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Intas K. Scotch pine-induced liver injury: A case report. HEPATOLOGY FORUM 2024; 5:47-48. [PMID: 38283266 PMCID: PMC10809342 DOI: 10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are widely used worldwide to treat minor ailments and prevent disease. Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) has many medicinal applications but is most well-known for its antiseptic properties and beneficial effects on the respiratory system. Herbal products can cause adverse side effects like liver injury, which is referred to as herb-induced liver damage (HILI). In this article, we present a patient who used Scotch pine to treat asthma and developed HILI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Scotch pine-related HILI described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Intas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye
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2
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Zhang Q, Cho S, Kim B, Kim IH. Pinecone oil supplemented to multiparous sows from 107 days prenatal to 21 days postpartum improves reproductive performance and milk composition and affects serum parameters. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:226-233. [PMID: 37697667 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Pinecone oil (PO) of Pinus koraiensis mainly contains α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene that may ameliorate animal well-being and growth performance. This study evaluated its effects on feed intake, milk composition and yield, serum parameters, and litter growth of sows. Twenty-seven pregnant sows (parity 2-4) were distributed to three dietary treatments. The trial started on Day 107 of gestation and ended on Day 21 of lactation. Sows were given either a basal diet or the basal diet + 200 or 400 mg/kg PO. Each treatment contained nine sows and each sow was considered an experimental unit. Results showed that the average daily gain and weaned body weight of piglets from the sows fed 400 mg/kg PO supplements were higher (p < 0.05) than the piglets from the control sows. Lactose content in colostrum samples and fat content in milk samples were higher (p < 0.05) in 400 mg/kg PO-treated sows, respectively, than those from the sows fed basal diet. Additionally, cortisol concentration and aspartate aminotransferase concentration in sow serum was lowered (p < 0.05) by 400 mg/kg PO on Day 21 of lactation. In conclusion, supplementation of 400 mg/kg PO during late gestation and lactation contributed to greater offspring growth performance, possibly by enhanced milk quality and alleviated maternal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Baeyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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Mazzio E, Barnes A, Badisa R, Fierros-Romero G, Williams H, Council S, Soliman K. Functional immune boosters; the herb or its dead microbiome? Antigenic TLR4 agonist MAMPs found in 65 medicinal roots and algae's. J Funct Foods 2023; 107:105687. [PMID: 37654434 PMCID: PMC10469438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Humans have been consuming medicinal plants (as herbs/ spices) to combat illness for centuries while ascribing beneficial effects predominantly to the plant/phytochemical constituents, without recognizing the power of obligatory resident microorganism' communities (MOCs) (live/dead bacteria, fungus, yeast, molds etc.) which remain after industrial microbial reduction methods. Very little is known about the taxonomic identity of residual antigenic microbial associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) debris in our botanical over the counter (OTC) products, which if present would be recognized as foreign (non-self) antigenic matter by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) provoking a host immune response; this the basis of vaccine adjuvants. As of today, only few research groups have removed the herbal MAMP biomass from herbs, all suggesting that immune activation may not be from the plant but rather its microbial biomass; a hypothesis we corroborate. Purpose The purpose of this work was to conduct a high through put screening (HTPS) of over 2500 natural plants, OTC botanical supplements and phytochemicals to elucidate those with pro-inflammatory; toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) activating properties in macrophages. Study Design The HTPS was conducted on RAW 264.7 cells vs. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) E. coli 0111:B4, testing iNOS / nitric oxide production ( NO 2 - ) as a perimeter endpoint. The data show not a single drug/chemical/ phytochemical and approximately 98 % of botanicals to be immune idle (not effective) with only 65 pro-inflammatory (hits) in a potency range of LPS. Method validation studies eliminated the possibility of false artifact or contamination, and results were cross verified through multiple vendors/ manufacturers/lot numbers by botanical species. Lead botanicals were evaluated for plant concentration of LPS, 1,3:1,6-β-glucan, 1,3:1,4-β-D-glucan and α-glucans; where the former paralleled strength in vitro. LPS was then removed from plants using high-capacity endotoxin poly lysine columns, where bioactivity of LPS null "plant" extracts were lost. The stability of E.Coli 0111:B4 in an acid stomach mimetic model was confirmed. Last, we conducted a reverse culture on aerobic plate counts (APCs) from select hits, with subsequent isolation of gram-negative bacteria (MacConkey agar). Cultures were 1) heat destroyed (retested/ confirming bioactivity) and 2) subject to taxonomical identification by genetic sequencing 18S, ITS1, 5.8 s, ITS2 28S, and 16S. Conclusion The data show significant gram negative MAMP biomass dominance in A) roots (e.g. echinacea, yucca, burdock, stinging nettle, sarsaparilla, hydrangea, poke, madder, calamus, rhaponticum, pleurisy, aconite etc.) and B) oceanic plants / algae's (e.g. bladderwrack, chlorella, spirulina, kelp, and "OTC Seamoss-blends" (irish moss, bladderwrack, burdock root etc), as well as other random herbs (eg. corn silk, cleavers, watercress, cardamom seed, tribulus, duckweed, puffball, hordeum and pollen). The results show a dominance of gram negative microbes (e.g. Klebsilla aerogenes, Pantoae agglomerans, Cronobacter sakazakii), fungus (Glomeracaea, Ascomycota, Irpex lacteus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Fibroporia albicans, Chlorociboria clavula, Aspergillus_sp JUC-2), with black walnut hull, echinacea and burdock root also containing gram positive microbial strains (Fontibacillus, Paenibacillus, Enterococcus gallinarum, Bromate-reducing bacterium B6 and various strains of Clostridium). Conclusion This work brings attention to the existence of a functional immune bioactive herbal microbiome, independent from the plant. There is need to further this avenue of research, which should be carried out with consideration as to both positive or negative consequences arising from daily consumption of botanicals highly laden with bioactive MAMPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Mazzio
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - A. Barnes
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - R. Badisa
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - G. Fierros-Romero
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, School of Environment, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - H. Williams
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, School of Environment, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - S. Council
- John Gnabre Science Research Institute, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - K.F.A. Soliman
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
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Wu H, Sun Q, Dong H, Qiao J, Lin Y, Yu C, Li Y. Gastroprotective action of the extract of Corydalis yanhusuo in Helicobacter pylori infection and its bioactive component, dehydrocorydaline. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116173. [PMID: 36681166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a frequent chronic infection. Persistent infection is the strongest risk factor for developing gastric complications leading to gastric cancer. The antibiotic resistance of current anti-H. pylori drugs lead to the search for novel candidates from medicinal plants. Traditionally, Corydalis yanhusuo (Y.H. Chou & Chun C.Hsu) W.T. Wang ex Z.Y. Su & C.Y. Wu (Papaveraceae) has been used for the treatment of digestive system diseases in China. So, it's essential to explore and confirm the anti-H. pylori activity of C. yanhusuo and characterize the pharmacologically active compounds. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of C. yanhusuo as complementary or alternative modes of treatment against H. pylori-related diseases and ascertain the active substances of C. yanhusuo to develop non-toxic, natural, and inexpensive products. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. yanhusuo was subjected to solid-liquid extraction with water (WECY), ethanol EECY), and chloroform (CECY). The extracts were screened by agar diffusion assay, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), the minimum bactericidal (MBC) for their in vitro antimicrobial activity, and by Berthelot reaction for urease inhibition. To assess the in vivo action, H. pylori-induced C57BL/6 mice were used to detect RUT biopsy, perform visual and histopathological analyses and evaluate IgG expression. Furthermore, we compared the anti-H. pylori activities of major alkaloids in CECY to identify the bioactive constituents. RESULTS Among the three C. yanhusuo extracts, CECY showed the maximum in vitro antibacterial activity. Administration of CECY significantly inhibited the survival of H. pylori colonized in the gastric mucosa and alleviated gastric damage along with a reduction in the expression levels of IgG in H. pylori-infected mice. Berberine and dehydrocorydaline exhibited obvious anti-H. pylori activity with MIC of 25 and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION C. yanhusuo extracts showed anti-H. pylori activity in different degrees. Among them, CECY showed significant anti-H. pylori, gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities in vivo and in vitro. Dehydrocorydalmine, an active alkaloid compound isolated from C. yanhusuo, warranted further investigation for its potential anti-H. pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qingyue Sun
- No. one Clinical Medicine School of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Huirong Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jiasen Qiao
- No. one Clinical Medicine School of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chen Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Yanni Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Gong H, Xu HM, Zhang DK. Focusing on Helicobacter pylori infection in the elderly. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1121947. [PMID: 36968116 PMCID: PMC10036784 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a confirmed carcinogen, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main cause of inflammatory diseases of the upper digestive tract and even gastric cancer. There is a high prevalence of H. pylori infection among the elderly population, which may cause adverse clinical outcomes. Particularly noteworthy is that guidelines or expert consensus presently available on H. pylori infection overlook the management of the elderly population as a special group. A brief overview of H. pylori in the elderly is as follows. The detection of H. pylori infection can be divided into invasive and non-invasive techniques, and each technique has its advantages and shortcomings. There may be more side effects associated with eradication treatment in elderly individuals, especially for the frail population. Physical conditions and risk-benefit assessments of the elderly should be considered when selecting therapeutic strategies for H. pylori eradication. Unless there are competing factors, elderly patients should receive H. pylori eradication regimens to finally reduce the formation of gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the latest understanding of H. pylori in the elderly population to provide effective managements and treatment measures.
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Lee JY, Son HG, Koo Y, Jung SH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Lee YH. Protective Effects of Cudrania tricuspidata Against Helicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammation in C57BL/6 Mice. J Med Food 2023; 26:224-231. [PMID: 36862521 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori modulates the host inflammatory response, resulting in chronic gastritis, which contributes to gastric cancer pathogenesis. We verified the effect of Cudrania tricuspidata on H. pylori infection by inhibiting H. pylori-induced inflammatory activity. Five-week-old C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) were administered C. tricuspidata leaf extract (10 or 20 mg/kg per day) for 6 weeks. An invasive test (campylobacter-like organism [CLO]) and noninvasive tests (stool antigen test [SAT] and H. pylori antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were performed to confirm the eradication of H. pylori. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of C. tricuspidata, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and inflammation scores were measured in mouse gastric tissue. C. tricuspidata significantly decreased the CLO score and H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibody optical density levels at both 10 and 20 mg/kg per day doses (P < .05). C. tricuspidata decreased the H. pylori antibody levels in a concentration-dependent manner, increased negative responses to SAT by up to 37.5%, and inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL; IL-1β, IL-6, 1L-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha). C. tricuspidata also relieved gastric erosions and ulcers and significantly reduced the inflammation score (P < .05). We measured rutin in C. tricuspidata extract as a standard for high-performance liquid chromatography. C. tricuspidata leaf extract showed anti-H. pylori activity through the inhibition of inflammation. Our findings suggest that C. tricuspidata leaf extract is potentially an effective functional food material against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yoon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | - Hyung Gu Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | - Yejin Koo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoo-Hyun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
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Wu Y, Geng J, Cheng X, Yang Y, Yu Y, Wang L, Dong Q, Chi Z, Liu C. Cosmetic-Derived Mannosylerythritol Lipid-B-Phospholipid Nanoliposome: An Acid-Stabilized Carrier for Efficient Gastromucosal Delivery of Amoxicillin for In Vivo Treatment of Helicobacter pylori. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29086-29099. [PMID: 36033659 PMCID: PMC9404470 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a leading cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer. Current treatments for H. pylori are limited by the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains and low drug delivery to the infection site, indicating the need for effective delivery systems of antibiotics. Although liposomes are the most successful drug delivery carriers that have already been applied commercially, their acidic stability still stands as a problem. Herein, we developed a novel nanoliposome using cosmetic raw materials of mannosylerythritol lipid-B (MEL-B), soy bean lecithin, and cholesterol, namely, LipoSC-MELB. LipoSC-MELB exhibited enhanced stability under the simulated gastric-acid condition, owing to its strong intermolecular hydrogen-bond interactions caused by the incorporation of MEL-B. Moreover, amoxicillin-loaded LipoSC-MELB (LipoSC-MELB/AMX) had a particle size of approximately 100 nm and exhibited sustained drug release under varying pH conditions (pH 3-7). Besides, LipoSC-MELB/AMX exhibited significantly higher anti-H. pylori and anti-H. pylori biofilm activity as compared with free AMX. Furthermore, LipoSC-MELB was able to carry AMX across the barriers of gastric mucus and H. pylori biofilms. Remarkably, in vivo assays indicated that LipoSC-MELB/AMX was effective in treating H. pylori infection and its associated gastritis and gastric ulcers. Overall, the findings of this study showed that LipoSC-MELB was effective for gastromucosal delivery of amoxicillin to improve its bioavailability for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiayue Geng
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaohong Cheng
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Qingdao
Youdo Bioengineering Co. Ltd., No. 175 Zhuzhou Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yu Yu
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Qingdao
Youdo Bioengineering Co. Ltd., No. 175 Zhuzhou Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Central
Laboratory and Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Quanjiang Dong
- Central
Laboratory and Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhe Chi
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- College
of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University
of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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Lu JF, Li KC, Lv XY, Lei FH, Mi Y, Wen YX. N-doped pinecone-based carbon with a hierarchical porous pie-like structure: a long-cycle-life anode material for potassium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20305-20318. [PMID: 35919586 PMCID: PMC9277422 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03205h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinecone-based biomass carbon (PC) is a potential anode material for potassium-ion batteries because it is abundant, cheap, renewable, and easy to obtain. However, because of inferior kinetics and the effects of volume expansion due to the large radius of the K+ ion, it does not meet commercial performance requirements. In this study, nitrogen-doped PC (NPC) was prepared by carbonization in molten ZnCl2 with urea as a nitrogen source. A strategy based on synergistic effects between N doping and ZnCl2 molten salt was used to produce a hierarchically porous pie-like NPC with abundant defects and active sites and an enlarged interlayer distance—properties that enhance K+ adsorption, promote K+ intercalation/diffusion, and reduce the effects of volume expansion. This NPC exhibited a high reversible capacity (283 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1) and superior rate performance and cyclic stability (110 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1), demonstrating its potential for use in potassium-ion batteries. Pinecone-based biomass carbon (PC) is a potential anode material for potassium-ion batteries because it is abundant, cheap, renewable, and easy to obtain.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi MINZU University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China
| | - Ke-Chun Li
- School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi MINZU University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Lv
- The New Rural Development Research Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Fu-Hou Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi MINZU University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi MINZU University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan-Xuan Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metallic and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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