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Mahmoodi NO, Rajabi A, Nyaki HY, Nahzomi HT. Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, and Investigation of Antibacterial Properties of New Derivatives of 1-H-Phenanthro [9,10-d] Imidazole. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400325. [PMID: 38635369 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, several imidazole derivatives in one pot multicomponent reaction from various aldehydes 1(a-z), 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, or benzyl (2), and ammonium acetate (3) were synthesized in the presence of acetic acid (AcOH) under reflux conditions at 120 °C. Also, the photochromic properties of synthesized compounds were investigated in AcOH as a solvent under laboratory conditions at a temperature of 120 °C. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated. The structure of the products was confirmed using FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds against gram-positive bacteria including Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria was evaluated by the Well diffusion (WD) method, and the compounds 4 o showed significant results for both antibacterial activity. To gain insight into how these compounds interact with two types of targets, i. e., human topoisomerase II alpha (5GWK) and acetylcholinesterase (7AIX), binding calculations have been used that provide significant results for both targets and show that most ligands can effectively bind to cleft nucleotides. Interfere in the first one or be well placed in them. Hydrophobic pocket in the dimension, which can ultimately lead to high scores achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosrat O Mahmoodi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Anahita Rajabi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Yazdani Nyaki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Jayabharathi J, Thanikachalam V. Robust luminogens as cutting-edge tools for efficient light emission in recent decades. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13561-13605. [PMID: 38655772 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Blue luminogens play a vital role in white lighting and potential metal-free fluorescent materials and their high-lying excited states contribute to harvesting triplet excitons in devices. However, in TADF-OLEDs (ΔEST < 0.1 eV), although T1 excitons transfer to S1via RISC with 100% IQE, the longer lifetime of blue TADF suffers from efficiency roll-off (RO). In this case, hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) materials have attracted significant interest in lighting owing to their 100% hot exciton harvesting and enhanced efficiency. Both academics and industrialists widely use the HLCT strategy to improve the efficiency of fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (FOLEDs) by harvesting dark triplet excitons through the RISC process. Aggregation-induced emissive materials (AIEgens) possess tight packing in the aggregation state, and twisted AIEgens with HLCT behaviour have a shortened conjugation length, inducing blue emission and making them suitable candidates for OLED applications. TTA-OLEDs are used in commercial BOLEDs because of their moderate efficiency and reasonable operation lifetime. In this review, we discuss the devices based on TTA fluorophores, TADF fluorophores, HLCT fluorophores, AIEgens and HLCT-sensitized fluorophores (HLCT-SF), which break through the statistical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Jayabharathi
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu-608 002, India.
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Dhineshkumar E, Arumugam N, Manikandan E, Maaza M, Mandal A. Fabrication of high performance based deep-blue OLED with benzodioxin-6-amine-styryl-triphenylamine and carbazole hosts as electroluminescent materials. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2432. [PMID: 38287065 PMCID: PMC10825205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study reports synthesis of phenathroimidazole derivatives structures following donor-acceptor relation for high performance deep-blue light emitting diodes. Herein, methyl substituted benzodioxin-6-amine phenanthroimidazoles Cz-SBDPI and TPA-SBDPI derivatives that provide the blue light were designed and synthesized. These Cz-SBDPI and TPA-SBDPI show higher glass transition (Tg) temperatures of 199 and 194 °C and demonstrate enhanced thermal properties. Apart from enhanced thermal stability these compounds also exhibit superior photophysical, electrochemical and electroluminescent properties. The non-doped carbazole based device display improved electroluminescent performances than those of TPA-based devices. The strong orbital-coupling due to decreased energy barrier between Cz-SBDPI transitions result in deep blue emission with CIE-0.15, 0.06. For non-doped Cz-SBDPI device; high L (brightness):12,984 cd/m2; ηc (current efficiency): 5.9 cd/A; ηp (power efficiency): 5.7 lm/W and ηex (external quantum efficiency): 6.2% was observed. The results show that the D-A emitters can serve as simple but also as an effective approach to devise cheap electroluminescent materials that has high efficiency and can serve as OLED devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dhineshkumar
- Manushyaa Blossom Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600102, India
| | - N Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - E Manikandan
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, MSGET, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, 605014, India.
- College of Graduate Studies, UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Western Cape, 7129, South Africa.
| | - M Maaza
- College of Graduate Studies, UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Western Cape, 7129, South Africa.
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Zurnacı M, Şener İ, Gür M, Şener N. Organic fluorescent compounds based on phenanthroimidazole: A review of highlight studies. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:1690-1701. [PMID: 37491075 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds containing phenanthroimidazole, and its optical, thermal, chemical, and high fluorescence, have drawn the interest of numerous researchers. Phenanthroimidazole derivatives are appealing for various applications due to these characteristics. This research provides a summary of the general information contained in studies on the synthesis, characterization, photophysical characteristics, and possible applications of phenanthroimidazole derivative compounds. The focus of this study revolves around the topic of utilization in technological fields such as sensors, solar cells, optical brighteners, and organic light-emitting diodes, and covers significant studies on mentioned topics. We anticipate that this study will provide an outline for researchers aiming to further examine fluorescent organic compounds for technological innovations. Furthermore, we anticipate that this research will be crucial in developing long-term high-organic compounds for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Zurnacı
- Central Research Laboratory, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - İzzet Şener
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Gür
- Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Şener
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Zhang C, Su R, Guo Y, Li D, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Yu T. Phenanthroimidazole/carbazole and phenanthroimidazole/ phenothiazine hybrids with alkoxyorganosilane functional groups as blue emitting materials. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jayabharathi J, Thilagavathy S, Thanikachalam V. Blue organic light-emitting diodes with hybridized local and charge-transfer excited state realizing high external quantum efficiency. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8606-8618. [PMID: 35423407 PMCID: PMC8695226 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10934g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor-spacer-acceptor (D-π-A) materials CAPI and CCAPI, with hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) emissive states, have been synthesized. The twisting D-π-A architecture promotes the partial separation of HOMO and LUMO, leading to an enhanced % CT component, and the anthracene moiety in CAPI and CCAPI increases the conjugation length, leading to an enhanced % LE component. The non-doped device with CCAPIb shows the blue emission (450 nm) with maximum current efficiency (η c), power efficiency (η p), and external quantum efficiency (η ex) of 16.83 cd A-1, 15.32 lm W-1, and 12.0%, respectively, as well as exciton utilization efficiency (EUE) of 95% with a luminance of 32 546 cd m-2 and a roll-off efficiency of 0.53%. The new design strategy has great potential for developing high-performance blue electroluminescent materials.
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Kole GK, Merz J, Amar A, Fontaine B, Boucekkine A, Nitsch J, Lorenzen S, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Košćak M, Braunschweig H, Piantanida I, Halet J, Müller‐Buschbaum K, Marder TB. 2- and 2,7-Substituted para-N-Methylpyridinium Pyrenes: Syntheses, Molecular and Electronic Structures, Photophysical, Electrochemical, and Spectroelectrochemical Properties and Binding to Double-Stranded (ds) DNA. Chemistry 2021; 27:2837-2853. [PMID: 33231335 PMCID: PMC7898908 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two N-methylpyridinium compounds and analogous N-protonated salts of 2- and 2,7-substituted 4-pyridyl-pyrene compounds were synthesised and their crystal structures, photophysical properties both in solution and in the solid state, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties were studied. Upon methylation or protonation, the emission maxima are significantly bathochromically shifted compared to the neutral compounds, although the absorption maxima remain almost unchanged. As a result, the cationic compounds show very large apparent Stokes shifts of up to 7200 cm-1 . The N-methylpyridinium compounds have a single reduction at ca. -1.5 V vs. Fc/Fc+ in MeCN. While the reduction process was reversible for the 2,7-disubstituted compound, it was irreversible for the mono-substituted one. Experimental findings are complemented by DFT and TD-DFT calculations. Furthermore, the N-methylpyridinium compounds show strong interactions with calf thymus (ct)-DNA, presumably by intercalation, which paves the way for further applications of these multi-functional compounds as potential DNA-bioactive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Kumar Kole
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Department of ChemistryCollege of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologySRM NagarKattankulathurTamil Nadu603203India
| | - Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Anissa Amar
- Département de ChimieFaculté des SciencesUniversité Mouloud Mammeri15000Tizi-OuzouAlgeria
| | - Bruno Fontaine
- Univ RennesEcole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Abdou Boucekkine
- Univ RennesEcole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Sabine Lorenzen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marta Košćak
- Division of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryRuđer Bošković Institute10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Division of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryRuđer Bošković Institute10000ZagrebCroatia
| | - Jean‐François Halet
- Univ RennesEcole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 622635000RennesFrance
| | - Klaus Müller‐Buschbaum
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Dixit SJN, Gupta C, Tadavi TH, Chandrakumar KRS, Bose S, Agarwal N. Phenanthroimidazole derivatives showing mild intramolecular charge transfer and high quantum yields and their applications in OLEDs. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02134f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthroimidazole derivatives showing bipolar characters, strong emissions in the blue region and their applications in OLED is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati J. N. Dixit
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Chandan Gupta
- School of Physical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Tanveer Habib Tadavi
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - K. R. S. Chandrakumar
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Sangita Bose
- School of Physical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- School of Chemical Sciences, UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
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Jayabharathi J, Sivaraj S, Thanikachalam V, Seransenguttuvan B. Efficient blue electroluminescence with an external quantum efficiency of 9.20% and CIE y < 0.08 without excimer emission. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25059-25072. [PMID: 35517441 PMCID: PMC9055148 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03463k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatically substituted phenanthroimidazoles at the C6 and C9 positions enhanced the thermal, photochemical and electroluminescence properties due to extension of conjugation. These new materials exhibit good photophysical properties with high thermal stability, good film-forming property and high luminous efficiency. The electroluminescence performances of C6 and C9 modified phenanthroimidazoles as host emitters were evaluated as well as the dopant in the fabricated devices. Among the non-doped devices, pyrene substituted PPI-Py or PPICN-Py based devices show maximum efficiency: PPI-Py/PPICN-Py: η c (cd A-1) - 9.20/9.98; η p (lm W-1) - 8.50/9.16; η ex (%) - 5.56/5.80. The doped OLEDs, m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPI-Cz (4.81/4.85%), m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPICN-Cz (5.23/5.26%), m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPI-An (5.01/5.04%), m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPICN-An (5.25/5.28%), m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPI-Py (5.61/5.65%) and m-MTDATA/TAPC:PPICN-Py (5.76/5.78%) show improved device efficiencies compared to non-doped devices. Designing C6/C9 modified phenanthrimidazole fluorophores is an efficient strategy for constructing highly efficient OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sekar Sivaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar Tamilnadu - 608 002 India
| | | | - Balu Seransenguttuvan
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar Tamilnadu - 608 002 India
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