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Bahatheg G, Kuppusamy R, Yasir M, Bridge S, Mishra SK, Cranfield CG, StC Black D, Willcox M, Kumar N. Dimeric peptoids as antibacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107334. [PMID: 38583251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Building upon our previous study on peptoid-based antibacterials which showed good activity against Gram-positive bacteria only, herein we report the synthesis of 34 dimeric peptoid compounds and the investigation of their activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. The newly designed peptoids feature a di-hydrophobic moiety incorporating phenyl, bromo-phenyl, and naphthyl groups, combined with variable lengths of cationic units such as amino and guanidine groups. The study also underscores the pivotal interplay between hydrophobicity and cationicity in optimizing efficacy against specific bacteria. The bromophenyl dimeric guanidinium peptoid compound 10j showed excellent activity against S. aureus 38 and E. coli K12 with MIC of 0.8 μg mL-1 and 6.2 μg mL-1, respectively. Further investigation into the mechanism of action revealed that the antibacterial effect might be attributed to the disruption of bacterial cell membranes, as suggested by tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) and cytoplasmic membrane permeability studies. Notably, these promising antibacterial agents exhibited negligible toxicity against mammalian red blood cells. Additionally, the study explored the potential of 12 active compounds to disrupt established biofilms of S. aureus 38. The most effective biofilm disruptors were ethyl and octyl-naphthyl guanidinium peptoids (10c and 10 k). These compounds 10c and 10 k disrupted the established biofilms of S. aureus 38 with 51 % at 4x MIC (MIC = 17.6 μg mL-1 and 11.2 μg mL-1) and 56 %-58 % at 8x MIC (MIC = 35.2 μg mL-1 and 22.4 μg mL-1) respectively. Overall, this research contributes insights into the design principles of cationic dimeric peptoids and their antibacterial activity, with implications for the development of new antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayah Bahatheg
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Samara Bridge
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Shyam K Mishra
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles G Cranfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - David StC Black
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Alves PM, Barrias CC, Gomes P, Martins MCL. How can biomaterial-conjugated antimicrobial peptides fight bacteria and be protected from degradation? Acta Biomater 2024; 181:98-116. [PMID: 38697382 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a serious threat to public health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are a powerful alternative to antibiotics due to their low propensity to induce bacterial resistance. However, cytotoxicity and short half-lives have limited their clinical translation. To overcome these problems, AMP conjugation has gained relevance in the biomaterials field. Nevertheless, few studies describe the influence of conjugation on enzymatic protection, mechanism of action and antimicrobial efficacy. This review addresses this gap by providing a detailed comparison between conjugated and soluble AMP. Additionally, commonly employed chemical reactions and factors to consider when promoting AMP conjugation are reviewed. The overall results suggested that AMP conjugated onto biomaterials are specifically protected from degradation by trypsin and/or pepsin. However, sometimes, their antimicrobial efficacy was reduced. Due to limited conformational freedom in conjugated AMP, compared to their soluble forms, they appear to act initially by creating small protuberances on bacterial membranes that may lead to the alteration of membrane potential and/or formation of holes, triggering cell death. Overall, AMP conjugation onto biomaterials is a promising strategy to fight infection, particularly associated to the use of medical devices. Nonetheless, some details need to be addressed before conjugated AMP reach clinical practice. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Covalent conjugation of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) has been one of the most widely used strategies by bioengineers, in an attempt to not only protect AMP from proteolytic degradation, but also to prolong their residence time at the target tissue. However, an explanation for the mode of action of conjugated AMP is still lacking. This review extensively gathers works on AMP conjugation and puts forward a mechanism of action for AMP when conjugated onto biomaterials. The implications of AMP conjugation on antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and resistance to proteases are all discussed. A thorough review of commonly employed chemical reactions for this conjugation is also provided. Finally, details that need to be addressed for conjugated AMP to reach clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Alves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Cristina L Martins
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Broumidis E, Paradisi F. Engineering a Dual-Functionalized PolyHIPE Resin for Photobiocatalytic Flow Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401912. [PMID: 38507522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The use of a dual resin for photobiocatalysis, encompassing both a photocatalyst and an immobilized enzyme, brings several challenges, including effective immobilization, maintaining photocatalyst and enzyme activity and ensuring sufficient light penetration. However, the benefits, such as integrated processes, reusability, easier product separation, and potential for scalability, can outweigh these challenges, making dual resin systems promising for efficient and sustainable photobiocatalytic applications. In this study, we employed a photosensitizer-containing porous emulsion-templated polymer as a functional support that is used to covalently anchor a chloroperoxidase from Curvularia inaequalis (CiVCPO). We demonstrate the versatility of this heterogeneous photobiocatalytic material, which enables the bromination of four aromatic substrates, including rutin-a natural occurring flavonol-under blue light (456 nm) irradiation and continuous flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Broumidis
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Sara M, Yasir M, Kalaiselvan P, Hui A, Kuppusamy R, Kumar N, Chakraborty S, Yu TT, Wong EHH, Molchanova N, Jenssen H, Lin JS, Barron AE, Willcox M. The activity of antimicrobial peptoids against multidrug-resistant ocular pathogens. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102124. [PMID: 38341309 PMCID: PMC11024869 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens can result in partial or complete vision loss. The development of pan-resistant microbial strains poses a significant challenge for clinicians as there are limited antimicrobial options available. Synthetic peptoids, which are sequence-specific oligo-N-substituted glycines, offer potential as alternative antimicrobial agents to target multidrug-resistant bacteria. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of synthesised peptoids against multidrug-resistant (MDR) ocular pathogens was evaluated using the microbroth dilution method. Hemolytic propensity was assessed using mammalian erythrocytes. Peptoids were also incubated with proteolytic enzymes, after which their minimum inhibitory activity against bacteria was re-evaluated. RESULTS Several alkylated and brominated peptoids showed good inhibitory activity against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains at concentrations of ≤15 μg mL-1 (≤12 µM). Similarly, most brominated compounds inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 1.9 to 15 μg mL-1 (12 µM). The N-terminally alkylated peptoids caused less toxicity to erythrocytes. The peptoid denoted as TM5 had a high therapeutic index, being non-toxic to either erythrocytes or corneal epithelial cells, even at 15 to 22 times its MIC. Additionally, the peptoids were resistant to protease activity. CONCLUSIONS Peptoids studied here demonstrated potent activity against various multidrug-resistant ocular pathogens. Their properties make them promising candidates for controlling vision-related morbidity associated with eye infections by antibiotic-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjulatha Sara
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Alex Hui
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia; Centre for Ocular Research and Education, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia; School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Tsz Tin Yu
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 4720, USA
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 9430, USA
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 9430, USA
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
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Mishra S, Garg P, Srivastava S, Srivastava P. Br - nanoconjugate enhances the antibacterial efficacy of nimboloide against Flavobacterium columnare infection in Labeo rohita: A nanoinformatics approach. Microb Pathog 2024; 189:106575. [PMID: 38423405 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bacterial pathogen, Flavobacterium columnare causes columnaris disease in Labeo rohita globally. Major effects of this bacterial infection include skin rashes and gill necrosis. Nimbolide, the key ingredient of the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica possesses anti-bacterial properties effective against many microorganisms. Nano-informatics plays a promising role in drug development and its delivery against infections caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Currently, studies in the disciplines of dentistry, food safety, bacteriology, mycology, virology, and parasitology are being conducted to learn more about the wide anti-virulence activity of nimbolide. METHODS The toxicity of nimbolide was predicted to determine its dosage for treating bacterial infection in Labeo rohita. Further, comparative 3-D structure prediction and docking studies are done for nimbolide conjugated nanoparticles with several key target receptors to determine better natural ligands against columnaris disease. The nanoparticle conjugates are being designed using in-silico approaches to study molecular docking interactions with the target receptor. RESULTS Bromine conjugated nimbolide shows the best molecular interaction with the target receptors of selected species ie L rohita. Nimbolide comes under the class III level of toxic compound so, attempts are made to reduce the dosage of the compound without compromising its efficiency. Further, bromine is also used as a common surfactant and can eliminate heavy metals from wastewater. CONCLUSION The dosage of bromine-conjugated nimbolide can be reduced to a non-toxic level and thus the efficiency of the Nimbolide can be increased. Moreover, it can be used to synthesize nanoparticle composites which have potent antibacterial activity towards both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This material also forms a good coating on the surface and kills both airborne and waterborne bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Mishra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, 226028, India
| | - Prekshi Garg
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, 226028, India
| | - Shilpi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, 226028, India
| | - Prachi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, 226028, India.
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Sathiyamoorthi E, Lee JH, Lee J. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of halogenated phenylboronic acids against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1340910. [PMID: 38606300 PMCID: PMC11007048 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1340910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrios are associated with live seafood because they are part of the indigenous marine microflora. In Asia, foodborne infections caused by Vibrio spp. are common. In recent years, V. parahaemolyticus has become the leading cause of all reported food poisoning outbreaks. Therefore, the halogenated acid and its 33 derivatives were investigated for their antibacterial efficacy against V. parahaemolyticus. The compounds 3,5-diiodo-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (DIMPBA) and 2-fluoro-5-iodophenylboronic acid (FIPBA) exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. DIMPBA and FIPBA had minimum inhibitory concentrations of 100 μg/mL for the planktonic cell growth and prevented biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. Both iodo-boric acids could diminish the several virulence factors influencing the motility, agglutination of fimbria, hydrophobicity, and indole synthesis. Consequently, these two active halogenated acids hampered the proliferation of the planktonic and biofilm cells. Moreover, these compounds have the potential to effectively inhibit the presence of biofilm formation on the surface of both squid and shrimp models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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7
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Conde A, Voces D, Medel-Plaza M, Perales C, de Ávila AI, Aguilera-Correa JJ, de Damborenea JJ, Esteban J, Domingo E, Arenas MA. Fluoride anodic films on stainless-steel fomites to reduce transmission infections. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0189223. [PMID: 38289132 PMCID: PMC10880592 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01892-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing concern arising from viruses with pandemic potential and multi-resistant bacteria responsible for hospital-acquired infections and outbreaks of food poisoning has led to an increased awareness of indirect contact transmission. This has resulted in a renewed interest to confer antimicrobial properties to commonly used metallic materials. The present work provides a full characterization of optimized fluoride anodic films grown in stainless steel 304L as well as their antimicrobial properties. Antibacterial tests show that the anodic film, composed mainly of chromium and iron fluorides, reduces the count and the percentage of the area covered by 50% and 87.7% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, respectively. Virologic tests show that the same treatment reduces the infectivity of the coronavirus HCoV-229E-GFP, in comparison with the non-anodized stainless steel 304L.IMPORTANCEThe importance of environmental surfaces as a source of infection is a topic of particular interest today, as many microorganisms can survive on these surfaces and infect humans through direct contact. Modification of these surfaces by anodizing has been shown to be useful for some alloys of medical interest. This work evaluates the effect of anodizing on stainless steel, a metal widely used in a variety of applications. According to the study, the fluoride anodic layers reduce the colonization of the surfaces by both bacteria and viruses, thus reducing the risk of acquiring infections from these sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Conde
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Voces
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Celia Perales
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-FJD, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBEREHD, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel de Ávila
- CIBEREHD, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - John Jairo Aguilera-Correa
- CIBERINFEC, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
- Pathogénie mycobactérienne et nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Juan Jose de Damborenea
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Esteban
- CIBERINFEC, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-FJD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Domingo
- CIBEREHD, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Arenas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMEDICA EN RED Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
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Zhao W, Lin JS, Nielsen JE, Sørensen K, Wadurkar AS, Ji J, Barron AE, Nangia S, Libera MR. Supramolecular Peptoid Structure Strengthens Complexation with Polyacrylic Acid Microgels. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1274-1281. [PMID: 38240722 PMCID: PMC11046531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
We have studied the complexation between cationic antimicrobials and polyanionic microgels to create self-defensive surfaces that responsively resist bacterial colonization. An essential property is the stable sequestration of the loaded (complexed) antimicrobial within the microgel under a physiological ionic strength. Here, we assess the complexation strength between poly(acrylic acid) [PAA] microgels and a series of cationic peptoids that display supramolecular structures ranging from an oligomeric monomer to a tetramer. We follow changes in loaded microgel diameter with increasing [Na+] as a measure of the counterion doping level. Consistent with prior findings on colistin/PAA complexation, we find that a monomeric peptoid is fully released at ionic strengths well below physiological conditions, despite its +5 charge. In contrast, progressively higher degrees of peptoid supramolecular structure display progressively greater resistance to salting out, which we attribute to the greater entropic stability associated with the complexation of multimeric peptoid bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark
| | - Kristian Sørensen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Anand Sunil Wadurkar
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Jingjing Ji
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine & School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shikha Nangia
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Matthew R Libera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
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9
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Swanson HWA, van Teijlingen A, Lau KHA, Tuttle T. Martinoid: the peptoid martini force field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4939-4953. [PMID: 38275003 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Many exciting innovations have been made in the development of assembling peptoid materials. Typically, these have utilised large oligomeric sequences, though elsewhere the study of peptide self-assembly has yielded numerous examples of assemblers below 6-8 residues in length, evidencing that minimal peptoid assemblers are not only feasible but expected. A productive means of discovering such materials is through the application of in silico screening methods, which often benefit from the use of coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations. At the current level of development, CG models for peptoids are insufficient and we have been motivated to develop a Martini forcefield compatible peptoid model. A dual bottom-up and top-down parameterisation approach has been adopted, in keeping with the Martini parameterisation methodology, targeting the reproduction of atomistic MD dynamics and trends in experimentally obtained log D7.4 partition coefficients, respectively. This work has yielded valuable insights into the practicalities of parameterising peptoid monomers. Additionally, we demonstrate that our model can reproduce the experimental observations of two very different peptoid assembly systems, namely peptoid nanosheets and minimal tripeptoid assembly. Further we can simulate the peptoid helix secondary structure relevant for antimicrobial sequences. To be of maximum usefulness to the peptoid research community, we have developed freely available code to generate all requisite simulation files for the application of this model with Gromacs MD software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish W A Swanson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Alexander van Teijlingen
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK.
| | - King Hang Aaron Lau
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK.
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10
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Wang M, Liu J, Xia M, Yin L, Zhang L, Liu X, Cheng Y. Peptide-drug conjugates: A new paradigm for targeted cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116119. [PMID: 38194773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) are the new hope for targeted therapy after antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Compared with ADCs, the core advantages of PDCs are enhanced tissue penetration, easier chemical synthesis, and lower production costs. Two PDCs have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cancer. The therapeutic effects of PDCs are remarkable, but PDCs also encounter problems when used as targeted therapeutics, such as poor stability, a short blood circulation time, a long research and development time frame, and a slow clinical development process. Therefore, it is very urgent and important to understand the latest research progress of cancer cells targeting PDC, the solution to its stability problem, the scheme of computer technology to assist its research and development, and the direction of its future development. In this manuscript, based on the structure and function of PDCs, the latest research progress on PDCs from the aspects of cancer cell-targeting peptide (CTP) selection, pharmacokinetic characteristics, stability regulation and so on were systematically reviewed, hoping to highlight the current problems and future development directions of PDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Mingjing Xia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Libinghan Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Chemical Technology, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, PR China.
| | - Xifu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China.
| | - Yu Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, PR China.
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11
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Huang Z, Liu D, Chen S, Ren J, Gao C, Li Z, Fan A, Lin W. Brominated Depsidones with Antibacterial Effects from a Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Spiromastix sp. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:78. [PMID: 38393049 PMCID: PMC10890614 DOI: 10.3390/md22020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Eleven new brominated depsidones, namely spiromastixones U-Z5 (1-11) along with five known analogues (12-16), were isolated from a deep-sea-derived fungus Spiromastix sp. through the addition of sodium bromide during fermentation. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of the spectroscopic data including high-resolution MS and 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 6-10 and 16 exhibited significant inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 μM. Particularly, tribrominated 7 displayed the strongest activity against MRSA and VRE with a MIC of 0.5 and 1.0 μM, respectively, suggesting its potential for further development as a new antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.H.); (D.L.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China;
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.H.); (D.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Shang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.H.); (D.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Jinwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Chenghai Gao
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China;
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Aili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.H.); (D.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.H.); (D.L.); (S.C.)
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo 315832, China
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12
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Miller ET, Tsodikov OV, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Structural insights into the diverse prenylating capabilities of DMATS prenyltransferases. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:113-147. [PMID: 37929638 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 up to August 2023Prenyltransferases (PTs) are involved in the primary and the secondary metabolism of plants, bacteria, and fungi, and they are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of many clinically relevant natural products (NPs). The continued biochemical and structural characterization of the soluble dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase (DMATS) PTs over the past two decades have revealed the significant promise that these enzymes hold as biocatalysts for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of novel drug leads. This is a comprehensive review of DMATSs describing the structure-function relationships that have shaped the mechanistic underpinnings of these enzymes, as well as the application of this knowledge to the engineering of DMATSs. We summarize the key findings and lessons learned from these studies over the past 14 years (2009-2023). In addition, we identify current gaps in our understanding of these fascinating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Oleg V Tsodikov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
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13
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Faleye OS, Boya BR, Lee JH, Choi I, Lee J. Halogenated Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug-Resistant Pathogens. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 76:90-141. [PMID: 37845080 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance presents us with a potential global crisis as it undermines the abilities of conventional antibiotics to combat pathogenic microbes. The history of antimicrobial agents is replete with examples of scaffolds containing halogens. In this review, we discuss the impacts of halogen atoms in various antibiotic types and antimicrobial scaffolds and their modes of action, structure-activity relationships, and the contributions of halogen atoms in antimicrobial activity and drug resistance. Other halogenated molecules, including carbohydrates, peptides, lipids, and polymeric complexes, are also reviewed, and the effects of halogenated scaffolds on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and factors affecting antimicrobial and antivirulence activities are presented. Furthermore, the potential of halogenation to circumvent antimicrobial resistance and rejuvenate impotent antibiotics is addressed. This review provides an overview of the significance of halogenation, the abilities of halogens to interact in biomolecular settings and enhance pharmacological properties, and their potential therapeutic usages in preventing a postantibiotic era. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Antimicrobial resistance and the increasing impotence of antibiotics are critical threats to global health. The roles and importance of halogen atoms in antimicrobial drug scaffolds have been established, but comparatively little is known of their pharmacological impacts on drug resistance and antivirulence activities. This review is the first to extensively evaluate the roles of halogen atoms in various antibiotic classes and pharmacological scaffolds and to provide an overview of their ability to overcome antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajide Sunday Faleye
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bharath Reddy Boya
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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14
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Huber R, Marcourt L, Héritier M, Luscher A, Guebey L, Schnee S, Michellod E, Guerrier S, Wolfender JL, Scapozza L, Köhler T, Gindro K, Queiroz EF. Generation of potent antibacterial compounds through enzymatic and chemical modifications of the trans-δ-viniferin scaffold. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15986. [PMID: 37749179 PMCID: PMC10520035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stilbene dimers are well-known for their diverse biological activities. In particular, previous studies have demonstrated the high antibacterial potential of a series of trans-δ-viniferin-related compounds against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The trans-δ-viniferin scaffold has multiple chemical functions and can therefore be modified in various ways to generate derivatives. Here we report the synthesis of 40 derivatives obtained by light isomerization, O-methylation, halogenation and dimerization of other stilbene monomers. The antibacterial activities of all generated trans-δ-viniferin derivatives were evaluated against S. aureus and information on their structure-activity relationships (SAR) was obtained using a linear regression model. Our results show how several parameters, such as the O-methylation pattern and the presence of halogen atoms at specific positions, can determine the antibacterial activity. Taken together, these results can serve as a starting point for further SAR investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Huber
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margaux Héritier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Luscher
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Guebey
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Schnee
- Agroscope, Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Michellod
- Agroscope, Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Guerrier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva School of Economics and Management, University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Scapozza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Köhler
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Katia Gindro
- Agroscope, Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Route de Duillier 50, P.O. Box 1012, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland.
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15
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Cavallazzi Sebold B, Li J, Ni G, Fu Q, Li H, Liu X, Wang T. Going Beyond Host Defence Peptides: Horizons of Chemically Engineered Peptides for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. BioDrugs 2023; 37:607-623. [PMID: 37300748 PMCID: PMC10432368 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are considered a health threat worldwide, and this problem is set to increase over the decades. The ESKAPE, a group of six pathogens including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. is the major source of concern due to their high death incidence and nosocomial acquired infection. Host defence peptides (HDPs) are a class of ribosomally synthesised peptides that have shown promising results in combating MDR, including the ESKAPE group, in- and outside bacterial biofilms. However, their poor pharmacokinetics in physiological mediums may impede HDPs from becoming viable clinical candidates. To circumvent this problem, chemical engineering of HDPs has been seen as an emergent approach to not only improve their pharmacokinetics but also their efficacy against pathogens. In this review, we explore several chemical modifications of HDPs that have shown promising results, especially against ESKAPE pathogens, and provide an overview of the current findings with respect to each modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Cavallazzi Sebold
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Junjie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoying Ni
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanlan Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
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16
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Zamli KM, Hashim F, Razali SA, Yusoff HM, Mohamad H, Abdullah F, Asari A. Synthesis, anti-amoebic activity and molecular docking simulation of eugenol derivatives against Acanthamoeba sp. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101703. [PMID: 37546528 PMCID: PMC10400915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba can cause diseases such as amoebic keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Until now, treatment options for these diseases have not been fully effective and have several drawbacks. Therefore, research into new drugs is needed for more effective treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. Eugenol, a phenolic aromatic compound mainly derived from cloves, has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. In this study, nine eugenol derivatives (K1-K9), consisting of five new and four known compounds, were synthesized and screened for their antiamoebic properties against Acanthamoeba sp. The structure of these compounds was characterized spectroscopically by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometer (MS). The derived molecules were screened for antiamoebic activity by determining IC50 values based on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and observation of amoeba morphological changes by light and fluorescence microscopy. Most of the tested compounds possessed strong to moderate cytotoxic effects against trophozoite cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.61 to 24.83 μg/mL. Observation of amoebae morphology by light microscopy showed that the compounds caused the transformed cells to be roundish and reduced in size. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy observation using acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) (AO/PI) staining showed that the cells have damaged membranes by displaying a green cytoplasm with orange-stained lysosomes. Acidification of the lysosomal structure indicated disruption of the internal structure of Acanthamoeba cells when treated with eugenol derivatives. The observed biological results were also confirmed by interaction simulations based on molecular docking between eugenol derivatives and Acanthamoeba profilin. These interactions could affect the actin-binding ability of the protein, disrupting the shape and mobility of Acanthamoeba. The overall results of this study demonstrate that eugenol derivatives can be considered as potential drugs against infections caused by Acanthamoeba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunisa Mohd Zamli
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Hashim
- Biological Security and Sustainability Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Razali
- Biological Security and Sustainability Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hanis Mohd Yusoff
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Advanced Nano Materials (ANoMa) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Mohamad
- Institute of Biotechnology Marine, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Fauziah Abdullah
- Phytochemistry Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asnuzilawati Asari
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Advanced Nano Materials (ANoMa) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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17
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Davern CM, Proulx C. Late-Stage Chloride Displacements Enable Access to Peptoids with cis-Inducing Alkylammonium Side Chains. Org Lett 2023; 25:6195-6199. [PMID: 37578853 PMCID: PMC10903636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of peptoids possessing multiple cis-inducing monomers with alkylammonium side chains is reported, where chloropropyl side chains are diversified on a solid support by late-stage SN2 displacements with amines. The conditions were optimized for a wide variety of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl amine nucleophiles. We also demonstrated that multiple chloride displacements could be achieved on sequences possessing trans-inducing N-aryl- and N-imino glycine monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolynn M. Davern
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
| | - Caroline Proulx
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
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18
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Tate P, Mastrodomenico V, Cunha C, McClure J, Barron AE, Diamond G, Mounce BC, Kirshenbaum K. Peptidomimetic Oligomers Targeting Membrane Phosphatidylserine Exhibit Broad Antiviral Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1508-1522. [PMID: 37530426 PMCID: PMC10425984 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of durable new antiviral therapies is challenging, as viruses can evolve rapidly to establish resistance and attenuate therapeutic efficacy. New compounds that selectively target conserved viral features are attractive therapeutic candidates, particularly for combating newly emergent viral threats. The innate immune system features a sustained capability to combat pathogens through production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); however, these AMPs have shortcomings that can preclude clinical use. The essential functional features of AMPs have been recapitulated by peptidomimetic oligomers, yielding effective antibacterial and antifungal agents. Here, we show that a family of AMP mimetics, called peptoids, exhibit direct antiviral activity against an array of enveloped viruses, including the key human pathogens Zika, Rift Valley fever, and chikungunya viruses. These data suggest that the activities of peptoids include engagement and disruption of viral membrane constituents. To investigate how these peptoids target lipid membranes, we used liposome leakage assays to measure membrane disruption. We found that liposomes containing phosphatidylserine (PS) were markedly sensitive to peptoid treatment; in contrast, liposomes formed exclusively with phosphatidylcholine (PC) showed no sensitivity. In addition, chikungunya virus containing elevated envelope PS was more susceptible to peptoid-mediated inactivation. These results indicate that peptoids mimicking the physicochemical characteristics of AMPs act through a membrane-specific mechanism, most likely through preferential interactions with PS. We provide the first evidence for the engagement of distinct viral envelope lipid constituents, establishing an avenue for specificity that may enable the development of a new family of therapeutics capable of averting the rapid development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
M. Tate
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Vincent Mastrodomenico
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Christina Cunha
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | | | - Annelise E. Barron
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department
of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bryan C. Mounce
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
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19
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Kim M, Cheon Y, Shin D, Choi J, Nielsen JE, Jeong MS, Nam HY, Kim S, Lund R, Jenssen H, Barron AE, Lee S, Seo J. Real-Time Monitoring of Multitarget Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Peptoids Using Label-Free Imaging with Optical Diffraction Tomography. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302483. [PMID: 37341246 PMCID: PMC10460844 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutics in the fight against multidrug-resistant bacteria. As a mimic of AMPs, peptoids with N-substituted glycine backbone have been utilized for antimicrobials with resistance against proteolytic degradation. Antimicrobial peptoids are known to kill bacteria by membrane disruption; however, the nonspecific aggregation of intracellular contents is also suggested as an important bactericidal mechanism. Here,structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a library of indole side chain-containing peptoids resulting in peptoid 29 as a hit compound is investigated. Then, quantitative morphological analyses of live bacteria treated with AMPs and peptoid 29 in a label-free manner using optical diffraction tomography (ODT) are performed. It is unambiguously demonstrated that both membrane disruption and intracellular biomass flocculation are primary mechanisms of bacterial killing by monitoring real-time morphological changes of bacteria. These multitarget mechanisms and rapid action can be a merit for the discovery of a resistance-breaking novel antibiotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsang Kim
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmi Cheon
- Gwangju CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)49, Dosicheomdansaneop‐ro, Nam‐guGwangju61751Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Molecular BiochemistryChonnam National University77, Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61186Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National University99, Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Shin
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Science and EnvironmentRoskilde UniversityUniversitetsvej 1Roskilde4000Denmark
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Medicine and EngineeringStanford University443 Via OrtegaStanfordCalifornia94305United States
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Chuncheon CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)1, Kangwondaehak‐gil, Chuncheon‐siGangwon‐do24341Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Nam
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hak Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular BiochemistryChonnam National University77, Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloProblemveien 7Oslo0315Norway
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and EnvironmentRoskilde UniversityUniversitetsvej 1Roskilde4000Denmark
| | - Annelise E. Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Medicine and EngineeringStanford University443 Via OrtegaStanfordCalifornia94305United States
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)49, Dosicheomdansaneop‐ro, Nam‐guGwangju61751Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems BiotechnologyChung‐Ang UniversityAnseong‐siGyeonggi‐do17546Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
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20
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Fetse J, Kandel S, Mamani UF, Cheng K. Recent advances in the development of therapeutic peptides. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:425-441. [PMID: 37246037 PMCID: PMC10330351 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Peptides have unique characteristics that make them highly desirable as therapeutic agents. The physicochemical and proteolytic stability profiles determine the therapeutic potential of peptides. Multiple strategies to enhance the therapeutic profile of peptides have emerged. They include chemical modifications, such as cyclization, substitution with d-amino acids, peptoid formation, N-methylation, and side-chain halogenation, and incorporation in delivery systems. There have been recent advances in approaches to discover peptides having these modifications to attain desirable therapeutic properties. We critically review these recent advancements in therapeutic peptide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Fetse
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Sashi Kandel
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Umar-Farouk Mamani
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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21
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Krátký M, Konečná K, Janďourek O, Diepoltová A, Vávrová P, Voxová B, Vejsová M, Bárta P, Bősze S. Insight into the Antibacterial Action of Iodinated Imine, an Analogue of Rafoxanide: a Comprehensive Study of Its Antistaphylococcal Activity. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0306422. [PMID: 37098945 PMCID: PMC10269765 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03064-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have focused on a multiparametric microbiological analysis of the antistaphylococcal action of the iodinated imine BH77, designed as an analogue of rafoxanide. Its antibacterial activity against five reference strains and eight clinical isolates of Gram-positive cocci of the genera Staphylococcus and Enterococcus was evaluated. The most clinically significant multidrug-resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, were also included. The bactericidal and bacteriostatic actions, the dynamics leading to a loss of bacterial viability, antibiofilm activity, BH77 activity in combination with selected conventional antibiotics, the mechanism of action, in vitro cytotoxicity, and in vivo toxicity in an alternative animal model, Galleria mellonella, were analyzed. The antistaphylococcal activity (MIC) ranged from 15.625 to 62.5 μM, and the antienterococcal activity ranged from 62.5 to 125 μM. Its bactericidal action; promising antibiofilm activity; interference with nucleic acid, protein, and peptidoglycan synthesis pathways; and nontoxicity/low toxicity in vitro and in vivo in the Galleria mellonella model were found to be activity attributes of this newly synthesized compound. In conclusion, BH77 could be rightfully minimally considered at least as the structural pattern for future adjuvants for selected antibiotic drugs. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance is among the largest threats to global health, with a potentially serious socioeconomic impact. One of the strategies to deal with the predicted catastrophic future scenarios associated with the rapid emergence of resistant infectious agents lies in the discovery and research of new anti-infectives. In our study, we have introduced a rafoxanide analogue, a newly synthesized and described polyhalogenated 3,5-diiodosalicylaldehyde-based imine, that effectively acts against Gram-positive cocci of the genera Staphylococcus and Enterococcus. The inclusion of an extensive and comprehensive analysis for providing a detailed description of candidate compound-microbe interactions allows the valorization of the beneficial attributes linked to anti-infective action conclusively. In addition, this study can help with making rational decisions about the possible involvement of this molecule in advanced studies or may merit the support of studies focused on related or derived chemical structures to discover more effective new anti-infective drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krátký
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Konečná
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Diepoltová
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Vávrová
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Voxová
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Vejsová
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bárta
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
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22
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Craig A, Ermolovich Y, Cameron A, Rodler A, Wang H, Hawkes JA, Hubert M, Björkling F, Molchanova N, Brimble MA, Moodie LWK, Svenson J. Antimicrobial Peptides Incorporating Halogenated Marine-Derived Amino Acid Substituents. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:802-809. [PMID: 37312845 PMCID: PMC10258904 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small synthetic mimics of cationic antimicrobial peptides represent a promising class of compounds with leads in clinical development for the treatment of persistent microbial infections. The activity and selectivity of these compounds rely on a balance between hydrophobic and cationic components, and here, we explore the activity of 19 linear cationic tripeptides against five different pathogenic bacteria and fungi, including clinical isolates. The compounds incorporated modified hydrophobic amino acids inspired by motifs often found in bioactive marine secondary metabolites in combination with different cationic residues to probe the possibility of generating active compounds with improved safety profiles. Several of the compounds displayed high activity (low μM concentrations), comparable with the positive controls AMC-109, amoxicillin, and amphotericin B. A higher activity was observed against the fungal strains, and a low in vitro off-target toxicity was observed against erythrocytes and HeLa cells, thereby illustrating effective means for tuning the activity and selectivity of short antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
J. Craig
- Drug
Design and Discovery, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical
Centre, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Analytical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuri Ermolovich
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University
of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan Cameron
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Agnes Rodler
- Department
of Pharmacy, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala
University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helen Wang
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey A. Hawkes
- Analytical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Madlen Hubert
- Department
of Pharmacy, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala
University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Björkling
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University
of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The
Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Lindon W. K. Moodie
- Drug
Design and Discovery, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical
Centre, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala
Antibiotic Centre, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala
University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Svenson
- Cawthron
Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
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23
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Kumar V, Lin JS, Molchanova N, Fortkort JA, Reckmann C, Bräse S, Jenssen H, Barron AE, Chugh A. Membrane-acting biomimetic peptoids against visceral leishmaniasis. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:519-531. [PMID: 36683396 PMCID: PMC9989931 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is among the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. Drug cell permeability is essential for killing the intracellular residing parasites responsible for VL, making cell-permeating peptides a logical choice to address VL. Unfortunately, the limited biological stability of peptides restricts their usage. Sequence-specific oligo-N-substituted glycines ('peptoids') are a class of peptide mimics that offers an excellent alternative to peptides in terms of ease of synthesis and good biostability. We tested peptoids against the parasite Leishmania donovani in both forms, that is, intracellular amastigotes and promastigotes. N-alkyl hydrophobic chain addition (lipidation) and bromination of oligopeptoids yielded compounds with good antileishmanial activity against both forms, showing the promise of these antiparasitic peptoids as potential drug candidates to treat VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | | | - John A Fortkort
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | - Carolin Reckmann
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | - Archana Chugh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
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24
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Yang W, Seo J, Kim JH. Protein-mimetic peptoid nanoarchitectures for pathogen recognition and neutralization. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:975-986. [PMID: 36541218 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05326h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent outbreaks of both new and existing infectious pathogens have threatened healthcare systems around the world. Therefore, it is vital to detect and neutralize pathogens to prevent their spread and treat infected patients. This consideration has led to the development of biosensors and antibiotics inspired by the structure and function of antibodies and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which constitute adaptive and innate immunity, efficiently protecting the human body against invading pathogens. Herein, we provide an overview of recent advances in the detection and neutralization of pathogens using protein-mimetic peptoid nanoarchitectures. Peptoids are bio-inspired and sequence-defined polymers composed of repeating N-substituted glycine units. They can spontaneously fold into well-defined three-dimensional nanostructures that encode chemical information depending on their sequences. Loop-functionalized peptoid nanosheets have been constructed by mimicking antibodies containing chemically variable loops as binding motifs for their respective target pathogen. Furthermore, by mimicking the cationic amphipathic features of natural AMPs, helical peptoids and their assemblies have been developed to achieve selective anti-infective activity owing to their intrinsic ability to interact with bacterial membranes and viral envelopes. We believe that this mini-review furnishes in-depth insight into how to construct protein-like nanostructures via the self-assembly of peptoids for application in the detection of pathogens and the treatment of infectious diseases for future healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Yang
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hong Kim
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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25
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C H‧‧‧X (X = F, Cl) and Cl‧‧‧Cl halogen-mediated interactions driving the crystal packing in N-substituted 4-arylimidazoles. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Sharma K, Aaghaz S, Maurya IK, Singh S, Rudramurthy SM, Kumar V, Tikoo K, Jain R. Ring-Modified Histidine-Containing Cationic Short Peptides Exhibit Anticryptococcal Activity by Cellular Disruption. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010087. [PMID: 36615282 PMCID: PMC9821961 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Delineation of clinical complications secondary to fungal infections, such as cryptococcal meningitis, and the concurrent emergence of multidrug resistance in large population subsets necessitates the need for the development of new classes of antifungals. Herein, we report a series of ring-modified histidine-containing short cationic peptides exhibiting anticryptococcal activity via membrane lysis. The N-1 position of histidine was benzylated, followed by iodination at the C-5 position via electrophilic iodination, and the dipeptides were obtained after coupling with tryptophan. In vitro analysis revealed that peptides Trp-His[1-(3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)-5-iodo]-OMe (10d, IC50 = 2.20 μg/mL; MIC = 4.01 μg/mL) and Trp-His[1-(2-iodophenyl)-5-iodo)]-OMe (10o, IC50 = 2.52 μg/mL; MIC = 4.59 μg/mL) exhibit promising antifungal activities against C. neoformans. When administered in combination with standard drug amphotericin B (Amp B), a significant synergism was observed, with 4- to 16-fold increase in the potencies of both peptides and Amp B. Electron microscopy analysis with SEM and TEM showed that the dipeptides primarily act via membrane disruption, leading to pore formation and causing cell lysis. After entering the cells, the peptides interact with the intracellular components as demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Shams Aaghaz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Indresh Kumar Maurya
- Center of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Shreya Singh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Kulbhushan Tikoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
- Correspondence:
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27
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Halogenation of Peptides and Proteins Using Engineered Tryptophan Halogenase Enzymes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121841. [PMID: 36551269 PMCID: PMC9775415 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Halogenation of bioactive peptides via incorporation of non-natural amino acid derivatives during chemical synthesis is a common strategy to enhance functionality. Bacterial tyrptophan halogenases efficiently catalyze regiospecific halogenation of the free amino acid tryptophan, both in vitro and in vivo. Expansion of their substrate scope to peptides and proteins would facilitate highly-regulated post-synthesis/expression halogenation. Here, we demonstrate novel in vitro halogenation (chlorination and bromination) of peptides by select halogenase enzymes and identify the C-terminal (G/S)GW motif as a preferred substrate. In a first proof-of-principle experiment, we also demonstrate chemo-catalyzed derivatization of an enzymatically chlorinated peptide, albeit with low efficiency. We further rationally derive PyrH halogenase mutants showing improved halogenation of the (G/S)GW motif, both as a free peptide and when genetically fused to model proteins with efficiencies up to 90%.
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28
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Yang W, Choi J, Choi SH, Shin S, Park SM, Lee Y, Seo J. A conjugate of chlorin e6 and cationic amphipathic peptoid: a dual antimicrobial and anticancer photodynamic therapy agent. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:655-667. [PMID: 36481980 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cationic amphipathic structures are often utilized in natural membrane-active host-defense peptides. Negatively charged surface membranes of rapidly proliferating bacterial and cancer cells have been targeted by various synthetic peptides and peptidomimetics adopting the structural motif. Herein, we synthesized a set of conjugates composed of cationic amphipathic peptoids (i.e., oligo-N-substituted glycines) and a chlorin photosensitizer, named chlorin e6 (Ce6)-peptoid conjugates (CPCs). Among the nine CPCs, CPC 7, composed of Ce6, a PEG linker, and guanidine-rich helical amphipathic peptoids, exhibited a distinct photoresponsive inactivation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Subsequent studies showed that CPC 7 effectively killed various cancer cells after irradiation with red light (655 nm), suggesting the potential of CPC 7 as a dual antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry data suggested that CPC 7 could induce apoptotic cell death. Our results show the potential of peptoid-based photosensitizer conjugates as a versatile platform for antimicrobial and anticancer photodynamic therapy agents and peptoid therapeutics.
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29
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Pratt EJ, Mancera-Andrade EI, Bicker KL. Synthesis and Characterization of Derivatives of the Antifungal Peptoid RMG8-8. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36663-36671. [PMID: 36278036 PMCID: PMC9583092 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis, caused by the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, is a devastating disease with a mortality rate of over 80%. Due to the increasing prevalence of resistance to antifungals and the high mammalian toxicity of current treatments, the development of new antifungal therapies is vital. In an effort to improve the biological properties of a previously discovered antifungal peptoid, termed RMG8-8, an iterative structure-activity relationship study was conducted. This three-round study sought to optimize the structure of RMG8-8 by focusing on three main structural components: the lipophilic tail, aliphatic side chains, and aromatic side chains. In addition to antifungal testing against C. neoformans, cytotoxicity testing was also performed on all derivatives against human liver cells, and select promising compounds were tested for hemolytic activity against human red blood cells. A number of derivatives containing unique aliphatic or aromatic side chains had antifungal activity similar to RMG8-8 (MIC = 1.56 μg/mL), but all of these compounds were more toxic than RMG8-8. While no derivative was improved across all biological tests, modest improvements were made to the hemolytic activity with compound 9, containing isobutyl side chains in positions 2 and 5, compared to RMG8-8 (HC10 = 130 and 75 μg/mL, respectively). While this study did not yield a dramatically optimized RMG8-8 derivative, this result was not totally unexpected given the remarkable selectivity of this compound from discovery. Nonetheless, this study is an important step in the development of RMG8-8 as a viable antifungal therapeutic.
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30
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Pindjakova D, Pilarova E, Pauk K, Michnova H, Hosek J, Magar P, Cizek A, Imramovsky A, Jampilek J. Study of Biological Activities and ADMET-Related Properties of Salicylanilide-Based Peptidomimetics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911648. [PMID: 36232947 PMCID: PMC9569995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of eleven benzylated intermediates and eleven target compounds derived from salicylanilide were tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 as reference strains and against three clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and three isolates of vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. In addition, the compounds were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and M. smegmatis ATCC 700084. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed using the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. The lipophilicity of the prepared compounds was experimentally determined and correlated with biological activity. The benzylated intermediates were found to be completely biologically inactive. Of the final eleven compounds, according to the number of amide groups in the molecule, eight are diamides, and three are triamides that were inactive. 5-Chloro-2-hydroxy-N-[(2S)- 4-(methylsulfanyl)-1-oxo-1-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}butan-2-yl]benzamide (3e) and 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-N-[(2S)-(4-methyl-1-oxo-1-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino)pentan-2-yl)benzamide (3f) showed the broadest spectrum of activity against all tested species/isolates comparable to the used standards (ampicillin and isoniazid). Six diamides showed high antistaphylococcal activity with MICs ranging from 0.070 to 8.95 μM. Three diamides showed anti-enterococcal activity with MICs ranging from 4.66 to 35.8 μM, and the activities of 3f and 3e against M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis were MICs of 18.7 and 35.8 μM, respectively. All the active compounds were microbicidal. It was observed that the connecting linker between the chlorsalicylic and 4-CF3-anilide cores must be substituted with a bulky and/or lipophilic chain such as isopropyl, isobutyl, or thiabutyl chain. Anticancer activity on THP-1 cells IC50 ranged from 1.4 to >10 µM and increased with increasing lipophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Pindjakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eliska Pilarova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 530 09 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pauk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 530 09 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Michnova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hosek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pratibha Magar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 530 09 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Cizek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Imramovsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 530 09 Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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31
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He S, Yang Z, Li X, Wu H, Zhang L, Wang J, Shan A. Optimized proteolytic resistance motif (DabW)-based U1-2WD: A membrane-induced self-aggregating peptide to trigger bacterial agglutination and death. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:540-556. [PMID: 36162762 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biggest application bottleneck of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is the low oral bioavailability caused by the poor stability of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the research methods and evaluation criteria of available studies about anti-proteolytic strategies are not uniform and far from the actual environment in vivo. Here, we developed a research system and evaluation criteria for proteolytic resistance and systematically evaluated the effectiveness of different strategies for improving the protease stability of AMPs on the same platform for the first time. After a comprehensive analysis, Dab modification is identified as the most effective strategy to improve the trypsin stability of AMPs. By further modulating the proteolytic resistance optimization motif (DabW)n, U1-2WD is obtained with ideal stability and antimicrobial properties in vivo and in vitro. Notably, U1-2WD has a unique antibacterial mechanism, which forms amorphous aggregates in the bacteria environment to trigger the agglutination of bacterial cells to prevent bacterial escape. It then kills bacteria by disrupting bacterial membranes and inhibiting bacterial energy metabolism. Overall, our work has led to a new understanding of the effectiveness of proteolytic resistance strategies and accelerated the development of anti-proteolytic AMPs to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We developed research system and evaluation criteria for proteolytic resistance and systematically evaluated the effectiveness of different strategies for improving protease stability of AMPs on the same platform for the first time. we found effective strategies to resist trypsin hydrolysis: modification with backbone (β-Arg), D-enantiomer (D-Arg) and L-2,4-diaminobutanoic acid (Dab). Further, the proteolytic resistance optimization motif (DabW)n was designed. When n=3, derivative U1-2WD was obtained with desirable stability and antimicrobial properties in vivo and in vitro. Notably, U1-2WD has a unique antibacterial mechanism, which can self-aggregate into amorphous aggregates in the bacteria environment to mediate the agglutination and sedimentation of bacterial cells to prevent bacterial escape, and then kill bacteria by destroying bacterial membranes and inhibiting bacterial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhanyi Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Licong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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32
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Novel N-{4-[(4-Bromophenyl)sulfonyl]benzoyl}-L-valine Derivatives. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we present the design and synthesis of novel compounds, containing in their molecules an L-valine residue and a 4-[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]phenyl moiety, which belong to N-acyl-α-amino acids, 4H-1,3-oxazol-5-ones, 2-acylamino ketones, and 1,3-oxazoles chemotypes. The synthesized compounds were characterized through elemental analysis, MS, NMR, UV/VIS, and FTIR spectroscopic techniques, the data obtained are in accordance with the assigned structures. Their purities were verified by reversed-phase HPLC. The new compounds were tested for antimicrobial action against bacterial and fungal strains for antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS, and ferric reducing power assays, and for toxicity on freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna Straus. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed concerning the potential antimicrobial effect and toxicity. The results of antimicrobial activity, antioxidant effect, and toxicity assays, as well as of in silico analysis revealed a promising potential of N-{4-[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]benzoyl}-L-valine and 2-{4-[(4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}-4-isopropyl-4H-1,3-oxazol-5-one for developing novel antimicrobial agents to fight Gram-positive pathogens, and particularly Enterococcus faecium biofilm-associated infections.
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Bahatheg G, Kuppusamy R, Yasir M, Black DS, Willcox M, Kumar N. Short Tryptamine-Based Peptoids as Potential Therapeutics for Microbial Keratitis: Structure-Function Correlation Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081074. [PMID: 36009943 PMCID: PMC9404767 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptoids are peptidomimetics that have attracted considerable interest as a promising class of antimicrobials against multi-drug-resistant bacteria due to their resistance to proteolysis, bioavailability, and thermal stability compared to their corresponding peptides. Staphylococcus aureus is a significant contributor to infections worldwide and is a major pathogen in ocular infections (keratitis). S. aureus infections can be challenging to control and treat due to the development of multiple antibiotic resistance. This work describes short cationic peptoids with activity against S. aureus strains from keratitis. The peptoids were synthesized via acid amine-coupling between naphthyl-indole amine or naphthyl-phenyl amine with different amino acids to produce primary amines (series I), mono-guanidines (series II), tertiary amine salts (series III), quaternary ammonium salts (series IV), and di-guanidine (series V) peptoids. The antimicrobial activity of the peptoids was compared with ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat keratitis. All new compounds were active against Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus 38. The most active compounds against S.aur38 were 20a and 22 with MIC = 3.9 μg mL−1 and 5.5 μg mL−1, respectively. The potency of these two active molecules was investigated against 12 S. aureus strains that were isolated from microbial keratitis. Compounds 20a and 22 were active against 12 strains with MIC = 3.2 μg mL−1 and 2.1 μg mL−1, respectively. There were two strains that were resistant to ciprofloxacin (Sa.111 and Sa.112) with MIC = 128 μg mL−1 and 256 μg mL−1, respectively. Compounds 12c and 13c were the most active against E. coli, with MIC > 12 μg mL−1. Cytoplasmic membrane permeability studies suggested that depolarization and disruption of the bacterial cell membrane could be a possible mechanism for antibacterial activity and the hemolysis studies toward horse red blood cells showed that the potent compounds are non-toxic at up to 50 μg mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayah Bahatheg
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David StC. Black
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (N.K.)
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Khursheed S, Rafiq Wani M, Shadab G, Tabassum S, Arjmand F. Synthesis, Structure Elucidation by Multi-spectroscopic Techniques and Single-crystal X-ray Diffraction of Promising Fluoro/Bromo-substituted-chromone(bpy)copper(II) Anticancer Drug Entities. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Halogenated Pyrrolopyrimidines with Low MIC on Staphylococcus aureus and Synergistic Effects with an Antimicrobial Peptide. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11080984. [PMID: 35892374 PMCID: PMC9330635 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11080984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a world-wide rise in antibiotic resistance causing burdens to individuals and public healthcare systems. At the same time drug development is lagging behind. Therefore, finding new ways of treating bacterial infections either by identifying new agents or combinations of drugs is of utmost importance. Additionally, if combination therapy is based on agents with different modes of action, resistance is less likely to develop. The synthesis of 21 fused pyrimidines and a structure-activity relationship study identified two 6-aryl-7H-pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-amines with potent activity towards Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC-value was found to be highly dependent on a bromo or iodo substitution in the 4-benzylamine group and a hydroxyl in the meta or para position of the 6-aryl unit. The most active bromo and iodo derivatives had MIC of 8 mg/L. Interestingly, the most potent compounds experienced a four-fold lower MIC-value when they were combined with the antimicrobial peptide betatide giving MIC of 1–2 mg/L. The front runner bromo derivative also has a low activity towards 50 human kinases, including thymidylate monophosphate kinase, a putative antibacterial target.
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Svenson J, Molchanova N, Schroeder CI. Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics for Clinical Use: Does Size Matter? Front Immunol 2022; 13:915368. [PMID: 35720375 PMCID: PMC9204644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for efficient antimicrobial therapies that can alleviate suffering caused by infections from resistant bacteria is more urgent than ever before. Infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens represent a significant and increasing burden to healthcare and society and researcher are investigating new classes of bioactive compounds to slow down this development. Antimicrobial peptides from the innate immune system represent one promising class that offers a potential solution to the antibiotic resistance problem due to their mode of action on the microbial membranes. However, challenges associated with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and off-target toxicity are slowing down the advancement and use of innate defensive peptides. Improving the therapeutic properties of these peptides is a strategy for reducing the clinical limitations and synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are emerging as a promising class of molecules for a variety of antimicrobial applications. These compounds can be made significantly shorter while maintaining, or even improving antimicrobial properties, and several downsized synthetic mimics are now in clinical development for a range of infectious diseases. A variety of strategies can be employed to prepare these small compounds and this review describes the different compounds developed to date by adhering to a minimum pharmacophore based on an amphiphilic balance between cationic charge and hydrophobicity. These compounds can be made as small as dipeptides, circumventing the need for large compounds with elaborate three-dimensional structures to generate simplified and potent antimicrobial mimics for a range of medical applications. This review highlight key and recent development in the field of small antimicrobial peptide mimics as a promising class of antimicrobials, illustrating just how small you can go.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christina I. Schroeder
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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Purushotham M, Paul B. Iodinated Diketopiperazines: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Iodinated Analogues of Cyclo(L‐Tyrosine‐L‐Tyrosine) Peptides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Purushotham
- Department of Chemistry Jnana Bharathi Campus Bangalore University Bangalore 560056 India
| | - Bishwajit Paul
- Department of Chemistry Jnana Bharathi Campus Bangalore University Bangalore 560056 India
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Strharsky T, Pindjakova D, Kos J, Vrablova L, Michnova H, Hosek J, Strakova N, Lelakova V, Leva L, Kavanova L, Oravec M, Cizek A, Jampilek J. Study of Biological Activities and ADMET-Related Properties of Novel Chlorinated N-arylcinnamamides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063159. [PMID: 35328580 PMCID: PMC8951032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of eighteen 4-chlorocinnamanilides and eighteen 3,4-dichlorocinnamanilides were designed, prepared and characterized. All compounds were evaluated for their activity against gram-positive bacteria and against two mycobacterial strains. Viability on both cancer and primary mammalian cell lines was also assessed. The lipophilicity of the compounds was experimentally determined and correlated together with other physicochemical properties of the prepared derivatives with biological activity. 3,4-Dichlorocinnamanilides showed a broader spectrum of action and higher antibacterial efficacy than 4-chlorocinnamanilides; however, all compounds were more effective or comparable to clinically used drugs (ampicillin, isoniazid, rifampicin). Of the thirty-six compounds, six derivatives showed submicromolar activity against Staphylococcus aureus and clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). (2E)-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]- 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enamide was the most potent in series 1. (2E)-N-[3,5-bis(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-enamide, (2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enamide, (2E)-3-(3,4-dichloro- phenyl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enamide and (2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]prop-2-enamide were the most active in series 2 and in addition to activity against S. aureus and MRSA were highly active against Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis isolates and against fast-growing Mycobacterium smegmatis and against slow-growing M. marinum, M. tuberculosis non-hazardous test models. In addition, the last three compounds of the above-mentioned showed insignificant cytotoxicity to primary porcine monocyte-derived macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Strharsky
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (H.M.); (J.H.); (J.J.)
| | - Dominika Pindjakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (L.V.)
| | - Jiri Kos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (H.M.); (J.H.); (J.J.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (L.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucia Vrablova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (L.V.)
| | - Hana Michnova
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (H.M.); (J.H.); (J.J.)
| | - Jan Hosek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (H.M.); (J.H.); (J.J.)
| | - Nicol Strakova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Veronika Lelakova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (N.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Lenka Leva
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Lenka Kavanova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Belidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Alois Cizek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (H.M.); (J.H.); (J.J.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.P.); (L.V.)
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Nielsen JE, Alford MA, Yung DBY, Molchanova N, Fortkort JA, Lin JS, Diamond G, Hancock REW, Jenssen H, Pletzer D, Lund R, Barron AE. Self-Assembly of Antimicrobial Peptoids Impacts Their Biological Effects on ESKAPE Bacterial Pathogens. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:533-545. [PMID: 35175731 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising pharmaceutical candidates for the prevention and treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens, which are responsible for the majority of hospital-acquired infections. Clinical translation of AMPs has been limited, in part by apparent toxicity on systemic dosing and by instability arising from susceptibility to proteolysis. Peptoids (sequence-specific oligo-N-substituted glycines) resist proteolytic digestion and thus are of value as AMP mimics. Only a few natural AMPs such as LL-37 and polymyxin self-assemble in solution; whether antimicrobial peptoids mimic these properties has been unknown. Here, we examine the antibacterial efficacy and dynamic self-assembly in aqueous media of eight peptoid mimics of cationic AMPs designed to self-assemble and two nonassembling controls. These amphipathic peptoids self-assembled in different ways, as determined by small-angle X-ray scattering; some adopt helical bundles, while others form core-shell ellipsoidal or worm-like micelles. Interestingly, many of these peptoid assemblies show promising antibacterial, antibiofilm activity in vitro in media, under host-mimicking conditions and antiabscess activity in vivo. While self-assembly correlated overall with antibacterial efficacy, this correlation was imperfect. Certain self-assembled morphologies seem better-suited for antibacterial activity. In particular, a peptoid exhibiting a high fraction of long, worm-like micelles showed reduced antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiabscess activity against ESKAPE pathogens compared with peptoids that form ellipsoidal or bundled assemblies. This is the first report of self-assembling peptoid antibacterials with activity against in vivo biofilm-like infections relevant to clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Morgan Ashley Alford
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Deborah Bow Yue Yung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John A. Fortkort
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Robert E. W. Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Annelise E. Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Recent Antimicrobial Responses of Halophilic Microbes in Clinical Pathogens. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020417. [PMID: 35208871 PMCID: PMC8874722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogens that cause severe infections and are resistant to drugs are simultaneously becoming more active. This urgently calls for novel effective antibiotics. Organisms from extreme environments are known to synthesize novel bioprospecting molecules for biomedical applications due to their peculiar characteristics of growth and physiological conditions. Antimicrobial developments from hypersaline environments, such as lagoons, estuaries, and salterns, accommodate several halophilic microbes. Salinity is a distinctive environmental factor that continuously promotes the metabolic adaptation and flexibility of halophilic microbes for their survival at minimum nutritional requirements. A genetic adaptation to extreme solar radiation, ionic strength, and desiccation makes them promising candidates for drug discovery. More microbiota identified via sequencing and ‘omics’ approaches signify the hypersaline environments where compounds are produced. Microbial genera such as Bacillus, Actinobacteria, Halorubrum and Aspergillus are producing a substantial number of antimicrobial compounds. Several strategies were applied for producing novel antimicrobials from halophiles including a consortia approach. Promising results indicate that halophilic microbes can be utilised as prolific sources of bioactive metabolites with pharmaceutical potentialto expand natural product research towards diverse phylogenetic microbial groups which inhabit salterns. The present study reviews interesting antimicrobial compounds retrieved from microbial sources of various saltern environments, with a discussion of their potency in providing novel drugs against clinically drug-resistant microbes.
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Sori L, Pizzi A, Demitri N, Terraneo G, Frontera A, Metrangolo P. Hydrogen- and halogen bond synergy in the self-assembly of 3,5-dihalo-tyrosines: structural and theoretical insights. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00670g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Halogenation, generally introduced on aromatic aminoacids, is becoming a key supramolecular tool in peptides. Herein, we report the crystal structures and DFT study of two bis-halogenated tyrosines showing the subtle...
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Natural and Synthetic Halogenated Amino Acids-Structural and Bioactive Features in Antimicrobial Peptides and Peptidomimetics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237401. [PMID: 34885985 PMCID: PMC8659048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3D structure and surface characteristics of proteins and peptides are crucial for interactions with receptors or ligands and can be modified to some extent to modulate their biological roles and pharmacological activities. The introduction of halogen atoms on the side-chains of amino acids is a powerful tool for effecting this type of tuning, influencing both the physico-chemical and structural properties of the modified polypeptides, helping to first dissect and then rationally modify features that affect their mode of action. This review provides examples of the influence of different types of halogenation in amino acids that replace native residues in proteins and peptides. Examples of synthetic strategies for obtaining halogenated amino acids are also provided, focusing on some representative compounds and their biological effects. The role of halogenation in native and designed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their mimetics is then discussed. These are in the spotlight for the development of new antimicrobial drugs to counter the rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. AMPs represent an interesting model to study the role that natural halogenation has on their mode of action and also to understand how artificially halogenated residues can be used to rationally modify and optimize AMPs for pharmaceutical purposes.
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Herlan CN, Feser D, Schepers U, Bräse S. Bio-instructive materials on-demand - combinatorial chemistry of peptoids, foldamers, and beyond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11131-11152. [PMID: 34611672 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04237h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Combinatorial chemistry allows for the rapid synthesis of large compound libraries for high throughput screenings in biology, medicinal chemistry, or materials science. Especially compounds from a highly modular design are interesting for the proper investigation of structure-to-activity relationships. Permutations of building blocks result in many similar but unique compounds. The influence of certain structural features on the entire structure can then be monitored and serve as a starting point for the rational design of potent molecules for various applications. Peptoids, a highly diverse class of bioinspired oligomers, suit perfectly for combinatorial chemistry. Their straightforward synthesis on a solid support using repetitive reaction steps ensures easy handling and high throughput. Applying this modular approach, peptoids are readily accessible, and their interchangeable side-chains allow for various structures. Thus, peptoids can easily be tuned in their solubility, their spatial structure, and, consequently, their applicability in various fields of research. Since their discovery, peptoids have been applied as antimicrobial agents, artificial membranes, molecular transporters, and much more. Studying their three-dimensional structure, various foldamers with fascinating, unique properties were discovered. This non-comprehensive review will state the most interesting discoveries made over the past years and arouse curiosity about what may come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Nicole Herlan
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Dominik Feser
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. .,Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz Haber Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Host Defense Peptides: Dual Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011172. [PMID: 34681833 PMCID: PMC8538224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has once again caused bacterial infections to become a global health concern. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), offer a viable solution to these pathogens due to their diverse mechanisms of actions, which include direct killing as well as immunomodulatory properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory activity). HDPs may hence provide a more robust treatment of bacterial infections. In this review, the advent of and the mechanisms that lead to antibiotic resistance will be described. HDP mechanisms of antibacterial and immunomodulatory action will be presented, with specific examples of how the HDP aurein 2.2 and a few of its derivatives, namely peptide 73 and cG4L73, function. Finally, resistance that may arise from a broader use of HDPs in a clinical setting and methods to improve biocompatibility will be briefly discussed.
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Li Z, Cai B, Yang W, Chen CL. Hierarchical Nanomaterials Assembled from Peptoids and Other Sequence-Defined Synthetic Polymers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14031-14087. [PMID: 34342989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In nature, the self-assembly of sequence-specific biopolymers into hierarchical structures plays an essential role in the construction of functional biomaterials. To develop synthetic materials that can mimic and surpass the function of these natural counterparts, various sequence-defined bio- and biomimetic polymers have been developed and exploited as building blocks for hierarchical self-assembly. This review summarizes the recent advances in the molecular self-assembly of hierarchical nanomaterials based on peptoids (or poly-N-substituted glycines) and other sequence-defined synthetic polymers. Modern techniques to monitor the assembly mechanisms and characterize the physicochemical properties of these self-assembly systems are highlighted. In addition, discussions about their potential applications in biomedical sciences and renewable energy are also included. This review aims to highlight essential features of sequence-defined synthetic polymers (e.g., high stability and protein-like high-information content) and how these unique features enable the construction of robust biomimetic functional materials with high programmability and predictability, with an emphasis on peptoids and their self-assembled nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Li
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Wenchao Yang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Wongso H. Natural product-based Radiopharmaceuticals:Focus on curcumin and its analogs, flavonoids, and marine peptides. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:380-393. [PMID: 35811617 PMCID: PMC9257450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products provide a bountiful supply of pharmacologically relevant precursors for the development of various drug-related molecules, including radiopharmaceuticals. However, current knowledge regarding the importance of natural products in developing new radiopharmaceuticals remains limited. To date, several radionuclides, including gallium-68, technetium-99m, fluorine-18, iodine-131, and iodine-125, have been extensively studied for the synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The availability of various radiolabeling methods allows the incorporation of these radionuclides into bioactive molecules in a practical and efficient manner. Of the radiolabeling methods, direct radioiodination, radiometal complexation, and halogenation are generally suitable for natural products owing to their simplicity and robustness. This review highlights the pharmacological benefits of curcumin and its analogs, flavonoids, and marine peptides in treating human pathologies and provides a perspective on the potential use of these bioactive compounds as molecular templates for the design and development of new radiopharmaceuticals. Additionally, this review provides insights into the current strategies for labeling natural products with various radionuclides using either direct or indirect methods. Potential use of natural products for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Profile of potential natural products as molecular templates for the synthesis of new radiopharmaceuticals: Focus on curcumin and its closely related substances, flavonoids, and marine peptides. Radiolabeling strategies, challenges, and examples of natural product-based radiopharmaceuticals under investigation.
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Mustafa YF, Kasim SM, Al-Dabbagh BM, Al-Shakarchi W. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of new azo-coumarinic derivatives. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization, and biomedical assessment of novel bisimidazole–coumarin conjugates. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Diamond G, Molchanova N, Herlan C, Fortkort JA, Lin JS, Figgins E, Bopp N, Ryan LK, Chung D, Adcock RS, Sherman M, Barron AE. Potent Antiviral Activity against HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 by Antimicrobial Peptoids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040304. [PMID: 33807248 PMCID: PMC8066833 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections, such as those caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) and SARS-CoV-2, affect millions of people each year. However, there are few antiviral drugs that can effectively treat these infections. The standard approach in the development of antiviral drugs involves the identification of a unique viral target, followed by the design of an agent that addresses that target. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a novel source of potential antiviral drugs. AMPs have been shown to inactivate numerous different enveloped viruses through the disruption of their viral envelopes. However, the clinical development of AMPs as antimicrobial therapeutics has been hampered by a number of factors, especially their enzymatically labile structure as peptides. We have examined the antiviral potential of peptoid mimics of AMPs (sequence-specific N-substituted glycine oligomers). These peptoids have the distinct advantage of being insensitive to proteases, and also exhibit increased bioavailability and stability. Our results demonstrate that several peptoids exhibit potent in vitro antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 when incubated prior to infection. In other words, they have a direct effect on the viral structure, which appears to render the viral particles non-infective. Visualization by cryo-EM shows viral envelope disruption similar to what has been observed with AMP activity against other viruses. Furthermore, we observed no cytotoxicity against primary cultures of oral epithelial cells. These results suggest a common or biomimetic mechanism, possibly due to the differences between the phospholipid head group makeup of viral envelopes and host cell membranes, thus underscoring the potential of this class of molecules as safe and effective broad-spectrum antiviral agents. We discuss how and why differing molecular features between 10 peptoid candidates may affect both antiviral activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (A.E.B.)
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.A.F.); (J.S.L.)
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Claudine Herlan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.A.F.); (J.S.L.)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - John A. Fortkort
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.A.F.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Jennifer S. Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.A.F.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Erika Figgins
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Nathen Bopp
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Lisa K. Ryan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA;
| | - Donghoon Chung
- Center for Predictive Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Robert Scott Adcock
- Center for Predictive Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Michael Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Annelise E. Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.A.F.); (J.S.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (A.E.B.)
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Renaissance of 4-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)-5-arylamino substituted pyrimidines: microwave-assisted synthesis and antitubercular activity. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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