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Warioba CS, Liu M, Peñano S, Carroll TJ, Foxley S, Christoforidis G. Efficacy Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion Augmentation through Functional Connectivity in an Acute Canine Stroke Model. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024:ajnr.A8320. [PMID: 38684318 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ischemic stroke disrupts functional connectivity within the brain's resting-state networks (RSNs), impacting recovery. This study evaluates the effects of norepinephrine and hydralazine (NEH), a cerebral perfusion augmentation therapy, on RSN integrity in a hyperacute canine stroke model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen adult purpose-bred mongrel canines, divided into treatment and control (natural history) groups, underwent endovascular induction of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Postocclusion, the treatment group received intra-arterial norepinephrine (0.1-1.52 µg/kg/min, adjusted for 25-45 mm Hg above baseline mean arterial pressure) and hydralazine (20 mg). Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data were acquired with a 3T scanner by using a blood oxygen level dependent-EPI sequence (TR/TE = 1400 ms/20 ms, 2.5 mm slices, 300 temporal positions). Preprocessing included motion correction, spatial smoothing (2.5 mm full width at half maximum), and high-pass filtering (0.01 Hz cutoff). Functional connectivity within RSNs were analyzed through group-level independent component analysis and weighted whole-brain ROI-to-ROI connectome, pre- and post-MCAO. RESULTS NEH therapy significantly maintained connectivity post-MCAO in the higher-order visual and parietal RSNs, as evidenced by thresholded statistical mapping (threshold-free cluster enhancement P corr > .95). However, this preservation was network-dependent, with no significant (P corr < .95) changes in the primary visual and sensorimotor networks. CONCLUSIONS NEH demonstrates potential as a proof-of-concept therapy for maintaining RSN functional connectivity after ischemic stroke, emphasizing the therapeutic promise of perfusion augmentation. These insights reinforce the role of functional connectivity as a measurable end point for stroke intervention efficacy, suggesting clinical translatability for patients with insufficient collateral circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisondi S Warioba
- From the Department of Radiology (C.S.W., M.L., S.P., T.J.C., S.F.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mira Liu
- From the Department of Radiology (C.S.W., M.L., S.P., T.J.C., S.F.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sagada Peñano
- From the Department of Radiology (C.S.W., M.L., S.P., T.J.C., S.F.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Timothy J Carroll
- From the Department of Radiology (C.S.W., M.L., S.P., T.J.C., S.F.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sean Foxley
- From the Department of Radiology (C.S.W., M.L., S.P., T.J.C., S.F.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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2
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Yang CC, Yap PT, Wu Y, Zidan N, Fefer G, Nelson NC, Gruen ME, Olby NJ. Voxelwise analysis of the central hearing pathway in senior dogs reveals changes associated with fractional lifespan. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18121. [PMID: 39103441 PMCID: PMC11300839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, affects both elderly humans and dogs, significantly impairing their social interactions and cognition. In humans, presbycusis involves changes in peripheral and central auditory systems, with central changes potentially occurring independently. While peripheral presbycusis in dogs is well-documented, research on central changes remains limited. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a useful tool for detecting and quantifying cerebral white matter abnormalities. This study used DTI to explore the central auditory pathway of senior dogs, aiming to enhance our understanding of canine presbycusis. Dogs beyond 75% of their expected lifespan were recruited and screened with brainstem auditory evoked response testing to select dogs without severe peripheral hearing loss. Sixteen dogs meeting the criteria were scanned using a 3 T magnetic resonance scanner. Tract-based spatial statistics was used to analyze the central auditory pathways. A significant negative correlation between fractional lifespan and fractional anisotropy was found in the acoustic radiation, suggesting age-related white matter changes in the central auditory system. These changes, observed in dogs without severe peripheral hearing loss, may contribute to central presbycusis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chieh Yang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Pew-Thian Yap
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ye Wu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Natalia Zidan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gilad Fefer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Nathan C Nelson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Margaret E Gruen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Natasha J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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3
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Al Aiyan A, Balan R, Ghebrehiwot E, Mihreteab Y, Zerom S, Gebreigziabiher S, AlDarwich A, Willingham AL, Kishore U. Mapping of the exterior architecture of the mesocephalic canine brain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17147. [PMID: 39060275 PMCID: PMC11282252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive studies published on the canine brain, inconsistencies and disagreements in the nomenclature and representation of various cerebral structures continue to exist. This study aimed to create a comprehensive mapping of the external architecture of the mesocephalic canine brain with a focus on the major gyri and sulci. Standardized dissection techniques were used on 20 ethically sourced brains obtained from 6 to 10-year-old dogs that were free of neurological disorders. Distinct gyri and sulci with unique locations and bordering structures were observed. Thus, it was possible to identify the often-ignored subprorean gyrus. In addition, this study was able to illustrate the unique locations and bordering structures of gyri and sulci. The findings can contribute to a consensus among researchers on the canine brain anatomy and assist in clarifying the inconsistencies in cerebral structure representation. Furthermore, the results of this study may hold significant implications for veterinary medicine and neuroscience and serve as a foundation for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for various neurological diseases in dogs. Our findings offer valuable insights into the unique evolutionary adaptations and specialized behaviors of the canine brain, thereby increasing awareness about the neural structures that enable dogs to demonstrate their unique traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Aiyan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rinsha Balan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Even Ghebrehiwot
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yotam Mihreteab
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Simona Zerom
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Senit Gebreigziabiher
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adnan AlDarwich
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arve Lee Willingham
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uday Kishore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Warioba CS, Carroll TJ, Christoforidis G. Flow augmentation therapies preserve brain network integrity and hemodynamics in a canine permanent occlusion model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16871. [PMID: 39043723 PMCID: PMC11266609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The acute phase of ischemic stroke presents a critical window for therapeutic intervention, where novel approaches such as hyper-acute cerebral flow augmentation offer promising avenues for neuroprotection. In this study, we investigated the effects of two such therapies, NEH (a combination of norepinephrine and hydralazine) and Sanguinate (pegylated bovine carboxyhemoglobin), on resting-state functional connectivity, global mean signal (GMS), and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) time lag in a pre-clinical canine model of stroke via permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (total of n = 40 IACUC-approved mongrel canines randomly split into control/natural history and two treatment groups). Utilizing group independent component analysis (ICA), we identified and examined the integrity of sensorimotor and visual networks both pre- and post-occlusion, across treatment and control groups. Our results demonstrated that while the control group exhibited significant disruptions in these networks following stroke, the treatment groups showed remarkable preservation of network integrity. Voxel-wise functional connectivity analysis revealed less pronounced alterations in the treatment groups, suggesting maintained neural connections. Notably, the treatments stabilized GMS, with only minimal reductions observed post-occlusion compared to significant decreases in the control group. Furthermore, BOLD time-lag unity plots indicated that NEH and Sanguinate maintained consistent hemodynamic response timing, as evidenced by tighter clustering around the line of unity, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect. These findings were underscored by robust statistical analyses, including paired T-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests, which confirmed the significance of the connectivity changes observed. The correlation of BOLD time-lag variations with neuroimaging functional biomarkers highlighted the impact of stroke and the efficacy of early therapeutic interventions. Our study supports the further study of flow augmentation therapies such as NEH and Sanguinate in stroke treatment protocols and suggests flow augmentation therapies should be further explored in an effort to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisondi S Warioba
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60615, USA.
| | - Timothy J Carroll
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60615, USA
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5
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Boch M, Huber L, Lamm C. Domestic dogs as a comparative model for social neuroscience: Advances and challenges. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105700. [PMID: 38710423 PMCID: PMC7616343 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Dogs and humans have lived together for thousands of years and share many analogous socio-cognitive skills. Dog neuroimaging now provides insight into the neural bases of these shared social abilities. Here, we summarize key findings from dog fMRI identifying neocortical brain areas implicated in visual social cognition, such as face, body, and emotion perception, as well as action observation in dogs. These findings provide converging evidence that the temporal cortex plays a significant role in visual social cognition in dogs. We further briefly review investigations into the neural base of the dog-human relationship, mainly involving limbic brain regions. We then discuss current challenges in the field, such as statistical power and lack of common template spaces, and how to overcome them. Finally, we argue that the foundation has now been built to investigate and compare the neural bases of more complex socio-cognitive phenomena shared by dogs and humans. This will strengthen and expand the role of the domestic dog as a powerful comparative model species and provide novel insights into the evolutionary roots of social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Boch
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria; Department of Cognitive Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Ludwig Huber
- Comparative Cognition, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Claus Lamm
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria; Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria
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6
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Rogers CB, Meller S, Meyerhoff N, Volk HA. Canine Electroencephalography Electrode Positioning Using a Neuronavigation System. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1539. [PMID: 38891586 PMCID: PMC11171057 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in people suggest that surface electroencephalography (EEG) electrode positions vary across participants and that the consistency of these positions is electrode-, region-, and examiner-dependent. The aim was to investigate the variability in EEG electrode positions to their underlying cortical regions (CRs) in dogs using a neuronavigation system and evaluate the use of said system in electrode positioning, via a cadaver study with 22 dogs. CT scans and MRI were performed for each dog. These were uploaded onto a neuronavigation system where the desired CRs were annotated. The electrode positions were marked on the heads, which were positioned using only a previously established guide and anatomical landmarks. Using the neuronavigation system, alignment or deviations from the desired CRs were noted. Fifty-three percent of all the marked electrode positions showed an alignment with the desired CRs. Thirty-three percent showed no alignment, and fourteen percent showed partial alignment. Three percent deviated to different cortical lobes. Placement via the neuronavigation system enabled reliable and replicable electrode positioning and CR alignment. The standard for EEG electrode placement in dogs is subjected to a high variance. A neuronavigation system can aid in more precise electrode placements. Specific gyri cannot accurately be evaluated on EEG without imaging-controlled electrode placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Beatrice Rogers
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (C.B.R.); (S.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Sebastian Meller
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (C.B.R.); (S.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Nina Meyerhoff
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (C.B.R.); (S.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Holger Andreas Volk
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (C.B.R.); (S.M.); (N.M.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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7
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Noche JA, Radhakrishnan H, Ubele MF, Boaz K, Mefford JL, Jones ED, van Rooyen HY, Perpich JA, McCarty K, Meacham B, Smiley J, Bembenek Bailey SA, Puskás LG, Powell DK, Sordo L, Phelan MJ, Norris CM, Head E, Stark CEL. Age-Related Brain Atrophy and the Positive Effects of Behavioral Enrichment in Middle-Aged Beagles. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2366232024. [PMID: 38561226 PMCID: PMC11097262 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2366-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging dogs serve as a valuable preclinical model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to their natural age-related development of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, human-like metabolism, and large brains that are ideal for studying structural brain aging trajectories from serial neuroimaging. Here we examined the effects of chronic treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) tacrolimus or the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-inhibiting compound Q134R on age-related canine brain atrophy from a longitudinal study in middle-aged beagles (36 females, 7 males) undergoing behavioral enrichment. Annual MRI was analyzed using modern, automated techniques for region-of-interest-based and voxel-based volumetric assessments. We found that the frontal lobe showed accelerated atrophy with age, while the caudate nucleus remained relatively stable. Remarkably, the hippocampus increased in volume in all dogs. None of these changes were influenced by tacrolimus or Q134R treatment. Our results suggest that behavioral enrichment can prevent atrophy and increase the volume of the hippocampus but does not prevent aging-associated prefrontal cortex atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamsanandini Radhakrishnan
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | | | - Kathy Boaz
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
| | | | - Erin D Jones
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lorena Sordo
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697
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8
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Lozano D, López JM, Chinarro A, Morona R, Moreno N. A detailed 3D MRI brain atlas of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7999. [PMID: 38580713 PMCID: PMC10997765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evolutionary analyses is still in its incipient stage, however, it is particularly useful as it allows us to analyze detailed anatomical images and compare brains of rare or otherwise inaccessible species, evolutionarily contextualizing possible differences, while at the same time being non-invasive. A good example is the lungfishes, sarcopterygians that are the closest living relatives of tetrapods and thus have an interesting phylogenetic position in the evolutionary conquest of the terrestrial environment. In the present study, we have developed a three-dimensional representation of the brain of the lungfish Protopterus annectens together with a rostrocaudal anatomical atlas. This methodological approach provides a clear delineation of the major brain subdivisions of this model and allows to measure both brain and ventricular volumes. Our results confirm that lungfish show neuroanatomical patterns reminiscent of those of extant basal sarcopterygians, with an evaginated telencephalon, and distinctive characters like a small optic tectum. These and additional characters uncover lungfish as a remarkable model to understand the origins of tetrapod diversity, indicating that their brain may contain significant clues to the characters of the brain of ancestral tetrapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lozano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús M López
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Chinarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Morona
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Wei S, Jiang A, Sun H, Zhu J, Jia S, Liu X, Xu Z, Zhang J, Shang Y, Fu X, Li G, Wang P, Xia Z, Jiang T, Cao A, Duan X. Shape-changing electrode array for minimally invasive large-scale intracranial brain activity mapping. Nat Commun 2024; 15:715. [PMID: 38267440 PMCID: PMC10808108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-scale brain activity mapping is important for understanding the neural basis of behaviour. Electrocorticograms (ECoGs) have high spatiotemporal resolution, bandwidth, and signal quality. However, the invasiveness and surgical risks of electrode array implantation limit its application scope. We developed an ultrathin, flexible shape-changing electrode array (SCEA) for large-scale ECoG mapping with minimal invasiveness. SCEAs were inserted into cortical surfaces in compressed states through small openings in the skull or dura and fully expanded to cover large cortical areas. MRI and histological studies on rats proved the minimal invasiveness of the implantation process and the high chronic biocompatibility of the SCEAs. High-quality micro-ECoG activities mapped with SCEAs from male rodent brains during seizures and canine brains during the emergence period revealed the spatiotemporal organization of different brain states with resolution and bandwidth that cannot be achieved using existing noninvasive techniques. The biocompatibility and ability to map large-scale physiological and pathological cortical activities with high spatiotemporal resolution, bandwidth, and signal quality in a minimally invasive manner offer SCEAs as a superior tool for applications ranging from fundamental brain research to brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Anqi Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongji Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingjun Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengyi Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Puxin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Centre, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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10
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Nitzsche B, Schulze S, Boltze J, Schmidt MJ. Reduced cingulate gyrus volume in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with syringomyelia and neuropathic pain revealed by voxel-based morphometry: a pilot study. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1175953. [PMID: 37529422 PMCID: PMC10389659 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1175953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Pathomorphological alterations of the central nervous system in dogs, such as syringomyelia and Chiari-like malformation, can cause cranial and cervical hyperesthesia and neuropathic pain. The long-term activity of the pain network can induce functional alteration and eventually even morphological changes in the pain network. This may happen especially in the prefrontal and cingulate cortex, where atrophy of the gray matter (GM) was observed in humans with chronic pain, irrespective of the nature of the pain syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with Chiari-like malformation and associated syringomyelia (SM) and pain show cerebral morphological differences compared to animals without signs of syringomyelia and pain. Methods Volumetric datasets of 28 different brain structures were analyzed in a retrospective manner, including voxel-based morphometry, using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 41 dogs. Results Volumetric analyses revealed a decrease in GM volumes in the cingulate gyrus (CG) in CKCS with SM and chronic pain when normalized to brain volume. This finding was supported by voxel-based morphometry, which showed a cluster of significance within the CG. Conclusion GM atrophy in the CG is associated with chronic pain and thus may serve as an objective readout parameter for the diagnosis or treatment of canine pain syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Nitzsche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Clinical Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schulze
- Small Animal Clinic, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Schmidt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Clinical Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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11
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Chen Q, Xu Y, Christiaen E, Wu GR, De Witte S, Vanhove C, Saunders J, Peremans K, Baeken C. Structural connectome alterations in anxious dogs: a DTI-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9946. [PMID: 37337053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and fear are dysfunctional behaviors commonly observed in domesticated dogs. Although dogs and humans share psychopathological similarities, little is known about how dysfunctional fear behaviors are represented in brain networks in dogs diagnosed with anxiety disorders. A combination of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph theory was used to investigate the underlying structural connections of dysfunctional anxiety in anxious dogs and compared with healthy dogs with normal behavior. The degree of anxiety was assessed using the Canine Behavioral Assessment & Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ), a widely used, validated questionnaire for abnormal behaviors in dogs. Anxious dogs showed significantly decreased clustering coefficient ([Formula: see text]), decreased global efficiency ([Formula: see text]), and increased small-worldness (σ) when compared with healthy dogs. The nodal parameters that differed between the anxious dogs and healthy dogs were mainly located in the posterior part of the brain, including the occipital lobe, posterior cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, mesencephalon, and cerebellum. Furthermore, the nodal degree ([Formula: see text]) of the left cerebellum was significantly negatively correlated with "excitability" in the C-BARQ of anxious dogs. These findings could contribute to the understanding of a disrupted brain structural connectome underlying the pathological mechanisms of anxiety-related disorders in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Chen
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Yangfeng Xu
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Emma Christiaen
- Medical Image and Signal Processing (MEDISIP), Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guo-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sara De Witte
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Bru-BRAIN, University Hospital (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuroprotection & Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- Medical Image and Signal Processing (MEDISIP), Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jimmy Saunders
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Kathelijne Peremans
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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Rogers Flattery CN, Abdulla M, Barton SA, Michlich JM, Trut LN, Kukekova AV, Hecht EE. The brain of the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes): a neuroanatomical reference of cell-stained histological and MRI images. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1177-1189. [PMID: 37160458 PMCID: PMC11192273 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) has been largely overlooked by neuroscientists, it has the potential to serve as a powerful model for the investigation of brain-behavior relationships. The silver fox is a melanistic variant of the red fox. Within this species, the long-running Russian farm-fox experiment has resulted in different strains bred to show divergent behavior. Strains bred for tameness, aggression, or without selection on behavior present an excellent opportunity to investigate neuroanatomical changes underlying behavioral characteristics. Here, we present a histological and MRI neuroanatomical reference of a fox from the conventional strain, which is bred without behavioral selection. This can provide an anatomical basis for future studies of the brains of foxes from this particular experiment, as well as contribute to an understanding of fox brains in general. In addition, this can serve as a resource for comparative neuroscience and investigations into neuroanatomical variation among the family Canidae, the order Carnivora, and mammals more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munawwar Abdulla
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Sophie A Barton
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jenny M Michlich
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lyudmila N Trut
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna V Kukekova
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of ACES, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Erin E Hecht
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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13
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Nour Eddin J, Dorez H, Curcio V. Automatic brain extraction and brain tissues segmentation on multi-contrast animal MRI. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6416. [PMID: 37076580 PMCID: PMC10115851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
For many neuroscience applications, brain extraction in MRI images is the first pre-processing step of a quantification pipeline. Once the brain is extracted, further post-processing calculations become faster, more specific and easier to implement and interpret. It is the case, for example, of functional MRI brain studies, or relaxation time mappings and brain tissues classifications to characterise brain pathologies. Existing brain extraction tools are mostly adapted to work on the human anatomy, this gives poor results when applied to animal brain images. We have developed an atlas-based Veterinary Images Brain Extraction (VIBE) algorithm that encompasses a pre-processing step to adapt the atlas to the patient's image, and a subsequent registration step. We show that the brain extraction is achieved with excellent results in terms of Dice and Jaccard metrics. The algorithm is automatic, with no need to adapt the parameters in a broad range of situations: we successfully tested multiple MRI contrasts (T1-weighted, T2-weighted, T2-weighted FLAIR), all the acquisition planes (sagittal, dorsal, transverse), different animal species (dogs and cats) and canine cranial conformations (brachycephalic, mesocephalic, dolichocephalic). VIBE can be successfully extended to other animal species, provided that an atlas for that specific species exists. We show also how brain extraction, as a preliminary step, can help to segment brain tissues with a K-Means clustering algorithm.
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14
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Szabó D, Janosov M, Czeibert K, Gácsi M, Kubinyi E. Central nodes of canine functional brain networks are concentrated in the cingulate gyrus. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:831-843. [PMID: 36995432 PMCID: PMC10147816 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the field of human fMRI, knowledge about functional networks in dogs is scarce. In this paper, we present the first anatomically-defined ROI (region of interest) based functional network map of the companion dog brain. We scanned 33 awake dogs in a "task-free condition". Our trained subjects, similarly to humans, remain willingly motionless during scanning. Our goal is to provide a reference map with a current best estimate for the organisation of the cerebral cortex as measured by functional connectivity. The findings extend a previous spatial ICA (independent component analysis) study (Szabo et al. in Sci Rep 9(1):1.25. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51752-2 , 2019), with the current study including (1) more subjects and (2) improved scanning protocol to avoid asymmetric lateral distortions. In dogs, similarly to humans (Sacca et al. in J Neurosci Methods. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109084 , 2021), ageing resulted in increasing framewise displacement (i.e. head motion) in the scanner. Despite the inherently different approaches between model-free ICA and model-based ROI, the resulting functional networks show a remarkable similarity. However, in the present study, we did not detect a designated auditory network. Instead, we identified two highly connected, lateralised multi-region networks extending to non-homotropic regions (Sylvian L, Sylvian R), including the respective auditory regions, together with the associative and sensorimotor cortices and the insular cortex. The attention and control networks were not split into two fully separated, dedicated networks. Overall, in dogs, fronto-parietal networks and hubs were less dominant than in humans, with the cingulate gyrus playing a central role. The current manuscript provides the first attempt to map whole-brain functional networks in dogs via a model-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Szabó
- Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Milán Janosov
- Department of Network and Data Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Czeibert
- Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta Gácsi
- Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-ELTE Comparative Ethology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Kubinyi
- Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Momentum Companion Animal Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
- ELTE NAP Canine Brain Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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15
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Li J, Wu Z, Peng C, Song L, Luo Y. Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging for the early detection of canine intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1067948. [PMID: 36467679 PMCID: PMC9709279 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1067948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and validation of microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) for the early detection of canine intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A TAI system was used to record the thermoacoustic signal (TAS) of canine intracerebral hemorrhage in the study. First, the difference in TAS between deionized water, fresh ex vivo porcine blood and brain tissue was explored. Second, the canine hemorrhagic stroke model was established, and canine brain ultrasound examination and TAI examination were performed before modeling and at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 4.5 h, 5 h and 6 h after modeling. Finally, pathology and ultrasound were used as the reference diagnoses to verify the accuracy of the thermoacoustic imaging data. Results: The results showed that significant differences were observed in TASs among deionized water, fresh ex vivo porcine blood and brain tissue. The intensity of the thermoacoustic signal of blood was significantly higher than that of ex vivo porcine brain tissue and deionized water. The intracerebral hemorrhage model of five beagles was successfully established. Hematomas presented hyperintensity in TAI. Considering ultrasound and pathology as reference diagnoses, TAI can be used to visualize canine intracerebral hemorrhage at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 4.5 h, 5 h and 6 h after modeling. Conclusion: This is the first experimental study to explore the use of TAI in the detection of intracerebral hemorrhage in large live animals (canine). The results indicated that TAI could detect canine intracerebral hemorrhage in the early stage and has the potential to be a rapid and noninvasive method for the detection of intracerebral hemorrhage in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenru Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chihan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Song
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Volumetric assessment and longitudinal changes of subcortical structures in formalinized Beagle brains. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261484. [PMID: 36206292 PMCID: PMC9543981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
High field MRI is an advanced technique for diagnostic and research purposes on animal models, such as the Beagle dog. In this context, studies on neuroscience applications, e.g. aging and neuro-pathologies, are currently increasing. This led to a need for reference values, in terms of volumetric assessment, for the structures typically involved. Nowadays, several canine brain MRI atlases have been provided. However, no reports are available regarding the measurements’ reproducibility and little is known about the effect of formalin on MRI segmentation. Here, we assessed the segmentation variability of selected structures among operators (two operators segmented the same data) in a sample of 11 Beagle dogs. Then, we analyzed, for one Beagle dog, the longitudinal volumetric changes of these structures. We considered four conditions: in vivo, post mortem (after euthanasia), ex vivo (brain extracted and studied after 1 month in formalin, and after 12 months). The MRI data were collected with a 3 T scanner. Our findings suggest that the segmentation procedure was overall reproducible since only slight statistical differences were detected. In the post mortem/ ex vivo comparison, most structures showed a higher contrast, thereby leading to greater reproducibility between operators. We observed a net increase in the volume of the studied structures. This could be justified by the intrinsic relaxation time changes observed because of the formalin fixation. This led to an improvement in brain structure visualization and segmentation. To conclude, MRI-based segmentation seems to be a useful and accurate tool that allows longitudinal studies on formalin-fixed brains.
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17
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Arribarat G, Cartiaux B, Boucher S, Montel C, Gros-Dagnac H, Fave Y, Péran P, Mogicato G, Deviers A. Ex vivo susceptibility-weighted imaging anatomy of canine brain–comparison of imaging and histological sections. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:948159. [PMID: 36124091 PMCID: PMC9481421 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.948159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Now that access of large domestic mammals to high-field MRI becomes more common, techniques initially implemented for human patients can be used for the structural and functional study of the brain of these animals. Among them, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a recent technique obtained from gradient echo (GE) imaging that allow for an excellent anatomical tissue contrast and a non-invasive assessment of brain iron content. The goal of this study was to design an optimal GE SWI imaging protocol to be used in dogs undergoing an MRI examination of the brain in a 3-Tesla scanner. This imaging protocol was applied to ex vivo brains from four dogs. The imaging protocol was validated by visual inspection of the SWI images that provided a high anatomical detail, as demonstrated by their comparison with corresponding microscopic sections. As resolvable brain structures were labeled, this study is the first to provide an anatomic description of SWI images of the canine brain. Once validated in living animals, this GE SWI imaging protocol could be easily included in routine neuroimaging protocols to improve the diagnosis of various intracranial diseases of dogs, or be used in future comparative studies aiming at evaluating brain iron content in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Arribarat
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin Cartiaux
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Samuel Boucher
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Charles Montel
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Gros-Dagnac
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yoann Fave
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Péran
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Giovanni Mogicato
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Mogicato
| | - Alexandra Deviers
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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18
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Extensive Connections of the Canine Olfactory Pathway Revealed by Tractography and Dissection. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6392-6407. [PMID: 35817576 PMCID: PMC9398547 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2355-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory sense of the domestic dog is widely recognized as being highly sensitive with a diverse function; however, little is known about the structure of its olfactory system. This study examined a cohort of mixed-sex mesaticephalic canines and used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), an MRI technique, to map connections from the olfactory bulb to other cortical regions of the brain. The results were validated using the Klingler dissection method. An extensive pathway composed of five white matter tracts connecting to the occipital lobe, cortical spinal tract, limbic system, piriform lobe, and entorhinal pathway was identified. This is the first documentation of a direct connection between the olfactory bulb and occipital lobe in any species and is a step toward further understanding how the dog integrates olfactory stimuli into their cognitive function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The highly sensitive olfactory system of the domestic dog is largely unexplored. We applied diffusion tractography and dissection techniques to evaluate the white matter connections associated with the olfactory system in a large cohort of dogs. We discovered an extensive white matter network extending from the olfactory bulb to form novel connections directly to other cortices of the brain. This is the first documentation of these novel olfactory connections and provides new insight into how dogs integrate olfactory stimuli in their cognitive functioning.
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19
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Hong H, Zhao Z, Huang X, Guo C, Zhao H, Wang GD, Zhang YP, Zhao JP, Shi J, Wu QF, Jiang YH, Wang Y, Li LM, Du Z, Zhang YQ, Xiong Y. Comparative Proteome and Cis-Regulatory Element Analysis Reveals Specific Molecular Pathways Conserved in Dog and Human Brains. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100261. [PMID: 35738554 PMCID: PMC9304787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development and function are governed by precisely regulated protein expressions in different regions. To date, multiregional brain proteomes have been systematically analyzed only for adult human and mouse brains. To understand the underpinnings of brain development and function, we generated proteomes from six regions of the postnatal brain at three developmental stages of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), which are special among animals in terms of their remarkable human-like social cognitive abilities. Quantitative analysis of the spatiotemporal proteomes identified region-enriched synapse types at different developmental stages and differential myelination progression in different brain regions. Through integrative analysis of inter-regional expression patterns of orthologous proteins and genome-wide cis-regulatory element frequencies, we found that proteins related with myelination and hippocampus were highly correlated between dog and human but not between mouse and human, although mouse is phylogenetically closer to human. Moreover, the global expression patterns of neurodegenerative disease and autism spectrum disorder-associated proteins in dog brain more resemble human brain than in mouse brain. The high similarity of myelination and hippocampus-related pathways in dog and human at both proteomic and genetic levels may contribute to their shared social cognitive abilities. The inter-regional expression patterns of disease-associated proteins in the brain of different species provide important information to guide mechanistic and translational study using appropriate animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiahe Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | | | - Jianhui Shi
- National Center of Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei M Li
- National Center of Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Q Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Banstola A, Reynolds JNJ. Mapping sheep to human brain: The need for a sheep brain atlas. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:961413. [PMID: 35967997 PMCID: PMC9372442 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.961413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A brain atlas is essential for understanding the anatomical relationship between neuroanatomical structures. Standard stereotaxic coordinates and reference systems have been developed for humans, non-human primates and small laboratory animals to contribute to translational neuroscience research. Despite similar neuroanatomical and neurofunctional features between the sheep and human brain, little is known of the sheep brain stereotaxy, and a detailed sheep atlas is scarce. Here, we briefly discuss the value of using sheep in neurological research and the paucity of literature concerning the coordinates system during neurosurgical approaches. Recent advancements such as computerized tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging are used for targeting and localizing the coordinates and brain areas in humans. Still, their application in sheep is rare due to the lack of a 3D stereotaxic sheep atlas by which to map sheep brain structures to its human counterparts. More recently, a T1- and T2-weighted high-resolution MRI 3D stereotaxic atlas of the sheep brain has been generated, however, the journey to create a sheep brain atlas by which to map directly to the human brain is still uncharted. Therefore, developing a detailed sheep brain atlas is valuable for the future to facilitate the use of sheep as a large animal experimental non-primate model for translational neurological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashik Banstola
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Ashik Banstola
| | - John N. J. Reynolds
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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21
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Palazzi X, Pardo ID, Ritenour H, Rao DB, Bolon B, Garman RH. A Technical Guide to Sampling the Beagle Dog Nervous System for General Toxicity and Neurotoxicity Studies. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:432-465. [PMID: 35730663 DOI: 10.1177/01926233221099300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Beagle dogs are a key nonrodent species in nonclinical safety evaluation of new biomedical products. The Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) has published "best practices" recommendations for nervous system sampling in nonrodents during general toxicity studies (Toxicol Pathol 41[7]: 1028-1048, 2013), but their adaptation to the Beagle dog has not been defined specifically. Here we provide 2 trimming schemes suitable for evaluating the unique neuroanatomic features of the dog brain in nonclinical toxicity studies. The first scheme is intended for general toxicity studies (Tier 1) to screen test articles with unknown or no anticipated neurotoxic potential; this plan using at least 7 coronal hemisections matches the STP "best practices" recommendations. The second trimming scheme for neurotoxicity studies (Tier 2) uses up to 14 coronal levels to investigate test articles where the brain is a suspected or known target organ. Collection of spinal cord, ganglia (somatic and autonomic), and nerves for dogs during nonclinical studies should follow published STP "best practices" recommendations for sampling the central (Toxicol Pathol 41[7]: 1028-1048, 2013) and peripheral (Toxicol Pathol 46[4]: 372-402, 2018) nervous systems. This technical guide also demonstrates the locations and approaches to collecting uncommonly sampled peripheral nervous system sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Deepa B Rao
- Greenfield Pathology Services, Inc., Greenfield, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Robert H Garman
- Consultants in Veterinary Pathology, Inc., Murrysville, Pennsylvania, USA
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22
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Garin CM, Garin M, Silenzi L, Jaffe R, Constantinidis C. Multilevel atlas comparisons reveal divergent evolution of the primate brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2202491119. [PMID: 35700361 PMCID: PMC9231627 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202491119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether the size of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in humans is disproportionate when compared to other species is a persistent debate in evolutionary neuroscience. This question has left the study of over/under-expansion in other structures relatively unexplored. We therefore sought to address this gap by adapting anatomical areas from the digital atlases of 18 mammalian species, to create a common interspecies classification. Our approach used data-driven analysis based on phylogenetic generalized least squares to evaluate anatomical expansion covering the whole brain. Our main finding suggests a divergence in primate evolution, orienting the stereotypical mammalian cerebral proportion toward a frontal and parietal lobe expansion in catarrhini (primate parvorder comprising old world monkeys, apes, and humans). Cerebral lobe volumes slopes plotted for catarrhini species were ranked as parietal∼frontal > temporal > occipital, contrasting with the ranking of other mammalian species (occipital > temporal > frontal∼parietal). Frontal and parietal slopes were statistically different in catarrhini when compared to other species through bootstrap analysis. Within the catarrhini's frontal lobe, the prefrontal cortex was the principal driver of frontal expansion. Across all species, expansion of the frontal lobe appeared to be systematically linked to the parietal lobe. Our findings suggest that the human frontal and parietal lobes are not disproportionately enlarged when compared to other catarrhini. Nevertheless, humans remain unique in carrying the most relatively enlarged frontal and parietal lobes in an infraorder exhibiting a disproportionate expansion of these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément M. Garin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Marie Garin
- Département de Mathématiques, Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, F-91190 France
| | - Leonardo Silenzi
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157
| | - Rye Jaffe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157
| | - Christos Constantinidis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
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23
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Beckmann KM, Wang-Leandro A, Richter H, Bektas RN, Steffen F, Dennler M, Carrera I, Haller S. Increased resting state connectivity in the anterior default mode network of idiopathic epileptic dogs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23854. [PMID: 34903807 PMCID: PMC8668945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic, neurological diseases in humans and dogs and considered to be a network disease. In human epilepsy altered functional connectivity in different large-scale networks have been identified with functional resting state magnetic resonance imaging. Since large-scale resting state networks have been consistently identified in anesthetised dogs’ application of this technique became promising in canine epilepsy research. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in large-scale resting state networks in epileptic dogs compared to healthy controls. Our hypothesis was, that large-scale networks differ between epileptic dogs and healthy control dogs. A group of 17 dogs (Border Collies and Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs) with idiopathic epilepsy was compared to 20 healthy control dogs under a standardized sevoflurane anaesthesia protocol. Group level independent component analysis with dimensionality of 20 components, dual regression and two-sample t test were performed and revealed significantly increased functional connectivity in the anterior default mode network of idiopathic epileptic dogs compared to healthy control dogs (p = 0.00060). This group level differences between epileptic dogs and healthy control dogs identified using a rather simple data driven approach could serve as a starting point for more advanced resting state network analysis in epileptic dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin M Beckmann
- Section of Neurology, Department of Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Adriano Wang-Leandro
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henning Richter
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinic for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rima N Bektas
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Steffen
- Section of Neurology, Department of Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Dennler
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ines Carrera
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Shirley, UK
| | - Sven Haller
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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24
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Andrews EF, Jacqmot O, Espinheira Gomes FNCM, Sha MF, Niogi SN, Johnson PJ. Characterizing the canine and feline optic pathways in vivo with diffusion MRI. Vet Ophthalmol 2021; 25 Suppl 1:60-71. [PMID: 34784441 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The visual system is known to be vital for cognition and perception in the feline and canine and much behavioral research for these species has used visual stimuli and focused on visual perception. There has been extensive investigations into the visual pathway in cats and dogs via histological and neurobiological methods, however to date, only one study has mapped the canine optic pathway in vivo. Advanced imaging methods such as diffusion MRI (DTI) have been routinely used in human research to study the visual system in vivo. This study applied DTI imaging methods to assess and characterize the optic pathway of feline and canine subjects in vivo. The optic nerve (ON), optic tract (OT), and optic radiation (OR) were successfully delineated for each species and the average volume and FA for each tract is reported. The application of DTI to map the optic pathway for canine and feline subjects provides a healthy baseline for comparison in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica F Andrews
- Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Jacqmot
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,MOVE-HIM (Morpho Veterinary and Human Imaging) Brussels, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Megan F Sha
- Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sumit N Niogi
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philippa J Johnson
- Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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25
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Boros M, Magyari L, Török D, Bozsik A, Deme A, Andics A. Neural processes underlying statistical learning for speech segmentation in dogs. Curr Biol 2021; 31:5512-5521.e5. [PMID: 34717832 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To learn words, humans extract statistical regularities from speech. Multiple species use statistical learning also to process speech, but the neural underpinnings of speech segmentation in non-humans remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated computational and neural markers of speech segmentation in dogs, a phylogenetically distant mammal that efficiently navigates humans' social and linguistic environment. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we compared event-related responses (ERPs) for artificial words previously presented in a continuous speech stream with different distributional statistics. Results revealed an early effect (220-470 ms) of transitional probability and a late component (590-790 ms) modulated by both word frequency and transitional probability. Using fMRI, we searched for brain regions sensitive to statistical regularities in speech. Structured speech elicited lower activity in the basal ganglia, a region involved in sequence learning, and repetition enhancement in the auditory cortex. Speech segmentation in dogs, similar to that of humans, involves complex computations, engaging both domain-general and modality-specific brain areas. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Boros
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Neuroethology of Communication Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Magyari
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Neuroethology of Communication Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Norwegian Reading Centre for Reading Education and Research, Faculty of Arts and Education, University of Stavanger, Professor Olav Hanssens vei 10, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dávid Török
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Neuroethology of Communication Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary
| | - Anett Bozsik
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Neuroethology of Communication Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, István utca 2, Hungary
| | - Andrea Deme
- Department of Applied Linguistics and Phonetics, Eötvös Loránd University, 1088 Budapest, Múzeum krt. 4/A, Hungary; MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Lingual Articulation Research Group, 1088 Budapest, Múzeum krt. 4/A, Hungary
| | - Attila Andics
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Neuroethology of Communication Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary; Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Hungary.
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26
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Jacqmot O, Van Thielen B, Hespel AM, Luijten PR, de Mey J, Van Binst A, Provyn S, Tresignie J. T2-weighted turbo spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging of canine brain anatomy at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T field strengths. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 305:222-233. [PMID: 34357697 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-mortem T2 weighted images of canine heads were acquired at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T. This study aimed to (1) identify anatomical structures of the canine brain using an ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (7T) to help to facilitate their localization on high field MRI images (3T and 1.5T), where these structures may appear less well defined and delineated and (2) evaluate the visibility of canine brain anatomical structures on 1.5T, 3T, and 7T MRI images for optimizing clinical utility. Our hypothesis was that the provided subjective image quality comparison at different field strengths may offer a general baseline for canine brain anatomy and may help clinicians evaluate MRI options better. Six canine heads were examined with 1.5T, 3T, and 7T MRI scanners. T2-weighted images were acquired in three orthogonal planes at each field strength using a turbo spin-echo sequence. Fifty neuroanatomic structures were identified and evaluated on the 7T MR images; subsequently, those were found on the 3T and 45 out of the 50 structures were detected on the 1.5T imaging. The structures that were not able to be identified on the 1.5T imaging included the septum pellucidum, oculomotor nucleus, substantia nigra, claustrum, and thalamic nucleus griseus. Images acquired at 7T were subjective of higher spatial and contrast resolution. However, the ultra-high-field images were prone to artifacts at the interface between tissues of different magnetic properties. In conclusion, 3T MR imaging appears to be the best comprise for evaluating canine brain anatomy on MRI with fewer imaging artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Jacqmot
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,MOVE - HIM (Morpho Veterinary & Human Imaging) Brussels, University Hospital Brussels, UZ Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Bert Van Thielen
- MOVE - HIM (Morpho Veterinary & Human Imaging) Brussels, University Hospital Brussels, UZ Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brussels, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Anatomical Research, Training and Education (ARTE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Peter R Luijten
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan de Mey
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brussels, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Van Binst
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Brussels, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Provyn
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Anatomical Research, Training and Education (ARTE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Tresignie
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies (ARCS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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27
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Barry EF, Loftus JP, Luh WM, de Leon MJ, Niogi SN, Johnson PJ. Diffusion tensor-based analysis of white matter in the healthy aging canine brain. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:129-136. [PMID: 34062488 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White matter dysfunction and degeneration have been a topic of great interest in healthy and pathological aging. While ex vivo studies have investigated age-related changes in canines, little in vivo canine aging research exists. Quantitative diffusion MRI such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has demonstrated aging and neurodegenerative white matter changes in humans. However, this method has not been applied and adapted in vivo to canine populations. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that white matter diffusion changes frequently reported in human aging are also found in aged canines. The study used Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) and a region of interest (ROI) approach to investigate age related changes in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AxD) and radial diffusivity (RD). The results show that, compared to younger animals, aged canines have significant decreases in FA in parietal and temporal regions as well as the corpus callosum and fornix. Additionally, AxD decreases were observed in parietal, frontal, and midbrain regions. Similarly, an age- related increase in RD was observed in the right parietal lobe while MD decreases were found in the midbrain. These findings suggest that canine samples show commonalities with human brain aging as both exhibit similar white matter diffusion tensor changes with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica F Barry
- Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - John P Loftus
- Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Wen-Ming Luh
- National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mony J de Leon
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sumit N Niogi
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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28
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Prichard A, Chhibber R, Athanassiades K, Chiu V, Spivak M, Berns GS. The mouth matters most: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of how dogs perceive inanimate objects. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:2987-2994. [PMID: 33745141 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The perception and representation of objects in the world are foundational to all animals. The relative importance of objects' physical properties versus how the objects are interacted with continues to be debated. Neural evidence in humans and nonhuman primates suggests animate-inanimate and face-body dimensions of objects are represented in the temporal cortex. However, because primates have opposable thumbs and interact with objects in similar ways, the question remains as to whether this similarity represents the evolution of a common cognitive process or whether it reflects a similarity of physical interaction. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in dogs to test whether the type of interaction affects object processing in an animal that interacts primarily with its mouth. In Study 1, we identified object-processing regions of cortex by having dogs passively view movies of faces and objects. In Study 2, dogs were trained to interact with two new objects with either the mouth or the paw. Then, we measured responsivity in the object regions to the presentation of these objects. Mouth-objects elicited significantly greater activity in object regions than paw-objects. Mouth-objects were also associated with activity in somatosensory cortex, suggesting dogs were anticipating mouthing interactions. These findings suggest that object perception in dogs is affected by how dogs expect to interact with familiar objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Prichard
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Veronica Chiu
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mark Spivak
- Comprehensive Pet Therapy, Inc., Sandy Springs, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory S Berns
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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