1
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Gong H, Zhang P, Hu X, Zhang B. Integrated multiomic data analysis reveals the clinical significance of TXNIP and contributing to immune microenvironment in triple negative breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101808. [PMID: 37897832 PMCID: PMC10630669 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer with the worst clinical outcome. TNBC is not sensitive to typical endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), known as a tumor suppressor, is related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism. However, the clinical significance of TXNIP in TNBC and mechanism in immunity have not been fully reported. In this study, we found that the expression of TXNIP was downregulated obviously in TNBC tissues and negatively correlated with tumor grade by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry staining of 108 TNBC tissues. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we identified TXNIP as a tumor suppressor in TNBC. By bulk mRNA and scRNA analysis, we found that TXNIP could enhance immune response in TNBC and was a potential biomarker for cancer immunity and immunotherapy. We also performed the drug susceptibility analysis to reveal the therapeutic value of TXNIP. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that TXNIP was a tumor suppressor in TNBC and was involved in tumor malignancy progression. TXNIP was a potential biomarker for immunotherapy and promising molecular therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gong
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China; Molecular Biology Research Center and Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - PeiHe Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingming Hu
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- The 1st Department of Thoracic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 4100013, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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2
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Deng J, Pan T, Liu Z, McCarthy C, Vicencio JM, Cao L, Alfano G, Suwaidan AA, Yin M, Beatson R, Ng T. The role of TXNIP in cancer: a fine balance between redox, metabolic, and immunological tumor control. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1877-1892. [PMID: 37794178 PMCID: PMC10703902 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is commonly considered a master regulator of cellular oxidation, regulating the expression and function of Thioredoxin (Trx). Recent work has identified that TXNIP has a far wider range of additional roles: from regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, to cell cycle arrest and inflammation. Its expression is increased by stressors commonly found in neoplastic cells and the wider tumor microenvironment (TME), and, as such, TXNIP has been extensively studied in cancers. In this review, we evaluate the current literature regarding the regulation and the function of TXNIP, highlighting its emerging role in modulating signaling between different cell types within the TME. We then assess current and future translational opportunities and the associated challenges in this area. An improved understanding of the functions and mechanisms of TXNIP in cancers may enhance its suitability as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Pan
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Giovanna Alfano
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ali Abdulnabi Suwaidan
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne 9 Building, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, UK.
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3
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Kirchmair A, Nemati N, Lamberti G, Trefny M, Krogsdam A, Siller A, Hörtnagl P, Schumacher P, Sopper S, Sandbichler A, Zippelius A, Ghesquière B, Trajanoski Z. 13C tracer analysis reveals the landscape of metabolic checkpoints in human CD8 + T cell differentiation and exhaustion. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267816. [PMID: 37928527 PMCID: PMC10620935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Naïve T cells remain in an actively maintained state of quiescence until activation by antigenic signals, upon which they start to proliferate and generate effector cells to initiate a functional immune response. Metabolic reprogramming is essential to meet the biosynthetic demands of the differentiation process, and failure to do so can promote the development of hypofunctional exhausted T cells. Methods Here we used 13C metabolomics and transcriptomics to study the metabolism of CD8+ T cells in their complete course of differentiation from naïve over stem-like memory to effector cells and in exhaustion-inducing conditions. Results The quiescence of naïve T cells was evident in a profound suppression of glucose oxidation and a decreased expression of ENO1, downstream of which no glycolytic flux was detectable. Moreover, TCA cycle activity was low in naïve T cells and associated with a downregulation of SDH subunits. Upon stimulation and exit from quiescence, the initiation of cell growth and proliferation was accompanied by differential expression of metabolic enzymes and metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis with high rates of nutrient uptake, respiration and lactate production. High flux in anabolic pathways imposed a strain on NADH homeostasis, which coincided with engagement of the proline cycle for mitochondrial redox shuttling. With acquisition of effector functions, cells increasingly relied on glycolysis as opposed to oxidative phosphorylation, which was, however, not linked to changes in mitochondrial abundance. In exhaustion, decreased effector function concurred with a reduction in mitochondrial metabolism, glycolysis and amino acid import, and an upregulation of quiescence-associated genes, TXNIP and KLF2, and the T cell suppressive metabolites succinate and itaconate. Discussion Overall, these results identify multiple metabolic features that regulate quiescence, proliferation and effector function, but also exhaustion of CD8+ T cells during differentiation. Thus, targeting these metabolic checkpoints may be a promising therapeutic strategy for both prevention of exhaustion and promotion of stemness of anti-tumor T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kirchmair
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niloofar Nemati
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giorgia Lamberti
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcel Trefny
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Immunology, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Krogsdam
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- NGS Core Facility, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anita Siller
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Hörtnagl
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Schumacher
- Core Facility FACS Sorting, University Clinic for Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Core Facility FACS Sorting, University Clinic for Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alfred Zippelius
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Immunology, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Laboratory of Applied Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Metabolomics Core Facility Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Lee EY, Dai Z, Jaiswal A, Wang EHC, Anandasabapathy N, Christiano AM. Functional interrogation of lymphocyte subsets in alopecia areata using single-cell RNA sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305764120. [PMID: 37428932 PMCID: PMC10629527 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305764120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is among the most prevalent autoimmune diseases, but the development of innovative therapeutic strategies has lagged due to an incomplete understanding of the immunological underpinnings of disease. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of skin-infiltrating immune cells from the graft-induced C3H/HeJ mouse model of AA, coupled with antibody-based depletion to interrogate the functional role of specific cell types in AA in vivo. Since AA is predominantly T cell-mediated, we focused on dissecting lymphocyte function in AA. Both our scRNAseq and functional studies established CD8+ T cells as the primary disease-driving cell type in AA. Only the depletion of CD8+ T cells, but not CD4+ T cells, NK, B, or γδ T cells, was sufficient to prevent and reverse AA. Selective depletion of regulatory T cells (Treg) showed that Treg are protective against AA in C3H/HeJ mice, suggesting that failure of Treg-mediated immunosuppression is not a major disease mechanism in AA. Focused analyses of CD8+ T cells revealed five subsets, whose heterogeneity is defined by an "effectorness gradient" of interrelated transcriptional states that culminate in increased effector function and tissue residency. scRNAseq of human AA skin showed that CD8+ T cells in human AA follow a similar trajectory, underscoring that shared mechanisms drive disease in both murine and human AA. Our study represents a comprehensive, systematic interrogation of lymphocyte heterogeneity in AA and uncovers a novel framework for AA-associated CD8+ T cells with implications for the design of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Y. Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Zhenpeng Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Abhinav Jaiswal
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10021
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065
| | - Eddy Hsi Chun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
| | - Niroshana Anandasabapathy
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10021
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY10065
| | - Angela M. Christiano
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY10032
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5
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Sokolowski DJ, Ahn J, Erdman L, Hou H, Ellis K, Wang L, Goldenberg A, Wilson M. Differential Expression Enrichment Tool (DEET): an interactive atlas of human differential gene expression. NAR Genom Bioinform 2023; 5:lqad003. [PMID: 36694664 PMCID: PMC9869326 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential gene expression analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data is a standard approach for making biological discoveries. Ongoing large-scale efforts to process and normalize publicly available gene expression data enable rapid and systematic reanalysis. While several powerful tools systematically process RNA-seq data, enabling their reanalysis, few resources systematically recompute differentially expressed genes (DEGs) generated from individual studies. We developed a robust differential expression analysis pipeline to recompute 3162 human DEG lists from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression Consortium, and 142 studies within the Sequence Read Archive. After measuring the accuracy of the recomputed DEG lists, we built the Differential Expression Enrichment Tool (DEET), which enables users to interact with the recomputed DEG lists. DEET, available through CRAN and RShiny, systematically queries which of the recomputed DEG lists share similar genes, pathways, and TF targets to their own gene lists. DEET identifies relevant studies based on shared results with the user's gene lists, aiding in hypothesis generation and data-driven literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jedid Ahn
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Erdman
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Huayun Hou
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kai Ellis
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liangxi Wang
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,CIFAR, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Wilson
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 416 813 7654 (Ext 328699); Fax: +1 416 813 4931;
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6
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Katturajan R, Nithiyanandam S, Parthasarathy M, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Sathiyamoorthi E, Lee J, Ramesh T, Iyer M, Prince SE, Ganesan R. Immunomodulatory Role of Thioredoxin Interacting Protein in Cancer's Impediments: Current Understanding and Therapeutic Implications. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1902. [PMID: 36366411 PMCID: PMC9699629 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, which killed ten million people in 2020, is expected to become the world's leading health problem and financial burden. Despite the development of effective therapeutic approaches, cancer-related deaths have increased by 25.4% in the last ten years. Current therapies promote apoptosis and oxidative stress DNA damage and inhibit inflammatory mediators and angiogenesis from providing temporary relief. Thioredoxin-binding protein (TXNIP) causes oxidative stress by inhibiting the function of the thioredoxin system. It is an important regulator of many redox-related signal transduction pathways in cells. In cancer cells, it functions as a tumor suppressor protein that inhibits cell proliferation. In addition, TXNIP levels in hemocytes increased after immune stimulation, suggesting that TXNIP plays an important role in immunity. Several studies have provided experimental evidence for the immune modulatory role of TXNIP in cancer impediments. TXNIP also has the potential to act against immune cells in cancer by mediating the JAK-STAT, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways. To date, therapies targeting TXNIP in cancer are still under investigation. This review highlights the role of TXNIP in preventing cancer, as well as recent reports describing its functions in various immune cells, signaling pathways, and promoting action against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Katturajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangeetha Nithiyanandam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manisha Parthasarathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Livestock Farming and Bioresource Technology, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Disease, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
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7
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Rode AKO, Buus TB, Mraz V, Al-Jaberi FAH, Lopez DV, Ford SL, Hennen S, Eliasen IP, Klewe IV, Gharehdaghi L, Dragan A, Rosenkilde MM, Woetmann A, Skov L, Ødum N, Bonefeld CM, Kongsbak-Wismann M, Geisler C. Induced Human Regulatory T Cells Express the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162587. [PMID: 36010663 PMCID: PMC9406769 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) plays a key role in metabolism and is an important therapeutic target in diabetes and obesity. Recent studies in experimental animals have shown that certain subsets of T cells express functional GLP-1R, indicating an immune regulatory role of GLP-1. In contrast, less is known about the expression and function of the GLP-1R in human T cells. Here, we provide evidence that activated human T cells express GLP-1R. The expressed GLP-1R was functional, as stimulation with a GLP-1R agonist triggered an increase in intracellular cAMP, which was abrogated by a GLP-1R antagonist. Analysis of CD4+ T cells activated under T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation conditions indicated that GLP-1R expression was most pronounced in induced Treg (iTreg) cells. Through multimodal single-cell CITE- and TCR-sequencing, we detected GLP-1R expression in 29–34% of the FoxP3+CD25+CD127- iTreg cells. GLP-1R+ cells showed no difference in their TCR-gene usage nor CDR3 lengths. Finally, we demonstrated the presence of GLP-1R+CD4+ T cells in skin from patients with allergic contact dermatitis. Taken together, the present data demonstrate that T cell activation triggers the expression of functional GLP-1R in human CD4+ T cells. Given the high induction of GLP-1R in human iTreg cells, we hypothesize that GLP-1R+ iTreg cells play a key role in the anti-inflammatory effects ascribed to GLP-1R agonists in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. O. Rode
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terkild Brink Buus
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Veronika Mraz
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fatima Abdul Hassan Al-Jaberi
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Villalba Lopez
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shayne L. Ford
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Leila Gharehdaghi
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adrian Dragan
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M. Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M. Bonefeld
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Kongsbak-Wismann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Geisler
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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8
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Lopez DV, Al-Jaberi FAH, Woetmann A, Ødum N, Bonefeld CM, Kongsbak-Wismann M, Geisler C. Macrophages Control the Bioavailability of Vitamin D and Vitamin D-Regulated T Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722806. [PMID: 34621269 PMCID: PMC8490813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) has a great impact on T cell effector function. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D3 promotes T helper 2 (Th2) and regulatory T (Treg) cell function and concomitantly inhibits Th1 and Th17 cell function. Thus, it is believed that vitamin D exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, vitamin D binding protein (DBP) strongly binds both 1,25(OH)2D3 and the precursor 25(OH)D3, leaving only a minor fraction of vitamin D in the free, bioavailable form. Accordingly, DBP in physiological concentrations would be expected to block the effect of vitamin D on T cells and dendritic cells. In the present study, we show that pro-inflammatory, monocyte-derived M1 macrophages express very high levels of the 25(OH)D-1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1 that enables them to convert 25(OH)D3 into 1,25(OH)2D3 even in the presence of physiological concentrations of DBP. Co-cultivation of M1 macrophages with T cells allows them to overcome the sequestering of 25(OH)D3 by DBP and to produce sufficient levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 to affect T cell effector function. This study suggests that in highly inflammatory conditions, M1 macrophages can produce sufficient levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 to modify T cell responses and thereby reduce T cell-mediated inflammation via a vitamin D-mediated negative feed-back loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Villalba Lopez
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fatima A H Al-Jaberi
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Menné Bonefeld
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Kongsbak-Wismann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Geisler
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Al-Jaberi FAH, Kongsbak-Wismann M, Aguayo-Orozco A, Krogh N, Buus TB, Lopez DV, Rode AKO, Gravesen E, Olgaard K, Brunak S, Woetmann A, Ødum N, Bonefeld CM, Geisler C. Impaired Vitamin D Signaling in T Cells From a Family With Hereditary Vitamin D Resistant Rickets. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684015. [PMID: 34093587 PMCID: PMC8170129 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), mediates its immunomodulatory effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we describe a new point mutation in the DNA-binding domain of the VDR and its consequences for 1,25(OH)2D3 signaling in T cells from heterozygous and homozygous carriers of the mutation. The mutation did not affect the overall structure or the ability of the VDR to bind 1,25(OH)2D3 and the retinoid X receptor. However, the subcellular localization of the VDR was strongly affected and the transcriptional activity was abolished by the mutation. In heterozygous carriers of the mutation, 1,25(OH)2D3-induced gene regulation was reduced by ~ 50% indicating that the expression level of wild-type VDR determines 1,25(OH)2D3 responsiveness in T cells. We show that vitamin D-mediated suppression of vitamin A-induced gene regulation depends on an intact ability of the VDR to bind DNA. Furthermore, we demonstrate that vitamin A inhibits 1,25(OH)2D3-induced translocation of the VDR to the nucleus and 1,25(OH)2D3-induced up-regulation of CYP24A1. Taken together, this study unravels novel aspects of vitamin D signaling and function of the VDR in human T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima A H Al-Jaberi
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Kongsbak-Wismann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Aguayo-Orozco
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Krogh
- RNA and Gene Medicine Program, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terkild B Buus
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel V Lopez
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K O Rode
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Gravesen
- Department of Nephrology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Olgaard
- Department of Nephrology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M Bonefeld
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Geisler
- The LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Yang Y, Neo SY, Chen Z, Cui W, Chen Y, Guo M, Wang Y, Xu H, Kurzay A, Alici E, Holmgren L, Haglund F, Wang K, Lundqvist A. Thioredoxin activity confers resistance against oxidative stress in tumor-infiltrating NK cells. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5508-5522. [PMID: 32673292 DOI: 10.1172/jci137585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the clinical outcome of adoptive NK cell therapy in patients with solid tumors, NK cells need to persist within the tumor microenvironment (TME) in which the abundance of ROS could dampen antitumor immune responses. In the present study, we demonstrated that IL-15-primed NK cells acquired resistance against oxidative stress through the thioredoxin system activated by mTOR. Mechanistically, the activation of thioredoxin showed dependence on localization of thioredoxin-interacting protein. We show that NK cells residing in the tumor core expressed higher thiol densities that could aid in protecting other lymphocytes against ROS within the TME. Furthermore, the prognostic value of IL15 and the NK cell gene signature in tumors may be influenced by tobacco smoking history in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Collectively, the levels of reducing antioxidants in NK cells may not only predict better tumor penetrance but potentially even the immune therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shi Yong Neo
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziqing Chen
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weiyingqi Cui
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Annina Kurzay
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evren Alici
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Andreas Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Thioredoxin Interacting Protein (TXNIP) Is Differentially Expressed in Human Tumor Samples but Is Absent in Human Tumor Cell Line Xenografts: Implications for Its Use as an Immunosurveillance Marker. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103028. [PMID: 33081035 PMCID: PMC7603212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The metabolic protein TXNIP plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. Abnormal TXNIP levels are notable, e.g., in type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and tumors. Using immunohistochemical staining for TXNIP in different tumor entities, we give new insights of TXNIP expression on the protein level. In human tumors, staining intensity inversely correlated with aggressiveness of the tumor entity. In contrast, human tumor cell lines grown in mice (xenografts), consistently revealed no staining. Hence, loss of TXNIP suggests a critical role for the development of tumors in xenografts. Furthermore, we investigated TXNIP staining of immunocompetent cells in the proximity of the xenograft tumor tissue. Our findings demonstrate that TXNIP downregulation is a common feature in human tumor xenograft models. Subsequently, TXNIP expression might be used to monitor the functional state of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes in tissue sections and may help to predict response to modern immune therapy. Abstract Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is a metabolic protein critically involved in redox homeostasis and has been proposed as a tumor suppressor gene in a variety of malignancies. Accordingly, TXNIP is downregulated in breast, bladder, and gastric cancer and in tumor transplant models TXNIP overexpression inhibits growth and metastasis. As TXNIP protein expression has only been investigated in few malignancies, we employed immunohistochemical detection in a large multi-tumor tissue microarray consisting of 2,824 samples from 94 different tumor entities. In general, TXNIP protein was present only in a small proportion of primary tumor samples and in these cases was differently expressed depending on tumor stage and subtype (e.g., renal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, and ductal pancreatic cancer). Further, TXNIP protein expression was determined in primary mouse xenograft tumors derived from human cancer cell lines and was immunohistochemically absent in all xenograft tumors investigated. Intriguingly, TXNIP expression became gradually lower in the proximity of the primary tumor tissue and was absent in leukocytes directly adjacent to tumor tissue. In conclusion, these findings suggest that TXNIP downregulation is as a common feature in human tumor xenograft models and that intra-tumoral leukocytes down-regulate TXNIP. Hence TXNIP expression might be used to monitor the functional state of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes in tissue sections.
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