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Mao Y, Sun Y, Yang C. Compound Microalgae-Type Biofunctional Hydrogel for Wound Repair during Full-Thickness Skin Injuries. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:692. [PMID: 38475375 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A dual biofunctional hydrogel (HQCS-SP) wound dressing, offering antibacterial properties and a biological response, was innovatively designed and developed to repair full-layer skin defects. The HQCS-SP hydrogel creates an artificial matrix that facilitates cell recruitment, extracellular matrix deposition, exhibiting exceptional tissue affinity, robust self-healing, effective hemostatic capabilities and accelerates wound healing. It is synthesized by crosslinking modified chitosan (HQCS) with spirulina protein (SP) and Fe3+. The HQCS provides antibacterial, antioxidant, good tissue affinity and excellent hemostasis performance. The incorporation of SP not only reinforces the antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenesis effects but also participates in the regulation of signal pathways and promotes wound healing. Therefore, this study offers a new visual angle for the design of advanced functional trauma dressings with great application potential in the bio-medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yajuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Guo C, Wan L, Li C, Wen Y, Pan H, Zhao M, Wang J, Ma X, Nian Q, Tang J, Zeng J. Natural products for gastric carcinoma prevention and treatment: Focus on their antioxidant stress actions in the Correa's cascade. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155253. [PMID: 38065034 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correa's cascade is a pathological process beginning from gastritis to gastric precancerous lesions, and finally to gastric carcinoma (GC). While the pathogenesis of GC remains unclear, oxidative stress plays a prominent role throughout the entire Correa's cascade process. Studies have shown that some natural products (NPs) could halt and even reverse the development of the Correa's cascade by targeting oxidative stress. METHODS To review the effects and mechanism by which NPs inhibit the Correa's cascade through targeting oxidative stress, data were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from initial establishment to April 2023. NPs were classified and summarized by their mechanisms of action. RESULTS NPs, such as terpenoid, polyphenols and alkaloids, exert multistep antioxidant stress effects on the Correa's cascade. These effects include preventing gastric mucosal inflammation (stage 1), reversing gastric precancerous lesions (stage 2), and inhibiting gastric carcinoma (stage 3). NPs can directly impact the conversion of gastritis to GC by targeting oxidative stress and modulating signaling pathways involving IL-8, Nrf2, TNF-α, NF-κB, and ROS/MAPK. Among which polyphenols have been studied more and are of high research value. CONCLUSIONS NPs display a beneficial multi-step action on the Correa's cascade, and have potential value for clinical application in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer by regulating the level of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Guo
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lina Wan
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Chengen Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Ji L, Qiu S, Wang Z, Zhao C, Tang B, Gao Z, Fan J. Phycobiliproteins from algae: Current updates in sustainable production and applications in food and health. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112737. [PMID: 37087221 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Phycobiliproteins are light-harvesting complexes found mainly in cyanobacteria and red algae, playing a key role in photosynthesis. They are extensively applied in food, cosmetics, and biomedical industry due to bright color, unique fluorescence characteristics and diverse physiological activities. They have received much attention in the past few decades because of their green and sustainable production, safe application, and functional diversity. This work aimed to provide a comprehensive summary of parameters affecting the whole bioprocess with a special focus on the extraction and purification, which directly determines the application of phycobiliproteins. Food grade phycobiliproteins are easy to prepare, whereas analytical grade phycobiliproteins are extremely complex and costly to produce. Most phycobiliproteins are denatured and inactivated at high temperatures, severely limiting their application. Inspired by recent advances, future perspectives are put forward, including (1) the mutagenesis and screening of algal strains for higher phycobiliprotein productivity, (2) the application of omics and genetic engineering for stronger phycobiliprotein stability, and (3) the utilization of synthetic biology and heterologous expression systems for easier phycobiliprotein isolation. This review will give a reference for exploring more phycobiliproteins for food and health application development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Sheng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Chenni Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Bo Tang
- Nantong Focusee Biotechnology Company Ltd., Nantong, Jiangsu 226133, PR China
| | - Zhengquan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China.
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Liu J, Wang X, Zheng M, Luan Q. Oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts from periodontitis versus healthy counterparts. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1214-1225. [PMID: 34905275 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated p53 promotes oxidative stress and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liposaccharide (LPS)-treated healthy human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). This study compared oxidative stress, production of inflammatory cytokines, and p53 expression in HGFs from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy subjects in vitro upon LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis challenge. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were isolated from 6 biopsies-3 from healthy donors and 3 from diseased area in CP (Grade B, Stage III). HGFs were cultured with or without 1 μg/ml 24 h LPS. Oxidative stress was assessed by analyzing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration were determined by immunofluorescence and respirometry, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P53 expression was monitored by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited increased levels of mitochondrial p53, enhanced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as compared to HGFs from healthy donors. Moreover, LPS exacerbated these changes. CONCLUSION Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited stronger basal and LPS-inducible oxidative stress and inflammatory response as compared to HGFs from healthy subjects by increased p53 in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Phytol Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and Oxidative Stress through Nrf2/HO-1 Regulation in RANKL-Induced RAW264.7 Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223596. [PMID: 36429027 PMCID: PMC9688212 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder where osteoclasts are prevalent among osteoblasts. Oxidative stress is one of the main causes of osteoporosis, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the master regulator of antioxidant responses. Phytol, a diterpene isolated from Stevia rebaudiana leaves, has many biological effects, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the crosstalk between Nrf2 and osteoclast differentiation in the presence of phytol. Phytol inhibited osteoclast differentiation through TRAP-positive and F-actin formation. The expression of anti-nuclear factor of activated T cells-c1 (NFATc1) and c-Fos was suppressed by phytol, as shown using Western blot and RT-PCR analysis. Phytol inhibited oxidative stress by suppressing reactive oxidant species (ROS) accumulation while recovering antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase. Additionally, phytol ameliorated osteoclast-specific differentiation, function, and oxidative stress through Nrf2 regulation by siRNA transfection. In conclusion, these data demonstrate the inhibitory effect of phytol on osteoclast differentiation through Nrf2 regulation, suggesting its potential use in oxidative stress-related osteoporosis and bone diseases.
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Jadaun P, Seniya C, Pal SK, Kumar S, Kumar P, Nema V, Kulkarni SS, Mukherjee A. Elucidation of Antiviral and Antioxidant Potential of C-Phycocyanin against HIV-1 Infection through In Silico and In Vitro Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101942. [PMID: 36290665 PMCID: PMC9598530 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy is the single existing therapy for patients infected with HIV; however, it has drawbacks in terms of toxicity and resistance. Thus, there is a continuous need to explore safe and efficacious anti-retroviral agents. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a phycobiliprotein, which has been known for various biological properties; however, its effect on HIV-1 replication needs revelation. This study aimed to identify the inhibitory effects of C-PC on HIV-1 using in vitro and in silico approaches and to assess its role in the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) during HIV-1 infection. In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of C-PC was assessed on TZM-bl cells through luciferase gene assay against four different clades of HIV-1 strains in a dose-dependent manner. Results were confirmed in PBMCs, using the HIV-1 p24 antigen assay. Strong associations between C-PC and HIV-1 proteins were observed through in silico molecular simulation-based interactions, and the in vitro mechanistic study confirmed its target by inhibition of reverse transcriptase and protease enzymes. Additionally, the generation of mitochondrial ROS was detected by the MitoSOX and DCF-DA probe through confocal microscopy. Furthermore, our results confirmed that C-PC treatment notably subdued the fluorescence in the presence of the virus, thus reduction of ROS and the activation of caspase-3/7 in HIV-1-infected cells. Overall, our study suggests C-PC as a potent and broad in vitro antiviral and antioxidant agent against HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Jadaun
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (A.M.)
| | | | | | - Sanjit Kumar
- Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, TN, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, UP, India
| | - Vijay Nema
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India
| | | | - Anupam Mukherjee
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (A.M.)
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Tereticornate A suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via the downregulation of c-Src and TRAF6 and the inhibition of RANK signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113140. [PMID: 35605290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast differentiation and activation are closely associated with the development and progression of osteoporosis. Natural plant-derived compounds that can inhibit osteoclastogenesis are an efficient strategy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Tereticornate A (TA) is a natural terpene ester compound extracted from the leaves and branches of Eucalyptus gracilis, with antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of TA on osteoclastogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. Based on the key role of the NF-κB pathway in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and the observation that TA exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-κB activity, we speculated that TA could exert anti-osteoclastogenesis activity. Herein, TA could inhibit the RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and formation of F-actin rings in RAW 264.7 cells. Mechanistically, TA downregulated the expression of c-Src and TRAF6, and also suppressed the RANKL-stimulated canonical RANK signaling pathways, including AKT, MAPK (p38, JNK, and ERK), and NF-κB; ultimately, downregulating the expression of NFATc1 and c-Fos, the key transcriptional factors required for the expression of genes (e.g., TRAP, cathepsin K, β-Integrin, MMP-9, ATP6V0D2, and DC-STAMP) that govern osteoclastogenesis. Our findings demonstrated that TA could effectively inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via the downregulation of c-Src and TRAF6 and the inhibition of RANK signaling pathways. Thus, TA could serve as a novel osteoclastogenesis inhibitor and might have beneficial effects on bone health.
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Xiang X, Gao W, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Lu T, Gan S, Huang J, Li Z, Huang L, Liao Y, Wang L, Zhang J. Study on promoting regeneration of zebrafish skull by phycocyanin characterized by in vivo optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100333. [PMID: 35044723 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the efficacy of phycocyanin in bone defect repairing was tested on a zebrafish skull defect model, and the evaluating process was monitored in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thirty zebrafish were randomly divided into three groups, which were immersed in water and phycocyanin solution (50 and 100 mg/L) after skull defect creating. All zebrafish were examined by OCT immediately after craniotomy, and on the 10th and 20th days of phycocyanin treatment. All the model fish were euthanized to enable a histological evaluation of skull after 20 days of recovery. OCT images demonstrated that phycocyanin (50 mg/L) could repair a cranial defect within 20 days. A high concentration (100 mg/L) of phycocyanin may favor the recovery of bone abnormalities in 10 days, but with the extended treatment time to 20 days, a deformation of the skull occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijian Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Gan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziling Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Zhang B, Luo C, Xiao W. Induction of osteoclast formation by LOX mutant (LOXG473A) through regulation of autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1474. [PMID: 34734026 PMCID: PMC8506719 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Lysyl oxidase (LOX) has been identified to modulate osteoclast activity, so we explored the role of LOXG473A, the highest frequency single nucleotide polymorphism in LOX, in osteoclast formation and its potential relationship to autophagy. Methods The ability of the LOX mutant, LOXG473A, to promote autophagy and osteoclast formation was evaluated in the pre-osteoclast cell line RAW264.7. Furthermore, autophagy-related protein expression and autophagosomes were detected by western blot and electron microscopy, respectively. Simultaneously, osteoclast formation and resorption ability were also detected using TRAP staining assay and bone resorption assay. In addition, the osteoclast-related proteins and mRNAs, as well as p-AMPKα and p-mTOR proteins, were further evaluated by western blot and qPCR assays. Results Autophagy inhibitor 3-MA suppressed the Beclin-1 and ATG5 protein levels and the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I, as well as autophagosome formation in RAW264.7 transfected with the MUT plasmid and enhanced p62 protein expression. Simultaneously, 3-MA also reduced osteoclast formation and resorption, as well as the F-actin ring level of osteoclasts. In addition, 3-MA inhibited osteoclast-related protein and mRNA expression, including NFATC1, ACP5, CTSK. And the autophagy-related pathway protein p-AMPKα was increased and p-mTOR was reduced by 3-MA treatment. However, autophagy agonist RAPA reversed the effect of 3-MA on RAW264.7 with LOXG473A mutation, indicating that promoting autophagy could enhance the ability of LOXG473A to induce osteoclast formation. Conclusions LOX mutant (LOXG473A) might promote osteoclast formation for RAW264.7 by enhancing autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway, which is a new direction for bone disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Aljohani H, Senbanjo LT, Al Qranei M, Stains JP, Chellaiah MA. Methylsulfonylmethane Increases the Alveolar Bone Density of Mandibles in Aging Female Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:708905. [PMID: 34671266 PMCID: PMC8521043 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.708905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory compound that effectively treats multiple degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis and acute pancreatitis. Our previous studies have demonstrated the ability of MSM to differentiate stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth into osteoblast-like cells. This study examined the systemic effect of MSM in 36-week-old aging C57BL/6 female mice in vivo by injecting MSM for 13 weeks. Serum analyses showed an increase in expression levels of bone formation markers [osteocalcin (OCN) and procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)] and a reduction in bone resorption markers [tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collag (CTX-I)] in MSM-injected animals. Micro-computed tomographic images demonstrated an increase in trabecular bone density in mandibles. The trabecular bone density tended to be higher in the femur, although the increase was not significantly different between the MSM- and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected mice. In mandibles, an increase in bone density with a corresponding decrease in the marrow cavity was observed in the MSM-injected mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses of the mandibles for the osteoblast-specific marker - OCN, and the mesenchymal stem cell-specific marker - CD105 showed a significant increase and decrease in OCN and CD105 positive cells, respectively. Areas of bone loss were observed in the inter-radicular region of mandibles in control mice. However, this loss was considerably decreased due to stimulation of bone formation in response to MSM injection. In conclusion, our study has demonstrated the ability of MSM to induce osteoblast formation and function in vivo, resulting in increased bone formation in the mandible. Hence, the application of MSM and stem cells of interest may be the right combination in alveolar bone regeneration under periodontal or other related diseases that demonstrate bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Aljohani
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linda T Senbanjo
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mohammed Al Qranei
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph P Stains
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Meenakshi A Chellaiah
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Chellaiah MA. L-Plastin Phosphorylation: Possible Regulation by a TNFR1 Signaling Cascade in Osteoclasts. Cells 2021; 10:2432. [PMID: 34572081 PMCID: PMC8464874 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling regulates phosphorylation of L-plastin, which is involved in forming the nascent sealing zone, a precursor zone for the matured sealing ring. This study aimed to illustrate the molecular mechanisms of L-plastin phosphorylation and the subsequent formation of the nascent sealing zone in osteoclasts treated with TNF-α. Here, we report that anti-TNF-receptor 1, inhibitors of signaling proteins (Src, PI3-K, Rho, and Rho-kinase), and siRNA of TRAF-6 attenuated the phosphorylation of LPL and filamentous actin content significantly in the presence of TNF-α. An inhibitor of integrin αvβ3, PKC, or PKA did not inhibit TNF-α-induced L-plastin phosphorylation. Inhibitors of Src and PI3-K and not Rho or Rho-kinase reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of TRAF-6, suggesting that Src and PI3-K regulate TRAF-6 phosphorylation, and Rho and Rho-kinase are downstream of TRAF-6 regulation. Osteoclasts expressing constitutively active or kinase-defective Src proteins were used to determine the role of Src on L-plastin phosphorylation; similarly, the effect of Rho was confirmed by transducing TAT-fused constitutively active (V14) or dominant-negative (N19) Rho proteins into osteoclasts. Pull-down analysis with glutathione S-transferase-fused SH2 and SH3 domains of Src and PI3-K demonstrated coprecipitation of L-plastin and TRAF-6 with the SH3 and SH2 domains of the PI3-K and Src proteins. However, the actual order of the interaction of proteins requires further elucidation; a comprehensive screening should corroborate the initial findings of protein interactions via the SH2/SH3 domains. Ultimately, inhibition of the interaction of proteins with SH2/SH3 could reduce L-plastin phosphorylation and affect NSZ formation and bone resorption in conditions that display osteoclast activation and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi A Chellaiah
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Xu H, Xu J, Chen F, Liu T, Li J, Jiang L, Jia Y, Hu C, Gao Z, Gan C, Hu L, Wang X, Sheng J. Acanthopanax senticosus aqueous extract ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in middle-aged mice by inhibiting the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis. Food Funct 2021; 11:9696-9709. [PMID: 33057520 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acanthopanax senticosus (Ciwujia) has broad-spectrum pharmacological activities, including osteoprotective effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. We investigated whether Acanthopanax senticosus aqueous extract (ASAE) ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in middle-aged mice through inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. In vitro, ASAE significantly suppressed the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclast differentiation and formation of F-actin rings by downregulating the expression of the nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), c-Fos, and osteoclastogenesis-related marker genes and proteins, including c-Src, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, β3-integrin, and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9). This was achieved by inhibiting RANK signaling pathways, including p65, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38 in osteoclast precursors. In vivo, ASAE markedly ameliorated bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) middle-aged mice. ASAE significantly inhibited the serum levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) and RANKL, whereas it increased those of osteocalcin, procollagen 1 N-terminal peptide (P1NP), and osteoprotegerin in OVX mice. ASAE significantly inhibited the OVX-induced expression of osteoclast-specific proteins and genes in the femur. In conclusion, ASAE prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in middle-aged mice by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through suppression of RANK signaling pathways and could be potentially used in mediated treatment of osteoclast-related diseases (e.g., osteoporosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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AlQranei MS, Senbanjo LT, Aljohani H, Hamza T, Chellaiah MA. Lipopolysaccharide- TLR-4 Axis regulates Osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL/RANK signaling. BMC Immunol 2021; 22:23. [PMID: 33765924 PMCID: PMC7995782 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-021-00409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin and a vital component of gram-negative bacteria's outer membrane. During gram-negative bacterial sepsis, LPS regulates osteoclast differentiation and activity, in addition to increasing inflammation. This study aimed to investigate how LPS regulates osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. RESULTS Herein, we revealed that RAW cells failed to differentiate into mature osteoclasts in vitro in the presence of LPS. However, differentiation occurred in cells primed with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) for 24 h and then treated with LPS for 48 h (henceforth, denoted as LPS-treated cells). In cells treated with either RANKL or LPS, an increase in membrane levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptor was observed. Mechanistically, an inhibitor of TLR4 (TAK-242) reduced the number of osteoclasts as well as the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in LPS-treated cells. RANKL-induced RAW cells secreted a very basal level TNF-α. TAK-242 did not affect RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Increased osteoclast differentiation in LPS-treated osteoclasts was not associated with the RANKL/RANK/OPG axis but connected with the LPS/TLR4/TNF-α tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-2 axis. We postulate that this is because TAK-242 and a TNF-α antibody suppress osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, an antibody against TNF-α reduced membrane levels of TNFR-2. Secreted TNF-α appears to function as an autocrine/ paracrine factor in the induction of osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL. CONCLUSION TNF-α secreted via LPS/TLR4 signaling regulates osteoclastogenesis in macrophages primed with RANKL and then treated with LPS. Our findings suggest that TLR4/TNF-α might be a potential target to suppress bone loss associated with inflammatory bone diseases, including periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S AlQranei
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linda T Senbanjo
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hanan Aljohani
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostics Sciences, King Saud University, School of Dentistry, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Therwa Hamza
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Meenakshi A Chellaiah
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, 650 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Niu YB, Yang YY, Xiao X, Sun Y, Zhou YM, Zhang YH, Dong D, Li CR, Wu XL, Li YH, Mei QB. Quercetin prevents bone loss in hindlimb suspension mice via stanniocalcin 1-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1476-1486. [PMID: 32934346 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that diet quercetin (Quer) has obvious bone protective effects on ovariectomized rodents but thus far there is no direct evidence to support the inhibitory effect of Quer on bone loss caused by long-term unloading. In the present study, we investigated whether Quer could prevent bone loss induced by unloading in mice. Mice were subjected to hindlimb suspension (HLS) and received Quer (25, 50, 100 mg· kg-1 ·day-1, ig) for 4 weeks. Before euthanasia blood sample was collected; the femurs were harvested and subjected to MicroCT analysis. We showed that Quer administration markedly improved bone microstructure evidenced by dose-dependently reversing the reduction in bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular number, and bone mineral density, and the increase of trabecular spacing in mice with HLS. Analysis of serum markers and bone histometric parameters confirmed that Quer at both middle and high doses significantly decreased bone resorption-related markers collagen type I and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, and increased bone formation-related marker procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide as compared with HLS group. Treatment with Quer (1, 2, 5 μM) dose-dependently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through promoting the expression of antioxidant hormone stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) and decreasing ROS generation; knockdown of STC1 blocked the inhibitory effect of Quer on ROS generation. Knockdown of STC1 also significantly promoted osteoclastogenesis in primary osteoclasts. In conclusion, Quer protects bones and prevents unloading-caused bone loss in mice through STC1-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. The findings suggest that Quer has the potential to prevent and treat off-load bone loss as an alternative supplement.
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Balhaddad AA, AlQranei MS, Ibrahim MS, Weir MD, Martinho FC, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Light Energy Dose and Photosensitizer Concentration Are Determinants of Effective Photo-Killing against Caries-Related Biofilms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207612. [PMID: 33076241 PMCID: PMC7589159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries-related biofilms and associated complications are significant threats in dentistry, especially when biofilms grow over dental restorations. The inhibition of cariogenic biofilm associated with the onset of carious lesions is crucial for preventing disease recurrence after treatment. This in vitro study defined optimized parameters for using a photosensitizer, toluidine blue O (TBO), activated via a red light-emitting diode (LED)-based wireless device to control the growth of cariogenic biofilms. The effect of TBO concentrations (50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) exposed to light or incubated in the dark was investigated in successive cytotoxicity assays. Then, a mature Streptococcus mutans biofilm model under sucrose challenge was treated with different TBO concentrations (50, 100, and 150 μg/mL), different light energy doses (36, 108, and 180 J/cm2), and different incubation times before irradiation (1, 3, and 5 min). The untreated biofilm, irradiation with no TBO, and TBO incubation with no activation represented the controls. After treatments, biofilms were analyzed via S. mutans colony-forming units (CFUs) and live/dead assay. The percentage of cell viability was within the normal range compared to the control when 50 and 100 μg/mL of TBO were used. Increasing the TBO concentration and energy dose was associated with biofilm inhibition (p < 0.001), while increasing incubation time did not contribute to bacterial elimination (p > 0.05). Irradiating the S. mutans biofilm via 100 μg/mL of TBO and ≈180 J/cm2 energy dose resulted in ≈3-log reduction and a higher amount of dead/compromised S. mutans colonies in live/dead assay compared to the control (p < 0.001). The light energy dose and TBO concentration optimized the bacterial elimination of S. mutans biofilms. These results provide a perspective on the determining parameters for highly effective photo-killing of caries-related biofilms and display the limitations imposed by the toxicity of the antibacterial photodynamic therapy’s chemical components. Future studies should support investigations on new approaches to improve or overcome the constraints of opportunities offered by photodynamic inactivation of caries-related biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. AlQranei
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria S. Ibrahim
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Frederico C. Martinho
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (H.H.K.X.); (M.A.S.M.)
| | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- Ph.D. Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.I.); (M.D.W.); (F.C.M.)
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (H.H.K.X.); (M.A.S.M.)
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Tabarzad M, Atabaki V, Hosseinabadi T. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae and Cyanobacteria by Focusing on the Mechanisms of Action. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6193-6205. [PMID: 32557174 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are the potentially valuable source of bioactive compounds applied in the various industries and human usage in different fields of pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic disciplines. One of the interesting aspects is their application as the anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of inflammation related mal-conditions. Natural compounds are of great importance in the treatment of inflammations to reduce the reaction of immune system against pathogens, toxic compounds and damaged cells. A wide range of different metabolites with various chemical structures, including small molecules and peptides and proteins, polysaccharides, fatty acids and their derivatives have been found in microalgae and cyanobacteria which have anti-inflammatory activity. In this review, we summarized different metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity that were extracted from these microorganisms and their mechanisms. The bioactive compounds from microalgae and cyanobacteria have exhibited anti-inflammatory activity through different mechanisms acting intra- or extra- cellularly. So, they could be considered as promising anti-inflammatory agents in treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Atabaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Hosseinabadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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