1
|
Alghamdi AA. Computational Optimization of Sandwich Silicone Rubber Composite for Improved Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Insulation. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:616. [PMID: 38475300 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The efficient dissipation of heat has emerged as a crucial concern for modern electronic devices, given the continuous increase in their power density and consumption. Thus, the utilization of thermally conductive but electrically insulating silicone rubber composites as a thermal interface material has garnered significant interest. In this study, the effects of the filler volume fraction, filler orientation, layer volume fractions, layer configuration, and a number of layers on the thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity of silicone rubber composites were examined using a multiscale finite element modeling strategy. The results demonstrated that modification of the filler orientation can change the thermal conductivity by 28 and 21 times in the in-plane and through-thickness directions, respectively. The in-plane thermal conductivities of silicone rubber/boron nitride and silicone rubber/expanded graphite layers exhibit a percolation phenomenon at filler volume fractions of 35% and 30%, respectively. The electrical resistivity of the composite increases exponentially with a decrease in the number of layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Alghamdi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Zhang J, Xia L, Xu J, Sun X, Zhang C, Liu X. Boron Nitride/Polyurethane Composites with Good Thermal Conductivity and Flexibility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098221. [PMID: 37175928 PMCID: PMC10179693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal insulating composites are indispensable in electronic applications; however, their poor thermal conductivity and flexibility have become bottlenecks for improving device operations. Hexagonal boron nitride (BN) has excellent thermal conductivity and insulating properties and is an ideal filler for preparing thermally insulating polymer composites. In this study, we report a method to fabricate BN/polyurethane (PU) composites using an improved nonsolvent-induced phase separation method with binary solvents to improve the thermal performance and flexibility of PU. The stress and strain of BN60/PU are 7.52 ± 0.87 MPa and 707.34 ± 38.34%, respectively. As prepared, BN60/PU composites with unordered BN exhibited high thermal conductivity and a volume resistivity of 0.653 W/(m·K) and 23.9 × 1012 Ω·cm, which are 218.71 and 39.77% higher than that of pure PU, respectively. Moreover, these composite films demonstrated a thermal diffusion ability and maintained good integrity after 1000 bending cycles, demonstrating good mechanical and thermal reliability for practical use. Our findings provide a practical route for the production of flexible materials for efficient thermal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Yang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Science and Technology University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Liangjun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jiahao Xu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Xuenan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bose N, Rajappan K, Selvam S, Natesan G, Danagody B. CeO 2@PU sandwiched in chitosan and cellulose acetate layer as Cs-CeO 2@PU-CA triple-layered membrane for chromium removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:42679-42696. [PMID: 35902527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22078-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The single or blended polymer membrane lacks a few advantages based on the durability of the membrane. The novel triple-layered sandwich membrane Cs-CeO2@PU-CA membrane is cast through the phase inversion technique for chromium removal. This approach involves an arrangement of the top layer as chitosan which acts as a protective layer, and the sandwich layer of CeO2@PU membrane which acts as source for stability, and a supportive layer of cellulose acetate is arranged accordingly. The incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles into the polyurethane can create pores on the surface of the membrane due to the high aspect ratio of cerium oxide. The triple-layered arrangement shows higher porosity via water contact angle, the network of pores present on the membrane which is visible through morphology, and also the intermediate sandwich layer CeO2@PU provided with better mechanical strength which would be significant for changes achieved in adsorption technique. The batch adsorption was carried out with various ppm of Cr(VI) solution. The effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature were analyzed and optimized for determining efficiency of chromium removal. Furthermore, the suitable adsorption isotherm and kinetics of the system were also determined for better fit via Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Sips along with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The efficiency in adsorption is due to the prominent presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and hydrophilic group in the prepared membrane. Thus, the resultant prepared membrane can act as a potential chromium removal substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Bose
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| | - Kalaivizhi Rajappan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India.
| | - Sivasankari Selvam
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| | - Gowriboy Natesan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| | - Balaganesh Danagody
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen D, Liang Z, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Li Z. Enhancement and control of water vapor permeability and thermal conductivity of polymers: A review. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.6010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Ze Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zetian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alqahtani AA, Bertola V. Polymer and Composite Materials in Two-Phase Passive Thermal Management Systems: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:893. [PMID: 36769900 PMCID: PMC9917656 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of polymeric and composite materials in two-phase passive heat transfer devices is reviewed critically, with a focus on advantages and disadvantages of these materials in thermal management systems. Recent technology developments led to an increase of the power density in several applications including portable electronics, space and deployable systems, etc., which require high-performance and compact thermal management systems. In this context, passive two-phase systems are the most promising heat transfer devices to dissipate large heat fluxes without external power supply. Usually, heat transfer systems are built with metals due to their excellent thermal properties. However, there is an increasing interest in replacing metallic materials with polymers and composites that can offer cost-effectiveness, light weight and high mechanical flexibility. The present work reviews state-of the-art applications of polymers and composites in two-phase passive thermal management systems, with an analysis of their limitations and technical challenges.
Collapse
|
6
|
Su KH, Su CY, Shih WL, Lee FT. Improvement of the Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polyurethane Composites by Incorporating Hydroxylated Boron Nitride Functional Fillers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:356. [PMID: 36614693 PMCID: PMC9821942 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) in the three-dimensional (3D) printing of thermal interface materials (TIMs) has garnered increasing attention. Because fillers orient themselves along the direction of the melt flow during printing, this method could effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of existing composite materials. However, the poor compatibility and intensive aggregation of h-BN fillers in polymer composites are still detrimental to their practical application in thermally conductive materials. In this study, hydroxyl-functionalized boron nitride (OH-BN) particles were prepared by chemical modification and ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation to explore their impact on the surface compatibility, mechanical properties and the final anisotropic thermal conductivity of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites fabricated by FDM printing. The results show that the surface-functionalized OH-BN fillers are homogeneously dispersed in the TPU matrix via hydrogen bonding interactions, which improve the interfacial adhesion between the filler and matrix. For the same concentration of loaded filler, the OH-BN/TPU composites exhibit better mechanical properties and thermal conductivities than composites incorporating non-modified h-BN. These composites also show higher heat conduction along the stand-vertical direction, while simultaneously exhibiting a low dielectric constant and dielectric loss. This work therefore provides a possible strategy for the fabrication of thermal management polymers using 3D-printing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Han Su
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Cherng-Yuh Su
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Additive Manufacturing Center for Mass Customization Production, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Shih
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ting Lee
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo H, Niu H, Zhao H, Kang L, Ren Y, Lv R, Ren L, Maqbool M, Bashir A, Bai S. Highly Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Three-Dimensional Printed Boron Nitride-Filled Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites: Effects of Size, Orientation, Viscosity, and Voids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14568-14578. [PMID: 35302747 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques usually exhibit anisotropic thermal, mechanical, and electric properties due to the shearing-induced alignment during extrusion. However, the transformation from the extrusion to stacking process is always neglected and its influence on the final properties remains ambiguous. In this work, we adopt two different sized boron nitride (BN) sheets, namely, small-sized BN (S-BN) and large-sized BN (L-BN), to explore their impact on the orientation degree, morphology, and final anisotropic thermal conductivity (TC) of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites by fused deposition modeling. The transformation from one-dimensional axial alignment in the extruded filament to two-dimensional alignment (horizontal and vertical alignment) in the stacking filament of BN sheets is observed, and its impact on anisotropic TC in three directions is clarified. It is found that L-BN/TPU composites show a high TC of 6.45 W m-1 K-1 at 60 wt % BN content along the printing direction, while at a lower content (<40 wt %), S-BN/TPU composites exhibit a higher TC than L-BN/TPU composites. Effects of orientation, viscosity, and voids are comprehensively considered to elucidate such differences. Finally, heat dissipation tests demonstrate the great potential of 3D printed BN/TPU composites to be used in thermal management applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haichang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongyu Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haoyuan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjuan Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruicong Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liucheng Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muhammad Maqbool
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Akbar Bashir
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shulin Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Influence of Mouthwash Rinsing on the Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Ligature Ties Used for Dental Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142236. [PMID: 34300994 PMCID: PMC8309248 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouthwashes are used during dental treatments to mitigate the complications caused by poor oral hygiene. However, these solutions also affect the properties of dental appliances, including those used in orthodontics. This point has been investigated in this study focusing on the changes in mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties. Commercial ties from four brands were characterized in terms of their maximum forces and displacement, delivery forces, molecular structures, and microscopic morphology. These properties were compared against the ties, which were rinsed with commercial mouthwashes from three manufacturers. The results showed that mouthwash rinsing significantly reduced the maximum bearable forces of ligature ties by up to 73.1%, whereas the reduction in their maximum displacement was up to 74.5% across all tested brands. Significant changes in microscopic morphology of ligature ties were observed after mouthwash rinsing, but not their molecular structure. Furthermore, mouthwash rinsing also reduced the delivery forces from ligature ties by between 20.9 and 32.9% at their first deformation cycle. It can be concluded from this study that mouthwashes have significant impact on the mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties and could also potentially affect the overall efficacy of orthodontic and other dental treatments.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu K, Yuan T, Zhang S, Bao C. Hypergravity-Induced Accumulation: A New, Efficient, and Simple Strategy to Improve the Thermal Conductivity of Boron Nitride Filled Polymer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:459. [PMID: 33572667 PMCID: PMC7866976 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal conductive polymer composites (filled type) consisting of thermal conductive fillers and a polymer matrix have been widely used in a range of areas. More than 10 strategies have been developed to improve the thermal conductivity of polymer composites. Here we report a new "hypergravity accumulation" strategy. Raw material mixtures of boron nitride/silicone rubber composites were treated in hypergravity fields (800-20,000 g, relative gravity acceleration) before heat-curing. A series of comparison studies were made. It was found that hypergravity treatments could efficiently improve the microstructures and thermal conductivity of the composites. When the hypergravity was about 20,000 g (relative gravity acceleration), the obtained spherical boron nitride/silicone rubber composites had highly compacted microstructures and high and isotropic thermal conductivity. The highest thermal conductivity reached 4.0 W/mK. Thermal interface application study showed that the composites could help to decrease the temperature on a light-emitting diode (LED) chip by 5 °C. The mechanism of the improved microstructure increased thermal conductivity, and the high viscosity problem in the preparation of boron nitride/silicone rubber composites, and the advantages and disadvantages of the hypergravity accumulation strategy, were discussed. Overall, this work has provided a new, efficient, and simple strategy to improve the thermal conductivity of boron nitride/silicone rubber and other polymer composites (filled type).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, 399 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, China; (K.Y.); (T.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, 399 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, China; (K.Y.); (T.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Songdi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, 399 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, China; (K.Y.); (T.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Chenlu Bao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, 399 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, China; (K.Y.); (T.Y.); (S.Z.)
- Tianjin HaiTe Thermal Management Technology Co., Ltd., 6 Huake 8 Road, Tianjin 300450, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Generation of Self-Assembled 3D Network in TPU by Insertion of Al 2O 3/ h-BN Hybrid for Thermal Conductivity Enhancement. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020238. [PMID: 33418935 PMCID: PMC7825067 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermal management has become one of the crucial factors in designing electronic equipment and therefore creating composites with high thermal conductivity is necessary. In this work, a new insight on hybrid filler strategy is proposed to enhance the thermal conductivity in Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). Firstly, spherical aluminium oxide/hexagonal boron nitride (ABN) functional hybrid fillers are synthesized by the spray drying process. Then, ABN/TPU thermally conductive composite material is produced by melt mixing and hot pressing. Then, ABN/TPU thermally conductive composite material is produced by melt mixing and hot pressing. Our results demonstrate that the incorporation of spherical hybrid ABN filler assists in the formation of a three-dimensional continuous heat conduction structure that enhances the thermal conductivity of the neat thermoplastic TPU matrix. Hence, we present a valuable method for preparing the thermal interface materials (TIMs) with high thermal conductivity, and this method can also be applied to large-scale manufacturing.
Collapse
|
11
|
Functionalized carbon nanotubes based thermo-responsive shape memory blends with enhanced mechanical properties for potential robotics applications. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-020-00874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|