity of the peptide. FITC-LNTPLKS displayed much higher fluorescence in beta cells vs. control cells in ICC. This discrimination was consistently observed using primary rodent islet. FACS analysis showed right shift of peak point in beta cells compared to control cells. The specific bind to in situ islet was verified by in vitro experiments using rodent and human pancreatic slices. The peptide also showed high affinity of islet grafts under the renal capsule. In the insulinoma animal model, we could find FITC-LNTPLKS accumulated specifically to the tumor, thus indicating a potential clinical application of molecular imaging of insulinoma. In conclusion, LNTPLKS showed a specific probe for beta-cells, which might be further utilized in targeted imaging/monitoring beta cells and theragnosis for beta-cells-related disease (diabetes, insulinoma, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China;
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Kangze Wu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China;
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China;
- Correspondence:
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Critical Considerations in Bioluminescence Imaging of Transplanted Islets: Dynamic Signal Change in Early Posttransplant Phase and Signal Absorption by Tissues. Pancreas 2022; 51:234-242. [PMID: 35584380 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In pancreatic islet transplantation studies, bioluminescence imaging enables quantitative and noninvasive tracking of graft survival. Amid the recent heightened interest in extrahepatic sites for islet and stem cell-derived beta-like cell transplantations, proper understanding the nature of bioluminescence imaging in these sites is important. METHODS Islets isolated from Firefly rats ubiquitously expressing luciferase reporter gene in Lewis rats were transplanted into subcutaneous or kidney capsule sites of wild-type Lewis rats or immunodeficient mice. Posttransplant changes of bioluminescence signal curves and absorption of bioluminescence signal in transplantation sites were examined. RESULTS The bioluminescence signal curve dynamically changed in the early posttransplantation phase; the signal was low within the first 5 days after transplantation. A substantial amount of bioluminescence signal was absorbed by tissues surrounding islet grafts, correlating to the depth of the transplanted site from the skin surface. Grafts in kidney capsules were harder to image than those in the subcutaneous site. Within the kidney capsule, locations that minimized depth from the skin surface improved the graft detectability. CONCLUSIONS Posttransplant phase and graft location/depth critically impact the bioluminescence images captured in islet transplantation studies. Understanding these parameters is critical for reducing experimental biases and proper interpretation of data.
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Olack BJ, Alexander M, Swanson CJ, Kilburn J, Corrales N, Flores A, Heng J, Arulmoli J, Omori K, Chlebeck PJ, Zitur L, Salgado M, Lakey JRT, Niland JC. Optimal Time to Ship Human Islets Post Tissue Culture to Maximize Islet. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720974582. [PMID: 33231091 PMCID: PMC7885128 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720974582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to functional high-quality pancreatic human islets is critical to advance diabetes research. The Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP), a major source for human islet distribution for over 15 years, conducted a study to evaluate the most advantageous times to ship islets postisolation to maximize islet recovery. For the evaluation, three experienced IIDP Islet Isolation Centers each provided samples from five human islet isolations, shipping 10,000 islet equivalents (IEQ) at four different time periods postislet isolation (no 37°C culture and shipped within 0 to 18 hours; or held in 37°C culture for 18 to 42, 48 to 96, or 144 to 192 hours). A central evaluation center compared samples for islet quantity, quality, and viability for each experimental condition preshipment and postshipment, as well as post 37°C culture 18 to 24 hours after shipment receipt. Additional evaluations included measures of functional potency by static glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIR), represented as a stimulation index. Comparing the results of the four preshipment holding periods, the greatest IEQ loss postshipment occurred with the shortest preshipment times. Similar patterns emerged when comparing preshipment to postculture losses. In vitro islet function (GSIR) was not adversely impacted by increased tissue culture time. These data indicate that allowing time for islet recovery postisolation, prior to shipping, yields less islet loss during shipment without decreasing islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Olack
- Integrated Islet Distribution Program, Department of Diabetes & Cancer Discovery Science, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Carol J Swanson
- Integrated Islet Distribution Program, Department of Diabetes & Cancer Discovery Science, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Julie Kilburn
- Integrated Islet Distribution Program, Department of Diabetes & Cancer Discovery Science, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Corrales
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Flores
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Heng
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | - Keiko Omori
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Peter J Chlebeck
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura Zitur
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mayra Salgado
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan R T Lakey
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joyce C Niland
- Integrated Islet Distribution Program, Department of Diabetes & Cancer Discovery Science, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
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Komatsu H, Gonzalez N, Ortiz J, Rawson J, Omori K, Kandeel F, Mullen Y. Early-Phase Luciferase Signals of Islet Grafts Predicts Successful Subcutaneous Site Transplantation in Rats. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:173-179. [PMID: 33140260 PMCID: PMC9870595 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The transplantation of pancreatic islets is a promising cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Subcutaneous islet transplantation is currently under investigation as a means to circumvent problems associated with standard intra-hepatic islet transplantation. As modifications are being developed to improve the efficacy of subcutaneous islet transplantation, it is important to have robust methods to assess engraftment. Experimentally, ATP-dependent bioluminescence imaging using luciferase reporter genes has been effective for non-invasively tracking engraftment. However, it was heretofore unknown if the bioluminescence of subcutaneously transplanted luciferase-expressing islet grafts correlates with diabetes reversal, a primary outcome of transplantation. PROCEDURES A retrospective analysis was conducted using data obtained from subcutaneous islet transplantations in Lewis rats. The analysis included transplantations from our laboratory in which islet donors were transgenic rats ubiquitously expressing luciferase and recipients were wild type, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Data from 79 bioluminescence scans were obtained from 27 islet transplantations during the post-transplant observation period (up to 6 weeks). The bioluminescence intensity of the subcutaneously transplanted grafts, captured after the intravenous administration of luciferin, was correlated with diabetes reversal. RESULTS After subcutaneous transplantation, islet bioluminescence decreased over time, dropping > 50 % from 1 to 3 weeks post-transplant. Bioluminescence intensity in the early post-transplant phase (1-2 weeks) correlated with the subsequent reversal of diabetes; based on optimized bioluminescence cutoff values, the bioluminescence intensity of islets at 1 and 2 weeks predicted successful transplantations. However, intensity in the late post-transplant phase (≥ 4 weeks) did not reflect transplantation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Early-phase bioluminescence imaging of luciferase-expressing islets could serve as a useful tool to predict the success of subcutaneous islet transplantations by preceding changes in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Komatsu
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Nelson Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jose Ortiz
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Keiko Omori
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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Kondo N, Oishi A, Hirata M, Temma T. Indirectly radioiodinated exendin-4 as an analytical tool for in vivo detection of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in a disease setting. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:83-91. [PMID: 33067731 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) has been reported to have therapeutic effects on diabetes and various diseases. Precise detection of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) can be useful to diagnose and elucidate the mechanism of such diseases. Here we aimed to develop an imaging probe based on GLP-1RA that has high molar activity and sensitivity for detection of low-level GLP-1R expression in non-pancreatic diseases. METHODS We selected the agonist exenatide (Ex4) as the parent peptide of a GLP-1R targeting probe and prepared Cys-Ex4 by addition of an N-terminal Cys residue and labeling with the prosthetic agent N-(3-[125I]iodophenyl)maleimide ([125I]IPM) to generate [125I]Ex4ipm. We evaluated the affinity of [125I]Ex4ipm for GLP-1R, as well as cellular binding profiles in insulinoma and prostate cancer cell lines, and in vivo biodistributions in normal and tumor-bearing mice to assess GLP-1R-dependent accumulation of radioactivity in tissues. RESULTS [125I]Ex4ipm was easily synthesized with high radiochemical yield (73%), radiochemical purity (> 99%), and molar activity (81 GBq/µmol) via a thiol/maleimide reaction. Following administration to mice, [125I]Ex4ipm accumulated to high levels in the pancreas (23.3% ID/g), with radioactivity co-localizing in areas having insulin-positive β cells. High amounts of radioactivity also accumulated in insulinomas that overexpressed GLP-1R (27.5% ID/g). In contrast, low amounts of [125I]Ex4ipm accumulation, corresponding to low expression levels of GLP-1R, were observed in prostate cancer cells and xenografts used as a model of non-pancreatic applications. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that [123I]Ex4ipm could be valuable for GLP-1R imaging in diabetes, insulinomas, and various diseases related to GLP-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kondo
- Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Ayaka Oishi
- Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hirata
- Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Takashi Temma
- Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan.
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Mukai H, Watanabe Y. Review: PET imaging with macro- and middle-sized molecular probes. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:156-170. [PMID: 32660789 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in radiolabeling of macro- and middle-sized molecular probes has been extending possibilities to use PET molecular imaging for dynamic application to drug development and therapeutic evaluation. Theranostics concept also accelerated the use of macro- and middle-sized molecular probes for sharpening the contrast of proper target recognition even the cellular types/subtypes and proper selection of the patients who should be treated by the same molecules recognition. Here, brief summary of the present status of immuno-PET, and then further development of advanced technologies related to immuno-PET, peptidic PET probes, and nucleic acids PET probes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Mukai
- Laboratory for Molecular Delivery and Imaging Technology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
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Arifin DR, Bulte JWM. In Vivo Imaging of Pancreatic Islet Grafts in Diabetes Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:640117. [PMID: 33737913 PMCID: PMC7961081 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.640117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islets has potential to offer life-long blood glucose management in type I diabetes and severe type II diabetes without the need of exogenous insulin administration. However, islet cell therapy suffers from autoimmune and allogeneic rejection as well as non-immune related factors. Non-invasive techniques to monitor and evaluate the fate of cell implants in vivo are essential to understand the underlying causes of graft failure, and hence to improve the precision and efficacy of islet therapy. This review describes how imaging technology has been employed to interrogate the distribution, number or volume, viability, and function of islet implants in vivo. To date, fluorescence imaging, PET, SPECT, BLI, MRI, MPI, and ultrasonography are the many imaging modalities being developed to fulfill this endeavor. We outline here the advantages, limitations, and clinical utility of each particular imaging approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian R. Arifin
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeff W. M. Bulte
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeff W. M. Bulte,
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Murakami T, Fujimoto H, Inagaki N. Non-invasive Beta-cell Imaging: Visualization, Quantification, and Beyond. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:714348. [PMID: 34248856 PMCID: PMC8270651 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.714348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta (β)-cell dysfunction and reduced mass play a central role in the development and progression of diabetes mellitus. Conventional histological β-cell mass (BCM) analysis is invasive and limited to cross-sectional observations in a restricted sampling area. However, the non-invasive evaluation of BCM remains elusive, and practical in vivo and clinical techniques for β-cell-specific imaging are yet to be established. The lack of such techniques hampers a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological role of BCM in diabetes, the implementation of personalized BCM-based diabetes management, and the development of antidiabetic therapies targeting BCM preservation and restoration. Nuclear medical techniques have recently triggered a major leap in this field. In particular, radioisotope-labeled probes using exendin peptides that include glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist and antagonist have been employed in positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography. These probes have demonstrated high specificity to β cells and provide clear images accurately showing uptake in the pancreas and transplanted islets in preclinical in vivo and clinical studies. One of these probes, 111indium-labeled exendin-4 derivative ([Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)]exendin-4), has captured the longitudinal changes in BCM during the development and progression of diabetes and under antidiabetic therapies in various mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. GLP-1R-targeted imaging is therefore a promising tool for non-invasive BCM evaluation. This review focuses on recent advances in non-invasive in vivo β-cell imaging for BCM evaluation in the field of diabetes; in particular, the exendin-based GLP-1R-targeted nuclear medicine techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency of Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nobuya Inagaki,
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Kręcisz P, Czarnecka K, Królicki L, Mikiciuk-Olasik E, Szymański P. Radiolabeled Peptides and Antibodies in Medicine. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 32:25-42. [PMID: 33325685 PMCID: PMC7872318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Radiolabeled peptides
are a relatively new, very specific radiotracer
group, which is still expanding. This group is very diverse in terms
of peptide size. It contains very small structures containing several
amino acids and whole antibodies. Moreover, radiolabeled peptides
are diverse in terms of the binding aim and therapeutic or diagnostic
applications. The majority of this class of radiotracers is utilized
in oncology, where the same structure can be used in therapy and diagnostic
imaging by varying the radionuclide. In this study, we collected new
reports of radiolabeled peptide applications in diagnosis and therapy
in oncology and other fields of medicine. Radiolabeled peptides are
also increasingly being used in rheumatology, cardiac imaging, or
neurology. The studies collected in this review concern new therapeutic
and diagnostic procedures in humans and new structures tested on animals.
We also performed an analysis of clinical trials, which concerns application
of radiolabeled peptides and antibodies that were reported in the
clinicaltrials.gov database between 2008 and 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kręcisz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamila Czarnecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Leszek Królicki
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1 a, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Mikiciuk-Olasik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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Li J, Peng J, Tang W, Rawson J, Karunananthan J, Jung M, Ma Y, Shively JE, Kandeel F. Synthesis and evaluation of 18F-PTTCO-Cys 40-Exendin-4 for PET imaging of ectopic insulinomas in rodents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103718. [PMID: 32171991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A major limitation in the development of radiolabeled Exendin-4 analogues (short half-life isotopes) is an inability to efficiently and rapidly separate final products from precursors. This is important as lack of purity in the final product decreases probe efficiency. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to prepare the high-purity imaging reagent [18F] PTTCO-Cys40-Exendin-4. To accomplish this, magnetic TCO-beads were incubated with the crude product to remove unlabeled Exendin-4. In rodents pre-treatment with purified [18F] PTTCO-Cys40-Exendin-4 (~1.85 MBq) allowed precise microPET imaging of ectopic insulinomas. Moreover, analogue uptake was successfully blocked by administering non-labelled "cold" Exendin-4. Biodistribution data revealed that [18F] PTTCO-Cys40-Exendin-4 accumulated specifically in GLP-1R-enriched insulinomas in mice, confirming results obtained using miroPET. Investigation of [18F] PTTCO-Cys40-Exendin-4 as a tracer to image portal vein-transplanted pancreatic islets is proceeding in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA.
| | - Jiangling Peng
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Johann Karunananthan
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Min Jung
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Yuelong Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - John E Shively
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
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A Feasible Method for Quantifying Living Pancreatic Human Islets in Murine Livers Posttransplantation by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. Transplantation 2020; 104:e144-e150. [PMID: 32080160 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current histological methods cannot accurately determine the survival rate of human pancreatic islets following portal vein infusion. This is due, in part, to the low number of infused islets relative to the whole liver. In this study, we assessed the ability of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to track human islets posttransplantation. METHODS Immunodeficient mice were transplanted with human islets. Following engraftment, animals were euthanized, livers procured, and human islet β cells immunofluorescently labeled with an insulin-specific antibody and evaluated by CLSM. A calibration curve comparing the area of insulin + hepatic islet β cells to the number of human islets collected was developed. Levels of human C-peptide were measured in transplant recipients to determine islet function. RESULTS The short-term survival rate of islet transplants was defined as y = 0.0422x + 2.7008, in which x is human islet number and y is liver islet β cell area. Employing CLSM, human islets were detected in immunofluorescent labeled murine liver tissue sections posttransplantation. The β cell-relative area of human islets in 500 islet equivalent (IEQ) specimens was 20.21 ± 1.16 mm and in 1000 IEQ specimens 39.4 ± 2.23 mm posttransplantation. Human islet posttransplant survival rates were 82.9 ± 5.50% (500 IEQ group) and 86.9 ± 5.28% (1000 IEQ group). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that CLSM can be employed to quantify and characterize pancreatic human islets after transplantation to murine livers.
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Zheng L, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang B, Wu Y. Islet Transplantation Imaging in vivo. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3301-3311. [PMID: 33061492 PMCID: PMC7520574 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s263253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although islet transplantation plays an effective and powerful role in the treatment of diabetes, a large amount of islet grafts are lost at an early stage due to instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, immune rejection, and β-cell toxicity resulting from immunosuppressive agents. Timely intervention based on the viability and function of the transplanted islets at an early stage is crucial. Various islet transplantation imaging techniques are available for monitoring the conditions of post-transplanted islets. Due to the development of various imaging modalities and the continuous study of contrast agents, non-invasive islet transplantation imaging in vivo has made great progress. The tracing and functional evaluation of transplanted islets in vivo have thus become possible. However, most studies on contrast agent and imaging modalities are limited to animal experiments, and long-term toxicity and stability need further evaluation. Accordingly, the clinical application of the current achievements still requires a large amount of effort. In this review, we discuss the contrast agents for MRI, SPECT/PET, BLI/FI, US, MPI, PAI, and multimodal imaging. We further summarize the advantages and limitations of various molecular imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Bo Zhang; Yulian Wu Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China Tel/Fax +86 571 87783563 Email ;
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310000, People’s Republic of China
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