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Dujardin C, Habeler W, Monville C, Letourneur D, Simon-Yarza T. Advances in the engineering of the outer blood-retina barrier: From in-vitro modelling to cellular therapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:151-177. [PMID: 37637086 PMCID: PMC10448242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer blood-retina barrier (oBRB), crucial for the survival and the proper functioning of the overlying retinal layers, is disrupted in numerous diseases affecting the retina, leading to the loss of the photoreceptors and ultimately of vision. To study the oBRB and/or its degeneration, many in vitro oBRB models have been developed, notably to investigate potential therapeutic strategies against retinal diseases. Indeed, to this day, most of these pathologies are untreatable, especially once the first signs of degeneration are observed. To cure those patients, a current strategy is to cultivate in vitro a mature oBRB epithelium on a custom membrane that is further implanted to replace the damaged native tissue. After a description of the oBRB and the related diseases, this review presents an overview of the oBRB models, from the simplest to the most complex. Then, we propose a discussion over the used cell types, for their relevance to study or treat the oBRB. Models designed for in vitro applications are then examined, by paying particular attention to the design evolution in the last years, the development of pathological models and the benefits of co-culture models, including both the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid. Lastly, this review focuses on the models developed for in vivo implantation, with special emphasis on the choice of the material, its processing and its characterization, before discussing the reported pre-clinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Dujardin
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Walter Habeler
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université D’Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre D’étude des Cellules Souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Christelle Monville
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université D’Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Teresa Simon-Yarza
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
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2
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Nishiyama T, Tsujinaka H, Ueda T, Ogata N. Alteration in Melanin Content in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells upon Hydroquinone Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16801. [PMID: 38069124 PMCID: PMC10706107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal pigmentation or depigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a precursor to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). In this study, we evaluated the effects of hydroquinone (HQ), the most potent reductant in cigarette smoke, on the melanin production in RPE cells. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived RPE and adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells were cultured with HQ. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of melanin-related genes decreased due to the addition of HQ for 1 day. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent immunoassay showed that the concentration of melanin significantly decreased due to the addition of HQ for 24 h. A suspension of RPE cells with HQ for 24 h was prepared, and the absorbance was measured. The absorbance decreased particularly under blue light, suggesting that blue light may reach the choroid and cause choroidal inflammation. Additionally, melanin levels significantly decreased due to the addition of HQ for 1 week. After blue light irradiation on the RPE with HQ for 1 week, the vascular endothelial growth factor in the medium was significantly higher in the HQ group than in the control group. HQ-induced changes in melanin production may be responsible for the uneven pigmentation of the RPE, and these changes may cause nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tetsuo Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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3
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Hsueh HT, Chou RT, Rai U, Kolodziejski P, Liyanage W, Pejavar J, Mozzer A, Davison C, Appell MB, Kim YC, Leo KT, Kwon H, Sista M, Anders NM, Hemingway A, Rompicharla SVK, Pitha I, Zack DJ, Hanes J, Cummings MP, Ensign LM. Engineered peptide-drug conjugate provides sustained protection of retinal ganglion cells with topical administration in rats. J Control Release 2023; 362:371-380. [PMID: 37657693 PMCID: PMC10591956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Effective eye drop delivery systems for treating diseases of the posterior segment have yet to be clinically validated. Further, adherence to eye drop regimens is often problematic due to the difficulty and inconvenience of repetitive dosing. Here, we describe a strategy for topically dosing a peptide-drug conjugate to achieve effective and sustained therapeutic sunitinib concentrations to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a rat model of optic nerve injury. We combined two promising delivery technologies, namely, a hypotonic gel-forming eye drop delivery system, and an engineered melanin binding and cell-penetrating peptide that sustains intraocular drug residence time. We found that once daily topical dosing of HR97-SunitiGel provided up to 2 weeks of neuroprotection after the last dose, effectively doubling the therapeutic window observed with SunitiGel. For chronic ocular diseases affecting the posterior segment, the convenience of an eye drop combined with intermittent dosing frequency could result in greater patient adherence, and thus, improved disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry T Hsueh
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Renee Ti Chou
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Usha Rai
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Kolodziejski
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wathsala Liyanage
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jahnavi Pejavar
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Mozzer
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charlotte Davison
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew B Appell
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoo Chun Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kirby T Leo
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - HyeYoung Kwon
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maanasa Sista
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole M Anders
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Avelina Hemingway
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sri Vishnu Kiran Rompicharla
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ian Pitha
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donald J Zack
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael P Cummings
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Laura M Ensign
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Matos T, Hoying D, Kristopeit A, Wenger M, Joyce J. Continuous multi-membrane chromatography of large viral particles. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464194. [PMID: 37419021 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Continuous multi-column chromatography (CMCC) has been successfully implemented to address biopharmaceutical biomolecule instability, to improve process efficiency, and to reduce facility footprint and capital cost. This paper explores the implementation of a continuous multi-membrane chromatography (CMMC) process, using four membrane units, for a large viral particle in just few weeks. CMMC improves the efficiency of the chromatography step by enabling higher loads with smaller membranes for multiple cycles of column use and enables steady-state continuous bioprocessing. The separation performance of CMMC was compared to a conventional batch chromatographic capture step used at full manufacturing scale. The product step yield was 80% using CMMC versus 65% in batch mode while increasing slightly the relative purity. Furthermore, the total amount of membrane area required for the CMMC approach was approximately 10% of the area needed for batch operation, while realizing similar processing times. Since CMMC uses smaller membrane sizes, it can take advantage of the high flow rates achievable for membrane chromatography that are not typically possible at larger membrane scales due to skid flow rate limitations. As such, CMMC offers the potential for more efficient and cost-effective purification trains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Matos
- Vaccine Bioprocess Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, United States.
| | - David Hoying
- Vaccine Bioprocess Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Adam Kristopeit
- Vaccine Bioprocess Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Marc Wenger
- Vaccine Bioprocess Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Joseph Joyce
- Vaccine Bioprocess Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, United States
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Nam U, Lee S, Jeon JS. Generation of a 3D Outer Blood-Retinal Barrier with Advanced Choriocapillaris and Its Application in Diabetic Retinopathy in a Microphysiological System. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4929-4939. [PMID: 37494673 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The outer blood-retinal barrier (oBRB) provides an optimal environment for the function of the photoreceptor by regulating the exchange of molecules between subretinal space and the choriocapillaris, and its dysfunction could impair the photoreceptor's function and vision. The existing in vitro models have limitations in reproducing the barrier function or physiological characteristics of oBRB and choriocapillaris. Here, we engineered a microphysiological system-based oBRB-choriocapillaris model that simultaneously incorporates the desired physiological characteristics and is simple to fabricate. First, we generated microvascular networks to mimic choriocapillaris and investigated the role of fibroblasts in vasculogenesis. By adding retinal pigment epithelial cells to one side of blood vessels formed with endothelial cells and fibroblasts and optimizing their culture medium conditions, we established an oBRB-choriocapillaris model. To verify the physiological similarity of our oBRB-choriocapillaris model, we identified the polarization and expression of the tight junction of the retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch's membrane, and the fenestral diaphragm of choriocapillaris. Finally, we tried to recapitulate the diabetes mellitus environment in our model with hyperglycemia and diabetes-related cytokines. This induced a decrease in tight junction integrity, loss of barrier function, and shrinkage of blood vessels, similar to the in vivo pathological changes observed in the oBRB and choriocapillaris. The oBRB-choriocapillaris model developed using a microphysiological system is expected to offer a valuable in vitro platform for retinal and choroidal vascular diseases in preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ungsig Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Wang N, Zhang Y, Wang W, Ye Z, Chen H, Hu G, Ouyang D. How can machine learning and multiscale modeling benefit ocular drug development? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 196:114772. [PMID: 36906232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The eyes possess sophisticated physiological structures, diverse disease targets, limited drug delivery space, distinctive barriers, and complicated biomechanical processes, requiring a more in-depth understanding of the interactions between drug delivery systems and biological systems for ocular formulation development. However, the tiny size of the eyes makes sampling difficult and invasive studies costly and ethically constrained. Developing ocular formulations following conventional trial-and-error formulation and manufacturing process screening procedures is inefficient. Along with the popularity of computational pharmaceutics, non-invasive in silico modeling & simulation offer new opportunities for the paradigm shift of ocular formulation development. The current work first systematically reviews the theoretical underpinnings, advanced applications, and unique advantages of data-driven machine learning and multiscale simulation approaches represented by molecular simulation, mathematical modeling, and pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling for ocular drug development. Following this, a new computer-driven framework for rational pharmaceutical formulation design is proposed, inspired by the potential of in silico explorations in understanding drug delivery details and facilitating drug formulation design. Lastly, to promote the paradigm shift, integrated in silico methodologies were highlighted, and discussions on data challenges, model practicality, personalized modeling, regulatory science, interdisciplinary collaboration, and talent training were conducted in detail with a view to achieving more efficient objective-oriented pharmaceutical formulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yunsen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Zhuyifan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China; Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), University of Macau, Macau, China.
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7
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Hellinen L, Hongisto H, Ramsay E, Kaarniranta K, Vellonen KS, Skottman H, Ruponen M. Comparison of barrier properties of outer blood-retinal barrier models - Human stem cell-based models as a novel tool for ocular drug discovery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 184:181-188. [PMID: 36740104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell monolayer forms the outer blood-retinal barrier and has a crucial role in ocular pharmacokinetics. Although several RPE cell models are available, there have been no systematic comparisons of their barrier properties with respect to drug permeability. We compared the barrier properties of RPE secondary cell lines (ARPE19, and ARPE19mel) and both primary (hfRPE) and stem-cell derived RPE (hESC-RPE) cells by investigating the permeability of nine drugs (aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone, fluconazole, ganciclovir, ketorolac, methotrexate, voriconazole, and quinidine) across cell monolayers. ARPE19, ARPE19mel, and hfRPE cells displayed a narrow Papp value range, with relatively high permeation rates (5.2-26 × 10-6 cm/s). In contrast, hESC-RPE cells efficiently restricted the drug flux, and displayed even lower Papp values than those reported for bovine RPE-choroid, with the range of 0.4-32 cm-6/s. Therefore, ARPE19, ARPE19mel, and hfRPE cells failed to form a tight barrier, whereas hESC-RPE cells restricted the drug flux to a similar extent as bovine RPE-choroid. Therefore, hESC-RPE cells are valuable tools in ocular drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hellinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Heidi Hongisto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eva Ramsay
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kati-Sisko Vellonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marika Ruponen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
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8
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Augustin S, Lam M, Lavalette S, Verschueren A, Blond F, Forster V, Przegralek L, He Z, Lewandowski D, Bemelmans AP, Picaud S, Sahel JA, Mathis T, Paques M, Thuret G, Guillonneau X, Delarasse C, Sennlaub F. Melanophages give rise to hyperreflective foci in AMD, a disease-progression marker. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:28. [PMID: 36755326 PMCID: PMC9906876 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal melanosome/melanolipofuscin-containing cells (MCCs), clinically visible as hyperreflective foci (HRF) and a highly predictive imaging biomarker for the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are widely believed to be migrating retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Using human donor tissue, we identify the vast majority of MCCs as melanophages, melanosome/melanolipofuscin-laden mononuclear phagocytes (MPs). Using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, RPE flatmounts, bone marrow transplantation and in vitro experiments, we show how retinal melanophages form by the transfer of melanosomes from the RPE to subretinal MPs when the "don't eat me" signal CD47 is blocked. These melanophages give rise to hyperreflective foci in Cd47-/--mice in vivo, and are associated with RPE dysmorphia similar to intermediate AMD. Finally, we show that Cd47 expression in human RPE declines with age and in AMD, which likely participates in melanophage formation and RPE decline. Boosting CD47 expression in AMD might protect RPE cells and delay AMD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Augustin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Marion Lam
- Ophthalmology Department, Université de Paris, APHP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lavalette
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Anna Verschueren
- grid.415610.70000 0001 0657 9752Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Blond
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Forster
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Lauriane Przegralek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Zhiguo He
- grid.6279.a0000 0001 2158 1682Laboratory of Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology, BiiO, EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Daniel Lewandowski
- grid.457349.80000 0004 0623 0579Cellules Souches et Radiations, Stabilité Génétique, Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- grid.457349.80000 0004 0623 0579Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Serge Picaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France ,grid.415610.70000 0001 0657 9752Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | - Thibaud Mathis
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5510 MATEIS, Université Lyon 1, 103 Grande rue de la Croix Rousse, 69317 Lyon Cedex 04, France
| | - Michel Paques
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France ,grid.415610.70000 0001 0657 9752Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Thuret
- grid.6279.a0000 0001 2158 1682Laboratory of Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology, BiiO, EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Xavier Guillonneau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Delarasse
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Florian Sennlaub
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France.
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Andrade FEC, Correia-Silva RD, Covre JL, Lice I, Gomes JÁP, Gil CD. Effects of galectin-3 protein on UVA-induced damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023; 22:21-32. [PMID: 36036336 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Several inflammatory molecules have been suggested as biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Galectin-3 (Gal-3), which has been shown to have a protective role in corneal injury by promoting epithelial cells adhesion and migration to the extracellular matrix, is also highly expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of patients with AMD. This study evaluated the role of Gal-3 in an in vitro model of UVA-induced RPE damage, as a proof-of-concept. ARPE-19 cells (human RPE cell line), were incubated with Gal-3 at 0.5-2.5 µg/mL concentrations prior to UVA irradiation for 15, 30, and 45 min, which resulted in accumulated doses of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 J/cm2, respectively. After 24 h incubation, MTT and LDH assays, immunofluorescence, and ELISA were performed. UVA irradiation for 15, 30, and 45 min proved to reduce viability in 83%, 46%, and 11%, respectively. Based on the latter results, we chose the intermediate dose (5-J/cm2) for further analysis. Pretreatment with Gal-3 at concentrations > 1.5 µg/mL showed to increase the viability of UVA-irradiated cells (~ 75%) compared to untreated cells (64%). Increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, a marker of cell death, were detected in the ARPE cells after UVA irradiation with or without addition of exogenous Gal-3. The inhibitory effect of Gal-3 on UVA-induced cell damage was characterized by decreased ROS levels and increased p38 activation, as detected by fluorescence analysis. In conclusion, our study suggests a photoprotective effect of Gal-3 on RPE by reducing oxidative stress and increasing p38 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans E C Andrade
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres-3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca D Correia-Silva
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres-3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Joyce L Covre
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Izabella Lice
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres-3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - José Álvaro P Gomes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres-3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil.
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10
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Kotajima M, Choi JH, Kondo M, D’Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Toda M, Yasuma T, Gabazza EC, Miwa Y, Shoda C, Lee D, Nakai A, Kurihara T, Wu J, Hirai H, Kawagishi H. Axl, Immune Checkpoint Molecules and HIF Inhibitors from the Culture Broth of Lepista luscina. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248925. [PMID: 36558053 PMCID: PMC9781456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the culture broth of Lepista luscina. This is the first time that compound 1 was isolated from a natural source. The structure of compound 1 was identified via 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Compounds 1 and 2 along with 8-nitrotryptanthrin (4) were evaluated for their biological activities using the A549 lung cancer cell line. As a result, 1 and 2 inhibited the expression of Axl and immune checkpoint molecules. In addition, compounds 1, 2 and 4 were tested for HIF inhibitory activity. Compound 2 demonstrated statistically significant HIF inhibitory effects on NIH3T3 cells and 1 and 2 against ARPE19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaya Kotajima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute for Mushroom Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kondo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | | | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 524-8507, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 524-8507, Japan
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 524-8507, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Miwa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shina-nomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chiho Shoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shina-nomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Deokho Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shina-nomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shina-nomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shina-nomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jing Wu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute for Mushroom Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hirai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute for Mushroom Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kawagishi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Research Institute for Mushroom Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Correspondence:
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11
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Bahrpeyma S, Reinisalo M, Hellinen L, Auriola S, Del Amo EM, Urtti A. Mechanisms of cellular retention of melanin bound drugs: Experiments and computational modeling. J Control Release 2022; 348:760-770. [PMID: 35738465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanin binding of drugs is known to increase drug concentrations and retention in pigmented eye tissues. Even though the correlation between melanin binding in vitro and exposure to pigmented eye in vivo has been shown, there is a discrepancy between rapid drug release from melanin particles in vitro and the long in vivo retention in the pigmented tissues. We investigated mechanisms and kinetics of pigment-related drug retention experimentally using isolated melanin particles from porcine retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, isolated porcine eye melanosomes, and re-pigmented ARPE-19 cells in a dynamic flow system. The experimental studies were supplemented with kinetic simulations. Affinity and capacity of levofloxacin, terazosin, papaverine, and timolol binding to melanin revealed Kd values of ≈ 50-150 μM and Bmax ≈ 40-112 nmol.mg-1. The drugs were released from melanin in <1 h (timolol) or in 6-12 h (other drugs). The drugs were released slower from the melanosomes than from melanin; the experimental differences ranged from 1.2-fold (papaverine) to 7.4-fold (timolol). Kinetic simulations supported the role of the melanosomal membrane in slowing down the release of melanin binders. In release studies from the pigmented ARPE-19 cells, drugs were released from the cellular melanin to the extracellular space in ≈ 1 day (timolol) and ≈ 11 days (levofloxacin), i.e., much slower than the release from melanin or melanosomes. Simulations of drug release from pigmented cells in the flow system matched the experimental data and enabled further sensitivity analyses. The simulations demonstrated a significant prolongation of drug retention in the cells as a function of decreasing drug permeability in the melanosomal membranes and increasing melanin content in the cells. Overall, we report the impact of cellular factors in prolonging drug retention and release from melanin-containing cells. These data and simulations will facilitate the design of melanin binding drugs with prolonged ocular actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Bahrpeyma
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Hellinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eva M Del Amo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Petergoff, Russian Federation.
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12
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Discovering the Potential of Natural Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010101. [PMID: 35056157 PMCID: PMC8777838 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease associated with anatomical changes in the inner retina. Despite tremendous advances in clinical care, there is currently no cure for AMD. This review aims to evaluate the published literature on the therapeutic roles of natural antioxidants in AMD. A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2021 was undertaken. A total of 82 preclinical and 18 clinical studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. We identified active compounds, carotenoids, extracts and polysaccharides, flavonoids, formulations, vitamins and whole foods with potential therapeutic roles in AMD. We evaluated the integral cellular signaling pathways including the activation of antioxidant pathways and angiogenesis pathways orchestrating their mode of action. In conclusion, we examined the therapeutic roles of natural antioxidants in AMD which warrant further study for application in clinical practice. Our current understanding is that natural antioxidants have the potential to improve or halt the progression of AMD, and tailoring therapeutics to the specific disease stages may be the key to preventing irreversible vision loss.
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13
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Nguyen VP, Li Y, Henry J, Qian T, Zhang W, Wang X, Paulus YM. In Vivo Subretinal ARPE-19 Cell Tracking Using Indocyanine Green Contrast-Enhanced Multimodality Photoacoustic Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Fluorescence Imaging for Regenerative Medicine. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:10. [PMID: 34473239 PMCID: PMC8419880 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cell-based regenerative therapies are being investigated as a novel treatment method to treat currently incurable eye diseases, such as geographic atrophy in macular degeneration. Photoacoustic imaging is a promising technology which can visualize transplanted stem cells in vivo longitudinally over time in the retina. In this study, a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved indocyanine green (ICG) contrast agent is used for labeling and tracking cell distribution and viability using multimodal photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescence imaging. Methods Twelve rabbits (2.4–3.4 kg weight, 2–4 months old) were used in the study. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were labeled with ICG dye and transplanted in the subretinal space in the rabbits. Longitudinal PAM, OCT, and fluorescence imaging was performed for up to 28 days following subretinal administration of ARPE-19 cells. Results Cell migration location, viability, and cell layer thickness were clearly recognized and determined from the fluorescence, OCT, and PAM signal. The in vivo results demonstrated that fluorescence signal increased 37-fold and PAM signal enhanced 20-fold post transplantation. Conclusions This study demonstrates that ICG-assisted PAM, OCT, and fluorescence imaging can provide a unique platform for tracking ARPE-19 cells longitudinally with high resolution and high image contrast. Translational Relevance Multimodal PAM, OCT, and fluorescence in vivo imaging with ICG can improve our understanding of the fate, distribution, and function of regenerative cell therapies over time nondestructively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Phuc Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanxiu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica Henry
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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14
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Kim J, Park JY, Kong JS, Lee H, Won JY, Cho DW. Development of 3D Printed Bruch's Membrane-Mimetic Substance for the Maturation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031095. [PMID: 33499245 PMCID: PMC7865340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of the pigmented cells that lies on the thin extracellular matrix called Bruch's membrane. This monolayer is the main component of the outer blood-retinal barrier (BRB), which plays a multifunctional role. Due to their crucial roles, the damage of this epithelium causes a wide range of diseases related to retinal degeneration including age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and Stargardt disease. Unfortunately, there is presently no cure for these diseases. Clinically implantable RPE for humans is under development, and there is no practical examination platform for drug development. Here, we developed porcine Bruch's membrane-derived bioink (BM-ECM). Compared to conventional laminin, the RPE cells on BM-ECM showed enhanced functionality of RPE. Furthermore, we developed the Bruch's membrane-mimetic substrate (BMS) via the integration of BM-ECM and 3D printing technology, which revealed structure and extracellular matrix components similar to those of natural Bruch's membrane. The developed BMS facilitated the appropriate functions of RPE, including barrier and clearance functions, the secretion of anti-angiogenic growth factors, and enzyme formation for phototransduction. Moreover, it could be used as a basement frame for RPE transplantation. We established BMS using 3D printing technology to grow RPE cells with functions that could be used for an in vitro model and RPE transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Ju Young Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Jeong Sik Kong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jae Yon Won
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea
- Catholic Institute for Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 14662, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.Y.W.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Dong Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.Y.W.); (D.W.C.)
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15
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Buosi FS, Alaimo A, Di Santo MC, Elías F, García Liñares G, Acebedo SL, Castañeda Cataña MA, Spagnuolo CC, Lizarraga L, Martínez KD, Pérez OE. Resveratrol encapsulation in high molecular weight chitosan-based nanogels for applications in ocular treatments: Impact on human ARPE-19 culture cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:804-821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Ibuki M, Lee D, Shinojima A, Miwa Y, Tsubota K, Kurihara T. Rice Bran and Vitamin B6 Suppress Pathological Neovascularization in a Murine Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration as Novel HIF Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238940. [PMID: 33255657 PMCID: PMC7728083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological neovascularization in the eye is a leading cause of blindness in all age groups from retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in children to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the elderly. Inhibiting neovascularization via antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs has been used for the effective treatment. However, anti-VEGF therapies may cause development of chorioretinal atrophy as they affect a physiological amount of VEGF essential for retinal homeostasis. Furthermore, anti-VEGF therapies are still ineffective in some cases, especially in patients with AMD. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a strong regulator of VEGF induction under hypoxic and other stress conditions. Our previous reports have indicated that HIF is associated with pathological retinal neovascularization in murine models of ROP and AMD, and HIF inhibition suppresses neovascularization by reducing an abnormal increase in VEGF expression. Along with this, we attempted to find novel effective HIF inhibitors from natural foods of our daily lives. Food ingredients were screened for prospective HIF inhibitors in ocular cell lines of 661W and ARPE-19, and a murine AMD model was utilized for examining suppressive effects of the ingredients on retinal neovascularization. As a result, rice bran and its component, vitamin B6 showed inhibitory effects on HIF activation and suppressed VEGF mRNA induction under a CoCl2-induced pseudo-hypoxic condition. Dietary supplement of these significantly suppressed retinal neovascularization in the AMD model. These data suggest that rice bran could have promising therapeutic values in the management of pathological ocular neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ibuki
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.I.); (D.L.); (A.S.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Deokho Lee
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.I.); (D.L.); (A.S.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ari Shinojima
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.I.); (D.L.); (A.S.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Miwa
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.I.); (D.L.); (A.S.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Animal Eye Care•Tokyo Animal Eye Clinic, Tokyo 158-0093, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5636-3269 (K.T.); +81-3-5636-3204 (T.K.)
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (M.I.); (D.L.); (A.S.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5636-3269 (K.T.); +81-3-5636-3204 (T.K.)
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17
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Collins M, Awwad S, Ibeanu N, Khaw PT, Guiliano D, Brocchini S, Khalili H. Dual-acting therapeutic proteins for intraocular use. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:44-55. [PMID: 33137484 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Intravitreally injected antibody-based medicines have revolutionised the treatment of retinal disease. Bispecific and dual-functional antibodies and therapeutic proteins have the potential to further increase the efficacy of intraocular medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Collins
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK; School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Sahar Awwad
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Nkiru Ibeanu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - David Guiliano
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK
| | - Steve Brocchini
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Hanieh Khalili
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK; School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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18
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A Fairy Chemical Suppresses Retinal Angiogenesis as a HIF Inhibitor. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101405. [PMID: 33020402 PMCID: PMC7599576 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascular retinal degeneration is a leading cause of blindness in advanced countries. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have been used for neovascular retinal diseases; however, anti-VEGF drugs may cause the development of chorioretinal atrophy in chronic therapy as they affect the physiological amount of VEGF needed for retinal homeostasis. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcription factor inducing VEGF expression under hypoxic and other stress conditions. Previously, we demonstrated that HIF was involved with pathological retinal angiogenesis in murine models of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), and pharmacological HIF inhibition prevented retinal neovascularization by reducing an ectopic amount of VEGF. Along with this, we attempted to find novel effective HIF inhibitors. Compounds originally isolated from mushroom-forming fungi were screened for prospective HIF inhibitors utilizing cell lines of 3T3, ARPE-19 and 661W. A murine OIR model was used to examine the anti-angiogenic effects of the compounds. As a result, 2-azahypoxanthine (AHX) showed an inhibitory effect on HIF activation and suppressed Vegf mRNA upregulation under CoCl2-induced pseudo-hypoxic conditions. Oral administration of AHX significantly suppressed retinal neovascular tufts in the OIR model. These data suggest that AHX could be a promising anti-angiogenic agent in retinal neovascularization by inhibiting HIF activation.
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19
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Rim MA, Choi JH, Park A, Youn J, Lee S, Kim NE, Song JE, Khang G. Characterization of Gelatin/Gellan Gum/Glycol Chitosan Ternary Hydrogel for Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tissue Reconstruction Materials. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6079-6087. [PMID: 35021836 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cellular transplantation approach to treat damaged or diseased retina is limited because of poor survival, distribution, and integration of cells after implantation to the sub-retinal space. To overcome this, it is important to develop a cell delivery system. In this study, a ternary hydrogel of gelatin (Ge)/gellan gum (GG)/glycol chitosan (CS) is suggested as a cell carrier for retinal tissue engineering (TE). Physicochemical properties such as porosity, swelling, sol fraction, and weight loss were measured. The mechanical study was performed with compressive strength and viscosity to confirm applicability in retinal TE. An in vitro experiment was carried out by encapsulating ARPE-19 in the designed hydrogel to measure viability and expression of retinal pigment epithelium-specific proteins and genes. The results showed that the ternary hydrogel system improves the mechanical properties and stability of the composite. Cell growth, survival, adhesion, and migration were enhanced as the CS was incorporated into the matrix. In particular, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a markedly improved specific gene expression rate in the Ge/GG/CS. Therefore, it is expected that the ternary system suggested in this study can be used as a promising material for retinal TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min A Rim
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Choi
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ain Park
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Youn
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Lee
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Eun Kim
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
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20
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Preclinical challenges for developing long acting intravitreal medicines. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 153:130-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zinc and Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144994. [PMID: 32679798 PMCID: PMC7404247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc supplementation is reported to slow down the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but there is no general consensus on the beneficiary effect on zinc in AMD. As zinc can stimulate autophagy that is declined in AMD, it is rational to assume that it can slow down its progression. As melanosomes are the main reservoir of zinc in the retina, zinc may decrease the number of lipofuscin granules that are substrates for autophagy. The triad zinc–autophagy–AMD could explain some controversies associated with population studies on zinc supplementation in AMD as the effect of zinc on AMD may be modulated by genetic background. This aspect was not determined in many studies regarding zinc in AMD. Zinc deficiency induces several events associated with AMD pathogenesis, including increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and the resulting lipofuscinogenesis. The latter requires autophagy, which is impaired. This is a vicious cycle-like reaction that may contribute to AMD progression. Promising results with zinc deficiency and supplementation in AMD patients and animal models, as well as emerging evidence of the importance of autophagy in AMD, are the rationale for future research on the role of autophagy in the role of zinc supplementation in AMD.
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Microscale Thermophoresis as a Screening Tool to Predict Melanin Binding of Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060554. [PMID: 32560065 PMCID: PMC7355663 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between drugs and melanin pigment may have major impacts on pharmacokinetics. Therefore, melanin binding can modify the efficacy and toxicity of medications in ophthalmic and other disease of pigmented tissues, such as melanoma. As melanin is present in many pigmented tissues in the human body, investigation of pigment binding is relevant in drug discovery and development. Conventionally, melanin binding assays have been performed using an equilibrium binding study followed by chemical analytics, such as LC/MS. This approach is laborious, relatively slow, and limited to facilities with high performance quantitation instrumentation. We present here a screening of melanin binding with label-free microscale thermophoresis (MST) that utilizes the natural autofluorescence of melanin. We determined equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) of 11 model compounds with melanin nanoparticles. MST categorized the compounds into extreme (chloroquine, penicillin G), high (papaverine, levofloxacin, terazosin), intermediate (timolol, nadolol, quinidine, propranolol), and low melanin binders (atropine, methotrexate, diclofenac) and displayed good correlation with binding parameter values obtained with the conventional binding study and LC/MS analytics. Further, correlation was seen between predicted melanin binding in human retinal pigment epithelium and choroid (RPE-choroid) and Kd values obtained with MST. This method represents a useful and fast approach for classification of compounds regarding melanin binding. Thus, the method can be utilized in various fields, including drug discovery, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology.
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El-Mansi AA, Al-Kahtani MA, Al-Sayyad KM, Ahmed EA, Gad AR. Visual adaptability and retinal characterization of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus, Pteropodidae): New insights into photoreceptors spatial distribution and melanosomal activity. Micron 2020; 137:102897. [PMID: 32563026 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2020.102897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our study was conducted to characterize the retinal structure of the Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus to determine the distribution of photoreceptors and melanosomal populations in various retinal zones. Also, we paid attention to the specific structural and functional adaptations related to their nocturnal habits. We analyzed the retinae of 12 adult male Egyptian fruit bats using morphometrical, histological, ultrastructural, and immunoblotting standard techniques. Histological findings revealed that the retinal cells have variations in geometrical architecture and different retinal thickness together with their corresponding layers bearing specific choroidal papillae projecting towards the inner retina. Immunoblotting and ultrastructure results showed that the microstructure of the retina conforms to that pattern found in mammalian species. The retinal photoreceptors are rod-dominant; alternatively, possess two spectral types of cones: SWS and LW/MWS cones as evidence for the basis for dichromatic vision. In addition, the outer retina showed densely-distributed melanin granules with a significant increase in the number of pigment epithelium cells in the eccentric retina. Furthermore, the asymmetric distribution among the retinal quadrants for the visual pigments of both rods and cones coinciding with neuronal cells such as bipolar and ganglion cells confers instructive information about their visual perception and orientation. In conclusion, our findings indicate that R. aegyptiacus efficiently discriminates colors with complex visual adaptations to mediate increased visual acuity coopted for the nocturnal niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A El-Mansi
- Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - M A Al-Kahtani
- Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - K M Al-Sayyad
- Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - E A Ahmed
- Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - A R Gad
- Biology Dept., Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Drug Flux Across RPE Cell Models: The Hunt for An Appropriate Outer Blood-Retinal Barrier Model for Use in Early Drug Discovery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12020176. [PMID: 32093035 PMCID: PMC7076505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell monolayer forms the outer blood–retinal barrier and has a crucial role in ocular pharmacokinetics. Although several RPE cell models are available, there have been no systematic comparisons of their barrier properties with respect to drug permeability. We compared the barrier properties of several RPE secondary cell lines (ARPE19, ARPE19mel, and LEPI) and both primary (hfRPE) and stem-cell derived RPE (hESC-RPE) cells by investigating the permeability of nine drugs (aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone, fluconazole, ganciclovir, ketorolac, methotrexate, voriconazole, and quinidine) across cell monolayers. ARPE19, ARPE19mel, and hfRPE cells displayed a narrow Papp value range, with relatively high permeation rates (5.2–26 × 10−6 cm/s. In contrast, hESC-RPE and LEPI cells efficiently restricted the drug flux, and displayed even lower Papp values than those reported for bovine RPE-choroid, with the range of 0.4–32 cm−6/s (hESC-RPE cells) and 0.4–29 × 10−6 cm/s, (LEPI cells). Therefore, ARPE19, ARPE19mel, and hfRPE cells failed to form a tight barrier, whereas hESC-RPE and LEPI cells restricted the drug flux to a similar extent as bovine RPE-choroid. Therefore, LEPI and hESC-RPE cells are valuable tools in ocular drug discovery.
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