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Virk MS, Virk MA, Liang Q, Sun Y, Zhong M, Tufail T, Rashid A, Qayum A, Rehman A, Ekumah JN, Wang J, Zhao Y, Ren X. Enhancing storage and gastroprotective viability of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum encapsulated by sodium caseinate-inulin-soy protein isolates composites carried within carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel. Food Res Int 2024; 187:114432. [PMID: 38763680 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are subjected to various edible coatings, especially proteins and polysaccharides, which serve as the predominant wall materials, with ultrasound, a sustainable green technology. Herein, sodium caseinate, inulin, and soy protein isolate composites were produced using multi-frequency ultrasound and utilized to encapsulateLactiplantibacillus plantarumto enhance its storage, thermal, and gastrointestinal viability. The physicochemical analyses revealed that the composites with 5 % soy protein isolate treated with ultrasound at 50 kHz exhibited enough repulsion forces to maintain stability, pH resistance, and the ability to encapsulate larger particles and possessed the highest encapsulation efficiency (95.95 %). The structural analyses showed changes in the composite structure at CC, CH, CO, and amino acid residual levels. Rheology, texture, and water-holding capacity demonstrated the production of soft hydrogels with mild chewing and gummy properties, carried the microcapsules without coagulation or sedimentation. Moreover, the viability attributes ofL. plantarumevinced superior encapsulation, protecting them for at least eight weeks and against heat (63 °C), reactive oxidative species (H2O2), and GI conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Safiullah Virk
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | | | - Qiufang Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yufan Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - John-Nelson Ekumah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yongjun Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China.
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2
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Liu Y, Huang Y, Zhang L, Li S, Cheng Q, Zhu B, Dong X. Effects of pork fat and linseed oil as additives on gel quality of fish cake. J Texture Stud 2023; 54:693-705. [PMID: 37119016 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Pork fat (PF) is a necessary ingredient in making traditional fish cakes (TFCs), which contains saturated fatty acids with potential health concerns. While linseed oil (LO) containing α-linolenic acid is a potential nutrient-enhancing fat substitute. In this study, the effect of pork fat and linseed oil level on gel quality, sensory characteristics, microstructure, and protein conformation of TFCs were characterized. Results showed that the TFCs with 30% pork fat (wt/wt) had the highest gel strength. Additionally, sensory evaluation determined that TFCs with 30% pork fat scored the best by a sensory panel with high gel strength, water-holding capacity, and fresh and sweet taste. The gel strength, chewiness, and hardness of nutrient-enriched fish cakes with 20% linseed oil replaced for pork fat were higher than that only with pork fat (wt/wt) without changing in tenderness and elasticity. Visual results showed that the network was uniform at a moderate level of linseed oil addition (20% LO/PF replacement ratio). The results of this study provided technical guidelines for standardizing the TFC manufacture processes, and useful insight for the development of fish cakes with reduced animal fat content for additional health benefits for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yizhen Huang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiaofen Cheng
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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3
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Ma W, Yuan F, Feng L, Wang J, Sun Y, Cao Y, Huang J. ε-Polylysine-mediated enhancement of the structural stability and gelling properties of myofibrillar protein under oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1114-1123. [PMID: 36030980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ε-polylysine (ε-PL) at different concentrations (0.005 %, 0.010 %, 0.020 %, and 0.030 %) on the structure and gelling behavior of pork myofibrillar protein (MP) under oxidative stress were explored. The incorporation of ε-PL significantly restrained oxidation-induced sulfhydryl and solubility losses (up to 9.72 % and 41.9 %, respectively) as well as protein crosslinking and aggregation. Compared with the oxidized control, ε-PL at low concentrations (0.005 % - 0.020 %) promoted further unfolding and destabilization of MP, while 0.030 % ε-PL led to refolding of MP and enhanced its thermal stability. The ε-PL-induced physicochemical changes favored the formation of a finer and more homogeneous three-dimensional network structure, therefore obviously enhancing the strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of thermally induced oxidized MP gels, with the ε-PL at 0.020 % showed the greatest enhancement. This work revealed for the first time that ε-PL can significantly ameliorate the oxidation stability and gel-forming ability of meat proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Yiming Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Taixing 225400, China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiankang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yungang Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Junrong Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Natural Food Macromolecule Research Center, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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4
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Wang Z, Zhao J, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Changes of lipid compositions of krill oil emulsions during storage, a role of ultrasound treatment, and the possible process of lipid migration. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangtie Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chang
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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5
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Low energy nanoemulsions as carriers for essential oils in topical formulations for antioxidant skin protection. HEMIJSKA INDUSTRIJA 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/hemind210509004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study several essential oils (EOs): basil - BA, lemon balm - LB and
oregano - OR were incorporated into nanoemulsions (NEs) as prospective
carriers for natural and sensitive bioactives. NEs were prepared via the
phase inversion composition (PIC) method, which is an energy-efficient cold
process. Physicochemical stability of NEs was confirmed by particle size
distribution analysis, electrical conductivity and pH value measurements, as
well as by optical microscopy observations. The type of EO and the
surfactant and oil mix concentration were found to be crucial factors
governing the NE properties and stability. Raman spectra of the EOs
confirmed main active ingredients and provided detection of interactions
with the nanocarrier, which is a novel application of this technique. The
antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical in methanol was
concentration-dependent with a similar trend for individual oils and
oil-loaded NEs (OR> LB> BA). However, the ABTS test in an aqueous medium
revealed notable change in the order of activity after EO nanonisation at
higher EO concentrations. Overall, it was found that OR-NE was the most
effective and stable system, since OR acted as a co-stabiliser in the NE
formulation, and its remarkably high antioxidant activity was successfully
preserved during 6 months of storage.
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Smułek W, Siejak P, Fathordoobady F, Masewicz Ł, Guo Y, Jarzębska M, Kitts DD, Kowalczewski PŁ, Baranowska HM, Stangierski J, Szwajca A, Pratap-Singh A, Jarzębski M. Whey Proteins as a Potential Co-Surfactant with Aesculus hippocastanum L. as a Stabilizer in Nanoemulsions Derived from Hempseed Oil. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195856. [PMID: 34641403 PMCID: PMC8510466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural surfactants including plant extracts, plant hydrocolloids and proteins in nanoemulsion systems has received commercial interest due to demonstrated safety of use and potential health benefits of plant products. In this study, a whey protein isolate (WPI) from a byproduct of cheese production was used to stabilize a nanoemulsion formulation that contained hempseed oil and the Aesculus hippocastanum L. extract (AHE). A Box-Behnken experimental design was used to set the formulation criteria and the optimal nanoemulsion conditions, used subsequently in follow-up experiments that measured specifically emulsion droplet size distribution, stability tests and visual quality. Regression analysis showed that the concentration of HSO and the interaction between HSO and the WPI were the most significant factors affecting the emulsion polydispersity index and droplet size (nm) (p < 0.05). Rheological tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and L*a*b* color parameters were also taken to characterize the physicochemical properties of the emulsions. Emulsion systems with a higher concentration of the AHE had a potential metabolic activity up to 84% in a microbiological assay. It can be concluded from our results that the nanoemulsion system described herein is a safe and stable formulation with potential biological activity and health benefits that complement its use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Siejak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (Ł.M.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Farahnaz Fathordoobady
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Łukasz Masewicz
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (Ł.M.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Yigong Guo
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.)
| | | | - David D. Kitts
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Hanna Maria Baranowska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (Ł.M.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Jerzy Stangierski
- Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Anna Szwajca
- Department of Synthesis and Structure of Organic Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Anubhav Pratap-Singh
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.-S.); (M.J.)
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (Ł.M.); (H.M.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.-S.); (M.J.)
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7
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Xu Y, Wang Z, Qi B, Ran A, Guo Z, Jiang L. Effect of Oxidation on Quality of Chiba Tofu Produced by Soy Isolate Protein When Subjected to Storage. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121877. [PMID: 33348648 PMCID: PMC7765800 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiba tofu is a new type of vegetarian food prepared with soy protein isolate (SPI). According to factory feedback, the SPI stored in the factory storeroom in summer undergoes reactive oxidation, which changes the structure of SPI and further affects the quality of Chiba tofu. Consequently, the main objective of this study was to prepare Chiba tofu with SPI with different storage periods and evaluate the effect of different degrees of oxidation on structural characteristics of SPI and rheology, texture, microstructure and sensory properties of Chiba tofu. The carbonyl content and turbidity of SPI significantly increased, and the contents of free sulfhydryl (SH) and disulfide bond (S-S) simultaneously decreased with storage time. The oxidation changes the SPI conformation, leading to a transition of α-helix and β-turn to β-sheet and random coil during the storage periods. In the SDS–PAGE analysis, oxidation promoted the SPI molecules crosslinked and aggregated, which affected the quality of Chiba tofu. In short storage periods (0–12 days), SPI was relatively moderately oxidized when the carbonyl content was between 4.14 and 6.87 mmol/g. The storage and loss modulus of Chiba tofu both increased, the network was compact, and the hardness and springiness of Chiba tofu showed an increasing trend. Moreover, in longer storage periods (12–30 days), the SPI was relatively severely oxidized when the carbonyl content was between 7.24 and 9.14 mmol/g, which had an adverse effect on Chiba tofu rheological and texture properties, microstructure, and sensory properties. In sensory evaluation, Chiba tofu stored 12 days had the highest overall quality score than that stored on other days. This study is expected to provide an argument for the better industrial production of Chiba tofu.
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Zhang W, Ma J, Sun DW. Raman spectroscopic techniques for detecting structure and quality of frozen foods: principles and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2623-2639. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1828814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Pan M, Xu F, Wu Y, Yao M, Xiao X, Zhang N, Ju X, Wang L. Application of ultrasound-assisted physical mixing treatment improves in vitro protein digestibility of rapeseed napin. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 67:105136. [PMID: 32380372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of napin was studied using different pretreatment methods, including ultrasound, mixing napin with lactalbumin, and ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. The relationships between IVPD, molecular structure, and disulfide bonds were explored, showing that the IVPD of napin was the highest compared with the control when treated with 40% ultrasound power. When the proportion of napin to lactalbumin was 5:5, a synergistic influence between the two proteins was observed. Further investigation showed that the IVPD of napin was clearly improved by treatment with ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. Compared with the single protein in the control, the β-sheet content in the secondary structure of the mixed protein after sonication was reduced from 45.02% to 37.16%. The ordered protein structure was also disrupted by ultrasound, as supported by fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity analyses. The decreased number of disulfide bonds and conformational changes indicated that the IVPD of rapeseed napin was closely related to the disulfide bond content. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving protein digestibility by combining ultrasound with physical mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Collage of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 138 Tongda Street, Daoli District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 15000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Gledovic A, Janosevic Lezaic A, Krstonosic V, Djokovic J, Nikolic I, Bajuk-Bogdanovic D, Antic Stankovic J, Randjelovic D, Savic SM, Filipovic M, Tamburic S, Savic SD. Low-energy nanoemulsions as carriers for red raspberry seed oil: Formulation approach based on Raman spectroscopy and textural analysis, physicochemical properties, stability and in vitro antioxidant/ biological activity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230993. [PMID: 32298275 PMCID: PMC7161953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering a growing demand for medicinal/cosmetic products with natural actives, this study focuses on the low-energy nanoemulsions (LE-NEs) prepared via the Phase inversion composition (PIC) method at room temperature as potential carriers for natural oil. Four different red raspberry seed oils (ROs) were tested, as follows: cold-pressed vs. CO2-extracted, organic vs. non-organic, refined vs. unrefined. The oil phase was optimized with Tocopheryl acetate and Isostearyl isostearate, while water phase was adjusted with either glycerol or an antioxidant hydro-glycolic extract. This study has used a combined approach to formulation development, employing both conventional methods (pseudo-ternary phase diagram - PTPD, electrical conductivity, particle size measurements, microscopical analysis, and rheological measurements) and the methods novel to this area, such as textural analysis and Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy has detected fine differences in chemical composition among ROs, and it detected the interactions within nanoemulsions. It was shown that the cold-pressed, unrefined, organic grade oil (RO2) with 6.62% saturated fatty acids and 92.25% unsaturated fatty acids, was optimal for the LE-NEs. Textural analysis confirmed the existence of cubic gel-like phase as a crucial step in the formation of stable RO2-loaded LE-NEs, with droplets in the narrow nano-range (125 to 135 nm; PDI ≤ 0.1). The DPPH test in methanol and ABTS in aqueous medium have revealed a synergistic free radical scavenging effect between lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants in LE-NEs. The nanoemulsion carrier has improved the biological effect of raw materials on HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells, while exhibiting good safety profile, as confirmed on MRC-5 normal human lung fibroblasts. Overall, this study has shown that low-energy nanoemulsions present very promising carriers for topical delivery of natural bioactives. Raman spectroscopy and textural analysis have proven to be a useful addition to the arsenal of methods used in the formulation and characterization of nanoemulsion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gledovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Janosevic Lezaic
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Instrumental Methods, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veljko Krstonosic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Djokovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ines Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Antic Stankovic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Randjelovic
- Department of Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mila Filipovic
- Higher Education School of Professional Health Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Tamburic
- London College of Fashion, University of the Arts London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Snezana D. Savic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mis-Solval KE, Jiang N, Yuan M, Joo KH, Cavender GA. The Effect of the Ultra-High-Pressure Homogenization of Protein Encapsulants on the Survivability of Probiotic Cultures after Spray Drying. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120689. [PMID: 31861054 PMCID: PMC6963204 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in probiotic foods and ingredients is increasing as consumers become more aware of their potential health benefits. The production of these products often involves the use of dry culture powders, and the techniques used to produce such powders often suffer from significant losses of viable cells during drying or require the use of expensive drying technologies with limited throughput (e.g., freeze drying). In this study, the authors examined whether culture survivability during spray drying could be increased via the treatment of two common protein encapsulants with ultra-high-pressure homogenization (UHPH). Lactobacillus plantarum NRRL B-1927 (also known as ATCC 10241), a probiotic strain, was suspended in either soy protein isolate (SPI) or whey protein isolate (WPI) which had been either treated with UHPH at 150 Mpa or left untreated as a control. The suspensions were then dried using either concurrent-flow spray drying (CCSD), mixed-flow spray drying (MFSD) or freeze drying (FD) and evaluated for cell survivability, particle size, moisture content and water activity. In all cases, UHPH resulted in equal or greater survivability among spray dried cultures, showed reductions in particle size measures and, except for one marginal case (CCFD SPI), significantly reduced the moisture content of the dried powders. The combination of these findings strongly suggests that UHPH could allow probiotic powder manufacturers to replace freeze drying with spray drying while maintaining or increasing product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E. Mis-Solval
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;
- Correspondence: (K.E.M.-S.); (G.A.C.); Tel.: +1-(770)-412-4741 (K.E.M.-S.); +1-(706)-542-1092 (G.A.C.)
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;
| | - Meilin Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China;
| | - Kay H. Joo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - George A. Cavender
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Correspondence: (K.E.M.-S.); (G.A.C.); Tel.: +1-(770)-412-4741 (K.E.M.-S.); +1-(706)-542-1092 (G.A.C.)
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