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Onohuean H, Onohuean EF, Igbinoba S, Odoma S, Usman I, Ifie JE, Alagbonsi AI, Moyosore AA, Udom GJ, Agu PC, Aja PM, Ezeonwumelu JOC, Al‑Kuraishy HM, Batiha GE, Osuntoki AA. In silico pharmacokinetic and therapeutic evaluation of Musa acuminata peels against aluminium chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in adult BALB/c mice. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:46. [PMID: 38800619 PMCID: PMC11116335 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
East Africa (Musa spp.), notably Musa acuminata, "Matooke" a staple and economically important food in the region. Here, 12 selected M. acuminata peels extract (MAPE) bioactive compounds were studied for hepatoprotective potentials in aluminium chloride-induced hepatoxicity in adult BALB/c mice. GC-MS analysis was used to identify active components of MAPE. In silico estimation of the pharmacokinetic, the GCMS-identified compounds' toxicity profile and molecular docking were compared with the standard (Simvastatin) drug. Hepatotoxicity was induced using aluminium-chloride treated with MAPE, followed by biochemical and histopathological examination. Twelve bioactive compounds 2,2-Dichloroacetophenone (72870), Cyclooctasiloxane 18993663), 7-Hydroxy-6,9a-dimethyl-3-methylene-decahydro-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2,9-dione (534579), all-trans-alpha-Carotene (4369188), Cyclononasiloxane (53438479), 3-Chloro-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7a-dimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4H-furo[2,3-c]pyridin-2-one (536708), Pivalic acid (6417), 10,13-Octadecadienoic acid (54284936), Ethyl Linoleate (5282184), Oleic acid (5363269), Tirucallol (101257), Obtusifoliol (65252) were identified by GC-MS. Of these, seven were successfully docked with the target proteins. The compounds possess drug likeness potentials that do not inhibits CYP450 isoforms biotransformation. All the docked compounds were chemoprotective to AMES toxicity, hERGI, hERGII and hepatotoxicity. The animal model reveals MAPE protective effect on liver marker's function while the histological studies show regeneration of the disoriented layers of bile ducts and ameliorate the cellular/histoarchitecture of the hepatic cells induced by AlCl3. The findings indicate that MAPE improved liver functions and ameliorated the hepatic cells' cellular or histoarchitecture induced by AlCl3. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism action and toxicological evaluation of MAPE's chronic or intermittent use to ascertain its safety in whole organism systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Onohuean
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine, and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Eseohe Fanny Onohuean
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine, and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Sharon Igbinoba
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine, and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Saidi Odoma
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ibe Usman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Josiah Eseoghene Ifie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi
- Department of Clinical Biology (Physiology Unit), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | - Afodun Adam Moyosore
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mable, Uganda
| | - Godswill J. Udom
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine, and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, PMB 323, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Peter Chinedu Agu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Obiezu Chukwujekwu Ezeonwumelu
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine, and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Hayder M. Al‑Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gaber El‑Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 AlBeheira Egypt
| | - Akinniyi A. Osuntoki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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More-Adate P, Lokhande KB, Shrivastava A, Doiphode S, Nagar S, Singh A, Baheti A. Pharmacoinformatics approach for the screening of Kovidra (Bauhinia variegata) phytoconstituents against tumor suppressor protein in triple negative breast cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:4263-4282. [PMID: 37288734 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2219744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Globally, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, with 6,85000 mortalities in year 2021; making it the world's most prevalent cancer. This growing global burden necessitates a new treatment option, and plant-based medicines offers a promising alternative to conventional cancer treatment. In this work, screening of phytoconstituents of an indigenous therapeutic plant, Bauhinia variegata carried out for potential regulator of tumor suppressor protein p53. Here, an in-silico analysis was employed to develop more effective, pharmaceutically potent small drug-like compounds that target tumor suppressor protein p53. The methanol and aqueous powdered extracts of Bauhinia variegata were prepared and phytochemically evaluated along with antioxidant property evaluation. The LC50 of methanol (325.33 µg/ml) and aqueous extract (361.15 µg/ml) showed their cytotoxic characteristics. Further, GCMS analysis of both the extracts reveals total 57 secondary metabolites. Among these, four lead compounds; compound 1, compound 2, compound 3 and compound 4 were found to have the highest binding ability (-8.15 to -5.40 kcal/mol) with p53. MD simulation and binding free energy validates these findings with highest binding free energy (-67.09 ± 4.87 kcal/mol) towards p53 by the lead phytocompound 2. Selected compounds exhibit excellent pharmacokinetic features and drug-like characteristics. The acute toxicity (LD50) values of the lead phytocompounds ranges from 670 mg/kg to 3100 mg/kg, with toxicity classes of IV and V. As a result, these druggable phytochemicals could serve as potential lead applicants for triple negative breast cancer treatment. However, more in vitro and in vivo research is planned to produce future breast cancer medicine. HIGHLIGHTSScreening of phytoconstituents of an indigenous therapeutic plant, Bauhinia variegata, for potential regulator of tumor suppressor protein p53.The LC50 of methanol (325.33µg/ml) and aqueous extract (361.15µg/ml) showed their cytotoxic characteristics.GCMS analysis of both the extracts reveals total 57 secondary metabolites. Among these, four lead compounds were found to have the highest binding affinity (-8.153 to -5.401 kcal/mol) with tumor suppressor protein p53.MD simulation along with the Prime MM/GBSA binding free energy validates this discovery with highest binding free energy (-67.09 ± 4.87 kcal/mol) towards p53 by the lead compound 2.The acute toxicity (LD50) values of the lead phytocompounds ranges from 670 mg/kg to 3100 mg/kg, with toxicity classes of IV and V.As a result, these druggable phytochemicals could serve as potential lead applicants for triple negative breast cancer treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi More-Adate
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India
| | - Kiran Bharat Lokhande
- Translational Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Research Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, India
- Bioinformatics Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Ashish Shrivastava
- Translational Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Research Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sayali Doiphode
- Bioinformatics Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Shuchi Nagar
- Bioinformatics Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Translational Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Research Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Greater Noida, India
| | - Akshay Baheti
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India
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Benouchenne D, Bellil I, Bendjedid S, Ramos A, Nieto G, Akkal S, Khelifi D. The First Records of the In Silico Antiviral and Antibacterial Actions of Molecules Detected in Extracts of Algerian Fir ( Abies numidica De Lannoy) Using LC-MS/MS Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1246. [PMID: 38732461 PMCID: PMC11085235 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: Due to the wide application in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry of flavonoid molecules, which are one of the most famous types of secondary plant metabolites, our work has come within the framework of bio-consulting to help in the identification of the molecule(s) responsible for the antibacterial effect which will be the active principle of a natural antibiotic developed from Algerian fir using bioinformatics tools. (2) Methods: The docking method was used to test the antiviral activity on SARS-CoV-2 virus and the antibacterial activity on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli of 12 polyphenolic molecules present in the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Numidian fir leaves, and identify the molecules responsible for these specific biological activities. (3) Results: The findings revealed that it is possible that two molecules, hyperoside and quercitrin, have a high capacity to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, and it is important to mention that they are the most quantitatively abundant molecules in the extract. The molecule luteolin-7-glucoside is probably responsible for the antibacterial activity in the extract against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, and the molecule hesperidin is responsible for the antibacterial activity in the extract against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djamila Benouchenne
- Laboratoire de Génétique Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (D.B.); (I.B.); (D.K.)
- Higher National School of Biotechnology, Taoufik KHAZNADAR, Nouveau Pôle Universitaire Ali Mendjili, BP. E66, Constantine 25100, Algeria
| | - Ines Bellil
- Laboratoire de Génétique Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (D.B.); (I.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Samira Bendjedid
- Research Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Chadli Bendjedid University, El Tarf 36000, Algeria;
| | - Ana Ramos
- Neuroscience and Aging Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Calle 51 n°51-27, Medellin 050012, Colombia
| | - Gema Nieto
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Salah Akkal
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Natural Products and Organic Synthesis (Physynor), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University Brother Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
| | - Douadi Khelifi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (D.B.); (I.B.); (D.K.)
- Higher National School of Biotechnology, Taoufik KHAZNADAR, Nouveau Pôle Universitaire Ali Mendjili, BP. E66, Constantine 25100, Algeria
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Brindhadevi K, Subramanian SA, Kim PT, Wadaan MA, Selvam DR, Kim SJ. Antimicrobial and anti-diabetic efficiency of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts and major compounds characterization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118061. [PMID: 38157967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This research was performed to investigate the bactericidal and fungicidal competence of extracts (methanol and petroleum ether extract) of Polyalthia longifolia leaf. Moreover, the major active compounds present in the effective crude extract (either methanol or petroleum ether extract) was determined through initially with UV-Vis spectra, FTIR, and GC-MS analyses. The methanol extract alone showed remarkable bactericidal and fungicidal activity against the bacterial (S. pyogenes > E. coli > S. aureus > S. pneumoniae > C. difficile > P. aeruginosa) and fungal (A. clavatus > C. albicans > A. niger > A. fumigatus > C. tropicalis > C. auris) pathogens at increased concentration (12.5 mg mL-1) than petroleum ether extract. The MIC and MBC values of methanol extract were found as 10-20 mg mL-1 and 30-40 mg mL-1 respectively. The MFC value of methanol extract was found as 10-20 mg mL-1. These MIC, MBC, and MFC values of methanol extract were considerably greater than petroleum ether extract. The FTIR and GC-MS characterization studies revealed that the presence of more acre functional groups belonging to bioactive compounds such as Z)-7-Hexadecenal, Aromandendrene, α-Curcumene, Caryophyllene, Methyl 14-methyl Pentadecanoat, Methyl trans-13-Octadecenoate, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, and 2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl)ethyl. As a result of these findings, it is possible that P. longifolia leaf methanol extract contains medicinally important bioactive substances with bactericidal and fungicidal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - Sivakumar Allur Subramanian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - P T Kim
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, P.O. Box. 2455, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Robert Selvam
- Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Health Centre, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea.
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Gnanaselvan S, Yadav SA, Manoharan SP. Structure-based virtual screening of anti-breast cancer compounds from Artemisia absinthium-insights through molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and molecular dynamic simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3267-3285. [PMID: 37194295 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2212805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the world's second most frequent malignancy, with a significant mortality and morbidity rate. Nowadays, natural breast cancer medicine has piqued attention as disease-curing agent with low side effects. Herein, the leaf powder of Artemisia absinthium was extracted with ethanol, and GC-MS and LC-MS methods were employed to identify the phytocompounds. Using commercial software SeeSAR-9.2 and StarDrop, identified phytocompounds were docked with estrogen and progesterone breast cancer receptors as they promote breast cancer growth to find the binding affinity of the ligands, drugability, and toxicity. Hormone-mediated breast cancer accounts for about 80% of all cases of breast cancer. Cancer cells proliferate when estrogen and progesterone hormones are attached to these receptors. The molecular docking results demonstrated that 3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyisoflavanone (THIF) has stronger binding efficacy than standard drugs and other phytocompounds with -28.71 (3 hydrogen bonds) and -24.18 kcal/mol (6 hydrogen bonds) binding energies for estrogen and progesterone receptors, respectively. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity analysis were done to predict the drug-likeness of THIF which results in good drugability and less toxicity. The best fit THIF was subjected to a molecular dynamics simulation analysis by using Gromacs to analyze the conformational changes that occurred during protein-ligand interaction and found that, the structural changes were observed. The results from MD simulation and pharmacokinetic studies suggested that THIF can be expected that in vitro and in vivo research on this compound may lead to the development of a potent anti-breast cancer drug in the future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvathika Gnanaselvan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sowmya Priya Manoharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mansi, Balyan U, Bhutani C, Khanna L, Rao S, Singh R, Khanna P. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Optimization, Phytochemical Screening and Analysis of Phenolics from Cycas Zeylanica and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301436. [PMID: 38358064 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The present study focuses on investigating the phytochemical screening of indigenous species, C. zeylanica, for the first time. The leaf extracts have been prepared using ultrasound-assisted methods to obtain the best extraction results using different time and temperature conditions such as 30, 60, and 90 min. and 30, 40, and 60 °C, respectively. The results have been optimized using response surface methodology. Under the optimal extraction conditions of 60 °C for 43.57 minutes, an extract was produced with a yield of 0.238 g and a high total phenolic content of 181.1965 mg GAE/g. The total phenolic content has been evaluated and the presence of gallic acid has been confirmed through the HPLC technique. The optimal extract (OE) showed excellent antioxidant activity for the DPPH assay, with an IC50 of 3.1 μg/ml. Finally, GC-MS profiling has been done to screen the volatile component of the plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Upasna Balyan
- University School of Chemical Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Charu Bhutani
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Leena Khanna
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Satya Rao
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Rita Singh
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Pankaj Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi, -110019, India
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Fazeela MBS, Sankarram M. Phytochemical characterization by GC-MS and in vitro evaluation of antiproliferative and antimigratory studies of Leucas aspera leaf extracts on MDA-MB-231 cell line. BIOTECHNOLOGIA 2024; 105:55-68. [PMID: 38633889 PMCID: PMC11020152 DOI: 10.5114/bta.2024.135642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most recurrently identified and one of women's prominent causes of death. Currently, researchers have turned their focus on natural chemicals from synthetic chemicals due to their environmental, economic, and health benefits. Considering this, the medicinal plant Leucas aspera was chosen for the current study. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites from L. aspera and determine the antiproliferative and antimigratory activities in the MDA-MB-231 cell line under in vitro conditions. Phytochemicals from L. aspera were isolated through sequential extraction using hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. These extracts were qualitatively screened, subjected to FT-IR, and analyzed using GC-MS. The antiproliferative activity was determined through the MTT assay. Scratch assay was utilized to determine the antimigratory activity of the plant extracts. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, galactose, tannins, saponins, and amino acids in the extracts. The results of the cell viability assay indicated that the crude dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited cell proliferation, with inhibitory concentrations of 5 and 3 μg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the crude hexane extract did not exhibit any cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the scratch assay results showed that the plant extracts had cell migration inhibitory properties. The outcomes of the current study conclude that L. aspera possesses active therapeutic agents with strong anticancer potential, effectively impeding the proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231. Further studies are needed to identify the potential active agents that contribute to these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megasri Sankarram
- B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Tamil Nadu, India
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El-Lateef HMA, Khalaf MM, Taleb MFA, Gouda M. Chromatographic Fingerprinting of Cacao Pod Husk Extracts (Theobroma cacao L.): Exploring Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Properties with In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04912-8. [PMID: 38526663 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural drugs derived from plants are becoming more popular because of their apparent biological efficacy, affordability, and safety. A byproduct of cocoa farms, cocoa pod husk (CPH), is often disregarded yet contains an abundance of phenolic chemicals that have antimicrobial and antioxidant features, which has led to intensive investigation into possible biomedical applications. In order to identify crucial functional groups and phytochemical components, we carefully examined the 80% ethanol and dichloromethane extracts of CPH using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and HPLC. The antibacterial and antioxidant properties of such extracts and their impact on cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase were explored. According to our results, the 80% ethanol and dichloromethane extracts contained 19 and 12 phytochemical components, respectively. Interestingly, at 250 µg/mL, all CPH extracts showed strong antibacterial properties that totally prevented the bacterial growth. At 66.6% and 82.7%, respectively, the ethanol and dichloromethane extracts showed impressive antioxidant and DPPH scavenging capabilities where the ethanol extract showed a substantially lower IC50 value of 35.26 µg/mL than the dichloromethane extract, which had an IC50 value of 23.88 µg/mL. Furthermore, the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of the dichloromethane extract was found to be better, as shown by its IC50 value of 126.5 µg/mL, which was lower than that of the ethanol extract at 151.3 µg/mL. The extracts' compatibility was verified by cytotoxicity tests, which revealed no appreciable alterations in the cell lines. Additionally, novel in silico molecular docking experiments were performed on 25 discovered compounds, providing insight into their possible bioactivity. Broad-spectrum activities of extracts were confirmed by molecular docking investigations aimed at interacting with α-glucosidase proteins. Our thorough analysis makes CPH extracts seem like the excellent candidates for biomedical uses. These results provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of CPH extracts and pave the way for the development of innovative medications and natural remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mai M Khalaf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Manal F Abou Taleb
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Gouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
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Manojkumar S, Thandeeswaran M, Thangavel SK, Arjunan A, Muthuselvam M, Kalaiarasi G, Gnanajothi K. Phytochemical Screening, In Silico Molecular Docking, ADME Properties, and In Vitro Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activity of Marine Halophyte Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11200-11216. [PMID: 38496978 PMCID: PMC10938337 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Medicinally valuable components derived from natural resources are highly desirable as prospective alternatives to synthetic drugs to treat fatal diseases, such as cancer and diabetes mellitus. Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort (Amaranthaceae) (S. maritima) is a halophyte plant that can thrive in saline environments and possesses excellent medicinal properties. Hence, for the present investigation, S. maritima has been chosen, and its phytochemical constituents have been extracted utilizing various solvents, including hexane, acetone, and methanol, and identified by GC-MS, LC-MS, and HPLC analyses. The antioxidant activity of the compounds using DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power assays demonstrated that all three extracts of S. maritima possessed significant radical scavenging activity comparable to standard ascorbic acid with lower IC50 values (69.20-95.58 μg/mL). In addition, the evaluation of antidiabetic activity by α-amylase inhibition and α-glucosidase inhibition methods revealed that the acetone extract of S. maritima (SMAE) displayed equipotent activity of standard acarbose with an IC50 of 32.6 μg/mL. Advantageously, SMAE also exhibited better inhibition activity against the growth of lung cancer cells with an IC50 of 78.19. μg/mL and less toxicity on the noncancerous HUVEC cells with a high IC50 of 300 μg/mL. In addition, the cancer cell death mechanism via the apoptotic pathway induced by SMAE was confirmed by DAPI staining and ROS analysis. The analysis of ADME properties, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, witnessed that the physicochemical and druglikeness factors were best catered by stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, and vitamin E. Further, the key phytochemicals identified from SMAE were docked with CtBP1 and SOX2 bound to importin-α target proteins associated with carcinogenic pathways using Schrodinger software. The results showed that the phytochemicals, scilicet, stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, octadecadienoic acid, and vitamin E, showed a good binding affinity with Glide scores in the range -2.845-4.018 kcal/mol. Overall, the findings support that the least investigated traditional edible medicinal mangrove-related S. maritima is high in pharmacologically active constituents and might be one of the finest sources of naturally derived molecules for drug development and delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Manojkumar
- Translational
Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Thandeeswaran
- Metabolomics/Proteomics
Facility, Bharathiar Cancer Theranostics Research Centre, RUSA 2.0, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Annavi Arjunan
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manickam Muthuselvam
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Giriraj Kalaiarasi
- Centre
for Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kapildev Gnanajothi
- Translational
Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ejaz U, Afzal M, Naveed M, Amin ZS, Atta A, Aziz T, Kainat G, Mehmood N, Alharbi M, Alasmari AF. Pharmacological evaluation and phytochemical profiling of butanol extract of L. edodes with in- silico virtual screening. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5751. [PMID: 38459108 PMCID: PMC10923892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
L. edodes (L. edodes) is the most consumed mushroom in the world and has been well known for its therapeutic potential as an edible and medicinal candidate, it contains dietary fibers, vitamins, proteins, minerals, and carbohydrates. In the current study butanolic extract of mushroom was used to form semisolid butanol extract. The current study aimed to explore biometabolites that might have biological activities in n-butanol extract of L. edodes using FT-IR and GC-MS and LC-MS. The synergistic properties of bioactive compounds were futher assessed by performing different biological assays such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic. FTIR spectra showed different functional groups including amide N-H group, Alkane (C-H stretching), and (C = C stretching) groups at different spectrum peaks in the range of 500 cm-1 to 5000 cm-1 respectively. GC-MS profiling of n-butanol extract depicted 34 potent biomolecules among those dimethyl; Morphine, 2TMS derivative; Benzoic acid, methyl ester 1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol were spotted at highest range. Results indicate that L. edodes n-butanol extract showed a maximum anti-inflammatory potential 91.4% at 300 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity was observed by measuring free radical scavenging activity which is 64.6% at optimized concentration along with good antidiabetic activity. In-silico study executed the biopotential of active ingredient morphine which proved the best docking score (- 7.0 kJ/mol) against aldose reductase. The in-silico drug design analysis was performed on biometabolites detected through GC-MS that might be a potential target for sulfatase-2 to treat ruminated arthritis. Morphine binds more strongly (- 7.9 kJ/mol) than other bioactive constituents indicated. QSAR and ADMET analysis shown that morphine is a good candidates against ruminated arthritis. The current study showed that L. edodes might be used as potent drug molecules to cure multiple ailments. As mushrooms have high bioactivity, they can be used against different diseases and to develop antibacterial drugs based on the current situation in the world in which drug resistance is going to increase due to misuse of antibiotics so new and noval biological active compounds are needed to overcome the situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Ejaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zeemal Seemab Amin
- School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Asia Atta
- Department of Biochemistry, Nur international university, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Laboratory of Animal Health Food Hygiene and Quality, University of Ioannina, 47132, Arta, Greece.
| | - Gul Kainat
- Department of Microbiology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Noshaba Mehmood
- School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Zamira D, Khaydarov K, Zafar M, Ramadan MF, Ahmad M, Aziza N, Ochilov U, Zebiniso U, Farzona D. Comprehensive study of allergenic tree species: Palynological insights enhanced by HPLC and GC-MS profiling. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5774. [PMID: 37972935 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Considering the limited data available on tree species in Uzbekistan, this research aimed to provide new insights. We gathered plant samples from different locations within Samarkand city and thoughtfully selected 15 tree species that represent the country's flora. Using scanning electron microscopy, we conducted comprehensive analyses of pollen morphology, revealing a diverse range of variations in the shapes, dimensions, and surface characteristics displayed by pollen grains. Distinct ornamentations such as micro-echinate, reticulate, rugulate, gemmate-verrucate, and verrucate-scabrate patterns facilitated the differentiation of species. These scanning electron microscopy findings enhance our comprehension of tree species diversity, adaptation, and ecological roles. In addition, leaf extracts were analyzed using HPLC and GC-MS, revealing a plethora of bioactive compounds, including catechins, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, and others. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of seven key compounds, including 1-hexadecyne, 2-chloroethanol, 1,6-heptadiene, 2-methyl-, 5-bromoadamantan-2-one, ethyl 3-(3-pyridyl) propenoate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and quercetin. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of this method in assessing the quality of leaf extracts from tree species by examining both microscopic characteristics and chemical composition. This multifaceted approach has deepened our understanding of the characteristics and chemical compositions of these trees, thus contributing to a more profound appreciation of their ecological significance and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djumayeva Zamira
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Khislat Khaydarov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nozimova Aziza
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Ulugbek Ochilov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Umurzakova Zebiniso
- Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
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12
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Bhat SA, Zargar MI, Wani SUD, Mohiuddin I, Masoodi MH, Shakeel F, Ali M, Mehdi S. In-vitro evaluation of Indigofera heterantha extracts for antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2024; 10:7. [PMID: 38268049 PMCID: PMC10809583 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-024-00328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant bacterial strains cause several serious infections that can be fatal, such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae (often referred to as ESKAPE pathogens). Since ancient times, several indigenous medical systems in India have utilized diverse medicinal plants (approximately 80,000 species) as conventional treatments for a variety of illnesses. A member of the Fabaceae family, also referred to as "Himalayan indigo," Indigofera heterantha Wall, is well known for its therapeutic properties. METHODS The present study investigated the antibacterial, antifungal and antihelmintic properties of the roots, bark, leaves, and flowers of I. heterantha from the Kashmir Himalayas. The effectiveness of the extracts against bacteria, fungi, and earthworms. Three of the tested organisms for bacteria were ESKAPE pathogens, as they are responsible for creating fatal bacterial infections. The antifungal potency of I. heterantha aqueous and methanolic extracts was evaluated using the Agar Well Diffusion Assay. The antihelmintic activity was carried out on an adult Pheretima posthuma Indian earth worm, which shares physiological and anatomical similarities with human intestinal roundworm parasites. RESULTS The methanolic extracts of root and bark have shown prominent activity against all bacterial strains, whereas aqueous extracts of flower, root, and leaves have shown promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The aqueous extract demonstrated good activity against S. cerevisiae at a concentration of 200 mg/ml with a zone of inhibition of 16 mm, while the methanolic extract displayed comparable activity against the fungal strains. The remaining two strains, P. crysogenum and A. fumigatus, were only moderately active in response to the extracts. All the extracts have shown anthelmintic activity except aqueous flower. CONCLUSION These results will pave the way for the bioassay-guided isolation of bioactive constituents that may act as hits for further development as potential antibacterial agents against drug-resistant microbial and helminthic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Mohammed Iqbal Zargar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Ishfaq Mohiuddin
- Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, East Point College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, 560049, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G Nagar, Nagamagala, Bellur, Karnataka, 571418, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, 570015, India
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Riaz R, Parveen S, Rashid M, Shafiq N. Combined Experimental and Theoretical Insights: Spectroscopic and Molecular Investigation of Polyphenols from Fagonia indica via DFT, UV-vis, and FT-IR Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:730-740. [PMID: 38222607 PMCID: PMC10785638 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This review deals with computational study of polyphenolic compounds of medicinal importance and interest for drug development. Herein, four polyphenolic compounds comprising catechol (1), caffeic acid (II), gallic acid (III), and pyrogallol (IV) have been isolated from a medicinal specie, Fagonia indica, by applying silica gel column chromatography. These compounds were identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and confirmed by geometric computational analysis. According to computational results, caffeic acid has shown the highest biological activation due to higher chemical softness, electronegativity (χ (eV) = -648.644), and electrostatic potential value (-8.424 × 10-2 to +8.424 × 10-2), while smaller values of chemical potential (-0.269), ELUMO (-0.080), and energy gap (ΔE = 0.149). The Mulliken atomic charges were calculated by using DFT/B3LYP with basis set 6-311G for the determination of active sites. The oxygen atom of catechol showed highest nucleophilic characteristic with a more negative charge (08 = -0.695), and pyrogallol indicated a strong electrophilic center at C14 = 0.415 with a higher positive charge. Moreover, UV-visible absorption spectra and a detailed study of vibrational frequencies for all phenolic compounds by employing the DFT approach with 3-21G, 6-31G, and 6-311G basis sets at the ground-state level showed the great agreement with experimental results. ANOVA has been applied to validate the theoretical data. Results suggest that compounds I-IV are suitable in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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14
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Pant P, Sati SC, Kumar P, Koranga A. Mycochemical composition and antioxidant activity of root endophytic aquatic hyphomycetes isolated from the riparian area of Kumaun Himalaya, India. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-5. [PMID: 38143321 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2297406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are essential sources of various bioactive natural compounds. The present study is aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant compounds of the root endophytic aquatic hyphomycetous fungi Tetracladium setigerum isolated from the roots of Barberries aristata growing in the riparian area of Nainital, Kumaun Himalaya. The chemical profiling was done by GC-MS analysis. The presence of 32 compounds characterised the fungal extract. 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester; Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; and Bicyclo [3.2.1]octan-4-on-1-carbonsaeure,6-(6,10dimethyl-1,5,9-undecatrien-2-yl)-8-methyl-, ethyl ester were reported as major compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of T. setigerum. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was assessed by DPPH, MCA, and FRAP assay. In antioxidant analysis, the ethyl acetate extract of T. setigerum presents IC50, 42.34 µg/ml, and 46.90 µg/ml using DPPH and MCA, respectively. The tested extract also showed effective antioxidant activity 436.71 ± 9.3 mg AAE/g of the dry extract using FRAP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Pant
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S C Sati
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Parikshit Kumar
- Department of Botany, Harsh Vidya Mandir (P.G.) College, Raisi, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anjali Koranga
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
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15
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Kumari A, Prakash V, Gupta D, Kashyap L, Goyal R, Chopra H, Gautam RK, Chakraborty S, Chandran D, Dhama K. Identification and evaluation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of Rubus ellipticus leaves. NARRA J 2023; 3:e152. [PMID: 38455614 PMCID: PMC10919704 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Rubus ellipticus is a native plant to India's tropical and subtropical regions and has been used as a traditional medicinal. The aim of study was to identify and evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of R. ellipticus leaves (HEERE). The leaves were collected from the Narkanda Valley, India and were shade-dried and finely ground to produce the powder. The hydroethanolic extract was utilized for phytochemical analysis to determine the existence of carbohydrate, phenolic, terpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, glycoside, tannin, protein, and alkaloid. The HEERE was futher analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the characterization of the phytoconstituents. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus as well as Aspergillus niger. To assess its anti-arthritic activities, different doses of HEERE were given orally to complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced albino Wistar rats for twenty-one days. The GC-MS analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from leaves detected and identified the presence of 33 phytochemical compounds. HEERE showed significant effects against E. coli, S. aureus, and A. niger strains at 600 ppm. Our data indicated that HEERE 200 mg/kg was more effective than 50 mg/kg as anti-arthritis. Paw volume, ankle-joint diameter, the number leucocytes, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were all significantly reduced in experimental rats. Furthermore, when compared to respective standard drugs, the body weight, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and synobium healing effect have all improved. These data demonstrated the potential of R. ellipticus for the long-term investigation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Kumari
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Ambala College of Enginnering and Applied Research, Devsthali, Ambala, India
| | - Vinit Prakash
- Department of Applied Sciences, Global Group of Institutes, Amritsar, India
| | - Dinesh Gupta
- Department of Silviculture and Forestry, University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Lokender Kashyap
- Department of Agriculture, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | - Rajat Goyal
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
| | | | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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16
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Atiq-Ur-Rehman. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane extract of Fagonia indica Burm.f. with hypoglycaemic potential. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3702-3710. [PMID: 35776099 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2092731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical investigation of n-hexane extract of the aerial parts of Fagonia indica to identify hypoglycaemic compounds. Also, to investigate this extract for lactase enzyme inhibition responsible for hypoglycaemic activity. Phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis and lactase inhibition of n-hexane extract was performed by the standard methods. GC-MS analytical study identified 15 compounds in this extract. The maximum percentage of lactase enzyme inhibition of n-hexane extract was 26.21 ± 1.25% (IC50 value of 311.2 ± 16.09 μg/mL) at 100 μg/mL concentration. The standard acarbose showed lactase inhibition of 63.21 ± 0.92% (IC50 value of 32.51 ± 0.85 µg/mL) at the same concentration. n-Hexane extract can be a potential source in the management of diabetes due to the presence of biologically active hypoglycaemic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiq-Ur-Rehman
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hajvery University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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17
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Nagre K, Singh N, Ghoshal C, Tandon G, Iquebal MA, Nain T, Bana RS, Meena A. Probing the potential of bioactive compounds of millets as an inhibitor for lifestyle diseases: molecular docking and simulation-based approach. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1228172. [PMID: 37823087 PMCID: PMC10562582 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1228172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Millets are becoming more popular as a healthy substitute for people with lifestyle disorders. They offer dietary fiber, polyphenols, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, protein, and antioxidants. The nutritional importance of millets leads to the present in-silico study of selective bioactive compounds docked against the targets of lifestyle diseases, viz., diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis using molecular docking and molecular simulations approach. Pharmacokinetic analysis was also carried out to analyse ADME properties and toxicity analysis, drug-likeliness, and finally target prediction for new targets for uncharacterized compounds or secondary targets for recognized molecules by Swiss Target Prediction was also done. The docking results revealed that the bioactive compound flavan-4-ol, among all the 50 compounds studied, best docked to all the four targets of lifestyle diseases, viz., Human dipeptidyl peptidase IV (-5.94 kcal mol-1 binding energy), Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (-6.49 kcal mol-1) diabetes-related enzyme, the Human angiotensin-converting enzyme (-6.31 kcal mol-1) which plays a significant role in hypertension, and Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (-4.67 kcal mol-1) for atherosclerosis. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis substantiates that the flavan-4-ol forms a better stability complex with all the targets. ADMET profiles further strengthened the candidature of the flavan-4-ol bioactive compound to be considered for trial as an inhibitor of targets DPPIV, SGLT2, PCSK9, and hACE. We suggest that more research be conducted, taking Flavon-4-ol into account where it can be used as standard treatment for lifestyle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Nagre
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandrika Ghoshal
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Gitanjali Tandon
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarsem Nain
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Bana
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Meena
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Beechwal, Bikaner, India
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Yasmin F, Nazli ZIH, Shafiq N, Aslam M, Bin Jardan YA, Nafidi HA, Bourhia M. Plant-Based Bioactive Phthalates Derived from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis: As In Vitro and In Silico Enzyme Inhibition. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32677-32689. [PMID: 37720793 PMCID: PMC10500580 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is an attractive, ever-blossoming, and effortlessly available plant around the globe. The fabulous flowers of H. rosa-sinensis enjoy a significant status in folk medicine throughout the world and comprise a range of phyto constituents due to which this splendid flower owns numerous biological and pharmaceutical activities like antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiabetic, and antifertility activity. Considering this, column chromatographic isolation of the phytoconstituents of ethyl acetate fraction of the flowers of H. rosa-sinensis was performed. A series of five phthalates including Di-n-octyl phthalate (HR1), ditridecyl phthalate (HR2), 1-allyl 2-ethyl phthalate (HR3), diethyl phthalate (HR4), and bis (6-methylheptyl) phthalate (HR5) were isolated. The structures of the isolated phthalates were elucidated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. In silico and in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant potential and DFT studies of isolated phthalates were carried out. In our study, isolated ligands were explored as potent antidiabetic as well as antioxidant agents as they exhibited good binding affinity (in in vitro and in silico experiments) against all selected protein targets. Compounds HR1-HR5 showed that the binding affinity value ranged from -5.9 to -5.2 kcal/mol, -5.5 to -4.3 kcal/mol, and -5.0 to -4.1 kcal/mol for target proteins 1HNY, 2I3Y, and 5O40, respectively. Among all isolated phthalates, HR5 can be a lead compound as it showed the best binding affinity with human pancreatic α-amylase (ΔG = -5.9 kcal/mol) and displayed a minimum inhibition concentration (IC50) of 11.69 μM among all phthalates. Compound HR1 was the best docked and scored compound for inhibiting glutathione peroxidase; however, HR2 possessed the lowest binding score of -5.0 kcal/mol, thus indicating the highest potential among isolated phthalates for inhibiting the superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, the top-ranked docked ligand-protein complex for each protein was assessed for stability of protein and complex mobility by molecular dynamics simulation using the IMOD server.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Synthetic
and Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zill-i-Huma Nazli
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Synthetic
and Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Aslam
- Green
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, P.O. Box, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department
of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City G1 V 0A6, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
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19
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Pradhan S, Hore S, Roy S, Manna S, Dam P, Mondal R, Ghati A, Biswas T, Shaw S, Sharma S, Singh WS, Maji SK, Roy S, Basu A, Pandey KC, Samanta S, Vashisht K, Dolai TK, Kundu PK, Mitra S, Biswas D, Sadat A, Shokriyan M, Maity AB, Mandal AK, İnce İA. Geo-environmental factors and the effectiveness of mulberry leaf extract in managing malaria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14808. [PMID: 37684270 PMCID: PMC10491663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria prevalence has become medically important and a socioeconomic impediment for the endemic regions, including Purulia, West Bengal. Geo-environmental variables, humidity, altitude, and land use patterns are responsible for malaria. For surveillance of the endemic nature of Purulia's blocks, statistical and spatiotemporal factors analysis have been done here. Also, a novel approach for the Pf malaria treatment using methanolic leaf extract of Morus alba S1 has significantly reduced the parasite load. The EC50 value (1.852) of the methanolic extract of M. alba S1 with P. falciparum 3D7 strain is close to the EC50 value (0.998) of the standard drug chloroquine with the same chloroquine-sensitive strain. Further studies with an in-silico model have shown successful interaction between DHFR and the phytochemicals. Both 1-octadecyne and oxirane interacted favourably, which was depicted through GC-MS analysis. The predicted binary logistic regression model will help the policy makers for epidemiological surveillance in malaria-prone areas worldwide when substantial climate variables create a circumstance favourable for malaria. From the in vitro and in silico studies, it can be concluded that the methanolic extract of M. alba S1 leaves were proven to have promising antiplasmodial activity. Thus, there is a scope for policy-driven approach for discovering and developing these lead compounds and undermining the rising resistance to the frontline anti-malarial drugs in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Pradhan
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
- Hematology Department, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Samrat Hore
- Department of Statistics, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Stabak Roy
- Department of Geography and Disaster Management, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Simi Manna
- Department of Bio-Medical Laboratory Science and Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Paulami Dam
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Rittick Mondal
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Amit Ghati
- Department of Microbiology, Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, Barrackpore, West Bengal, 700120, India
| | - Trishanjan Biswas
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Subhajit Shaw
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Supriya Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | | | - Suman Kumar Maji
- District Public Health Centre, Deben Mahata Government Medical College and Hospital, Purulia, West Bengal, 723101, India
| | - Sankarsan Roy
- PH and CD Branch, Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, Purulia, West Bengal, 723101, India
| | - Aparajita Basu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Kailash C Pandey
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Soumadri Samanta
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Phase X, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Kapil Vashisht
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Tuphan Kanti Dolai
- Hematology Department, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Pratip Kumar Kundu
- Department of Microbiology, Santiniketan Medical College, Gobindapur, Muluk, Bolpur, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731204, India
| | - Saptarshi Mitra
- Department of Geography and Disaster Management, Tripura University, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Debasish Biswas
- Department of Economics, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Abdul Sadat
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Masuma Shokriyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amit Bikram Maity
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (S.S.K.M. Hospital), Kolkata, West Bengal, 700020, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India.
- Centre for Nanotechnology Sciences, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India.
| | - İkbal Agah İnce
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
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20
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Singh N, Mishra S, Mondal A, Sharma D, Jain N, Aseri GK. Potential of Desert Medicinal Plants for Combating Resistant Biofilms in Urinary Tract Infections. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5568-5582. [PMID: 35666381 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections worldwide, with 11% of the global population getting infected every year. These infections are largely attributed to quorum sensing (QS)-dependent ability of pathogens to form biofilms in the urinary tract. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing, and the use of antimicrobial medicines in the future is yet uncertain. The desert medicinal plants have great potential to treat several diseases as per the available ethnobotanical database. Some of these plants have been used in folklore medicines to treat urinary tract infections also. There are many bioactive compounds derived from these desert medicinal plants that have been documented to possess antimicrobial as well as antibiofilm activity against uropathogens. The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of these plant extracts have been reported in the range of 31.5-250 μg/mL. The rising prevalence of drug-resistant diseases necessitates standardised modern analytical technologies to detect and isolate novel bioactive compounds from medicinal plants. This review seeks to combine the studies of desert plants with antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing properties, supporting their sustainable use in treatment of urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India
| | - Shivam Mishra
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, India Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Asmita Mondal
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India
| | - Deepansh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India
| | - Neelam Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India.
| | - G K Aseri
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India.
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21
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Sravya MVN, Simhachalam G, Kumar NSS, Govindarao K, Sandeep TR, Divya D. Anti-pathogenicity of Acanthus ilicifolius leaf extracts against A. hydrophila infection in Labeo rohita fingerlings. AMB Express 2023; 13:86. [PMID: 37598392 PMCID: PMC10440336 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01595-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become one of the inevitable barrier in aquaculture disease management. Herbal drugs has evolved to be the novel ways of combating drug resistant pathogens. In the current investigation, leaf extracts of mangrove plant, Acanthus ilicifolius were assessed for in vitro studies, among the selected four extracts, methanol extract has expressed highest antibacterial activity against P .aeruginosa (4 ± 0.3 mm), A. hydrophila (5.9 ± 0.5 mm), S. aureus (3.5 ± 0.7 mm) and B. subtilis (2.9 ± 0.5 mm) and antioxidant activity, DPPH (81.3 ± 1.0 AAEµg/ml) and FRAP (139.1 ± 1.5 AAEµg/ml).TPC and TFC were higher in the methanolic extract and has exhibited positive correlation with both DPPH and FRAP assays. Considering the in vitro efficiency, methanol extract was purified successively by column and thin layer chromatography and characterisation by GC-MS unveiled the presence of 2-Propanethiol, Trimethylphosphine, Pentanoyl chloride, Dimethylhydroxymethylphosphine and Propanedinitrile, ethylidene. A. hydrophila infected L. rohita fingerlings has survival percentage 81% and 94% in extract treated groups over 0% in negative control and 71% in positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V N Sravya
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India
| | - G Simhachalam
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India.
| | - N S Sampath Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India
| | - K Govindarao
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India
| | - T Rahul Sandeep
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India
| | - D Divya
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India
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22
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Sharma S, Kumar V, Yaseen M, S Abouzied A, Arshad A, Bhat MA, Naglah AM, Patel CN, Sivakumar PK, Sourirajan A, Shahzad A, Dev K. Phytochemical Analysis, In Vitro Biological Activities, and Computer-Aided Analysis of Potentilla nepalensis Hook Compounds as Potential Melanoma Inhibitors Based on Molecular Docking, MD Simulations, and ADMET. Molecules 2023; 28:5108. [PMID: 37446769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potentilla nepalensis Hook is a perennial Himalayan medicinal herb of the Rosaceae family. The present study aimed to evaluate biological activities such as the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities of roots and shoots of P. nepalensis and its synergistic antibacterial activity with antibacterial drugs. Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods were used for the calculation of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC). A DPPH radical scavenging assay and broth dilution method were used for the determination of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the root and shoot extracts of P. nepalensis. Cytotoxic activity was determined using a colorimetric MTT assay. Further, phytochemical characterization of the root and shoot extracts was performed using the Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) method. The TPC and TFC were found to be higher in the methanolic root extract of P. nepalensis. The methanolic shoot extract of P. nepalensis showed good antioxidant activity, while then-hexane root extract of P. nepalensis showed strong cytotoxic activity against tested SK-MEL-28 cells. Subsequently, in silico molecular docking studies of the identified bioactive compounds predicted potential anticancer properties. This study can lead to the production of new herbal medicines for various diseases employing P. nepalensis, leading to the creation of new medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, P.O. Box 9, Head Post Office, Solan 173212, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh, Swat 19130, Pakistan
| | - Amr S Abouzied
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt
| | | | - Mashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Naglah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chirag N Patel
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, University School of Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
- Biotechnology Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi 9639, United Arab Emirates
| | - Prasanth Kumar Sivakumar
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, University School of Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Anuradha Sourirajan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, P.O. Box 9, Head Post Office, Solan 173212, India
| | - Adnan Shahzad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Charbagh, Swat 19130, Pakistan
| | - Kamal Dev
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, P.O. Box 9, Head Post Office, Solan 173212, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 4543, USA
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23
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Bansal Y, Mujib A, Mamgain J, Dewir YH, Rihan HZ. Phytochemical Composition and Detection of Novel Bioactives in Anther Callus of Catharanthus roseus L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112186. [PMID: 37299166 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don is the most widely studied plant because of its high pharmacological value. In vitro culture uses various plant parts such as leaves, nodes, internodes and roots for inducing callus and subsequent plant regeneration in C. roseus. However, till now, little work has been conducted on anther tissue using plant tissue culture techniques. Therefore, the aim of this work is to establish a protocol for in vitro induction of callus by utilizing anthers as explants in MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium fortified with different concentrations and combinations of PGRs. The best callusing medium contains high α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and low kinetin (Kn) concentrations showing a callusing frequency of 86.6%. SEM-EDX analysis was carried out to compare the elemental distribution on the surfaces of anther and anther-derived calli, and the two were noted to be nearly identical in their elemental composition. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanol extracts of anther and anther-derived calli was conducted, which revealed the presence of a wide range of phytocompounds. Some of them are ajmalicine, vindolinine, coronaridine, squalene, pleiocarpamine, stigmasterol, etc. More importantly, about 17 compounds are exclusively present in anther-derived callus (not in anther) of Catharanthus. The ploidy status of anther-derived callus was examined via flow cytometry (FCM), and it was estimated to be 0.76 pg, showing the haploid nature of callus. The present work therefore represents an efficient way to produce high-value medicinal compounds from anther callus in a lesser period of time on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Bansal
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - A Mujib
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jyoti Mamgain
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hail Z Rihan
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus PL4 8AA, UK
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24
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Kukreti N, Chitme HR, Varshney VK, Abdel-Wahab BA, Khateeb MM, Habeeb MS. Antioxidant Properties Mediate Nephroprotective and Hepatoprotective Activity of Essential Oil and Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of the High-Altitude Plant Skimmia anquetilia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1167. [PMID: 37371897 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many high-altitude plants such as Skimmia anquetilia that are unexplored for their possible medicinal values. The present study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activities of Skimmia anquetilia (SA) using in vitro and in vivo models. The SA hydro-alcoholic extracts were investigated using LC-MS for their chemical constituents. The essential oil and hydro-alcoholic extracts of SA were evaluated for pharmacological properties. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using in vitro DPPH, reducing power, cupric reducing antioxidant power, and metal chelating assays. The anti-hemolytic activity was carried out using a human blood sample. The in vivo antioxidant activities were evaluated using CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity assay. The in vivo evaluation included histopathological examination, tissue biochemical evaluation such as the kidney function test, catalase activity, reduced glutathione activity, and lipid peroxidation estimation. The phytochemical investigation showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract contains multiple important active constituents such as L-carnosine, acacetin, linoleic acid, leucylleucyl tyrosine, esculin sesquihydrate, etc., similar to the components of SA essential oil reported in a previous study. The high amount of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) reflect (p < 0.001) a high level of reducing power, cupric reducing, and metal chelating properties. This significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited enlargement of the liver, with a significant reduction in ALT (p < 0.01) and AST (p < 0.001). Highly significant improvement in the functioning of the kidney was noted using the blood urea and creatinine (p < 0.001) levels. Tissue-based activities showed a major rise in catalase, reduced glutathione, and reduced lipid peroxidation activities. We conclude from this study that the occurrence of a high quantity of flavonoid and phenolic contents had strong antioxidant properties, leading to hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity. Further active constituent-specific activities should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kukreti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | | | - Vinay K Varshney
- Chemistry & Bioprospecting Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 248006, India
| | - Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Medleri Khateeb
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Park SY, Raka RN, Hui XL, Song Y, Sun JL, Xiang J, Wang J, Jin JM, Li XK, Xiao JS, Wu H. Six Spain Thymus essential oils composition analysis and their in vitro and in silico study against Streptococcus mutans. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:106. [PMID: 37020229 PMCID: PMC10074788 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans is a well-known oral pathogen that plays a critical role in the development of dental caries. Many studies have been directed to discover the chemical compounds present in natural products to inhibit the growth and biofilm formation activity of S. mutans. Thymus essential oils exhibit good inhibition on the growth and pathogenesis of S. mutans. However, details about the active compounds in Thymus essential oil and the inhibition mechanism still remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 6 Thymus species (Three samples of Thymus vulgaris, two samples of Thymus zygis, and one sample of Thymus satureioides essential oils) on S. mutans, to identify the potential active components, and to reveal the underlying mechanism. METHODS The composition of Thymus essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. And its antibacterial effect was evaluated based on the bacterial growth, acid production, biofilm formation and genetic expression of virulence factors by S. mutans. Potential active components of the Thymus essential oil were identified using molecular docking and correlation analysis. RESULTS GC-MS analysis showed that the major components in the 6 Spain Thymus essential oils were linalool, α-terpineol, p-cymene, thymol and carvacrol. MIC and MBC analysis showed that 3 Thymus essential oils showed very sensitive antimicrobial activity, and were chosen for further analysis. The 3 Thymus essential oil exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on acid production, adherence and biofilm formation of S. mutans and the expression of virulence genes, such as brpA, gbpB, gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, vicR, spaP and relA. Correlation analysis showed that phenolic components, such as carvacrol and thymol, were positively related to DIZ value, which suggests that they are the potential antimicrobial components. Molecular docking between the Thymus essential oil components and virulence proteins also found that carvacrol and thymol exhibited strong binding affinity with functional domains of virulence genes. CONCLUSIONS Thymus essential oil showed significant inhibition against the growth and pathogenesis of S. mutans depending on their composition and concentration. And phenolic compounds, such as carvacrol and thymol, are the major active components. Thymus essential oil could be used in oral healthcare products as a potential anti-caries ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Park
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Rifat Nowshin Raka
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiu-Li Hui
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Song
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jin-Long Sun
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jian-Ming Jin
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xu-Kai Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jun-Song Xiao
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hua Wu
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No.1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
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26
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Singh AS, Singh A, Vellapandian C, Ramaswamy R, Thirumal M. GC-MS based metabolite profiling, antioxidant and antiurolithiatic properties of apple cider vinegar. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO855. [PMID: 37090488 PMCID: PMC10116371 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To perform in vitro analysis of antioxidant and antiurolithiasis to carry out GC-MS-based metabolite profile. Materials & methods The effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) in vitro, antioxidant and GC-MS analysis was evaluated. The antioxidant studies were performed. In vitro techniques included nucleation, aggregation and growth assay. Results & conclusion The presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates was shown. Concentrations from 5-30 μg/ml could dissolve calcium oxalate (p < 0.05) in vitro. The IC50 value of ACV in DPPH was found to be around 7 μg/ml and the IC50 value of the ACV in ABTS assay was around 9 μg/ml. Different phytocompounds were obtained from GC-MS analysis. ACV can be consumed to prevent kidney stones which seems helpful to the current therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankul S Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Anuragh Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Radhika Ramaswamy
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Margesan Thirumal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
- Author for correspondence: Tel.: +91 98946 40595;
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Hazra S, Ray AS, Das S, Das Gupta A, Rahaman CH. Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Activities, and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen Shoot. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1495. [PMID: 37050122 PMCID: PMC10097374 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen, commonly known as "fox grape", is an ethnomedicinally important twining herb of the Vitaceae family, and it is used by ethnic communities for its wide range of therapeutic properties. Our research aims to investigate the chemical composition; antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities; and mechanisms of interaction between the identified selective chemical compounds and the target proteins associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects of the optimised phenolic extract of Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen, shoot (PECTS) to endorse the plant as a potential drug candidate for a future bioprospecting programme. Here, we employed the response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design to enrich the methanolic extract of C. trifolia shoot with phenolic ingredients by optimising three key parameters: solvent concentration (% v/v, methanol:water), extraction temperature (°C), and extraction duration (hours). From the quantitative phytochemical estimation, it was evident that the PECTS contained good amounts of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. During the HPLC analysis, we identified a total of eight phenolic and flavonoid compounds (gallic acid, catechin hydrate, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, coumarin, and kaempferol) and quantified their respective contents from the PECTS. The GC-MS analysis of the PECTS highlighted the presence of 19 phytochemicals. In addition, the bioactivity study of the PECTS showed remarkable potentiality as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic agents. In silico molecular docking and computational molecular modelling were employed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of the putative bioactive compounds derived from the PECTS using the GC-MS technique to understand the drug-receptor interactions, including their binding pattern. Out of the 19 phytocompounds identified by the GC-MS analysis, one compound, ergosta-5,22-dien-3-ol, acetate, (3β,22E), exhibited the best binding conformations with the target proteins involved in anti-inflammatory (e.g., Tnf-α and Cox-2), antioxidant (SOD), and antidiabetic (e.g., α-amylase and aldo reductase) activities. The nontoxic nature of this optimised extract was also evident during the in vitro cell toxicity assay against the Vero cell line and the in vivo acute toxicity study on BALB/c mice. We believe the results of the present study will pave the way for the invention of novel drugs efficacious for several ailments using the C. trifolia plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samik Hazra
- Ethnopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindya Sundar Ray
- Ethnopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713340, West Bengal, India
| | - Swetarka Das
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Arunava Das Gupta
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
- Ethnopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, West Bengal, India
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Wang C, Yang K, Xie Q, Pan J, Jiang Z, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Han J. Tandem Efficient Bromine Removal and Silver Recovery by Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2239-2246. [PMID: 36857481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Halogen wastewater greatly threatens the health of human beings and aquatic organisms due to its severe toxicity, corrosiveness, and volatility. Efficient bromine removal is therefore urgently required, while existing Br2-capture materials often face challenges from limited water stability and possible halogen leaking. We report a facile and efficient aqueous Br2 removal method using submicron resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin nanoparticles (NPs). The abundant aromatic groups dominate the Br2 removal by substitution reactions. An excellent Br2 conversion capacity of 7441 mg gRF-1 was achieved by RF NPs that outperform state-of-the-art materials by ∼2-fold, along with advantages including good water stability, low cost, and easy fabrication. Two recycling-coupled (electrochemical or H2O2-involved) Br2 removal routes further reveal the feasibility of in-depth halogen removal by RF NPs. The brominated resin can be downstream upcycled for silver recovery, realizing the harvesting of precious metal, reducing of heavy-metal pollution, and resource utilization of brominated resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Keke Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qihong Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jiahao Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zehui Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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Tareq AM, Hossain MM, Uddin M, Islam F, Khan Z, Karim MM, Lyzu C, Ağagündüz D, Reza AA, Emran TB, Capasso R. Chemical profiles and pharmacological attributes of Apis cerana indica beehives using combined experimental and computer-aided studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15016. [PMID: 37089286 PMCID: PMC10114209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study sought to determine the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory properties of distilled water-soluble extract of beehive (WSE-BH). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) studies were used to characterize the chemical compositions obtained from beehives extracted in water and methanol (also fractions). The GC-MS analysis identified 19 compounds in WSE-BH, including high total phenol and flavonoid contents, compared with the methanol extract (21 compounds), ethyl acetate fraction (9 compounds), and CCl4 fraction (27 compounds). The oral administration of WSE-BH (50 and 150 mg/kg) showed significant anxiolytic activities assessed by time spent in (30.80% and 39.47%, respectively) and entry into (47.49% and 55.93%, respectively) the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Only the 150 mg/kg dose resulted in a significant effect on the number of head-dipping events in the hole-board test (HBT) (40.2 ± 2.33; p < 0.01) vs. diazepam (64.33 ± 3.16; p < 0.001). Both the 50 and 150 mg/kg doses resulted in significant (p < 0.001) decreases in immobility in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspensions test (TST), corresponding to the effect of fluoxetine. WSE-BH inhibited histamine-induced paw edema significantly beginning at 60 min, with the 150 mg/kg dose having the highest effect at 180 min. The current findings suggested that WSE-BH had anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohotasin Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Main Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Farhanul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Zidan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mobarak Karim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chadni Lyzu
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara 06450, Turkey
| | - A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
- Corresponding author. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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Rao H, Ahmad S, Y.Aati H, Basit A, Ahmad I, Ahmad Ghalloo B, Nadeem Shehzad M, Nazar R, Zeeshan M, Nasim J, ur Rehman Khan K. Phytochemical screening, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of aerial parts of Trigonella hamosa (branched Fenugreek). ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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Breynia cernua: Chemical Profiling of Volatile Compounds in the Stem Extract and Its Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antiplasmodial and Anticancer Activity In Vitro and In Silico. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020281. [PMID: 36837900 PMCID: PMC9966293 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breynia cernua has been used as an alternative medicine for wounds, smallpox, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. This plant is a potential source of new plant-derived drugs to cure numerous diseases for its multiple therapeutic functions. An in vitro study revealed that the methanol extract of B. cernua (stem) exhibits antioxidant activity according to DPPH and SOD methods, with IC50 values of 33 and 8.13 ppm, respectively. The extract also exerts antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with minimum bactericidal concentration of 1875 ppm. Further analysis revealed that the extract with a concentration of 1-2 ppm protects erythrocytes from the ring formation stage of Plasmodium falciparum, while the extract with a concentration of 1600 ppm induced apoptosis in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. GC-MS analysis showed 45 bioactive compounds consisting of cyclic, alkyl halide, organosulfur, and organoarsenic compounds. Virtual screening via a blind docking approach was conducted to analyze the binding affinity of each metabolite against various target proteins. The results unveiled that two compounds, namely, N-[β-hydroxy-β-[4-[1-adamantyl-6,8-dichloro]quinolyl]ethyl]piperidine and 1,3-phenylene, bis(3-phenylpropenoate), demonstrated the best binding score toward four tested proteins with a binding affinity varying from -8.3 to -10.8 kcal/mol. Site-specific docking analysis showed that the two compounds showed similar binding energy with native ligands. This finding indicated that the two phenolic compounds could be novel antioxidant, antibacterial, antiplasmodial, and anticancer drugs. A thorough analysis by monitoring drug likeness and pharmacokinetics revealed that almost all the identified compounds can be considered as drugs, and they have good solubility, oral bioavailability, and synthetic accessibility. Altogether, the in vitro and in silico analysis suggested that the extract of B. cernua (stem) contains various compounds that might be correlated with its bioactivities.
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Afzal M, Khan AS, Zeshan B, Riaz M, Ejaz U, Saleem A, Zaineb R, Sindhu HA, Yean CY, Ahmed N. Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source Citrullus colocynthis along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041743. [PMID: 36838731 PMCID: PMC9960351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal products are preferable to synthetic medicines, and the use of traditional medicines is increasing day-by-day. The current study was designed to evaluate the potentials of bioactive compounds from Citrullus colocynthis by performing FTIR, HPLC, and GC-MS analyses, which explore the good concentration of the secondary metabolites, such as gallic acid (74.854 ppm), vanillic acid (122.616 ppm), and ferulic acid (101.045 ppm) with considerable bioactivities. Antimicrobial protein was estimated by performing SDS-PAGE, ranging from 15 to 70 kDa in all protein fractions. The current study also checked the cytotoxicity of the bioactive compounds in the active fraction of C. colocynthis, and to perform this activity, the groups of rats were arranged with 16 rats randomly divided into four groups (three experimental and one control) by administering various dosage of methanolic fractions in dose-dependent manner. Histopathology was conducted on the livers of the rats after 15 days of sacrifice under deep anesthesia. In liver cell slides examined at the maximum dose of 600 mg/kg, minimal morphological changes, such as slight ballooning, nuclear variation, vacuolar degeneration, and hydropic degeneration, were observed. Furthermore, the in silico analysis identified bioactive compounds as potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anis Shahzad Khan
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Basit Zeshan
- Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Sandakan 90509, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Umer Ejaz
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Saleem
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rida Zaineb
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Akram Sindhu
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Soleman DM, Eldahshan OA, Ibrahim MH, Ogaly HA, Galal HM, Batiha GES, Elkousy RH. GC/MS Analysis, Cytotoxicity, and Antiviral Activities of Annona glabra Hexane Extract Supported by In Silico Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041628. [PMID: 36838616 PMCID: PMC9966597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Annona glabra Linn is employed in conventional medicine to treat a number of human disorders, including cancer and viruses. In the present investigation, the significant phytochemical components of Annona glabra hexane extract were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Three major compounds were identified in the hexane extract: tritriacontane (30.23%), 13, 17-dimethyl-tritriacontane (22.44%), and limonene (18.97%). MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the extract on six human cancer cell lines including liver (HepG-2), pancreas (PANC-1), lung (A-549), breast (MCF-7, HTB-22), prostate (PC-3), and colon (CACO-2, ATB-37). The extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against both CACO-2 and A-549 cancer cell lines (IC50 = 47 ± 0.74 μg/mL and 56.82 ± 0.92 μg/mL) in comparison with doxorubicin (IC50 = 31.91 ± 0.81 μg/mL and 23.39 ± 0.43 μg/mL) and of SI of 3.8 and 3.1, respectively. It also induced moderate-to-weak activities against the other cancerous cell lines: PC-3, PANC-1, MCF-7, and HepG-2 (IC50 = 81.86 ± 3.26, 57.34 ± 0.77, 80.31 ± 4.13, and 57.01 ± 0.85 μg/mL) in comparison to doxorubicin (IC50 = 32.9 ± 1.74, 19.07 ± 0.2, 15.48 ± 0.84 and 5.4 ± 0.22 μg/mL, respectively) and SI of 2.2, 3.1, 2.2, and 3.1, respectively. In vitro anti-HSV1 (Herpes simplex 1 virus) and HAV (Hepatitis A virus) activity was evaluated using MTT colorimetric assay with three different protocols to test protective, anti-replicative, and anti-infective antiviral activities, and three separate replications of each experiment were conducted. The plant extract showed promising protective and virucidal activity against HSV1 with no significant difference with acyclovir (79.55 ± 1.67 vs. 68.44 ± 7.62 and 70.91 ± 7.02 vs. 83.76 ± 5.67), while it showed mild protective antiviral activity against HAV (48.08 ±3.46) with no significant difference vs. acyclovir (36.89 ± 6.61). The selected main compounds were examined for their bioactivity through in silico molecular docking, which exhibited that limonene could possess the strongest antiviral properties. These findings support Annona glabra's conventional use, which is an effective source of antiviral and anticancer substances that could be used in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M. Soleman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo P.O. Box 41611, Egypt
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (O.A.E.); (R.H.E.)
| | - Mona H. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Galal
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Rawah H. Elkousy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt
- Correspondence: (O.A.E.); (R.H.E.)
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Badavenkatappa gari S, Nelson VK, Peraman R. Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr alkaloid rich extract induces colon cancer cell death via ROS mediated, mTOR dependent apoptosis pathway: "an in-vitro study". BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:33. [PMID: 36737760 PMCID: PMC9896699 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most mortality rate causing disease after lung cancer. Though there is a significant improvement in the treatment schedule offered to CRC. However, there is no notable decrease in terms of cases as well as death rate. Hence, there is an urgent need to discover novel cancer therapeutics to treat CRC. Since ancient times, the use of phytochemicals has drawn huge attention as chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Earlier studies on Tinospora sinensis (TS) revealed the cytotoxic effect on human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) cells, yet the mechanism is to be uncovered. Therefore, the present study was designed to study the cell death mechanism of TS in HCT-116 cells. METHOD Different extracts such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts from the root part of TS were prepared using a cold maceration process. The extracts were screened against cancer cell lines by methyl thiazoldiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. From the result, the most active extract was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses to identify the major constituents. Finally, the mechanism of cytotoxicity to cancer cells for the most active extract was evaluated using various experiments such as cell cycle analysis, Annexin-V assay, and Western blot. RESULTS The results from the MTT assay indicated that the n-hexane extract of TS inhibits the growth of HCT-116 cells more effectively than other cancer cells like Henrietta Lacks cervical cancer cells (Hela), and Michigan cancer foundation-breast cancer (MCF-7). The GC-MS and FT-IR analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids in the n-hexane extract and were responsible for the apoptosis activity in HCT-cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein Kinase B (Akt)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) down-regulation. CONCLUSION This study concludes that this finding is unique of its kind, and for the first time. The anticancer effect of TS root is specific to colon cancer cells (HCT-116). This distinctive finding helps the researchers to investigate further, and to identify a novel source for anti-colon cancer drug candidates in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreelakshmi Badavenkatappa gari
- grid.459547.eFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur (JNTUA), Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515 002 India
| | - Vinod K. Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) –Autonomous, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515721 India
| | - Ramalingam Peraman
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) –Autonomous, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515721 India ,grid.464629.b0000 0004 1775 2698Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102 India
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Phytochemical Analysis, GC-MS Profiling, and In Vitro Evaluation of Biological Applications of Different Solvent Extracts of Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. Flower Buds. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1197-1215. [PMID: 36342622 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. is a medicinally important herb belonging to the family Lamiaceae. The plant is typically found in tropical regions, and its leaf and root extracts are renowned for their ethno-botanical and therapeutic applications. This study was designed to determine the presence of various bioactive components, and to evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative activities. The preliminary phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of different solvent extracts revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds, of which methanol extract showed 24 compounds, petroleum ether extract revealed 26 compounds, and 24 compounds in hexane extracts. The major bioactive components including λ-sitosterol (16.20 %) in methanol extract, 1-nonadecanol (15.48 %) in petroleum extract, and eicosane (13.22 %) in hexane extract have been reported with various bio-therapeutic applications. In addition, the flower bud methanolic extract of L. nepetifolia exhibited inhibitory potential against all tested bacterial and fungal pathogens. The DPPH radical scavenging assay revealed that methanolic extract possessed the highest antioxidant activity. The scavenging activity increased in a concentration-dependent manner, as indicated by a 74 % inhibition rate at 1000 µg/ml. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract on the HepG2 cell line were evaluated. The IC50 value of methanolic extract against HepG2 cells was determined to be 83.28 µg/ml. The findings reveal that different solvent extracts of L. nepetifolia flower buds contain a significant amount of various bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant and anticancer activities; and thus, the plant could serve as a potential source of pharmacological applications.
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Alruhaili MH, Almuhayawi MS, Gattan HS, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Jaouni SKA, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Insight into the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activities of Amomum subulatum and Amomum xanthioides: an in vitro and in silico study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136961. [PMID: 37152127 PMCID: PMC10157186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Medicinal plants have been considered as potential source of therapeutics or as starting materials in drugs formulation. Methods The current study aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of the Amomum subulatom and Amomum xanthioides Fruits by analyzing the phytochemical composition of their seeds and fruits using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to determine the presence of bioactive components such as flavonoids, phenols, vitamins, steroids, and essential oils. Results and Discussion The protein content is usually higher than the total lipids in both species except the fruit of A. subulatum which contain more lipids than proteins. The total protein contents for A. subulatum were 235.03 ± 21.49 and 227.49 ± 25.82 mg/g dry weight while for A. xanthioides were 201.9 ± 37.79 and 294.99 ± 37.93 mg/g dry weight for seeds and fruit, respectively. The Carvacrol levels in A. subulatum is 20 times higher than that in A. xanthioides. Lower levels of α-Thujene, Phyllanderenes, Ascaridole, and Pinocarvone were also observed in both species. According to DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) assay, seed the extract of A. subulatum exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (78.26±9.27 %) followed by the seed extract of A. xanthioides (68.21±2.56 %). Similarly, FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay showed that the highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by the seed extract of the two species; 20.14±1.11 and 21.18±1.04 µmol trolox g-1 DW for A. subulatum and A. xanthioides, respectively. In terms of anti-lipid peroxidation, relatively higher values were obtained for the fruit extract of A. subulatum (6.08±0.35) and the seed extract of A. xanthioides (6.11±0.55). Ethanolic seed extracts of A. subulatum had the highest efficiency against four Gram-negative bacterial species which causes serious human diseases, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. In addition, P. aeruginosa was also inhibited by the fruit extract of both A. subulatum and A. xanthioides. For the seed extract of A. xanthioides, large inhibition zones were formed against P. vulgaris and the fungus Candida albicans. Finally, we have in silico explored the mode of action of these plants by performing detailed molecular modeling studies and showed that the antimicrobial activities of these plants could be attributed to the high binding affinity of their bioactive compounds to bind to the active sites of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase and the transcriptional regulator MvfR. Conclusion These findings demonstrate the two species extracts possess high biological activities and therapeutical values, which increases their potential value in a number of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S. Gattan
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohanned Talal Alharbi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K. Nagshabandi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohammed H. Alruhaili, ; Samy Selim, ; Hamada AbdElgawad,
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Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal activities and gas chromatographic fingerprint of fractions from the root bark of Afzelia africana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 13:60-76. [PMID: 36721842 PMCID: PMC9884338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afzelia africana is a tropical plant with numerous ethno-medicinal benefits. The plant has been used for the treatment of pain, hernia, fever, malaria, inflammation and microbial infections. OBJECTIVES To perform bioassay-guided fractionation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the bark of Afzelia africana. METHODS Column chromatography fractionation, antioxidant activity (% (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity))), antimicrobial activity (microbroth dilution: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), MBC/MIC ratio), and synergistic activities (Checkerboard assay: Fraction Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI)). RESULTS Bioassay-guided fractionation of A. africana produced four fractions that displayed promising free radical scavenging activities in the ABTS (54-93)% and the DPPH (35-76)% assays in the ranking order of F1(93-54)>F4(81-58)>F2(74-58)>F3(72-55) and F3(77-42)>F1(64-46)>F4(55-44)>F2(47-35) respectively at a concentration range of 1.0-0.01 mg/mL. The fraction F1 (MBC: 2.5-5.0 mg/mL) and F4 (MBC: 1.25-10.0 mg/mL) exhibited broad spectrum of superior bactericidal effects than F2 (MBC≥100.0 mg/mL) and F3 (MBC: 12.5-100.0 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans (standard strain). The two most active fractions (F1 and F4) reported synergistic effects (FICI≤0.5) against S. typhi whilst the F4 reported additional synergism against E. coli, K. pneumonia, and S. typhi when combined with ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, the two fractions reported synergistic effects against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa when combined with tetracycline whilst F1 reported antifungal synergism against fluconazole resistant Candida albicans when combined with fluconazole and ketoconazole. CONCLUSION The study has confirmed the antioxidant, antimicrobial and synergistic uses of A. africana for the treatment of both infectious and non-infectious disease.
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Hassan M, Bala SZ, Bashir M, Waziri PM, Musa Adam R, Umar MA, Kini P. LC-MS and GC-MS Profiling of Different Fractions of Ficus platyphylla Stem Bark Ethanolic Extract. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:6349332. [PMID: 36569176 PMCID: PMC9771666 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6349332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of medicinal plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases has been practiced for long, globally, because of its cultural acceptability, availability, and affordability. This study investigated the qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals present in Ficus platyphylla stem bark as well as determined the reducing power and antioxidant property of each fraction against DPPH and NO radicals. The study further elucidated the presence of possible compounds in different fractions (methanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and chloroform) of Ficus platyphylla stem bark (FPSB) extract using GC-MS, LC-MS, and FTIR techniques. Qualitative phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of phytochemicals: saponin, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, and glycoside in the ethanolic extract. The LC-MS study of methanol and ethyl acetate fractions reveals the presence of thirteen and three compounds, respectively. GC-MS analysis shows the presence of trans-13-octadecenoic acid as the main compound 38.07% and cis-vaccenic acid as the least compound (0.10%) in the petroleum ether fraction. The main compound in the chloroform fraction is 12-oleanen-3-yl acetate, (3. alpha.) with a peak area percentage of 49.25% and oleic acid been the least compound with 0.07% peak area. The FTIR analysis reveals that the fractions contain compounds with hydroxyl, aromatic, methyl, methylene, methyne, long aliphatic chain, ethers, ether-oxy, peroxides, etc. The analyzed fractions reveal compounds with potential pharmacological activity in the management of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madinat Hassan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Airforce Institute of Technology, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Zeal Bala
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Musa Bashir
- Centre for Dryland Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Peter Maitalata Waziri
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Ramlatu Musa Adam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Abdullahi Umar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Priscilla Kini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Sami SA. New insights into the identification of bioactive compounds from Willughbeia edulis Roxb. through GC–MS analysis. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Extraction of High-Value Chemicals from Plants for Technical and Medical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810334. [PMID: 36142238 PMCID: PMC9499410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a variety of high-value chemicals (e.g., secondary metabolites) which have a plethora of biological activities, which may be utilised in many facets of industry (e.g., agrisciences, cosmetics, drugs, neutraceuticals, household products, etc.). Exposure to various different environments, as well as their treatment (e.g., exposure to chemicals), can influence the chemical makeup of these plants and, in turn, which chemicals will be prevalent within them. Essential oils (EOs) usually have complex compositions (>300 organic compounds, e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins and terpenes) and are obtained from botanically defined plant raw materials by dry/steam distillation or a suitable mechanical process (without heating). In certain cases, an antioxidant may be added to the EO (EOs are produced by more than 17,500 species of plants, but only ca. 250 EOs are commercially available). The interesting bioactivity of the chemicals produced by plants renders them high in value, motivating investment in their production, extraction and analysis. Traditional methods for effectively extracting plant-derived biomolecules include cold pressing and hydro/steam distillation; newer methods include solvent/Soxhlet extractions and sustainable processes that reduce waste, decrease processing times and deliver competitive yields, examples of which include microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), subcritical water extraction (SWE) and supercritical CO2 extraction (scCO2). Once extracted, analytical techniques such as chromatography and mass spectrometry may be used to analyse the contents of the high-value extracts within a given feedstock. The bioactive components, which can be used in a variety of formulations and products (e.g., displaying anti-aging, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-depressive, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral and anti-stress properties), are biorenewable high-value chemicals.
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Vikhe S, Kunkulol R, Raut D. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of crude fractions and isolated compound from Striga orobanchioides Benth on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100618. [PMID: 36030594 PMCID: PMC9436756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Striga orobanchioides Benth is a traditionally used Ayurvedic medicinal plant for the treatment of diabetes. Scientific validation of the claim is studied in this research. The significant bioactivity of the plant components is obligatory for its use in medicine. Objective The present work is to extract bioactive fractions and chemicals, biological activity of the chemicals and to identify potentially bioactive compound(s) from ethanolic extract of the plant. Materials and methods Ethanolic extract of the authenticated plant was fractionated and subjected to in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity. In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme activity was carried out on digestive enzyme. Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus in rats model was preferred for in vivo activity where antidiabetic parameters body weight, urine volume, blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum insulin, liver glycogen and lipid profile as an antihypertensive parameters were assessed. Isolation of bioactive compounds was carried out by chromatographic techniques and identification of the compound was done by FTIR, Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The molecular docking study with α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), glucokinase (GK) as diabetic markers and on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) and Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) was carried out. Results Ethyl acetate-methanol fraction of the ethanol extract showed presence of pentacyclic triterpenoids (81.5% w/w) in GC-HRMS study. Spectroscopic analysis of the isolated compound revealed presence betulin. In vitro antidiabetic activity pointed out robust inhibition of the digestive enzymes by the fractions known as bioactive fraction and betulin. Betulin at a dose of 40 mg/kg treated group showed significant improvement of diabetic conditions. The gene expression studies revealed that betulin in 40 mg/kg dose has positive effects for carbohydrate metabolism in liver, lowers the hepatic inflammation and increases insulin secretion. The plant compound demonstrated significant inhibitory potential on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, DPP-IV and GK enzymes in silico. Conclusion The biological study reveals that betulin could dominate the succession of diabetes in dose dependent manner. The plant and specifically Betulin exerts a significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects that are more possibly through stimulation of insulin secretion, increase in PPAR-α level with an increase in GRIA2 mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayana Vikhe
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Loni, 413736, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rahul Kunkulol
- Department of Pharmacology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, 413736, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dipak Raut
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrutvahini College of Pharmacy, Sangamner, 422608, Maharashtra, India
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Hope O, Bright IE, Alagbonsi AI. GC-MS biocomponents characterization and antibacterial potency of ethanolic crude extracts of Camellia sinensis. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221116859. [PMID: 35966211 PMCID: PMC9373190 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221116859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The menace of antibacterial resistance among enteropathogenic bacteria
continues to raise therapeutic management concerns within public health
system. As a strategy toward alternative control of resistant pathogen
proliferation, a folkloric plant (green tea leaves: Camellia
sinensis) was collected from Ishaka municipality and
characterized for biomolecular components and antibacterial potency. Methods: The bioactive and biomolecular components of the plant’s ethanol extract were
characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A preliminary in
vitro susceptibility test of the extract against characterized multiple
antibiotic-resistant potential diarrheagenic bacterial strains was done. Results: The result revealed an exponential increase in susceptibility with a
distinctive unit component of the C. sinensis extract at
concentrations of 60 and 80 μg/ml. The extract also possessed antibacterial
and antioxidant activities while having phytochemical constituents
(flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, saponin, cardiac glycosides, etc.). The
gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis further affirmed the potential
of the extract by revealing 52 bioactive components/compounds as shown in
the chromatogram. Conclusion: The C. sinensis has antimicrobial and antioxidant
potentials, and the constituents of the plant might be of therapeutic
importance in the management of various diseases, especially those related
to Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onohuean Hope
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.,Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Igere E Bright
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Western Delta University Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Abdullateef I Alagbonsi
- Physiology Unit, Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Huye, Republic of Rwanda
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Nabi M, Zargar MI, Tabassum N, Ganai BA, Wani SUD, Alshehri S, Alam P, Shakeel F. Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of Skimmia anquetilia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11131667. [PMID: 35807619 PMCID: PMC9268939 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Skimmia anquetilia is a plant species native to the Western Himalaya region that has tremendous potential for phytochemical activities. This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds and assess the antibacterial activity of S. anquetilia. To determine the major bioactive chemicals in the methanol leaf extract of S. anquetilia, we used a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The presence of 35 distinct phytoconstituents was discovered using GC-MS, which could contribute to the therapeutic capabilities of this plant species. The most predominant compound was 2R-acetoxymethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-4t-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-1t-cyclohexanol (23.9%). Further, the leaf extract was evaluated for antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The extract showed the highest zone of inhibition against E. coli (19 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (18 mm) and K. Pneumoniae (17 mm) at 160 mg mL-1. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanol extract against the strain of P. aeruginosa (2 mg mL-1) demonstrated significant antibacterial activity. The findings of the present study highlight the potential of S. anquetilia for the development of herbal medicines for the treatment of various pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masarat Nabi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India;
| | - Mohammed Iqbal Zargar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India; (M.I.Z.); (N.T.); (S.U.D.W.)
| | - Nahida Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India; (M.I.Z.); (N.T.); (S.U.D.W.)
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Center of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India; (M.I.Z.); (N.T.); (S.U.D.W.)
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.S.)
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Altayb HN, Yassin NF, Hosawi S, Kazmi I. In-vitro and in-silico antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica (Neem), methanolic extract, and identification of Beta.d-Mannofuranoside as a promising antibacterial agent. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:262. [PMID: 35610569 PMCID: PMC9131563 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance became the leading cause of death globally, resulting in an urgent need for the discovery of new, safe, and efficient antibacterial agents. Compounds derived from plants can provide an essential source of new types of antibiotics. A. indica (neem) plant is rich in antimicrobial phytoconstituents. Here, we used the sensitive and reliable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach, for the quantitative and quantitative determination of bioactive constituents in methanolic extract of neem leaves grown in Sudan. Subsequently, antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties were utilized using in silico tools. RESULTS The methanolic extract of neem leaves was found to have antibacterial activity against all pathogenic and reference strains. The lowest concentration reported with bacterial activity was 3.125%, which showed zones of inhibition of more than 10 mm on P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp., and E. coli, and 8 mm on Proteus spp., E. faecalis, S. epidermidis, and the pathogenic S. aureus. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 chemical compounds, including fatty acids (11), hydrocarbons (9), pyridine derivatives (2), aldehydes (2), phenol group (1), aromatic substances (1), coumarins (1), and monoterpenes (1). In silico and in vitro tools revealed that.beta.d-Mannofuranoside, O-geranyl was the most active compound on different bacterial proteins. It showed the best docking energy (-8 kcal/mol) and best stability with different bacterial essential proteins during molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. It also had a good minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (32 μg/ml and 64 μg/ml) against S. aureus (ATCC 25,923) and E. coli (ATCC 25,922) respectively. CONCLUSION The methanolic extract of A. indica leaves possessed strong antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria. Beta.d-Mannofuranoside, O-geranyl was the most active compound and it passed 5 rules of drug-likeness properties. It could therefore be further processed for animal testing and clinical trials for its possible use as an antibacterial agent with commercial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham N Altayb
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nijood F Yassin
- Department Microbiology, College of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Salman Hosawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Sankaralingam B, Balan L, Chandrasekaran S, Muthu Selvam A. Anthocyanin: A Natural Dye Extracted from Hibiscus Sabdariffa (L.) for Textile and Dye Industries. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2648-2663. [PMID: 35304691 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03815-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is one of the major issues facing all countries throughout the world. Environmental degradation is occurring and creating crises in day-to-day life due to the increasing amount of chemicals used in industries, where even the effluents processed out after treatment also contain some trace elements. Hence the extraction of enzymes using natural methods is an alternative for the production of dye in order to reduce pollution, which in turn helps to nourish and protect the environment for future generations. Hibiscus sabdariffa (L.) is a rich source of anthocyanins that is further enhanced by callus formation and accumulated by increasing the sucrose concentration. Anthocyanin pigments were extracted using acidified ethanol. The dye obtained was screened by GC-MS analysis and its dyeing process used in the textile industry. The study showed certain properties affected the coloring nature depending on the cloth used. The color of anthocyanin pigment depends on the pH maintained and also shows adaptability to varied environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leeba Balan
- Bionyme Laboratories Private Limited, Chrompet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 044, India.
| | | | - A Muthu Selvam
- Department of Biotechnology, Madha Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nanjala C, Ren J, Mutie FM, Waswa EN, Mutinda ES, Odago WO, Mutungi MM, Hu GW. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and conservation of the genus Calanthe R. Br. (Orchidaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114822. [PMID: 34774685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Genus Calanthe (family Orchidaceae) consists of more than 207 species distributed in both tropical and subtropical regions. In traditional medicine, Calanthe species provide remedies against various conditions such as arthritis, rheumatism, traumatic injuries, snake-bites, abdominal discomfort, nose bleeding, common colds, ulcers, chronic coughs, and others. Some species are also used as aphrodisiacs, tonics, and as pain relievers on joints and toothaches. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review provides comprehensive information on the herbal uses, chemical components, pharmacological activities, and conservation of Calanthe, which might be useful in the future development of potent herbal medicines and facilitate the enactment of better conservation strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information was obtained from online databases including SCI-Finder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Springer, IOP Science, and other web sources such as PubChem, The Plant List, and World Flora Online. Books, Ph.D. and MSc dissertations were used for unpublished literature. Information from Chinese literature was obtained from the CNKI database. RESULTS In total, 19 species of the genus Calanthe have been reported to be used in traditional medicine in different countries of Asia. A total of 265 chemical compounds from different chemical classes including, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and phenolic derivatives, phenanthrenes, and others, have been identified from Calanthe species. Calanquinone A isolated from C. arisanensis has been reported to exhibit antitumor activity against six malignant cell lines. Other bioactive compounds from Calanthe with pharmacological activity include phenanthrenes, phenanthrenequinones, 6'-O-β-D-apiofuranosylindican, 4H-Pyran-4one, 2, 3-dihydro-3,5 dihydroxy-6-methyl, and calanthoside. These compounds exhibit valuable biological properties such as hair restoration, anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective potency, antiplatelet aggregation action, and antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some Calanthe species, including C. ecallosa and C. yuana, are endangered in the IUCN red list. The high risk of extinction is attributed to illegal trade and unsustainable harvesting and utilization. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the herbal uses, chemical components, biological activity, and conservation of Calanthe. The pharmacological studies on this genus are limited; thus, extensive research on the toxicology, pharmaceutical standardization, and mechanism of action of the isolated bioactive compounds are needed. Since some species of Calanthe are listed as endangered, stringent guidelines on trade, collection, and sustainable utilization of medicinal orchids should be set up to facilitate the conservation of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consolata Nanjala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jing Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Fredrick Munyao Mutie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wyclif Ochieng Odago
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Moses Mutuse Mutungi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Nanjala C, Ren J, Mutie FM, Waswa EN, Mutinda ES, Odago WO, Mutungi MM, Hu GW. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and conservation of the genus Calanthe R. Br. (Orchidaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114822. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
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Network Pharmacology- and Molecular Docking-Based Identification of Potential Phytocompounds from Argyreia capitiformis in the Treatment of Inflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8037488. [PMID: 35140801 PMCID: PMC8820870 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8037488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The methanolic extract of Argyreia capitiformis stem was examined for anti-inflammatory activities following network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking study. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, 49 compounds were identified from the methanolic extract of A. capitiformis stem. A network pharmacology analysis was conducted against the identified compounds, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Ontology analysis of biological processes and molecular functions were performed. Six proteins (IL1R1, IRAK4, MYD88, TIRAP, TLR4, and TRAF6) were identified from the KEGG pathway analysis and subjected to molecular docking study. Additionally, six best ligand efficiency compounds and positive control (aspirin) from each protein were evaluated for their stability using the molecular dynamics simulation study. Our study suggested that IL1R1, IRAK4, MYD88, TIRAP, TLR4, and TRAF6 proteins may be targeted by compounds in the methanolic extract of A. capitiformis stem to provide anti-inflammatory effects.
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Phytochemical, Cytotoxicity, and Antimycobacterial Activity Evaluation of Extracts and Compounds from the Stem Bark of Albizia coriaria Welw ex. Oliver. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7148511. [PMID: 35103066 PMCID: PMC8800636 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7148511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Albizia coriaria Welw ex. Oliver (Fabaceae) is one of the plants used by herbalists in the East Africa community to prepare herbal remedies for the management of symptoms of TB. Despite its widespread use, the antimycobacterial activity of this plant was uninvestigated and there was contradicting information regarding its cytotoxicity. Methods Cytotoxicity (MTT), antimycobacterial activity (MABA), and phytochemical screening were conducted on crude extracts (hexane, chloroform, acetone, and methanol) of the stem bark of A. coriaria. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was carried out on the acetone and methanol extracts. The binding affinities and descriptors of pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the identified compounds were predicted using computational modelling software. Results The cytotoxic concentrations of all extracts were greater than 1000 μg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of both the acetone and methanol extracts was 1250.0 ± 0.0 μg/mL against M. smegmatis, whereas that against M. tuberculosis was 937.0 ± 442.0 μg/mL and 2500.0 ± 0.0 μg/mL, respectively. Hexane and chloroform extracts were not active against both strains. Alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were the predominant phytochemicals present. GC-MS analysis revealed twenty-eight and nineteen compounds in acetone and methanol extracts, respectively. Among these was hydroquinone, which was previously reported to possess antimycobacterial activity. Seven compounds identified through GC-MS analysis had better binding affinities for the mycobacterial ATPase and polyketide synthase-13 than isoniazid and rifampicin. These compounds also showed variable but promising pharmacokinetic properties with minimum toxicity. Conclusion There are phytochemicals in A. coriaria stem bark with potential antimycobacterial activity and acceptable cytotoxicity, which can be further explored and optimized for the development of novel antitubercular drugs.
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Suniarti DF, Suwandi T, Putri SA, Kurnia D. Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Calyx (Rosella) extract as antibacterial agent in dental disease: Phytochemical and chemical components profiling. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:202-206. [PMID: 35935698 PMCID: PMC9355063 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_64_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical characteristics of natural products are influenced by different external factors, varying according to the geographic origin. The ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia has been studied in vivo and in vitro provide potential effect for dental field uses. Ethanol extract showed antibacterial to Streptococcus sanguinis as an inducer gingivitis, had an effect on the treatment of oral mucosa ulceration, and could inhibit the development of alveolar bone destruction. This study aims to determine the chemical groups and components of ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa L. calyces (Indonesia origin). Chemical group of ethanol extract H. sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia was analysis through phytochemical screening, whereas chemical components were detected through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Saponins, tannins, phenolic, flavonoids, triterpenoids and glycosides, and 17 chemical components were identified in the ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia. Among the chemical components, fatty acids group showed the most dominant. For standardization and develop of oral drug preparation, a better chemical components and phytochemical profiling are essential because the extract quality of herbs has various quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Fatma Suniarti
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, West Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Trijani Suwandi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Salsabila Aqila Putri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia,Address for correspondence: Prof. Dikdik Kurnia, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail:
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