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Cometa S, Busto F, Scalia AC, Castellaneta A, Gentile P, Cochis A, Manfredi M, Borrini V, Rimondini L, De Giglio E. Effectiveness of gellan gum scaffolds loaded with Boswellia serrata extract for in-situ modulation of pro-inflammatory pathways affecting cartilage healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134079. [PMID: 39038574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a composite hydrogel based on Gellan gum containing Boswellia serrata extract (BSE). BSE was either incorporated directly or loaded into an MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) clay to create a multifunctional cartilage substitute. This composite was designed to provide anti-inflammatory properties while enhancing chondrogenesis. Additionally, LDH was exploited to facilitate the loading of hydrophobic BSE components and to improve the hydrogel's mechanical properties. A calcination process was also adopted on LDH to increase BSE loading. Physicochemical and mechanical characterizations were performed by spectroscopic (XPS and FTIR), thermogravimetric, rheological, compression test, weight loss and morphological (SEM) investigations. RPLC-ESI-FTMS was employed to investigate the boswellic acids release in simulated synovial fluid. The composites were cytocompatible and capable of supporting the mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) growth in a 3D-conformation. Loading BSE resulted in the modulation of the pro-inflammatory cascade by down-regulating COX2, PGE2 and IL1β. Chondrogenesis studies demonstrated an enhanced differentiation, leading to the up-regulation of COL 2 and ACAN. This effect was attributed to the efficacy of BSE in reducing the inflammation through PGE2 down-regulation and IL10 up-regulation. Proteomics studies confirmed gene expression findings by revealing an anti-inflammatory protein signature during chondrogenesis of the cells cultivated onto loaded specimens. Concluding, BSE-loaded composites hold promise as a tool for the in-situ modulation of the inflammatory cascade while preserving cartilage healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Busto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessandro C Scalia
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Andrea Castellaneta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- Newcastle University, School of Engineering, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Borrini
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
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Imere A, Foster NC, Hajiali H, Okur KE, Wright AL, Barroso IA, Haj AJE. Enhanced chondrogenic potential in GelMA-based 3D cartilage model via Wnt3a surface immobilization. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15022. [PMID: 38951570 PMCID: PMC11217376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering aims to develop functional substitutes for treating cartilage defects and osteoarthritis. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems lack the complexity of native cartilage, leading to the development of 3D regenerative cartilage models. In this study, we developed a 3D model using Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)-based hydrogels seeded with Y201 cells, a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell line. The model investigated chondrogenic differentiation potential in response to Wnt3a stimulation within the GelMA scaffold and validated using known chondrogenic agonists. Y201 cells demonstrated suitability for the model, with increased proteoglycan content and upregulated chondrogenic marker expression under chondrogenic conditions. Wnt3a enhanced cell proliferation, indicating activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which plays a role in cartilage development. GelMA hydrogels provided an optimal scaffold, supporting cell viability and proliferation. The 3D model exhibited consistent responses to chondrogenic agonists, with TGF-β3 enhancing cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) production and chondrogenic differentiation. The combination of Wnt3a and TGF-β3 showed synergistic effects, promoting chondrogenic differentiation and ECM production. This study presents a 3D regenerative cartilage model with potential for investigating cartilage biology, disease mechanisms, and drug screening. The model provides insights into complex cartilage regeneration mechanisms and offers a platform for developing therapeutic approaches for cartilage repair and osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Imere
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nicola C Foster
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hadi Hajiali
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Kerime Ebrar Okur
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Abigail L Wright
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ines A Barroso
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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3
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Bobu E, Saszet K, Tóth ZR, Páll E, Gyulavári T, Baia L, Magyari K, Baia M. TiO 2-Alginate-Chitosan-Based Composites for Skin Tissue Engineering Applications. Gels 2024; 10:358. [PMID: 38920905 PMCID: PMC11203036 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The UV-B component of sunlight damages the DNA in skin cells, which can lead to skin cancer and premature aging. Therefore, it is necessary to use creams that also contain UV-active substances. Many sunscreens contain titanium dioxide due to its capacity to absorb UV-B wavelengths. In the present study, titan dioxide was introduced in alginate and chitosan-alginate hydrogel composites that are often involved as scaffold compositions in tissue engineering applications. Alginate and chitosan were chosen due to their important role in skin regeneration and skin protection. The composites were cross-linked with calcium ions and investigated using FT-IR, Raman, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The stability of the obtained samples under solar irradiation for skin protection and regeneration was analyzed. Then, the hydrogel composites were assayed in vitro by immersing them in simulated body fluid and exposing them to solar simulator radiation for 10 min. The samples were found to be stable under solar light, and a thin apatite layer covered the surface of the sample with the two biopolymers and titanium dioxide. The in vitro cell viability assay suggested that the anatase phase in alginate and chitosan-alginate hydrogel composites have a positive impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bobu
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.B.); (K.S.); (Z.-R.T.)
| | - Kata Saszet
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.B.); (K.S.); (Z.-R.T.)
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zsejke-Réka Tóth
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.B.); (K.S.); (Z.-R.T.)
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Emőke Páll
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Tamás Gyulavári
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. sqr. 1., 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Lucian Baia
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Klara Magyari
- Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Treboniu Laurian 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- INSPIRE Research Platform InfoBioNano4Health & Biomedical Imaging, Babeș Bolyai University, Arany Janos 11, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Baia
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Lee J, Lee E, Huh SJ, Kang JI, Park KM, Byun H, Lee S, Kim E, Shin H. Composite Spheroid-Laden Bilayer Hydrogel for Engineering Three-Dimensional Osteochondral Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:225-243. [PMID: 38062771 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A combination of hydrogels and stem cell spheroids has been used to engineer three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue, but precise zonal control directing cell fate within the hydrogel remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a composite spheroid-laden bilayer hydrogel to imitate osteochondral tissue by spatially controlled differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Meticulous optimization of the spheroid-size and mechanical strength of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel enables the cells to homogeneously sprout within the hydrogel. Moreover, fibers immobilizing transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) or bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were incorporated within the spheroids, which induced chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation of cells in general media, respectively. The spheroids-filled GelMA solution was crosslinked to create the bilayer hydrogel, which demonstrated a strong interfacial adhesion between the two layers. The cell sprouting enhanced the adhesion of each hydrogel, demonstrated by increase in tensile strength from 4.8 ± 0.4 to 6.9 ± 1.2 MPa after 14 days of culture. Importantly, the spatially confined delivery of BMP-2 within the spheroids increased mineral deposition and more than threefold enhanced osteogenic genes of cells in the bone layer while the cells induced by TGF-β1 signals were apparently differentiated into chondrocytes within the cartilage layer. The results suggest that our composite spheroid-laden hydrogel could be used for the biofabrication of osteochondral tissue, which can be applied to engineer other complex tissues by delivery of appropriate biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon Il Kang
- Department of Bioengineering and Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Park
- Department of Bioengineering and Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeon Byun
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhyung Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Asadian M, Tomasina C, Onyshchenko Y, Chan KV, Norouzi M, Zonderland J, Camarero-Espinosa S, Morent R, De Geyter N, Moroni L. The role of plasma-induced surface chemistry on polycaprolactone nanofibers to direct chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:210-230. [PMID: 37706337 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are extensively being utilized for cartilage regeneration owing to their excellent differentiation potential and availability. However, controlled differentiation of BMSCs towards cartilaginous phenotypes to heal full-thickness cartilage defects remains challenging. This study investigates how different surface properties induced by either coating deposition or biomolecules immobilization onto nanofibers (NFs) could affect BMSCs chondro-inductive behavior. Accordingly, electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) NFs were exposed to two surface modification strategies based on medium-pressure plasma technology. The first strategy is plasma polymerization, in which cyclopropylamine (CPA) or acrylic acid (AcAc) monomers were plasma polymerized to obtain amine- or carboxylic acid-rich NFs, respectively. The second strategy uses a combination of CPA plasma polymerization and a post-chemical technique to immobilize chondroitin sulfate (CS) onto the NFs. These modifications could affect surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and chemical composition while preserving the NFs' nano-morphology. The results of long-term BMSCs culture in both basic and chondrogenic media proved that the surface modifications modulated BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation. Indeed, the incorporation of polar groups by different modification strategies had a positive impact on the cell proliferation rate, production of the glycosaminoglycan matrix, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins (collagen I and collagen II). The chondro-inductive behavior of the samples was highly dependent on the nature of the introduced polar functional groups. Among all samples, carboxylic acid-rich NFs promoted chondrogenesis by higher expression of aggrecan, Sox9, and collagen II with downregulation of hypertrophic markers. Hence, this approach showed an intrinsic potential to have a non-hypertrophic chondrogenic cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Asadian
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Department of Materials Science, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Clarissa Tomasina
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliia Onyshchenko
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ke Vin Chan
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Norouzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jip Zonderland
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Camarero-Espinosa
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Pl. 5, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Yang X, Li M, Yip RCS, Li Y, Chen H. Current application and modification strategy of marine polysaccharides in tissue regeneration: A review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213580. [PMID: 37634336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides (MPs) are exceptional bioactive materials that possess unique biochemical mechanisms and pharmacological stability, making them ideal for various tissue engineering applications. Certain MPs, including agarose, alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, and glucan have been successfully employed as biological scaffolds in animal studies. As carriers of signaling molecules, scaffolds can enhance the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of somatic cells, thereby significantly improving the tissue regeneration process. However, the biological benefits of pure MPs composite scaffold are limited. Therefore, physical, chemical, enzyme modification and other methods are employed to expand its efficacy. Chemically, the structural properties of MPs scaffolds can be altered through modifications to functional groups or molecular weight reduction, thereby enhancing their biological activities. Physically, MPs hydrogels and sponges emulate the natural extracellular matrix, creating a more conducive environment for tissue repair. The porosity and high permeability of MPs membranes and nanomaterials expedite wound healing. This review explores the distinctive properties and applications of select MPs in tissue regeneration, highlighting their structural versatility and biological applicability. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of common modification strategies employed for MP scaffolds. In conclusion, MPs have significant potential and are expected to be a novel regenerative material for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Man Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Suryadevara V, Hajipour MJ, Adams LC, Aissaoui NM, Rashidi A, Kiru L, Theruvath AJ, Huang C, Maruyama M, Tsubosaka M, Lyons JK, Wu W(E, Roudi R, Goodman SB, Daldrup‐Link HE. MegaPro, a clinically translatable nanoparticle for in vivo tracking of stem cell implants in pig cartilage defects. Theranostics 2023; 13:2710-2720. [PMID: 37215574 PMCID: PMC10196837 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Efficient labeling methods for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tracking and understanding their behavior in regenerative medicine applications, particularly in cartilage defects. MegaPro nanoparticles have emerged as a potential alternative to ferumoxytol nanoparticles for this purpose. Methods: In this study, we employed mechanoporation to develop an efficient labeling method for MSCs using MegaPro nanoparticles and compared their effectiveness with ferumoxytol nanoparticles in tracking MSCs and chondrogenic pellets. Pig MSCs were labeled with both nanoparticles using a custom-made microfluidic device, and their characteristics were analyzed using various imaging and spectroscopy techniques. The viability and differentiation capacity of labeled MSCs were also assessed. Labeled MSCs and chondrogenic pellets were implanted into pig knee joints and monitored using MRI and histological analysis. Results: MegaPro-labeled MSCs demonstrated shorter T2 relaxation times, higher iron content, and greater nanoparticle uptake compared to ferumoxytol-labeled MSCs, without significantly affecting their viability and differentiation capacity. Post-implantation, MegaPro-labeled MSCs and chondrogenic pellets displayed a strong hypointense signal on MRI with considerably shorter T2* relaxation times compared to adjacent cartilage. The hypointense signal of both MegaPro- and ferumoxytol-labeled chondrogenic pellets decreased over time. Histological evaluations showed regenerated defect areas and proteoglycan formation with no significant differences between the labeled groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that mechanoporation with MegaPro nanoparticles enables efficient MSC labeling without affecting viability or differentiation. MegaPro-labeled cells show enhanced MRI tracking compared to ferumoxytol-labeled cells, emphasizing their potential in clinical stem cell therapies for cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyani Suryadevara
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Javad Hajipour
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa C. Adams
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nour Mary Aissaoui
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ali Rashidi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Louise Kiru
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ashok J. Theruvath
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ching‐Hsin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wei (Emma) Wu
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heike E. Daldrup‐Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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8
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Scalzone A, Cerqueni G, Wang XN, Ferreira-Duarte A, Dalgarno K, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Gentile P. An In Vitro Engineered Osteochondral Model as Tool to Study Osteoarthritis Environment. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202030. [PMID: 36300892 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint degenerative pathology characterized by mechanical and inflammatory damages affecting synovium, articular cartilage (AC), and subchondral bone (SB). Several in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models are developed to study OA, but to date the identification of specific pharmacological targets seems to be hindered by the lack of models with predictive capabilities. This study reports the development of a biomimetic in vitro model of AC and SB interface. Gellan gum methacrylated and chondroitin sulfate/dopamine hydrogels are used for the AC portion, whereas polylactic acid functionalized with gelatin and nanohydroxyapatite for the SB. The physiological behavior of immortalized stem cells (Y201s) and Y201s differentiated in chondrocytes (Y201-Cs), respectively, for the SB and AC, is demonstrated over 21 days of culture in vitro in healthy and pathological conditions, whilst modeling the onset of cytokines-induced OA. The key metrics are: lower glycosaminoglycans production and increased calcification given by a higher Collagen X content, in the AC deep layer; higher expression of pro-angiogenic factor (vegf) and decreased expression of osteogenic markers (coll1, spp1, runx2) in the SB. This novel approach provides a new tool for studying the development and progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Xiao-Nong Wang
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Ana Ferreira-Duarte
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Tahmasbpour Marzouni E, Stern C, Henrik Sinclair A, Tucker EJ. Stem Cells and Organs-on-chips: New Promising Technologies for Human Infertility Treatment. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:878-906. [PMID: 34967858 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Having biological children remains an unattainable dream for most couples with reproductive failure or gonadal dysgenesis. The combination of stem cells with gene editing technology and organ-on-a-chip models provides a unique opportunity for infertile patients with impaired gametogenesis caused by congenital disorders in sex development or cancer survivors. But how will these technologies overcome human infertility? This review discusses the regenerative mechanisms, applications, and advantages of different types of stem cells for restoring gametogenesis in infertile patients, as well as major challenges that must be overcome before clinical application. The importance and limitations of in vitro generation of gametes from patient-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) will be discussed in the context of human reproduction. The potential role of organ-on-a-chip models that can direct differentiation of hiPSC-derived primordial germ cell-like cells to gametes and other reproductive organoids is also explored. These rapidly evolving technologies provide prospects for improving fertility to individuals and couples who experience reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisa Tahmasbpour Marzouni
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Catharyn Stern
- Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville and Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Henrik Sinclair
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elena Jane Tucker
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Wong CW, Han HW, Hsu SH. Changes of cell membrane fluidity for mesenchymal stem cell spheroids on biomaterial surfaces. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:616-632. [PMID: 36157913 PMCID: PMC9453270 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i8.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the form of three-dimensional spheroids has been extensively demonstrated. The underlying mechanisms for the altered cellular behavior of spheroids have also been investigated. Cell membrane fluidity is a critically important physical property for the regulation of cell behavior, but it has not been studied for the spheroid-forming cells to date.
AIM To explore the association between cell membrane fluidity and the morphological changes of MSC spheroids on the surface of biomaterials to elucidate the role of membrane fluidity during the spheroid-forming process of MSCs.
METHODS We generated three-dimensional (3D) MSC spheroids on the surface of various culture substrates including chitosan (CS), CS-hyaluronan (CS-HA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) substrates. The cell membrane fluidity and cell morphological change were examined by a time-lapse recording system as well as a high-resolution 3D cellular image explorer. MSCs and normal/cancer cells were pre-stained with fluorescent dyes and co-cultured on the biomaterials to investigate the exchange of cell membrane during the formation of heterogeneous cellular spheroids.
RESULTS We discovered that vesicle-like bubbles randomly appeared on the outer layer of MSC spheroids cultured on different biomaterial surfaces. The average diameter of the vesicle-like bubbles of MSC spheroids on CS-HA at 37 °C was approximately 10 μm, smaller than that on PVA substrates (approximately 27 μm). Based on time-lapse images, these unique bubbles originated from the dynamic movement of the cell membrane during spheroid formation, which indicated an increment of membrane fluidity for MSCs cultured on these substrates. Moreover, the membrane interaction in two different types of cells with similar membrane fluidity may further induce a higher level of membrane translocation during the formation of heterogeneous spheroids.
CONCLUSION Changes in cell membrane fluidity may be a novel path to elucidate the complicated physiological alterations in 3D spheroid-forming cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Wei Wong
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Han
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University, Research and Development Center for Medical Devices, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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11
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The Critical Role of Hypoxia in the Re-Differentiation of Human Articular Chondrocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162553. [PMID: 36010629 PMCID: PMC9406483 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of the chondrogenic phenotype and hypoxia-related physiological microenvironment are major challenges in the 2D culture of primary human chondrocytes. To address this problem, we develop a 3D culture system generating scaffold-free spheroids from human chondrocytes. Our results highlight the chondrogenic potential of cultured human articular chondrocytes in a 3D system combined with hypoxia independently of the cartilage source. After 14 days of culture, we developed spheroids with homogenous diameter and shape from hyaline cartilage donors. Spheroids generated in hypoxia showed a significantly increased glycosaminoglycans synthesis and up-regulated the expression of SOX9, ACAN, COL2A1, COMP, and SNAI1 compared to those obtained under normoxic conditions. Therefore, we conclude that spheroids developed under hypoxic conditions modulate the expression of chondrogenesis-related genes and native tissue features better than 2D cultures. Thus, this scaffold-free 3D culture system represents a novel in vitro model that can be used for cartilage biology research.
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12
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Rahman G, Frazier TP, Gimble JM, Mohiuddin OA. The Emerging Use of ASC/Scaffold Composites for the Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:893992. [PMID: 35845419 PMCID: PMC9280640 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.893992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is composed of chondrocytes surrounded by a porous permeable extracellular matrix. It has a limited spontaneous healing capability post-injury which, if left untreated, can result in severe osteochondral disease. Currently, osteochondral (OC) defects are treated by bone marrow stimulation, artificial joint replacement, or transplantation of bone, cartilage, and periosteum, while autologous osteochondral transplantation is also an option; it carries the risk of donor site damage and is limited only to the treatment of small defects. Allografts may be used for larger defects; however, they have the potential to elicit an immune response. A possible alternative solution to treat osteochondral diseases involves the use of stromal/stem cells. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) can differentiate into cartilage and bone cells. The ASC can be combined with both natural and synthetic scaffolds to support cell delivery, growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Combinations of both types of scaffolds along with ASCs and/or growth factors have shown promising results for the treatment of OC defects based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. Indeed, these findings have translated to several active clinical trials testing the use of ASC-scaffold composites on human subjects. The current review critically examines the literature describing ASC-scaffold composites as a potential alternative to conventional therapies for OC tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Rahman
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Omair A. Mohiuddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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13
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Qazi TH, Blatchley MR, Davidson MD, Yavitt FM, Cooke ME, Anseth KS, Burdick JA. Programming hydrogels to probe spatiotemporal cell biology. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:678-691. [PMID: 35413278 PMCID: PMC9081204 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recapitulation of complex microenvironments that regulate cell behavior during development, disease, and wound healing is key to understanding fundamental biological processes. In vitro, multicellular morphogenesis, organoid maturation, and disease modeling have traditionally been studied using either non-physiological 2D substrates or 3D biological matrices, neither of which replicate the spatiotemporal biochemical and biophysical complexity of biology. Here, we provide a guided overview of the recent advances in the programming of synthetic hydrogels that offer precise control over the spatiotemporal properties within cellular microenvironments, such as advances in the control of cell-driven remodeling, bioprinting, or user-defined manipulation of properties (e.g., via light irradiation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael R Blatchley
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Matthew D Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - F Max Yavitt
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Megan E Cooke
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
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14
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Fang F, Linstadt RTH, Genin GM, Ahn K, Thomopoulos S. Mechanically Competent Chitosan-Based Bioadhesive for Tendon-to-Bone Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102344. [PMID: 35026059 PMCID: PMC9117437 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current suture-based surgical techniques used to repair torn rotator cuff tendons do not result in mechanically competent tendon-to-bone attachments, leading to high postoperative failure rates. Although adhesives have been proposed to protect against sutures tearing through tendon during healing, no currently available adhesive meets the clinical needs of adhesive strength, biocompatibility, and promotion of healing. Here, a biocompatible, graded, 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl chitosan (BGC) bioadhesive designed to meet these needs is presented. Although 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl chitosan (DP-chitosan) bioadhesives are biocompatible, their adhesion strength is low; soluble oxidants or cross-linking agents can be added for higher bonding strength, but this sacrifices biocompatibility. These challenges are overcome by developing a periodate-modified ion exchange resin-bead filtration system that oxidizes catechol moieties to quinones and filters off the activating agent and resin. The resulting BGC bioadhesive exhibited sixfold higher strength compared to commercially available tissue adhesives, with strength in the range necessary to improve tendon-to-bone repair (≈1MPa, ≈20% of current suture repair strength). The bioadhesive is biocompatible and promoted tenogenesis; cells exposed to the bioadhesive demonstrated enhanced expression of collagen I and the tenogenic marker Scx. Results demonstrated that the bioadhesive has the potential to improve the strength of a tendon-to-bone repair and promote healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Guy M. Genin
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kollbe Ahn
- ACatechol, Inc., Pasadena, CA 91107, USA
| | - Stavros Thomopoulos
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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15
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Scalzone A, Cerqueni G, Bonifacio MA, Pistillo M, Cometa S, Belmonte MM, Wang XN, Dalgarno K, Ferreira AM, De Giglio E, Gentile P. Valuable effect of Manuka Honey in increasing the printability and chondrogenic potential of a naturally derived bioink. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100287. [PMID: 35647514 PMCID: PMC9130107 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based bioinks are the main formulations used for Articular Cartilage (AC) regeneration due to their similarity to chondral tissue in terms of morphological and mechanical properties. However, the main challenge is to design and formulate bioinks able to allow reproducible additive manufacturing and fulfil the biological needs for the required tissue. In our work, we investigated an innovative Manuka honey (MH)-loaded photocurable gellan gum methacrylated (GGMA) bioink, encapsulating mesenchymal stem cells differentiated in chondrocytes (MSCs-C), to generate 3D bioprinted construct for AC studies. We demonstrated the beneficial effect of MH incorporation on the bioink printability, leading to the obtainment of a more homogenous filament extrusion and therefore a better printing resolution. Also, GGMA-MH formulation showed higher viscoelastic properties, presenting complex modulus G∗ values of ∼1042 Pa, compared to ∼730 Pa of GGMA. Finally, MH-enriched bioink induced a higher expression of chondrogenic markers col2a1 (14-fold), sox9 (3-fold) and acan (4-fold) and AC ECM main element production (proteoglycans and collagen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria A. Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Pistillo
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Monica Mattioli Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Xiao N. Wang
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M. Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
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16
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Recent Biomimetic Approaches for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Their Clinical Applications: Narrative Review of the Literature. Adv Orthop 2022; 2022:8670174. [PMID: 35497390 PMCID: PMC9054483 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8670174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since articular cartilage is lacking blood vessels and nerves, its capacity to heal is extremely limited. This means that ruptured cartilage affects the joint as a whole. A health issue known as osteoarthritis can develop as a result of injury and deterioration. Osteoarthritis development can be speeded up by the widespread deterioration of articular cartilage, which ranks third on the list of musculoskeletal disorders requiring rehabilitation, behind only low back pain and broken bones. The current treatments for cartilage repair are ineffective and rarely restore full function or tissue normalcy. A promising new technology in tissue engineering may help create functional cartilage tissue substitutes. Ensuring that the cell source is loaded with bioactive molecules that promote cellular differentiation and/or maturation is the general approach. This review summarizes recent advances in cartilage tissue engineering, and recent clinical trials have been conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent research developments and clinical applications in the framework of degenerated articular cartilage and osteoarthritis.
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17
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Kasamkattil J, Gryadunova A, Martin I, Barbero A, Schären S, Krupkova O, Mehrkens A. Spheroid-Based Tissue Engineering Strategies for Regeneration of the Intervertebral Disc. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2530. [PMID: 35269672 PMCID: PMC8910276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease, a painful pathology of the intervertebral disc (IVD), often causes disability and reduces quality of life. Although regenerative cell-based strategies have shown promise in clinical trials, none have been widely adopted clinically. Recent developments demonstrated that spheroid-based approaches might help overcome challenges associated with cell-based IVD therapies. Spheroids are three-dimensional multicellular aggregates with architecture that enables the cells to differentiate and synthesize endogenous ECM, promotes cell-ECM interactions, enhances adhesion, and protects cells from harsh conditions. Spheroids could be applied in the IVD both in scaffold-free and scaffold-based configurations, possibly providing advantages over cell suspensions. This review highlights areas of future research in spheroid-based regeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). We also discuss cell sources and methods for spheroid fabrication and characterization, mechanisms related to spheroid fusion, as well as enhancement of spheroid performance in the context of the IVD microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesil Kasamkattil
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (J.K.); (A.G.); (S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Gryadunova
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (J.K.); (A.G.); (S.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (I.M.); (A.B.)
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (I.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (I.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefan Schären
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (J.K.); (A.G.); (S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Olga Krupkova
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (J.K.); (A.G.); (S.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (I.M.); (A.B.)
- Lepage Research Institute, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 081 16 Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Arne Mehrkens
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (J.K.); (A.G.); (S.S.); (A.M.)
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18
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Oliveira AS, Silva JC, Figueiredo L, Ferreira FC, Kotov NA, Colaço R, Serro AP. High-performance bilayer composites for the replacement of osteochondral defects. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5856-5875. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Two novel bilayer constructs for the repair of osteochondral defects were developed from nanofibers and ceramic particles embedded into PVA matrices, exhibiting multiple promising properties similar to those of corresponding natural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. C. Silva
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Politécnico de Leiria, Rua de Portugal – Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB – Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. Figueiredo
- Bioceramed S.A., Rua José Gomes Ferreira 1 Arm. D, 2660-360 São Julião do Tojal, Portugal
| | - F. C. Ferreira
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB – Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - N. A. Kotov
- Biointerfaces Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - R. Colaço
- Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. P. Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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19
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Daou F, Cochis A, Leigheb M, Rimondini L. Current Advances in the Regeneration of Degenerated Articular Cartilage: A Literature Review on Tissue Engineering and Its Recent Clinical Translation. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010031. [PMID: 35009175 PMCID: PMC8745794 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Functional ability is the basis of healthy aging. Articular cartilage degeneration is amongst the most prevalent degenerative conditions that cause adverse impacts on the quality of life; moreover, it represents a key predisposing factor to osteoarthritis (OA). Both the poor capacity of articular cartilage for self-repair and the unsatisfactory outcomes of available clinical interventions make innovative tissue engineering a promising therapeutic strategy for articular cartilage repair. Significant progress was made in this field; however, a marked heterogeneity in the applied biomaterials, biofabrication, and assessments is nowadays evident by the huge number of research studies published to date. Accordingly, this literature review assimilates the most recent advances in cell-based and cell-free tissue engineering of articular cartilage and also focuses on the assessments performed via various in vitro studies, ex vivo models, preclinical in vivo animal models, and clinical studies in order to provide a broad overview of the latest findings and clinical translation in the context of degenerated articular cartilage and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Daou
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimiliano Leigheb
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0321-660-673
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20
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González Vázquez AG, Blokpoel Ferreras LA, Bennett KE, Casey SM, Brama PAJ, O'Brien FJ. Systematic Comparison of Biomaterials-Based Strategies for Osteochondral and Chondral Repair in Large Animal Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100878. [PMID: 34405587 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Joint repair remains a major challenge in orthopaedics. Recent progress in biomaterial design has led to the fabrication of a plethora of promising devices. Pre-clinical testing of any joint repair strategy typically requires the use of large animal models (e.g., sheep, goat, pig or horse). Despite the key role of such models in clinical translation, there is still a lack of consensus regarding optimal experimental design, making it difficult to draw conclusions on their efficacy. In this context, the authors performed a systematic literature review and a risk of bias assessment on large animal models published between 2010 and 2020, to identify key experimental parameters that significantly affect the biomaterial therapeutic outcome and clinical translation potential (including defect localization, animal age/maturity, selection of controls, cell-free versus cell-laden). They determined that mechanically strong biomaterials perform better at the femoral condyles; while highlighted the importance of including native tissue controls to better evaluate the quality of the newly formed tissue. Finally, in cell-laded biomaterials, the pre-culture conditions played a more important role in defect repair than the cell type. In summary, here they present a systematic evaluation on how the experimental design of preclinical models influences biomaterial-based therapeutic outcomes in joint repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlyng G. González Vázquez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | - Lia A. Blokpoel Ferreras
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | | | - Sarah M. Casey
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | - Pieter AJ Brama
- School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin (UCD) Dublin 4 D04 V1W8 Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) Dublin 2 D02 YN77 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER) RCSI and TCD Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin (TCD) Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
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21
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Scalzone A, Wang XN, Dalgarno K, Ferreira AM, Gentile P. A Chondrosphere-Based Scaffold Free Approach to Manufacture an In Vitro Articular Cartilage Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:84-93. [PMID: 34114497 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro engineering of human articular cartilage (AC) is a regenerative medicine challenge. The main objective of this study was the development of a repeatable scaffold-free in vitro model of chondrocyte spheroid-based treatments of cartilage defects, to allow for systematic study and further optimization of this type of treatment. Human articular chondrocytes (HC) and immortalized mesenchymal cells differentiated in chondrocytes (Y201-Cs) were cultured in round-bottom 96-well plates to produce multicellular spheroids and their growth kinetics, and viability was evaluated over 7 days of culture. Then, the spheroids were assembled and cultured for 21 days on a gelatin-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) electrospun membrane (10 spheroids/cm2), following a protocol in line with the clinically approved Chondrosphere® (CO.DON AG) technique. Both HC and Y201-C cells formed compact and viable spheroids after 7 days of culture with a reduction of diameter over the 7 days from 1300 ± 150 μm to 600 ± 90 μm and from 1250 ± 60 μm to 800 ± 20 μm for HC and Y201-C, respectively. When the spheroids were transferred onto the support membrane, these adhered on the membrane itself and fused themselves, producing collagen type II (COL2A1) and aggrecan (ACAN), according to gene expression and glycosaminoglycans quantification analyses. We detected higher expression of COL2A1 in HC cells, while the Y201-C constructs were characterized by an increased ACAN expression. The approach we presented allows a standardizable production of spheroids with predictable geometry and the creation of a reproducible scaffold-free in vitro AC-like construct showing high expression of chondrogenic markers, using both HC and Y201-C. In addition, the bankable Y201-C cells provide an effective base model for experimentation with the spheroid approach to further enhance the process. Impact statement This is first work on the development of a repeatable scaffold-free in vitro model based on an optimized protocol in line with a recent clinically approved Chondrosphere® (CO.DON AG) technique. In addition, we demonstrated that a bankable cell type (Y201-C) could produce an engineered cartilage-like construct, giving a repeatable model as a key tool for experimentation of therapeutic treatment ahead of studies with heterogeneous cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering and Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao N Wang
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering and Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- School of Engineering and Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering and Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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22
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Wang KY, Jin XY, Ma YH, Cai WJ, Xiao WY, Li ZW, Qi X, Ding J. Injectable stress relaxation gelatin-based hydrogels with positive surface charge for adsorption of aggrecan and facile cartilage tissue regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:214. [PMID: 34275471 PMCID: PMC8287687 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cartilage injury and pathological degeneration are reported in millions of patients globally. Cartilages such as articular hyaline cartilage are characterized by poor self-regeneration ability due to lack of vascular tissue. Current treatment methods adopt foreign cartilage analogue implants or microfracture surgery to accelerate tissue repair and regeneration. These methods are invasive and are associated with the formation of fibrocartilage, which warrants further exploration of new cartilage repair materials. The present study aims to develop an injectable modified gelatin hydrogel. Method The hydrogel effectively adsorbed proteoglycans secreted by chondrocytes adjacent to the cartilage tissue in situ, and rapidly formed suitable chondrocyte survival microenvironment modified by ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL). Besides, dynamic covalent bonds were introduced between glucose and phenylboronic acids (PBA). These bonds formed reversible covalent interactions between the cis−diol groups on polyols and the ionic boronate state of PBA. PBA-modified hydrogel induced significant stress relaxation, which improved chondrocyte viability and cartilage differentiation of stem cells. Further, we explored the ability of these hydrogels to promote chondrocyte viability and cartilage differentiation of stem cells through chemical and mechanical modifications. Results In vivo and in vitro results demonstrated that the hydrogels exhibited efficient biocompatibility. EPL and PBA modified GelMA hydrogel (Gel-EPL/B) showed stronger activity on chondrocytes compared to the GelMA control group. The Gel-EPL/B group induced the secretion of more extracellular matrix and improved the chondrogenic differentiation potential of stem cells. Finally, thus hydrogel promoted the tissue repair of cartilage defects. Conclusion Modified hydrogel is effective in cartilage tissue repair. ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00950-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, NO. 600, Yishan Rd, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yun Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, NO. 600, Yishan Rd, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jie Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, NO. 600, Yishan Rd, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yuan Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Li
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No.2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, NO. 600, Yishan Rd, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Ex vivo osteochondral test system with control over cartilage defect depth – A pilot study to investigate the effect of oxygen tension and chondrocyte based treatments in chondral and full thickness defects in an organ model. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2021; 3:100173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2021.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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24
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Brose TZ, Kubosch EJ, Schmal H, Stoddart MJ, Armiento AR. Crosstalk Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Chondrocytes: The Hidden Therapeutic Potential for Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1647-1665. [PMID: 33954877 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage injuries following trauma create a puzzling clinical scenario. The finite reparative potential of articular cartilage is well known, and injuries are associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Cell-based therapies have spotlighted chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as the functional unit of articular cartilage and the progenitor cells, respectively. The available clinical treatments cannot reproduce the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage and call for continuous investigations into alternative approaches. Co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs are an attractive in vitro system to step closer to the in vivo multicellular environment's complexity. Research on the mechanisms of interaction between both cell types will reveal essential cues to understand cartilage regeneration. This review describes the latest discoveries on these interactions, along with advantages and main challenges in vitro and in vivo. The successful clinical translation of in vitro studies requires establishing rigorous standards and clinically relevant research models and an organ-targeting therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Z Brose
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva J Kubosch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angela R Armiento
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
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25
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Liau LL, Hassan MNFB, Tang YL, Ng MH, Law JX. Feasibility of Human Platelet Lysate as an Alternative to Foetal Bovine Serum for In Vitro Expansion of Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031269. [PMID: 33525349 PMCID: PMC7865277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects a lot of people worldwide. Current treatment for OA mainly focuses on halting or slowing down the disease progress and to improve the patient’s quality of life and functionality. Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a new treatment modality with the potential to promote regeneration of worn cartilage. Traditionally, foetal bovine serum (FBS) is used to expand the chondrocytes. However, the use of FBS is not ideal for the expansion of cells mean for clinical applications as it possesses the risk of animal pathogen transmission and animal protein transfer to host. Human platelet lysate (HPL) appears to be a suitable alternative to FBS as it is rich in biological factors that enhance cell proliferation. Thus far, HPL has been found to be superior in promoting chondrocyte proliferation compared to FBS. However, both HPL and FBS cannot prevent chondrocyte dedifferentiation. Discrepant results have been reported for the maintenance of chondrocyte redifferentiation potential by HPL. These differences are likely due to the diversity in the HPL preparation methods. In the future, more studies on HPL need to be performed to develop a standardized technique which is capable of producing HPL that can maintain the chondrocyte redifferentiation potential reproducibly. This review discusses the in vitro expansion of chondrocytes with FBS and HPL, focusing on its capability to promote the proliferation and maintain the chondrogenic characteristics of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ling Liau
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Muhammad Najib Fathi bin Hassan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.N.F.b.H.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Yee Loong Tang
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.N.F.b.H.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.N.F.b.H.); (M.H.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9145-7677; Fax: +603-9145-7678
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26
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Davis S, Roldo M, Blunn G, Tozzi G, Roncada T. Influence of the Mechanical Environment on the Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:603408. [PMID: 33585430 PMCID: PMC7873466 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a highly specialised connective tissue of diarthrodial joints which provides a smooth, lubricated surface for joint articulation and plays a crucial role in the transmission of loads. In vivo cartilage is subjected to mechanical stimuli that are essential for cartilage development and the maintenance of a chondrocytic phenotype. Cartilage damage caused by traumatic injuries, ageing, or degradative diseases leads to impaired loading resistance and progressive degeneration of both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. Since the tissue has limited self-repairing capacity due its avascular nature, restoration of its mechanical properties is still a major challenge. Tissue engineering techniques have the potential to heal osteochondral defects using a combination of stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterials that could produce a biomechanically functional tissue, representative of native hyaline cartilage. However, current clinical approaches fail to repair full-thickness defects that include the underlying subchondral bone. Moreover, when tested in vivo, current tissue-engineered grafts show limited capacity to regenerate the damaged tissue due to poor integration with host cartilage and the failure to retain structural integrity after insertion, resulting in reduced mechanical function. The aim of this review is to examine the optimal characteristics of osteochondral scaffolds. Additionally, an overview on the latest biomaterials potentially able to replicate the natural mechanical environment of articular cartilage and their role in maintaining mechanical cues to drive chondrogenesis will be detailed, as well as the overall mechanical performance of grafts engineered using different technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Davis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Tosca Roncada
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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27
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Pati BA, Kurata WE, Horseman TS, Pierce LM. Antibiofilm activity of chitosan/epsilon-poly-L-lysine hydrogels in a porcine ex vivo skin wound polymicrobial biofilm model. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:316-326. [PMID: 33480137 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As antibiotic resistance continues to increase globally, there is an urgency for novel, non-antibiotic approaches to control chronic drug-resistant infections, particularly those associated with polymicrobial biofilm formation in chronic wounds. Also needed are clinically relevant polymicrobial biofilm models that can be utilized to assess the efficacy of innovative therapeutics against mature biofilms. We successfully developed a highly reproducible porcine ex vivo skin wound polymicrobial biofilm model using clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. This ex vivo biofilm model was then used to assess the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of an easily fabricated chitosan hydrogel incorporating the natural antimicrobial peptide epsilon-poly-L-lysine. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against planktonic cultures in vitro and against mature biofilms ex vivo. The antibiofilm efficiency of the hydrogels was especially pronounced against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whose counts were reduced by 99.98% after 2 hours in vitro and by 99.94% after treatment for 24 hours when applied to 24 hour ex vivo polymicrobial wound biofilms. The activity of the hydrogels was lower against Staphylococcus aureus and ineffective against Candida albicans. Gram, Hucker-Twort staining of paraffin sections revealed balanced polymicrobial communities in mature 48 hour untreated biofilms. Treatment of 48 or 72 hour biofilms for 2 or 3 days with hydrogels that were applied within 5 hours after inoculation resulted in an impressive 96% and 97% reduction in biofilm thickness compared to untreated biofilms, respectively (P < .001). Likewise, topical gel treatment for 24 hours reduced biofilm thickness by 84% and 70%, respectively, when applied to mature biofilms at 24 and 48 hours after inoculation (P < .001). Thus, this ex vivo wound biofilm model provides a useful means to assess the efficacy of novel treatments to prevent and eradicate polymicrobial biofilms consisting of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke A Pati
- Department of General Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Wendy E Kurata
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Timothy S Horseman
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Lisa M Pierce
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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28
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Bonifacio MA, Cochis A, Cometa S, Gentile P, Scalzone A, Scalia AC, Rimondini L, De Giglio E. From the sea to the bee: Gellan gum-honey-diatom composite to deliver resveratrol for cartilage regeneration under oxidative stress conditions. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 245:116410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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29
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Scalzone A, Bonifacio MA, Cometa S, Cucinotta F, De Giglio E, Ferreira AM, Gentile P. pH-Triggered Adhesiveness and Cohesiveness of Chondroitin Sulfate-Catechol Biopolymer for Biomedical Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:712. [PMID: 32695771 PMCID: PMC7336602 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature provides biomaterials that tend to be effective to control both their adhesive and cohesive properties. A catecholamine motif found in the marine mussels, the mytilus edulis foot protein, can play adhesiveness and cohesiveness. Particularly, acidic pH drives catechol (Cat) to have adhesive function, resulting in surface coating, while basic pH allows to enhance its cohesive properties, resulting in the formation of hydrogels. In this work, we demonstrated the usefulness of Cat-conjugated chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a platform for mesenchymal stem cell culture, utilizing the adhesive property of CS-Cat as coating for different substrates and the cohesive properties as hydrogel for cells encapsulation. To prepare the CS-Cat biopolymer, dopamine (DP) was coupled to the CS by carbodiimide coupling reaction and the Cat content was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy (4.8 ± 0.6%). To demonstrate the adhesive properties of the biopolymer, PLA, PCL, TiO2, and SiO2 substrates were immersed in CS-Cat solution (pH < 2). Following the coating, the surfaces became highly hydrophilic, exhibiting a contact angle less than 35°. Also, in the presence of an oxidizing agent at pH 8, CS-Cat solution immediately became a hydrogel, as shown by inverted-vial test. Finally, immortalized TERT human mesenchymal stem cells (Y201) confirmed the high cytocompatibility of the biopolymer. The CS-Cat coating significantly enabled the Y201 adhesion onto PLA substrates, while the prepared hydrogel demonstrated to be a suitable environment for the encapsulation of cells as suitable bioink for further bioprinting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Scalzone
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Fabio Cucinotta
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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30
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Najmi Z, Kumar A, Scalia AC, Cochis A, Obradovic B, Grassi FA, Leigheb M, Lamghari M, Loinaz I, Gracia R, Rimondini L. Evaluation of Nisin and LL-37 Antimicrobial Peptides as Tool to Preserve Articular Cartilage Healing in a Septic Environment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:561. [PMID: 32596225 PMCID: PMC7304409 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage repair still represents a challenge for clinicians and only few effective therapies are nowadays available. In fact, surgery is limited by the tissue poor self-healing capacity while the autologous transplantation is often forsaken due to the poor in vitro expansion capacity of chondrocytes. Biomaterials science offers a unique alternative based on the replacement of the injured tissue with an artificial tissue-mimicking scaffold. However, the implantation surgical practices and the scaffold itself can be a source of bacterial infection that currently represents the first reason of implants failure due to the increasing antibiotics resistance of pathogens. So, alternative antibacterial tools to prevent infections and consequent device removal are urgently required. In this work, the role of Nisin and LL-37 peptides has been investigated as alternative to antibiotics to their antimicrobial performances for direct application at the surgical site or as doping chemicals for devices aimed at articular cartilage repair. First, peptides cytocompatibility was investigated toward human mesenchymal stem cells to determine safe concentrations; then, the broad-range antibacterial activity was verified toward the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans pathogens. The peptides selective antibacterial activity was verified by a cells-bacteria co-culture assay, while chondrogenesis was assayed to exclude any interference within the differentiation route to simulate the tissue repair. In the next phase, the experiments were repeated by moving from the cell monolayer model to 3D cartilage-like spheroids to revisit the peptides activity in a more physiologically relevant environment model. Finally, the spheroid model was applied in a perfusion bioreactor to simulate an infection in the presence of circulating peptides within a physiological environment. Results suggested that 75 μg/ml Nisin can be considered as a very promising candidate since it was shown to be more cytocompatible and potent against the investigated bacteria than LL-37 in all the tested models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Najmi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro C Scalia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Bojana Obradovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Federico A Grassi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Leigheb
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iraida Loinaz
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Raquel Gracia
- CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Novara, Italy
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