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Deeb M, Smagin AV, Pauleit S, Fouché-Grobla O, Podwojewski P, Groffman PM. The urgency of building soils for Middle Eastern and North African countries: Economic, environmental, and health solutions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170529. [PMID: 38296094 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Soil degradation is a short or long ongoing process that limits ecosystem services. Intensive land use, water scarcity, land disturbance, and global climate change have reduced the quality of soils worldwide. This degradation directly threatens most of the land in the Middle East and North Africa, while the remaining areas are at high risk of further desertification. Rehabilitation and control of these damaged environments are essential to avoid negative effects on human well-being (e.g., poverty, food insecurity, wars, etc.). Here we review constructed soils involving the use of waste materials as a solution to soil degradation and present approaches to address erosion, organic matter oxidation, water scarcity and salinization. Our analysis showed a high potential for using constructed soil as a complimentary reclamation solution in addition to traditional ones. Constructed soils could have the ability to overcome the limitations of existing solutions to tackle land degradation while contributing to the solution of waste management problems. These soils facilitate the provision of multiple ecosystem services and have the potential to address particularly challenging land degradation problems in semi and dry climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Deeb
- Soils and Substrates, HEPIA, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland; Lehrstuhl für Strategie und Management der Landschaftsentwicklung, Technische Universität München, Germany.
| | - Andrey Valentinovich Smagin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Forest Science of RAS, Moscow Region, Sovetskaya 21, 143030 Uspenskoe, Russia
| | - Stephan Pauleit
- Lehrstuhl für Strategie und Management der Landschaftsentwicklung, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Olivier Fouché-Grobla
- IRD, UMR IEES-Paris, Sorbonne Université/IRD/CNRS/INRAe/UPEC/Université de Paris, Centre IRD de France Nord, 32, Av. H. Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France; Geomatics & Land Law Lab, Conservatoire national des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), Paris, France
| | - Pascal Podwojewski
- IRD, UMR IEES-Paris, Sorbonne Université/IRD/CNRS/INRAe/UPEC/Université de Paris, Centre IRD de France Nord, 32, Av. H. Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
| | - Peter M Groffman
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Smagin AV, Sadovnikova NB, Belyaeva EA, Korchagina CV. Biodegradability of Gel-Forming Superabsorbents for Soil Conditioning: Kinetic Assessment Based on CO 2 Emissions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3582. [PMID: 37688209 PMCID: PMC10489987 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of the biodegradability of soil water superabsorbents is necessary for a reasonable prediction of their stability and functioning. A new methodological approach to assessing the biodegradability of these polymer materials has been implemented on the basis of PASCO (USA) instrumentation for continuous registration of kinetic CO2 emission curves in laboratory incubation experiments with various hydrogels, including the well-known trade brands Aquasorb, Zeba, and innovative Russian Aquapastus composites with an acrylic polymer matrix. Original kinetic models were proposed to describe different types of respiratory curves and calculate half-life indicators of the studied superabsorbents. Comparative analysis of the new approach with the assessment by biological oxygen demand revealed for the first time the significance of CO2 dissolution in the liquid phase of gel structures during their incubation. Experiments have shown a tenfold reduction in half-life up to 0.1-0.3 years for a priori non-biodegradable synthetic superabsorbents under the influence of compost extract. The incorporation of silver ions into Aquapastus innovative composites at a dose of 0.1% or 10 ppm in swollen gel structures effectively increases their stability, prolonging the half-life to 10 years and more, or almost twice the Western stability standard for polymer ameliorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Smagin
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia;
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, Uspenskoe 143030, Russia; (E.A.B.); (C.V.K.)
| | - Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia;
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, Uspenskoe 143030, Russia; (E.A.B.); (C.V.K.)
| | - Elena A. Belyaeva
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, Uspenskoe 143030, Russia; (E.A.B.); (C.V.K.)
| | - Christina V. Korchagina
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, Uspenskoe 143030, Russia; (E.A.B.); (C.V.K.)
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Jabrail FH, Mutlaq MS, Al-Ojar RK. Studies on Agrochemical Controlled Release Behavior of Copolymer Hydrogel with PVA Blends of Natural Polymers and Their Water-Retention Capabilities in Agricultural Soil. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3545. [PMID: 37688171 PMCID: PMC10490384 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural technical development relies exclusively on the effective delivery of agrochemicals and water to plants and on reducing the harmful effects of agrochemicals on useful organisms in the soil. In this study, super-absorbent hydrogels were prepared in the form of microspheres using gum Arabic (GA), which was copolymerized once with chitosan (CS) and once with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). To impart mechanical strength to the hydrogel microspheres, a covalent cross-linker (N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)) was used for the PVA/GA hydrogel, and an ionic cross-linker (sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP)) was used for the CS/GA hydrogel. The prepared PVA/GA-CH and CS/GA-PH hydrogel microspheres showed different degrees of swelling (DSs) in the following solution media: deionized water (DW), river water (RW), and buffered solutions (pH 4; pH 9). The PVA/GA-CH hydrogel microspheres showed a maximum DS of 84 g/g in the RW, while the CS/GA-PH hydrogel microspheres showed a maximum DS of 63 g/g in the buffered solution at a pH 9. The water-retention capabilities of the hydrogels were studied using a mixture of 0.5% (w/w) hydrogel microspheres in agricultural soil; the composite showed an additional 20 days of water retention in comparison with a control sample consisting of soil alone. The hydrogels were loaded with urea, which is an important fertilizer in the field of agriculture. The PVA/GA-CH hydrogel microspheres showed a maximum loading percentage (Lmax%) of 89% (w/w), while the CS/GA-PH hydrogel microspheres showed an Lmax% = 79.75% (w/w) for urea. The urea-release behaviors of the hydrogel microspheres were studied under different release media and temperature conditions. In practice, the PVA/GA-CH hydrogel microspheres showed a better release profile in the RW at 10 °C, while the CS/GA-PH hydrogel microspheres showed a more controlled release in media at a pH 9 and at 30 °C. The urea-loaded microspheres, aside from those following the release, were characterized via FTIR and SEM. In contrast, virgin microspheres were characterized using XRD,1H NMR, (TGA and DSC), and the maximum degree of swelling, in addition to being subjected to SEM and FTIR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Habeeb Jabrail
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq;
| | - Maysam Salih Mutlaq
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq;
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Lu H, Zhang Y, Tian T, Li X, Wu J, Yang H, Huang H. Preparation and properties of Sanxan gel based fertilizer for water retention and slow-release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124104. [PMID: 36934818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The advent of gel fertilizers has benefited agriculture and the environment. This study utilized sanxan, a novel polysaccharide, as a carrier and loaded it with urea to create sanxan gel fertilizer (SGF), thus creating a new, effective gel fertilizer. Water retention and sustained release ability of SGF were evaluated, and crop experiments were carried out. The results showed that, SGF that content 2.0 % solution of sanxan and loaded 20 g g-1 of urea were prepared by heating-cooling method. The water-retention ratio of SGF was attained at 56.4 g g-1 for 10 h. The urea releases of SGF in water have a more significant persistence than pure urea. In addition, wheat growth was promoted by SGF, compared with pure urea, the biomass of wheat shoot and root increased 27.4 % and 62.2 % during 20 days, respectively. Consequently, SGF has the ability to retain water and slowly release nutrition, which was an ideal carrier for managing water and urea. The SGF developed in this study provides data support and theoretical basis for the application of sanxan gel in agriculture and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hegang Lu
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Co. LTD, Xinhe 055650, China.
| | - Tian Tian
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
| | - Jiang Wu
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
| | - Hongpeng Yang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
| | - Haidong Huang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
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Kiselev EG, Prudnikova SV, Streltsova NV, Volova TG. Effectiveness of slow-release fungicide formulations for suppressing potato pathogens. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5444-5455. [PMID: 36057853 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the first time, the biological activity of slow-release fungicide formulations for suppressing potato pathogens deposited in a degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate/sawdust base has been obtained and investigated. RESULTS The slow-release fungicide formulations (azoxystrobin, azoxystrobin + mefenoxam, and difenoconazole) were studied in vitro and in vivo in comparison with commercial analogues. In in vitro cultures of phytopathogens, the deposited fungicides showed an inhibitory effect comparable to commercial analogues, limiting the growth of colonies of Phytophthora infestans, Alternaria longipes, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solan (2.0-2.3 times relative to the negative control). In laboratory experiments, the use of deposited fungicides was accompanied by earlier germination and more active growth of potatoes against the background of a decrease in the area of plant damage and an increase in yield. In the field experiment, the deposited fungicides suppressed the development of Phytophthora and Alternariosis in the rhizosphere during the entire growing season and reduced the area of plant damage by pathogens by 10-15%, which is two times less than in the groups of plants treated with commercial preparations. The higher biological activity of the embedded fungicides ensured the maximum number of tubers undamaged by pathogens and the total yield of 22-23 t ha-1 , which exceeded the yields in the groups with commercial fungicides (18.4-20.8 t ha-1 ). CONCLUSION The slow-release fungicide formulations deposited in a degradable P(3HB)/sawdust base are effective in protecting potatoes from pathogens and increasing yields and have an advantage over commercial counterparts. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy G Kiselev
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Prudnikova
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana G Volova
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Smagin AV, Sadovnikova NB, Belyaeva EA, Krivtsova VN, Shoba SA, Smagina MV. Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Field Trials in Agriculture and Urban Landscaping. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235131. [PMID: 36501525 PMCID: PMC9739259 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The article summarizes multivariate field trials of gel-forming soil conditioners for agriculture and urban landscaping in various climatic conditions from arid (O.A.E., Uzbekistan) to humid (Moscow region, Russia). The field test program included environmental monitoring of weather data, temperature, water-air regimes, salinity, alkalinity, and biological activity of various soils (sandy and loamy sandy Arenosols, Retisols, loamy Serozems), productivity and yield of plants (lawns, vegetables) and their quality, including pathogen infestation. The evolutionary line of polymer superabsorbents from radiation-crosslinked polyacrylamide (1995) to the patented "Aquapastus" material (2014-2020) with amphiphilic fillers and biocidal additives demonstrated not only success, but also the main problems of using hydrogels in soils (biodegradation, osmotic collapse, etc.), as well as their technological solutions. Along with innovative materials, our know-how consisted in the intelligent soil design of capillary barriers for water accumulation and antipathogenic and antielectrolyte protection of the rhizosphere. Gel-forming polymer conditioners and new technologies of their application increase the productivity of plant crops and the quality of biomass by 30-50%, with a 1.3-2-fold saving of water resources and reliable protection of the topsoil from pathogens and secondary salinization. The results can be useful to a wide range of specialists from chemical technologists to agronomists and landscapers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Smagin
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, 143030 Uspenskoe, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(495)-916-917-79-48
| | - Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Belyaeva
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, 143030 Uspenskoe, Russia
| | - Victoria N. Krivtsova
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Shoba
- Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V. Smagina
- Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Moscow Region, 143030 Uspenskoe, Russia
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Gel-Forming Soil Conditioners of Combined Action: Laboratory Tests for Functionality and Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214665. [PMID: 36365658 PMCID: PMC9657216 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The research analyzes technological properties and stability of innovative gel-forming polymeric materials for complex soil conditioning. These materials combine improvements in the water retention, dispersity, hydraulic properties, anti-erosion and anti-pathogenic protection of the soil along with a high resistance to negative environmental factors (osmotic stress, compression in the pores, microbial biodegradation). Laboratory analysis was based on an original system of instrumental methods, new mathematical models, and the criteria and gradations of the quality of gels and their compositions with mineral soil substrates. The new materials have a technologically optimal degree of swelling (200−600 kg/kg in pure water and saline solutions with 1−3 g/L TDS), high values of surface energy (>130 kJ/kg), specific surface area (>600 m2/g), threshold of gel collapse (>80 mmol/L), half-life (>5 years), and a powerful fungicidal effect (EC50 biocides doses of 10−60 ppm). Due to these properties, the new gel-forming materials, in small doses of 0.1−0.3% increased the water retention and dispersity of sandy substrates to the level of loams, reduced the saturated hydraulic conductivity 20−140 times, suppressed the evaporation 2−4 times, and formed a windproof soil crust (strength up to 100 kPa). These new methodological developments and recommendations are useful for the complex laboratory testing of hydrogels in small (5−10 g) soil samples.
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Volova TG, Kiselev EG, Baranovskiy SV, Zhila NO, Prudnikova SV, Shishatskaya EI, Kuzmin AP, Nemtsev IV, Vasiliev AD, Thomas S. Degradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-The Basis of Slow-Release Fungicide Formulations for Suppressing Potato Pathogens. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3669. [PMID: 36080743 PMCID: PMC9460056 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-component slow-release fungicide formulations with different modes of action of the active ingredients for suppressing potato pathogens were constructed for the first time. The difenoconazole, mefenoxam, prothioconazole, and azoxystrobin fungicides were embedded in the degradable polymer P(3HB)/birch wood flour blend and examined using SEM, IR spectroscopy, X-ray analysis, DTA, and DSC. Results showed that no chemical bonds were established between the components and that they were physical mixtures that had a lower degree of crystallinity compared to the initial P(3HB), which suggested different crystallization kinetics in the mixtures. The degradation behavior of the experimental formulations was investigated in laboratory micro-ecosystems with pre-characterized field soil. The slow-release fungicide formulations were prolonged-action forms with a half-life of at least 50-60 d, enabling gradual and sustained delivery of the active ingredients to plants. All slow-release fungicide formulations had a strong inhibitory effect on the most common and harmful potato pathogens (Phytophthorainfestans, Alternarialongipes, Rhizoctoniasolani, and Fusariumsolani).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G. Volova
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G. Kiselev
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Baranovskiy
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia O. Zhila
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Prudnikova
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I. Shishatskaya
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Andrey P. Kuzmin
- Basic Department of Chemistry and Technology of Natural Energy Sources and Carbon Materials, School of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Siberian Federal University, 82 Svobodny Pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Nemtsev
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/38 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center, “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Aleksander D. Vasiliev
- L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/38 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Basic Department of Solid State Physics and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, 26 Kirensky St., 660074 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Basic Department of Biotechnology, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- International and Interuniversity Centre for Nano Science and Nano Technology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, India
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Rizwan M, Rubina Gilani S, Iqbal Durani A, Naseem S. Materials diversity of hydrogel: Synthesis, polymerization process and soil conditioning properties in agricultural field. J Adv Res 2021; 33:15-40. [PMID: 34603776 PMCID: PMC8464009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cumulative influence of global warming, climate abrupt changes, growing population, topsoil erosion is becoming a threatening alarm for facing food challenges and upcoming global water issues. It ultimately affects the production of food in a water-stressed environment and slows down the production with more consumption of fertilizers by plants. The superabsorbent hydrogels (SAHs) have extensive applications in the agricultural field and proved very beneficial for plant growth and soil health. These polymeric materials are remarkably distinct from hygroscopic materials owing to their multidimensional network structure. It retains a lot of water in its 3D network and releases it slowly along with nutrients to plant in stressed environment. AIM OF REVIEW A soil conditioner boosts up the topology, compactness, and mechanical properties (swelling, water retention, and slow nutrient release) of soil. The superabsorbent hydrogel plays an astonishing role in preventing the loss of nutrients during the heavy flow of rainwater from the upper surface of soil because these SAHs absorb water and get swollen to keep water for longer time. The SAHs facilitate the growth of plants with limited use of water and fertilizers. Beyond, it improves the soil health and makes it fertile in horticulture and drought areas. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT OF REVIEW The SAHs can be synthesized through grafting and cross-linking polymerization to introduce value-added features and extended network structure. The structure of superabsorbent hydrogel entirely based on cross-linking that prompts its use in the agricultural field as a soil conditioner. The properties of a SAHs vary due to its nature of constituents, polymerization process (grafting or cross-linking), and other parameters. The use of SAHs in agricultural field comparatively enhances the swelling rate up to 60-80%, maximum water retaining, and slowly nutrient release to plants for a longer time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering Technology Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Rubina Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering Technology Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sobia Naseem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering Technology Lahore, Pakistan
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Smagin A, Panova I, Ilyasov L, Ogawa K, Adachi Y, Yaroslavov A. Water retention in sandy substrates modified by cross‐linked polymeric microgels and their complexes with a linear cationic polymer. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Smagin
- Department of Soil Science M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Irina Panova
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Leonid Ilyasov
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Kazuyoshi Ogawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Adachi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Alexander Yaroslavov
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russian Federation
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