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Ahmad M, Waraich EA, Zulfiqar U, Yong JWH, Ishfaq M, Din KU, Ullah A, Abbas A, Awan MI, Moussa IM, Elshikh MS. Thiourea improves yield and quality traits of Brassica napus L. by upregulating the antioxidant defense system under high temperature stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12195. [PMID: 38806561 PMCID: PMC11133410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
High temperature stress influences plant growth, seed yield, and fatty acid contents by causing oxidative damage. This study investigated the potential of thiourea (TU) to mitigate oxidative stress and restoring seed oil content and quality in canola. The study thoroughly examined three main factors: (i) growth conditions-control and high temperature stress (35 °C); (ii) TU supplementation (1000 mg/L)-including variations like having no TU, water application at the seedling stage, TU application at seedling stage (BBCH Scale-39), water spray at anthesis stage, and TU application at anthesis stage (BBCH Scale-60); (iii) and two canola genotypes, 45S42 and Hiola-401, were studied separately. High temperature stress reduced growth and tissue water content, as plant height and relative water contents were decreased by 26 and 36% in 45S42 and 27 and 42% Hiola-401, respectively, resulting in a substantial decrease in seed yield per plant by 36 and 38% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. Seed oil content and quality parameters were also negatively affected by high temperature stress as seed oil content was reduced by 32 and 35% in 45S42 and Hiola-401. High-temperature stress increased the plant stress indicators like malondialdehyde, H2O2 content, and electrolyte leakage; these indicators were increased in both canola genotypes as compared to control. Interestingly, TU supplementation restored plant performance, enhancing height, relative water content, foliar chlorophyll (SPAD value), and seed yield per plant by 21, 15, 30, and 28% in 45S42; 19, 13, 26, and 21% in Hiola-401, respectively, under high temperature stress as compared to control. In addition, seed quality, seed oil content, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were improved by 16, 14, and 22% in 45S42, and 16, 11, and 23% in Hiola-401, as compared to control. The most significant improvements in canola seed yield per plant were observed when TU was applied at the anthesis stage. Additionally, the research highlighted that canola genotype 45S42 responded better to TU applications and exhibited greater resilience against high temperature stress compared to genotype Hiola-401. This interesting study revealed that TU supplementation, particularly at the anthesis stage, improved high temperature stress tolerance, seed oil content, and fatty acid profile in two canola genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Ahmad Waraich
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Department of Agriculture, Extension, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Ul Din
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Abbas
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Depalpur-Okara Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ihab Mohamed Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar V, Srivastava AK, Sharma D, Pandey SP, Pandey M, Dudwadkar A, Parab HJ, Suprasanna P, Das BK. Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:778. [PMID: 38592827 PMCID: PMC10975454 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most severe environmental stresses limiting the productivity of crops, including rice. However, there is a lack of information on how salt-stress sensitivity varies across different developmental stages in rice. In view of this, a comparative evaluation of contrasting rice varieties CSR36 (salt tolerant) and Jaya (salt sensitive) was conducted, wherein NaCl stress (50 mM) was independently given either at seedling (S-stage), tillering (T-stage), flowering (F-stage), seed-setting (SS-stage) or throughout plant growth, from seedling till maturity. Except for S-stage, CSR36 exhibited improved NaCl stress tolerance than Jaya, at all other tested stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the improved NaCl stress tolerance in CSR36 coincided with enhanced activities/levels of enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants (root ascorbate peroxidase for T- (2.74-fold) and S+T- (2.12-fold) stages and root catalase for F- (5.22-fold), S+T- (2.10-fold) and S+T+F- (2.61-fold) stages) and higher accumulation of osmolytes (shoot proline for F-stage (5.82-fold) and S+T+F- (2.31-fold) stage), indicating better antioxidant capacitance and osmotic adjustment, respectively. In contrast, higher shoot accumulation of Na+ (14.25-fold) and consequent increase in Na+/K+ (14.56-fold), Na+/Mg+2 (13.09-fold) and Na+/Ca+2 (8.38-fold) ratio in shoot, were identified as major variables associated with S-stage salinity in Jaya. Higher root Na+ and their associated ratio were major deriving force for other stage specific and combined stage salinity in Jaya. In addition, CSR36 exhibited higher levels of Fe3+, Mn2+ and Co3+ and lower Cl- and SO42-, suggesting its potential to discriminate essential and non-essential nutrients, which might contribute to NaCl stress tolerance. Taken together, the findings provided the framework for stage-specific salinity responses in rice, which will facilitate crop-improvement programs for specific ecological niches, including coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- BARC Campus, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ashish K. Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India
| | - Shailaja P. Pandey
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Manish Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Ayushi Dudwadkar
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Harshala J. Parab
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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Zhao J, Meng X, Zhang Z, Wang M, Nie F, Liu Q. OsLPR5 Encoding Ferroxidase Positively Regulates the Tolerance to Salt Stress in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098115. [PMID: 37175822 PMCID: PMC10179522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress that harms rice growth and productivity. Low phosphate roots (LPRs) play a central role in Pi deficiency-mediated inhibition of primary root growth and have ferroxidase activity. However, the function of LPRs in salt stress response and tolerance in plants remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that the OsLPR5 was induced by NaCl stress and positively regulates the tolerance to salt stress in rice. Under NaCl stress, overexpression of OsLPR5 led to increased ferroxidase activity, more green leaves, higher levels of chlorophyll and lower MDA contents compared with the WT. In addition, OsLPR5 could promote the accumulation of cell osmotic adjustment substances and promote ROS-scavenging enzyme activities. Conversely, the mutant lpr5 had a lower ferroxidase activity and suffered severe damage under salt stress. Moreover, knock out of OsLPR5 caused excessive Na+ levels and Na+/K+ ratios. Taken together, our results exemplify a new molecular link between ferroxidase and salt stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xin Meng
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhaonian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Fanhao Nie
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qingpo Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Ahmed N, Rahman K, Rahman M, Sathi KS, Alam MM, Nahar K, Islam MS, Hasanuzzaman M. Insight into the thiourea-induced drought tolerance in two chickpea varieties: Regulation of osmoprotection, reactive oxygen species metabolism and glyoxalase system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:449-458. [PMID: 34411784 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sulfhydryl bioregulator thiourea (TU) is effective in ameliorating the negative impact of different abiotic stresses in plants. To explore the significant performance of TU (5 mM TU, as foliar spray) in conferring mild (25% depletion of water from field capacity, FC), moderate (50% depletion from FC) and severe (75% depletion from FC) drought stress (applied at 25 days after sowing), physiological and biochemical responses of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars (cv. BARI Chola-7 and BARI Chola-9) were investigated in the current study. Shoot fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content and leaf relative water content reduced noticeably in mild, moderate and severe drought stresses over control. A sharp increase of H2O2 accumulation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and proline content were noticed at any level of drought stress which further declined in TU-treated drought-stressed plants. Thiourea-foliar application also increased ascorbate and glutathione contents and upregulated antioxidant enzyme activities, compared to drought-stressed plants alone. Thiourea-induced increased glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II activities are the indications of upregulated methylglyoxal detoxification system. Enhancement of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system, osmoregulation and protection of photosynthetic pigments by TU improved growth, imparted oxidative stress tolerance, ameliorated ROS toxicity and improved physiology of chickpea plants under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naznin Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Khussboo Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mira Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Khadeja Sultana Sathi
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahabub Alam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
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Srivastava AK, Pandey M, Ghate T, Kumar V, Upadhyay MK, Majumdar A, Sanjukta AK, Agrawal AK, Bose S, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P. Chemical intervention for enhancing growth and reducing grain arsenic accumulation in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116719. [PMID: 33640652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen that enters the human food chain mainly through rice grains. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of thiourea (TU; non-physiological reactive oxygen species scavenger) in mitigating the negative effects of arsenic (As) stress in indica rice variety IR64, with the overall aim to reduce grain As accumulation. At seedling stage, As + TU treatment induced the formation of more numerous and longer crown roots compared with As alone. The As accumulation in main root, crown root, lower leaf and upper leaf was significantly reduced to 0.1-, 0.14-, 0.16-, 0.14-fold, respectively in As + TU treated seedlings compared with those of As alone. This reduced As accumulation was also coincided with light-dependent suppression in the expression levels of aquaporins and photosynthesis-related genes in As + TU treated roots. In addition, the foliar-supplemented TU under As-stress maintained reducing redox conditions which decreased the rate of As accumulation in flag leaves and, eventually grain As by 0.53-fold compared with those of As treatment. The agronomic feasibility of TU was validated under naturally As contaminated sites of Nadia (West Bengal, India). The tiller numbers and crop productivity (kg seed/ha) of TU-sprayed plants were increased by 1.5- and 1.18-fold, respectively; while, grain As accumulation was reduced by 0.36-fold compared with those of water-sprayed control. Thus, this study established TU application as a sustainable solution for cultivating rice in As-contaminated field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Manish Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Tejashree Ghate
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Munish Kumar Upadhyay
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sanjukta
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Sutapa Bose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
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