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Ďásková N, Modos I, Krbcová M, Kuzma M, Pelantová H, Hradecký J, Heczková M, Bratová M, Videňská P, Šplíchalová P, Králová M, Heniková M, Potočková J, Ouřadová A, Landberg R, Kühn T, Cahová M, Gojda J. Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:7. [PMID: 37085526 PMCID: PMC10121613 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ďásková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I Modos
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Krbcová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Hradecký
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heczková
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Bratová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Videňská
- Mendel University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Šplíchalová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Králová
- Ambis University, Department of Economics and Management, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heniková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Potočková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Ouřadová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - T Kühn
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Cahová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - J Gojda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Zaghlool SB, Halama A, Stephan N, Gudmundsdottir V, Gudnason V, Jennings LL, Thangam M, Ahlqvist E, Malik RA, Albagha OME, Abou-Samra AB, Suhre K. Metabolic and proteomic signatures of type 2 diabetes subtypes in an Arab population. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7121. [PMID: 36402758 PMCID: PMC9675829 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a heterogeneous etiology influencing its progression, treatment, and complications. A data driven cluster analysis in European individuals with T2D previously identified four subtypes: severe insulin deficient (SIDD), severe insulin resistant (SIRD), mild obesity-related (MOD), and mild age-related (MARD) diabetes. Here, the clustering approach was applied to individuals with T2D from the Qatar Biobank and validated in an independent set. Cluster-specific signatures of circulating metabolites and proteins were established, revealing subtype-specific molecular mechanisms, including activation of the complement system with features of autoimmune diabetes and reduced 1,5-anhydroglucitol in SIDD, impaired insulin signaling in SIRD, and elevated leptin and fatty acid binding protein levels in MOD. The MARD cluster was the healthiest with metabolomic and proteomic profiles most similar to the controls. We have translated the T2D subtypes to an Arab population and identified distinct molecular signatures to further our understanding of the etiology of these subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza B Zaghlool
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anna Halama
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nisha Stephan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Omar M E Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
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Memon B, Elsayed AK, Bettahi I, Suleiman N, Younis I, Wehedy E, Abou-Samra AB, Abdelalim EM. iPSCs derived from insulin resistant offspring of type 2 diabetic patients show increased oxidative stress and lactate secretion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:428. [PMID: 35987697 PMCID: PMC9392338 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The genetic factors associated with insulin resistance (IR) are not well understood. Clinical studies on first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, which have the highest genetic predisposition to T2D, have given insights into the role of IR in T2D pathogenesis. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are excellent tools for disease modeling as they can retain the genetic imprint of the disease. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic perturbations associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the offspring of T2D parents using patient-specific iPSCs.
Methods
We generated iPSCs from IR individuals (IR-iPSCs) that were offspring of T2D parents as well as from insulin-sensitive (IS-iPSCs) individuals. We then performed transcriptomics to identify key dysregulated gene networks in the IR-iPSCs in comparison to IS-iPSCs and functionally validated them.
Results
Transcriptomics on IR-iPSCs revealed dysregulated gene networks and biological processes indicating that they carry the genetic defects associated with IR that may lead to T2D. The IR-iPSCs had increased lactate secretion and a higher phosphorylation of AKT upon stimulation with insulin. IR-iPSCs have increased cellular oxidative stress indicated by a high production of reactive oxygen species and higher susceptibility to H2O2 -induced apoptosis.
Conclusions
IR-iPSCs generated from offspring of diabetic patients confirm that oxidative stress and increased lactate secretion, associated with IR, are inherited in this population, and may place them at a high risk of T2D. Overall, our IR-iPSC model can be employed for T2D modeling and drug screening studies that target genetic perturbations associated with IR in individuals with a high risk for T2D.
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Bettahi I, Krishnankutty R, Jaganjac M, Suleiman NNM, Ramanjaneya M, Jerobin J, Hassoun S, Alkasem M, Abdelhakam I, Iskandarani A, Samra TA, Mohamed-Ali V, Abou-Samra AB. Differences in protein expression, at the basal state and at 2 h of insulin infusion, in muscle biopsies from healthy Arab men with high or low insulin sensitivity measured by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1024832. [PMID: 36876056 PMCID: PMC9982120 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1024832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle is the main site for insulin-dependent glucose disposal. The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HIEC) is the gold standard for the assessment of insulin sensitivity (IS). We have previously shown that insulin sensitivity, measured by HIEC, varied widely among a group of 60 young healthy men with normoglycemia. The aim of this study was to correlate the proteomic profile of skeletal muscles to insulin sensitivity. METHODS Muscle biopsies from 16 subjects having the highest (M ≥ 13; n = 8, HIS) and lowest (M ¾ 6, n = 8, LIS) IS were obtained at baseline and during insulin infusion after stabilization of the blood glucose level and glucose infusion rate at the end of the HIEC. The samples were processed using a quantitative proteomic analysis approach. RESULTS At baseline, 924 proteins were identified in the HIS and LIS groups. Among the 924 proteins detected in both groups, three were suppressed and three were increased significantly in the LIS subjects compared with the HIS subjects. Following insulin infusion, 835 proteins were detected in both groups. Among the 835 proteins, two showed differential responsiveness to insulin; ATP5F1 protein was decreased, and MYLK2 was higher in the LIS group compared with that in the HIS group. Our data suggest that alteration in mitochondrial proteins and an increased number of proteins involved in fast-twitch fiber correlate to insulin sensitivity in healthy young Arab men. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a change in a small number of differentially expressed proteins. A possible reason for this small change could be our study cohorts representing a homogeneous and healthy population. Additionally, we show differences in protein levels from skeletal muscle in low and high insulin sensitivity groups. Therefore, these differences may represent early events for the development of insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Bettahi
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Ilham Bettahi,
| | - Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Noor Nabeel M. Suleiman
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaimaa Hassoun
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Meis Alkasem
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahem Abdelhakam
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmad Iskandarani
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tareq A. Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Abdul Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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