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Iqbal D, Zhao Y, Zhao R, Russell SJ, Ning X. A Review on Nanocellulose and Superhydrophobic Features for Advanced Water Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2343. [PMID: 35745924 PMCID: PMC9229312 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, developing countries require access to safe drinking water to support human health and facilitate long-term sustainable development, in which waste management and control are critical tasks. As the most plentiful, renewable biopolymer on earth, cellulose has significant utility in the delivery of potable water for human consumption. Herein, recent developments in the application of nanoscale cellulose and cellulose derivatives for water treatment are reviewed, with reference to the properties and structure of the material. The potential application of nanocellulose as a primary component for water treatment is linked to its high aspect ratio, high surface area, and the high number of hydroxyl groups available for molecular interaction with heavy metals, dyes, oil-water separation, and other chemical impurities. The ability of superhydrophobic nanocellulose-based textiles as functional fabrics is particularly acknowledged as designed structures for advanced water treatment systems. This review covers the adsorption of heavy metals and chemical impurities like dyes, oil-water separation, as well as nanocellulose and nanostructured derivative membranes, and superhydrophobic coatings, suitable for adsorbing chemical and biological pollutants, including microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Iqbal
- Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.I.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yintao Zhao
- Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.I.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Renhai Zhao
- Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.I.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Stephen J. Russell
- Leeds Institute of Textiles and Colour (LITAC), School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Xin Ning
- Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (D.I.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.)
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2
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Upscaled engineered functional microfibrillated cellulose flat sheet membranes for removing charged water pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Asad M, Asiri AM, Azum N, Monti S, Karim Z. Chemo-enzymatic functionalized sustainable cellulosic membranes: Impact of regional selectivity on ions capture and antifouling behavior. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118937. [PMID: 34973755 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Most of the polymeric membranes synthesized for decentralization of polluted water use fossil-based components. Thus, there is an urgent need to create robust and tunable nano/micro materials for confidently designing efficient and selective polymeric water filters with guaranteed sustainability. We have chosen a robust high-grade microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) as the functional material and selectively tuned it via enzymatic catalysis, which led to the attachment of phosphate group at the C6 position, followed by esterification (fatty acid attachment at C2 and C3 carbon), which led to the increase in its antifouling properties. We have demonstrated the robustness of the functionalization by measuring the separation of various metal ions, and the antifouling properties by adding foulants, such as Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and cancerous cells to the test solutions. These prototype affinity MFC membranes represent the most promising type of next-generation high-performance filtration devices for a more sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naved Azum
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susanna Monti
- CNR-ICCOM, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, SE-891 22 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden; Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia.
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Mautner A, Bismarck A. Bacterial nanocellulose papers with high porosity for optimized permeance and rejection of nm-sized pollutants. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117130. [PMID: 33142661 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Access to clean potable water is increasingly becoming a struggle for whole humankind, thus water treatment to remediate wastewater and fresh water sources is an important task. Pollutants in the nanoscale, such as viruses and macromolecules, are usually removed by means of membrane filtration processes, predominantly nanofiltration or ultrafiltration. Cellulose nanopapers, prepared from renewable resources and manufactured by papermaking, have recently been demonstrated to be versatile alternatives to polymer membranes in this domain. Unfortunately, so far nanopaper filters suffer from limited permeance and thus efficiency. We here present nanopapers made from bacterial cellulose dispersed in water or different types of low surface tension organic liquids (alcohol, ketone, ether) through a simple papermaking process. Nanopapers prepared from organic liquids (BC-org) exhibited 40 times higher permeance, caused by a lower paper density hence increased porosity, compared to conventional nanopapers produced from aqueous dispersions, ultimately enhancing the efficiency of bacterial cellulose nanopaper membranes. Despite their higher porosity, BC-org nanopapers still have pore sizes of 15-20 nm similar to BC nanopapers made from aqueous dispersions, thus enabling removal of contaminants the size of viruses by a size-exclusion mechanism at high permeance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mautner
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
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5
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Sain S, Åkesson D, Skrifvars M, Roy S. Hydrophobic Shape-Memory Biocomposites from Tung-Oil-Based Bioresin and Onion-Skin-Derived Nanocellulose Networks. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112470. [PMID: 33113756 PMCID: PMC7716223 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of smart biocomposites from sustainable resources that could replace today’s petroleum-derived polymer materials is a growing field of research. Here, we report preparation of novel biocomposites using nanocellulose networks extracted from food residue (onion skin) and a vegetable oil-based bioresin. The resin was synthesized via the Diels-Alder reaction between furfuryl methacrylate and tung oil at various ratios of the components. The onion-skin-extracted cellulose nanofiber and cellulose nanocrystal networks were then impregnated with the resins yielding biocomposites that exhibited improved mechanical strength and higher storage modulus values. The properties of the resins, as well as biocomposites, were affected by the resin compositions. A 190–240-fold increase in mechanical strength was observed in the cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced biocomposites with low furfuryl methacrylate content. The biocomposites exhibited interesting shape-memory behavior with 80–96% shape recovery being observed after 7 creep cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunanda Sain
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (D.Å.)
| | - Dan Åkesson
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (D.Å.)
| | - Mikael Skrifvars
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden;
| | - Souvik Roy
- Joseph Bank Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK;
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Onwumere J, Pia̧tek J, Budnyak T, Chen J, Budnyk S, Karim Z, Thersleff T, Kuśtrowski P, Mathew AP, Slabon A. CelluPhot: Hybrid Cellulose-Bismuth Oxybromide Membrane for Pollutant Removal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42891-42901. [PMID: 32840994 PMCID: PMC7586292 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater is a complex challenge and requires usually several sequential processes. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of a hybrid material that can fulfill both tasks: (i) the adsorption of metal ions due to the negative surface charge, and (ii) photocatalytic decomposition of organic compounds. The bioinorganic hybrid membrane consists of cellulose fibers to ensure mechanical stability and of Bi4O5Br2/BiOBr nanosheets. The composite is synthesized at low temperature of 115 °C directly on the cellulose membrane (CM) in order to maintain the carboxylic and hydroxyl groups on the surface that are responsible for the adsorption of metal ions. The composite can adsorb both Co(II) and Ni(II) ions and the kinetic study confirmed a good agreement of experimental data with the pseudo-second-order equation kinetic model. CM/Bi4O5Br2/BiOBr showed higher affinity to Co(II) ions than to Ni(II) ions from diluted aqueous solutions. The bioinorganic composite demonstrates a synergistic effect in the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) by exceeding the removal efficiency of single components. The fabrication of the biologic-inorganic interface was confirmed by various analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM EDX) mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The presented approach for controlled formation of the bioinorganic interface between natural material (cellulose) and nanoscopic inorganic materials of tailored morphology (Bi-O-Br system) enables the significant enhancement of materials functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Onwumere
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jȩdrzej Pia̧tek
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tetyana Budnyak
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Budnyk
- AC2T research GmbH, Viktor-Kaplan-Str. 2/c, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, Box 70, SE-89122, Örnsköldsvik, Sweden
| | - Thomas Thersleff
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aji P. Mathew
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Karim Z, Svedberg A, Ayub S. Role of functional groups in the production of self-assembled microfibrillated cellulose hybrid frameworks and influence on separation mechanisms of dye from aqueous medium. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1541-1552. [PMID: 31743720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the role of surface ζ-potential, surface charge density of functional groups and available surface functional groups (-OH and -COO-) of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was explored in the production of self-assembled dimensional frameworks. Furthermore, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) oxidation of MFC and in situ TEMPO functionalization of produced frameworks were performed. The effect of increased charge density of carboxylic groups (-COO-) and decrease in surface ζ-potential on binding of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was investigated further. High binding of TiO2 and HRP was reported due to high density of carboxylic group (-COO-) on produced functional frameworks. Thereafter, a model water of Irgalite Violet NZ dye was targeted to understand the behavior of available functional groups and introduced surface ζ-potential of frameworks towards adsorption of dye. Possible size-exclusion of dye aggregates was also explored using neat-MFC frameworks. Photo-oxidation (TiO2) and enzymatic catalysis (HRP) were studied further and highly effective system towards dye degradation was reported. Lastly, this study has shown a well deliberated quantitative understanding of functional groups/their density responsible for the production of frameworks and separation of dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, SE-891 22 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden.
| | - Anna Svedberg
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, SE-891 22 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden
| | - Shahanaz Ayub
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology (BIET), Jhansi 284128, UP, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mautner
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) GroupInstitute of Materials Chemistry and Research, University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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9
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Karim Z, Svedberg A. Controlled retention and drainage of microfibrillated cellulose in continuous paper production. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02964e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, an attempt has been made to scale up microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) reinforced paper using a pilot scale experimental paper machine (XPM) in continuous mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB
- Örnsköldsvik
- Sweden
- Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering
- South Ural State University
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