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Elmore L, Minissale NJ, Israel L, Katz Z, Safran J, Barba A, Austin L, Schaer TP, Freeman TA. Evaluating the Healing Potential of J-Plasma Scalpel-Created Surgical Incisions in Porcine and Rat Models. Biomedicines 2024; 12:277. [PMID: 38397879 PMCID: PMC10886613 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma devices generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that can be anti-microbial but also promote cell migration, differentiation, and tissue wound healing. This report investigates the healing of surgical incisions created using cold plasma generated by the J-Plasma scalpel (Precise Open handpiece, Apyx Medical, Inc.) compared to a steel scalpel in in vivo porcine and rat models. The J-Plasma scalpel is currently FDA approved for the delivery of helium plasma to cut, coagulate, and ablate soft tissue during surgical procedures. To our knowledge, this device has not been studied in creating surgical incisions but only during deeper dissection and hemostasis. External macroscopic and histologic grading by blinded reviewers revealed no significant difference in wound healing appearance or physiology in incisions created using the plasma scalpel as compared with a steel blade scalpel. Incisions created with the plasma scalpel also had superior hemostasis and a reduction in tissue and blood carryover. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histology showed collagen fibril fusion occurred as the plasma scalpel incised through the tissue, contributing to a sealing effect. In addition, when bacteria were injected into the dermis before incision, the plasma scalpel disrupted the bacterial membrane as visualized in SEM images. External macroscopic and histologic grading by blinded reviewers revealed no significant difference in wound healing appearance or physiology. Based on these results, we propose additional studies to clinically evaluate the use of cold plasma in applications requiring hemostasis or when an increased likelihood of subdermal pathogen leakage could cause surgical site infection (i.e., sites with increased hair follicles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilith Elmore
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (J.S.)
| | | | - Lauren Israel
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (J.S.)
| | - Zoe Katz
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (J.S.)
| | - Jordan Safran
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (J.S.)
| | - Adriana Barba
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA (T.P.S.)
| | - Luke Austin
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Thomas P. Schaer
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA (T.P.S.)
| | - Theresa A. Freeman
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA (J.S.)
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Engel A, Ludwig N, Grandke F, Wagner V, Kern F, Fehlmann T, Schmartz GP, Aparicio-Puerta E, Henn D, Walch-Rückheim B, Hannig M, Rupf S, Meese E, Laschke MW, Keller A. Skin treatment with non-thermal plasma modulates the immune system through miR-223-3p and its target genes. RNA Biol 2024; 21:31-44. [PMID: 38828710 PMCID: PMC11152102 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2361571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma, a partially ionized gas, holds significant potential for clinical applications, including wound-healing support, oral therapies, and anti-tumour treatments. While its applications showed promising outcomes, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We thus apply non-thermal plasma to mouse auricular skin and conducted non-coding RNA sequencing, as well as single-cell blood sequencing. In a time-series analysis (five timepoints spanning 2 hours), we compare the expression of microRNAs in the plasma-treated left ears to the unexposed right ears of the same mice as well as to the ears of unexposed control mice. Our findings indicate specific effects in the treated ears for a set of five miRNAs: mmu-miR-144-5p, mmu-miR-144-3p, mmu-miR-142a-5p, mmu-miR-223-3p, and mmu-miR-451a. Interestingly, mmu-miR-223-3p also exhibits an increase over time in the right non-treated ear of the exposed mice, suggesting systemic effects. Notably, this miRNA, along with mmu-miR-142a-5p and mmu-miR-144-3p, regulates genes and pathways associated with wound healing and tissue regeneration (namely ErbB, FoxO, Hippo, and PI3K-Akt signalling). This co-regulation is particularly remarkable considering the significant seed dissimilarities among the miRNAs. Finally, single-cell sequencing of PBMCs reveals the downregulation of 12 from 15 target genes in B-cells, Cd4+ and Cd8+ T-cells. Collectively, our data provide evidence for a systemic effect of non-thermal plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Engel
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Friederike Grandke
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Fabian Kern
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics (CLIB), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Fehlmann
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Georges P. Schmartz
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Dominic Henn
- Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Walch-Rückheim
- Center of Human und Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Virology & Immunology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupf
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics (CLIB), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Clinical Observation of Microplasma Radiofrequency Technology Combined With Glucocorticoid Injection in the Treatment of Hundreds of Cases of Hypertrophic Scar After Early Deep Burn and Scald. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:687-690. [PMID: 36710391 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of microplasma radiofrequency technology combined with glucocorticoid injection in the treatment of hypertrophic scarring after early deep burns and scalding. METHODS A total of 150 patients with hypertrophic scars after early deep burns from June 2018 to June 2021 were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 50 cases in each group. The patients were treated with compound betamethasone injection (Group A), microplasma radiofrequency technique (Group B), and compound betamethasone injection combined with microplasma radiofrequency technology (Group C). Each course of treatment included 5 standard treatments, and they were performed 6 weeks apart. Each patient was analyzed using the Vancouver scar scale and visual analogy scale after each treatment. The results were compared over time and across groups using repeated measurement analysis of variance. RESULTS A total of 138 patients in these 3 groups completed this study. As treatment continued, the Vancouver scar scale value of Group C decreased more rapidly than that of Group A and Group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). In the improvement of scar pain and itching, there was little difference between Group C and Group A ( P >0.05), but both were better than Group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). Regarding the incidence of adverse reactions, there was little difference between Group C and Group B ( P >0.05), but the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of Group A, and the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). CONCLUSION Microplasma radiofrequency combined with glucocorticoid injection in the treatment of hypertrophic scarring after early deep burns is effective, safe, and has a low incidence of adverse reactions, and it merits clinical promotion.
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Xu Y, Bai Y, Dai C, Lv H, Zhou X, Xu Q. Effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma on protein. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 71:173-184. [PMID: 36447493 PMCID: PMC9701599 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the advancement in non-thermal atmospheric plasma technology enables plasma treatments on some heat-sensitive targets, including biological substances, without unspecific damage caused by thermal effect. The significant effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma modulating biological events have been demonstrated by considerable studies. Protein, one of the most important biomolecules, participates in the majority of the life-sustaining activities in all organisms, whose functions are derived from the diverse biochemical properties of amino acid compositions and four-tiered protein structure hierarchy. Therefore, the knowledge of how non-thermal atmospheric plasma affects protein greatly benefits the understanding and application of the non-thermal atmospheric plasma's effect in biological area. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on the effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma, particularly its reactive species, on biochemical and biophysical characteristics of proteins at different structural levels that leads to their functional changes. Moreover, the physiological effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma at cellular or organism level driven by the manipulations on protein and their relative application prospects are reviewed. Despite the exceptional application potential, the exploration of the non-thermal atmospheric plasma's effect on protein still confronts with difficulties due to the limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and the complexity of non-thermal atmospheric plasma operation systems, which requires further studies and standardization of non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
| | - Chenwei Dai
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
| | - Han Lv
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
| | - Qinghua Xu
- Institute of Microbiology, Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Gongwan Road 15, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061, China
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Urciuolo F, Passariello R, Imparato G, Casale C, Netti PA. Bioengineered Wound Healing Skin Models: The Role of Immune Response and Endogenous ECM to Fully Replicate the Dynamic of Scar Tissue Formation In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060233. [PMID: 35735476 PMCID: PMC9219817 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The healing of deep skin wounds is a complex phenomenon evolving according with a fine spatiotemporal regulation of different biological events (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling). Due to the spontaneous evolution of damaged human dermis toward a fibrotic scar, the treatment of deep wounds still represents a clinical concern. Bioengineered full-thickness skin models may play a crucial role in this direction by providing a deep understanding of the process that leads to the formation of fibrotic scars. This will allow (i) to identify new drugs and targets/biomarkers, (ii) to test new therapeutic approaches, and (iii) to develop more accurate in silico models, with the final aim to guide the closure process toward a scar-free closure and, in a more general sense, (iv) to understand the mechanisms involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic aging of the skin. In this work, the complex dynamic of events underlaying the closure of deep skin wound is presented and the engineered models that aim at replicating such complex phenomenon are reviewed. Despite the complexity of the cellular and extracellular events occurring during the skin wound healing the gold standard assay used to replicate such a process is still represented by planar in vitro models that have been largely used to identify the key factors regulating the involved cellular processes. However, the lack of the main constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM) makes these over-simplistic 2D models unable to predict the complexity of the closure process. Three-dimensional bioengineered models, which aim at recreating the closure dynamics of the human dermis by using exogenous biomaterials, have been developed to fill such a gap. Although interesting mechanistic effects have been figured out, the effect of the inflammatory response on the ECM remodelling is not replicated yet. We discuss how more faithful wound healing models can be obtained by creating immunocompetent 3D dermis models featuring an endogenous ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Urciuolo
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberta Passariello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Imparato
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Costantino Casale
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy;
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Sremački I, Kos Š, Bošnjak M, Jurov A, Serša G, Modic M, Leys C, Cvelbar U, Nikiforov A. Plasma Damage Control: From Biomolecules to Cells and Skin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46303-46316. [PMID: 34569240 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial and cell-proliferative character of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) helps in the healing process of chronic wounds. However, control of the plasma-biological target interface remains an open issue. High vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet (VUV/UV) radiation and RONS flux from plasma may cause damage of a treated tissue; therefore, controlled interaction is essential. VUV/UV emission from argon APPJs and radiation control with aerosol injection in plasma effluent is the focus of this research. The aerosol effect on radiation is studied by a fluorescent target capable of resolving the plasma oxidation footprint. In addition, DNA damage is evaluated by plasmid DNA radiation assay and cell proliferation assay to assess safety aspects of the plasma jet, the effect of VUV/UV radiation, and its control with aerosol injection. Inevitable emission of VUV/UV radiation from plasmas during treatment is demonstrated in this work. Plasma has no antiproliferative effect on fibroblasts in short treatments (t < 60 s), while long exposure has a cytotoxic effect, resulting in decreased cell survival. Radiation has no effect on cell survival in the medium due to absorption. However, a strong cytotoxic effect on the attached fibroblasts without the medium is apparent. VUV/UV radiation contributes 70% of the integral plasma effect in induction of single- and double-strand DNA breaks and cytotoxicity of the attached cells without the medium. Survival of the attached cells increases by 10% when aerosol is introduced between plasma and the cells. Injection of aerosol in the plasma effluent can help to control the plasma-cell/tissue interaction. Aerosol droplets in the effluent partially absorb UV emission from the plasma, limiting photon flux in the direction of the biological target. Herein, cold and safe plasma-aerosol treatment and a safe operational mode of treatment are demonstrated in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Sremački
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Špela Kos
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Maša Bošnjak
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Andrea Jurov
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Serša
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Martina Modic
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Christophe Leys
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Uroš Cvelbar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Gent 9000, Belgium
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Bekeschus S, von Woedtke T, Emmert S, Schmidt A. Medical gas plasma-stimulated wound healing: Evidence and mechanisms. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102116. [PMID: 34474394 PMCID: PMC8408623 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective wound healing poses a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. In recent years, a novel reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) based therapy has received considerable attention among dermatologists for targeting chronic wounds. The multifaceted ROS/RNS are generated using gas plasma technology, a partially ionized gas operated at body temperature. This review integrates preclinical and clinical evidence into a set of working hypotheses mainly based on redox processes aiding in elucidating the mechanisms of action and optimizing gas plasmas for therapeutic purposes. These hypotheses include increased wound tissue oxygenation and vascularization, amplified apoptosis of senescent cells, redox signaling, and augmented microbial inactivation. Instead of a dominant role of a single effector, it is proposed that all mechanisms act in concert in gas plasma-stimulated healing, rationalizing the use of this technology in therapy-resistant wounds. Finally, addressable current challenges and future concepts are outlined, which may further promote the clinical utilization, efficacy, and safety of gas plasma technology in wound care in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), A Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Thomas von Woedtke
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), A Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Greifswald University Medical Center, Sauerbruchstr., 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Steffen Emmert
- Clinic for Dermatology and Venereology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), A Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Bekeschus S, Kramer A, Schmidt A. Gas Plasma-Augmented Wound Healing in Animal Models and Veterinary Medicine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185682. [PMID: 34577153 PMCID: PMC8469854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of skin integrity is inevitable in life. Wound healing is a necessary sequence of events to reconstitute the body’s integrity against potentially harmful environmental agents and restore homeostasis. Attempts to improve cutaneous wound healing are therefore as old as humanity itself. Furthermore, nowadays, targeting defective wound healing is of utmost importance in an aging society with underlying diseases such as diabetes and vascular insufficiencies being on the rise. Because chronic wounds’ etiology and specific traits differ, there is widespread polypragmasia in targeting non-healing conditions. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are an overarching theme accompanying wound healing and its biological stages. ROS are signaling agents generated by phagocytes to inactivate pathogens. Although ROS/RNS’s central role in the biology of wound healing has long been appreciated, it was only until the recent decade that these agents were explicitly used to target defective wound healing using gas plasma technology. Gas plasma is a physical state of matter and is a partially ionized gas operated at body temperature which generates a plethora of ROS/RNS simultaneously in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Animal models of wound healing have been vital in driving the development of these wound healing-promoting technologies, and this review summarizes the current knowledge and identifies open ends derived from in vivo wound models under gas plasma therapy. While gas plasma-assisted wound healing in humans has become well established in Europe, veterinary medicine is an emerging field with great potential to improve the lives of suffering animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Greifswald University Medical Center, Sauerbruchstr., 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
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Busco G, Robert E, Chettouh-Hammas N, Pouvesle JM, Grillon C. The emerging potential of cold atmospheric plasma in skin biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:290-304. [PMID: 33039651 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of skin integrity is crucial to ensure the physiological barrier against exogenous compounds, microorganisms and dehydration but also to fulfill social and aesthetic purposes. Besides the development of new actives intended to enter a formulation, innovative technologies based on physical principles have been proposed in the last years. Among them, Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) technology, which already showed interesting results in dermatology, is currently being studied for its potential in skin treatments and cares. CAP bio-medical studies gather several different expertise ranging from physics to biology through chemistry and biochemistry, making this topic hard to pin. In this review we provide a broad survey of the interactions between CAP and skin. In the first section, we tried to give some fundamentals on skin structure and physiology, related to its essential functions, together with the main bases on cold plasma and its physicochemical properties. In the following parts we dissected and analyzed each CAP parameter to highlight the already known and the possible effects they can play on skin. This overview aims to get an idea of the potential of cold atmospheric plasma technology in skin biology for the future developments of dermo-cosmetic treatments, for example in aging prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Busco
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301, CNRS, 45071, Orléans, France; Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France.
| | - Eric Robert
- Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France
| | | | - Jean-Michel Pouvesle
- Groupe de Recherches sur l'Énergétique des Milieux Ionisés, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans/CNRS, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Grillon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301, CNRS, 45071, Orléans, France.
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